初中英語-副詞專題

專題五副詞知識清單要點一副詞的分類及功能 要點三副詞的比較級要點二副詞的位置 要點四常見副詞的用法及解析要點一副詞的分類及功能.副詞的分類時間副詞early.時間副詞有now，then.today.tomorrow.yesterday.before.ago.soon.immediately.lately.early.sometimes.often.always.usually.already.yet等evieT間副詞是確定句子時態(tài)的重要標志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同時態(tài)的時間標志。地點副詞地點副詞有outsideinsideupstairsheretherehome,nearaway,inback,offup,anywhere等。地點副詞和動詞連用時不加介詞。方式副詞方式副詞有quicklyhappilyloudlysuddenlyluckil，ybadlyeasil，yfastagain^o^式副詞大多有形容詞+ly'構(gòu)成。程度副詞程度副詞有veryquiterathe，rtoqmuch,$。等。有些程度副詞可以修飾形容詞原級，有些能修飾形容詞比較級。頻度副詞頻度副詞有sometimesoftenalwaysnever等。頻度副詞一般和一般現(xiàn)在時連用，表示動作發(fā)生的頻率。疑問副詞疑問副詞有when,where,why,how,how10nghowsoon,howoftenhowfar等。疑問副詞常用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why,how等。關(guān)系副詞常用來引導(dǎo)從句。其他副詞如luckilyfinal,yperhaps等，用于整個句子進行說明。.副詞的語法功能(1)作狀語①修飾動詞，如：It’sra迪睡vil天正下著大雨。They'rearmlywelcomedbythestude他們］受到學(xué)生們的熱烈歡迎。②修飾形容詞，如：You’rquiterig|你非常正確。③修飾其他副詞，如：Don’tdritoofa別騎得太快。NeitherTomnorSusancanswimvery湯姆和蘇珊都不太會游泳。④修飾介詞短語，如： Whereisthebroo掃帚在哪兒？ Justbehindthedo就在門后。⑤修飾從句，如：ThisisexactlywhatI這正是他所說的。⑵作定語。有少數(shù)地點副詞和時間副詞可以作定語，放在所修飾詞的后面。如：Thecomradeshereareallverykind這的mi志對我都非常和善。⑶作表語。作表語的副詞多數(shù)是表示位置的。如：in.out.on.back.down.up.off.away.upstairs等，如：Heis_in他在家。Whenwillyoubebad：k?何時回來？⑷作賓語補足語。如：IsawyououtwithmysisterlastS上周六aS.看見你和我姐姐一起出去了。互動訓(xùn)練Whenheheardacryforhelp.heranoutasashecould.A.hardlyB.quicklyC.finallyD.slowlyIhaven'tbeentotheGreatWallyet.一Ihaven'tbeen.thereA.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.neitherMissGaoisverypopularwithherstudents.一Yes.Herclassesarelivelyandinteresting.A.seldomB.neverC.sometimesD.alwayshastheforeignteacherbeenShanghai?一Foroneyear.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfardoyoutakeexercise?—Threetimesaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.HowmuchDon'tworWyndycanlookafteryourbirdwhenyou'reout.A.care B.careful C.carelessD.carefullyelenwassoexcitedatthenewsthatshecouldsayaword.A.ever B.almost C.hardlyD.alwaysDoyouconsideryouarudeperson?—not.Ialwayshavegoodmanners.A.ProbablyB.UsuallyC.GenerallyD.CertainlyIcanbeanurse.I'mnotaverypatientpersoA.seldomB.ever C.neverD.alwaysWherewouldyouliketogoonyoursummerholiday.Mike?—I'dliketogo.A.somewhereB.anywhereC.everywhereD.nowhere1填空）It'sso相當難的一項）job.要點二副詞的位置.地點副詞、時間副詞和方式副詞一般放在句末。同時出現(xiàn)時間副詞和地點副詞時，其順序為地點、時間。如：Writedownyournamehe把e你的名字寫在這里。I'llseehimattheschoolgate明天我將在校門□見他。.頻度副詞：通常放在實義動詞前，be動詞、情態(tài)動詞及第一個助動詞之后。如：Shealmostforgotaboutthewhole她幾盛忘記了整件事情。Theyarealwayslatefor他^設(shè)總是上學(xué)遲到。注意：ever和never有時放在助動詞前，表強調(diào)。如：Nothingeverhasmadehimang他從未為任何事情生過氣。.程度副詞：⑴修飾動詞時，與頻度副詞的位置相似。如：Idon'tquiteagreewit我不碗全同意你的觀點。⑵修飾形容詞、副詞時，放在它所修飾的詞前面。如：Heworksalittleharde^tnow在工作更努力了一些。Theroomisbigenoughtoli這個房間足夠住了。注意：enough作為副詞，修飾形容詞、副詞時，應(yīng)置于所修飾的形容詞、副詞的后邊。但作為形容詞修飾名詞時，常放在名詞的前面。如：Idon'thaveenoughmoneytobuythisSh沒有足夠的錢來買這所房子。互動訓(xùn)練—Hi.Bb!Ican'tfindmyhistorybook.Haveyouseenit?