unit 1 漢翻英的基本要求

漢翻英的基本要求1.正確理解，避免誤譯改正下列各句的翻譯：a.我的話將完了，耽誤大家時(shí)間了。Myspeechisover.Sorrytohavewastedyourtime.b.武行者心中要吃，哪里聽(tīng)他分說(shuō)，一片聲喝道：“放屁！放屁！”NowWuthepriestlongedmuchinhishearttoeat,andsohowcouldhebewillingtolistentothisexplanation?Hehellowedforth,“Passyourwind—passyourwind!”C.老大爺天天親自送孫女上學(xué)。Thegrandpasendshisgranddaughtertotheschooleveryday.D.這種論點(diǎn)目前還有一定的市場(chǎng)。Thisargumenthassomemarketatpresent.E.湘云笑道：“阿彌陀佛！剛剛兒的明白了?！薄癆mitabha!”saidXiang-Yun,“Sheunderstands.”F.對(duì)于各家火鍋店來(lái)說(shuō)，羊肉大同小異，主要文章都在小料里。Toeveryhot-potrestaurant,muttonisprettymuchthesame,andthemainarticleisintheirsauceandingredients.G發(fā)展是硬道理。Developmentisahardreason.H.Thatguyreallyknowsathingortwo.那家伙真是略知一二。I.Hehasgotholdofthewrongendofthestick.他的棍子拿倒了。J.Youareasightforsoreeyes.你是讓人望眼欲穿的人。

2.注意詞匯的褒貶，語(yǔ)義范圍，輕重等

a.他哥哥醉心于醫(yī)學(xué)研究，而他弟弟卻醉心于追名逐利。a.他哥哥醉心于醫(yī)學(xué)研究，而他弟弟卻醉心于追名逐利。Hiselderbrotherisengrossedinmedicalresearch,buthisyoungerbrotherisinfatuatedwithfameandgain.b.他那九十歲高齡的父親已于上周去世了。c.臭名卓著的希特勒終于一命嗚呼了。

b.他那九十歲高齡的父親已于上周去世了。Hisfatherpassedawayatanadvancedageofninetylastweek.c.臭名卓著的希特勒終于一命嗚呼了。NotoriousHitlerdidkickthebucketatlonglast.d.他是個(gè)苛刻的老板，要求手下的人對(duì)他忠心耿耿，鞠躬盡瘁。d.他是個(gè)苛刻的老板，要求手下的人對(duì)他忠心耿耿，鞠躬盡瘁。Asademandingboss,heexpectedtotalloyaltyanddedicationfromhisemployees.e.他作為流氓的惡名是他死后才傳開的。e.他作為流氓的惡名是他死后才傳開的。Hisnotorietyasarakedidnotcomeuntilhisdeath.不能翻譯為hisfameasarakef.這個(gè)人私販鴉片。1.Thismansecretlysellsopium.2.Thismanisatraffickerofopium.G.他們講唯心論，我們講唯物論。Theyadvocateidealism,whereaswematerialism.Theypreachidealismwhereasweadvocatematerialism.H.別了，司徒雷登。1.Goodbye,LeightonStuart!2.Farewell,LeightonStuart!

I.他們組成了兩個(gè)陰謀奪取最高權(quán)力的反革命集團(tuán)。Theyriggeduptwocounter-revolutionarycliquesinanattempttoseizesupremepower.I.他們組成了兩個(gè)陰謀奪取最高權(quán)力的反革命集團(tuán)。Theyriggeduptwocounter-revolutionarycliquesinanattempttoseizesupremepower.

必須堅(jiān)持“農(nóng)林牧副漁相結(jié)合”的發(fā)展方針。Wemuststicktotheprincipleofcombiningfarming,forestry,animalhusbandry,sideoccupationsandfisheryinruraldevelopment.3.注意不要重復(fù)、啰嗦

（a.意思重復(fù)或相近的詞只取其一即可）A.三四個(gè)篩酒的酒保都手忙腳亂，搬東搬西。Buttheseservingmenweresobusy,theirhandsandfeetwereallinconfusion,andtheyweremovingthingshitherandthither,eastandwest.