—SorryIhaven't.Whydon'tyouaskJim?Perhapshe'sseenit.A.SomewhereB.everywhereC.nowhereD.anywhereHeatsixeverymorning.A.oftengetupB.oftengetsupC.getsupoftengetsupoften—doyoulikeChinesefood?—Verymuch.A.How B.WhereC.What（填空）Mobilephonesare廣泛）usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.—Idon'tknowsheis.—Hermothersayssheismuchbetterthesedays.A.who B.howC.whatD.whereIcan'tsayIwanttogobacktomyhometcuite時'fewqyearssinceIwentbacklasttime.A.howmuchB.howlongC.howoftenD.howsoon要點三副詞的比較級1.副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成與形容詞的比較級、最高級的構(gòu)成類似，有規(guī)劃變化和不規(guī)則變化。規(guī)則變化請參見形容詞比較級的變化方法。如：原級比較級最高級hardharderhardestfastfasterfastestearlyearlierearliest原級比較級最高級slowlymoreslowlymostslowlyquicklymorequicklymostquicklycarefullymorecarefullymostcarefully原級比較級最高級wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestlittlelessleast2.副詞比較級的基本用法⑴原級用法：as+副詞原級+as如：Icanrunasquicklyashecan.HespeaksEnglishaswellasaforeigner.⑵比較級的用法：副詞比較級+tharffl：Shegotupearliertodaythanyesterday.Icanrunmorequicklythanhe.⑶最高級的用法：（the）+最高級+in/o短語。如：Whorunsfastestofthethree?Tomrunsmostquicklyinhisclass.互動訓(xùn)練Jackisgoodatdrawing.Ithinknoonedraws.A.betterB.best C.worseD.worstAmongthethreeboys.heworksperhapsthe.A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.mosthardThemorewelookatthepicture..A.thebetterweliked B.thelesswelikeditC.welikeditless D.betteritwelikeBobneverdoeshishomeworkMary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefullyas B.ascarefullyasC.carefullyas D.ascarefulasMysisterisgoodatsports.andshecanjumpthanme.A.highestB.veryhighC.toohighD.muchhigher.Whichdoyoulike.tea.orangeorwater?A.goodB.wellC.bestD.better DidKatedobestinthefinalexam? No.butofallthestudentsshedid.A.themostcarefulB.morecarefulC.mostcarefullyD.morecarefully要點四常見副詞的用法及辨析.very與much表示很“非常”very用于修飾形容詞或副詞，such修飾名詞，但名詞前可以有形容詞作定語。如:It'sverynice.Shesaidshewasmuchbetterthanbefore.IlikeEnglishverymuch..so與such表示如此“書“么”“么”⑴so修飾形容詞或副詞，such修飾名詞，但名詞前可以有形容詞作定語。如：Ican'tbeheresoearly.I'veneverseensuchfinedrawing⑵so修飾的形容詞后可以有一個單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)是so+adj.+a/an+n如：Sheissogoodagirl.=Sheissuchagoodgirl.⑶如果可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前有1^9「￡0堿不可數(shù)名詞前有$口m.litt等表示數(shù)量多少的形容詞時，用so而不用such攵D：I'mafraidthathe'llforgetitifhemisses.somanylessoMissZhaogotsolittlemoneyamonth.⑷巧記so與much的用法區(qū)別：名詞such形、副$。多多少少還用sotoo.also.either也（不）”too和also用于肯定句中，too常用于口語中，置于句末；also常用于書面語中，置于be動詞后，行為動詞前；eithe用于否定句句尾。如：I'mfine.Wealsohaveelevenplayersinateam.Chinesetake-awayfoodisalsopopular.Wedon'tlikethesame.either.sometime.sometimes.sometimes.sometimeSometime表示將來或過去的某個時候”；sometime指有時候”；sometime則指一段時間”；some打1^$表示倍數(shù)、次數(shù)”。如：Newstudentswillcometoourschoolsometimenextweek.Ittookmesometimetofinishreadingthebook.Sometimes.Iknowwhatshe'sthinking.Ourschoolissometimeslargerthantheirs.這樣巧記sometime.sometime.someti和^sometimes:分開是一段“相連為某時“，分開s是倍、次”，相連s是有時”already.表示已經(jīng)”already表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生；yet用于疑問句表示已經(jīng)”，用于否定句表示還沒有”。