Acoupleofwaiterswereingreathurryservingfoodanddrink.B.老伴開導(dǎo)我“人要衣裝，佛要金裝”的道理，我過(guò)去一直不以為然。Mywifehadalwaysremindedmeoftheoldsaying“itisclothesthatmaketheman”.ButIneverthoughtmuchofit.C.海峽兩岸的中國(guó)人都是骨肉同胞、手足兄弟。TheChineseonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStraitsareofthesamefleshandblood.D.目標(biāo)的輕重緩急，孰先孰后，應(yīng)仔細(xì)研究，認(rèn)真考慮，反復(fù)推敲才是。Forthetarget,whichisheavyandwhichislight,whichisurgentandwhichisunhurried,andwhichisearlyandwhichislateshouldbecarefullystudied,earnestlyconsideredandrepeatedlydeliberated.

Targetprioritiesshouldbeverycarefullystudied.3.注意不要重復(fù)、啰嗦（B.省略范疇詞)A.他們進(jìn)行挑釁活動(dòng)，制造緊張局勢(shì)，必須馬上停止。Theymuststopalltheirprovocationsatonce,whichcreatestensions.B.前怕狼后怕虎的態(tài)度將會(huì)使你一事無(wú)成?！癋earingdragonsaheadandtigersbehind”willresultinnothingtoyou.C.整個(gè)城市的交通狀況將在五年內(nèi)得到較大改善。Thetransportationofthecitywillbegreatlyimprovedduringthefiveyears.

D.他的朋友聽(tīng)到他家中的困難情況后，都主動(dòng)伸出援助之手。Afterhisfriendsheardabouthisfamilydifficulties,theyofferedherahand.課堂練習(xí)1：省略范疇詞1.大家都被他那種不負(fù)責(zé)任的做法激怒了。2.我們都被他的無(wú)私精神深深打動(dòng)。3.他的傲慢態(tài)度使他孤立無(wú)援。4.大廳里充滿了莊重的氣氛。5.她的冷漠態(tài)度讓很多朋友離她而去。6.對(duì)他在工作中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的徇私作風(fēng)誰(shuí)都不滿意。3.注意不要重復(fù)、啰嗦（C.省略不言而喻/華而不實(shí)的詞語(yǔ))A.我們的目的，一定能達(dá)到。Ourgoalwillbeattained.Ourgoalwillbeattainedcertainly.B.我們要徹底粉碎敵人的陰謀。Weshallsmashtheschemeoftheenemy.Weshallsmashtheschemeoftheenemycompletely.C.不要白白浪費(fèi)這樣一個(gè)千載難逢的機(jī)會(huì)。Don’twastesuchagoldenopportunity.Don’twastesuchagoldenopportunityfornothing.D.她用鼻子聞了聞那朵花。Shetookasmellattheflower.Shetookasmellattheflowerwithhernose.E.雙方一致同意。Bothsidesagreed.Bothsidesagreedunanimously.F.我們應(yīng)該大力加快經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的步伐。Weshouldaccelerateeconomicreform.Weshouldmakegreateffortstoacceleratethepaceofeconomicreform.課堂練習(xí)2.翻譯下列句子，注意省略1.這是走向繁榮的最根本的道路。2.他暗暗下定決心：一定重新做人。3.中國(guó)政府鄭重申明。4.這些都是騙人的謊言。5.記者紛紛飛到阿拉斯加去了。6.依法嚴(yán)厲打擊各種犯罪活動(dòng)。4.注意語(yǔ)言的生動(dòng)形象A.你個(gè)小淘氣！Youlittlerascal!

Hownaughtyyouare!B.你讓我倒他媽的八輩子邪霉了。I’muptomyneckinyourbullshit.HowmisfortunateIamduetoyou.C.姑娘們聽(tīng)到這個(gè)好消息個(gè)個(gè)笑逐顏開。Girlswereallsmilesonhearingthegoodnews.Girlsbegantosmilehappilyonhearingthegoodnews.D.歲月不知不覺(jué)地過(guò)去了。Timegoesby.Theyearsstealby.E.他兒子當(dāng)時(shí)還是一個(gè)小不點(diǎn)兒。Hissonwasonlyknee-hightoagrasshopper.Hissonwasonlyalittleboy.課堂練習(xí)3.比較下列翻譯1.這就點(diǎn)燃了武裝斗爭(zhēng)的燎原之火。Thiskindledtheprairiefireinrevolutionarystruggle.Thislightedtheprairiefireinrevolutionarystruggle.2.他嚇得魂不附體。Hewasterrifiedoutofhissenses.Heisveryafraid.3.法西斯的暴行激起了全世界人民極大的憤怒。Thecruelbehaviorofthefascistsrousedthepeopleintheworldtogreatanger.Theatrocitiesofthefascistsrousedthepeopleintheworldtogreatindignation.4.隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的發(fā)展，特別是加入世界貿(mào)易組織，中國(guó)將融入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的大潮。1.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,especiallyafterChina’sentryintotheWTO,Chienseeconomywillmergeintothetideoftheworldeconomy.2.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,especiallyafterChina’sentryintotheWTO,theeconomyofChinawillconvergewiththatoftheworld.5.孩子們都穿上了大衣，戴上了圍巾和手套，全身都給裹得暖和和的。Thechildrenwearovercoats,putonscarvesandgloves,andthewholebodiesaresnugged.Thechildrenweresnuggedinovercoats,mufflersandmittens.6.他們你一句，我一句，說(shuō)個(gè)沒(méi)玩。Theytalkedonandon.Theytookturnstosayonewordafteranother,withoutstop.7.那個(gè)溫度計(jì)一定不準(zhǔn)。Thatthermometerisnotaccurate.Thatthermometermustbelying.8.那部打字機(jī)在書桌上占去的地方太多了。Thisthetypewriteristoogreedyondeskspace.Thetypewritertakesuptoomuchspaceonthedesk.9.他總算把記著招待會(huì)對(duì)付過(guò)去了。Afterall,hesurvivedthepressconference.Afterall,hedealswiththepressconference.課后作業(yè)翻譯下列句子1.愛(ài)情是風(fēng)花雪夜，婚姻是柴米油鹽。2.本店貨色齊全，品種多樣，任君挑選。3.我們說(shuō)，長(zhǎng)征是歷史紀(jì)錄上的第一次，長(zhǎng)征是宣言書，長(zhǎng)征是宣傳隊(duì)，長(zhǎng)征時(shí)播種機(jī)。4.我校目前尚未設(shè)博士點(diǎn)。5.我們相信用不了多久我們的產(chǎn)品就會(huì)走向世界。6.好的時(shí)候不要看得太好，壞的時(shí)候不要看得太壞。最重要的是要有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)，殺雞取卵的方式是短視的行為。7.依法嚴(yán)厲打擊各種犯罪活動(dòng)，堅(jiān)決掃除黃賭毒等社會(huì)丑惡現(xiàn)象。8.我們應(yīng)該防止急躁情緒。9.分子處于永恒的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)中。10.它顯示出社會(huì)主義制度的優(yōu)勢(shì)。翻譯下面的段落可能是中國(guó)的電視小品不太容易讓老百姓過(guò)上一把癮，于是電視里有興起把幾個(gè)外國(guó)人弄到臺(tái)上。導(dǎo)演都跟商量好了似的，讓他們?cè)谂_(tái)上裝瘋賣傻。我真納悶，怎么到中國(guó)來(lái)的外國(guó)人一上了舞臺(tái)，不是愣小子就是傻丫頭啊！還有的中國(guó)演員演外國(guó)人的時(shí)候，故意說(shuō)一口變了味的、怪腔怪調(diào)的中國(guó)話，聽(tīng)得真讓人三伏天一身一身地起雞皮疙瘩！PerhapsbecauseChinesecomicshowsonTVrarelygivetheaudienceagoodlaugh,ithasnowbecometrendytoincludeforeignersinthestoryline.Asiftherewereatacitagreementamongdirectors,theyallmaketheforeignersplaythefool.IhavestartedtowonderwhyforeignersinChina,onceonstage,turnoutwithoutexceptiontobeeitherbrainlessbabesorrecklessbrats.IntheshowswhereforeignersareplayedbyChineseperformers,theyspeakChinesewithadeliberate