如：I'vealreadyfinishedit.Ihavesungalready.Haveyoufoundyourruleryet?Hehasn'tfinishedhisworkyet.例題HollyhasfedthebdOg.shehasn'twateredtheplants.A.Still;alreadyB.already;yetC.yet;stillyet;already解析本體考察副詞的辨析。Stil意為仍舊，還”不合題意，故排除。Already和丫6=表示已經(jīng)”aleady常用于肯定句中，yet常用于否定句中。答案;Bhar和Dhardlyhard用作副詞,意為猛烈地”“苦地”努力地”;用作形容詞，意為困難的”堅硬的”;hardly表否定，意為幾乎不”。兩個詞的意思完全不一樣。如：Hestudieshard.Hehardlystudies.Stoneisveryhard.Shehardlyeverexercise.Thisquestionistoohardforsuchalittleboy.howlong.howsoon.howoften.howfar⑴how10ng意為多長時間”，就“for■時間段喊“since時間點”是問，對how10ng引起的問句也要用howlong;⑵howsoon意為多久以后”，就“in”起的將來的時間提問，對howsoon問句也要用“血”引起的表示將來的時間回答，howsoon問句是將來時態(tài)；⑶how。計69意為多久一次”，就頻率提問，常用once/twice/threetimesa或ekveryfivedays等短語回答；⑷how￡@「意為多遠，就距離提問。muchtoo和toomuch⑴muchtoo修飾形容詞和副詞的原級，意為非常，極其”中心詞是too;⑵too1^^意為太多”，非常”中心詞是much，常用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以單獨使用，作賓語或修飾動詞。如：Itismuchtoocoldtoday.Tomlikesfootballtoomuch.Don'teattoomuch.Theirsistoomuchiceontheroad.andyoumustbecareful.互動訓(xùn)練Ilikelivinghere.A.quitemuchB.evenmuchC.verymuchD.suchmuchHaveyoueverseenbigpandabefore.

A.asuchB.suchaC.soaD.asoA.asuchB.suchaC.soaD.asoCanyouimaginethatlittleantscancarrymanybigworms?A.so;soB.such;suchC.such.soD.so;muchIt’salmostimpossibleforfewpeopletodomuchworkinashorttime.A.so;so;asB.so;so;suchC.such;such;such).such;such;soWearrivedlatethatthattherewerenoseatsleft.A. much B.too C. so D.veryLucydoesn'tlikecottonblouse.Lilydoesn'tA. either B.too C. neither D.alsoHesaidhewouldcometoseeusthenextafternoon.A. sometime B.some time C. sometimes D.some times Havetheseworkersfinisheddoingtheirwork? No.not.A.already;yetB.yet;yetC.yet;alreadyD.already;alreadyTomddn'tknowanythingaboutthepaperbecausehegotanytimetoreaditatthattime.A.hard B.hardly C.almost D.nearly Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday? Itwasterrible.Itrainedsothatpeoplecouldgoout.A.hardly;hardB.hardly;hardlyC.hard;hardlyD.hard;hard Canyouunderstandme?—Sorry.Icanunderstandwhatyou'vesaid.A.nearlyB.easilyC.hardlyD.exactly doyouwritetoyourfriend? Onceaweek.A.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howfar. isitformourschooltoLugouBridge?---Abouthalfanhour'sbusride.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.HowmuchIdon'tthinkthisshirtfitsher.It'ssmallforher.A.muchtooB.verymuchC.toomuchD.somuchHeeatsfood.soheisfat.A.muchtoo;toomuch B.muchtoo;toomanyC.toomuch;muchtoo D.toomuch;manytoo方法清單方法一在具體語言環(huán)境中辨析副詞的具體含義方法二正確使用副詞的比較級方法三注意下列詞不同含義方法一在具體語言環(huán)境中辨析副詞的具體含義明確副詞與形容詞的區(qū)別及轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律，在解答試題時要根據(jù)具體的語境辨析所給選項例題1TheInternetisveryusefulforus.Wecanfindinformation.A.easyB.easilyC.hardD.hardly解析句意：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對我們非常有用。我們可以容易地找到信息?？崭裉幩柙~是修飾動詞find的，所以要用副詞。A為形容詞，被排除；B為容易地”；C為辛苦地”；D為幾乎不”，根據(jù)句意選擇B。答案B例題2Theinstructioonmedicinearenecessaryforthesick.Theyexplainwhetherthemedicineisoutofdate.A.clear;clearlyB.clearly;cleaC.clearly;clearly解析句意：對于病人來說，關(guān)于藥的清楚的說明是必要的。這些說明能夠清楚地解釋藥物是否過期。本題考查形容詞和副詞辨析。Clear形容詞，修飾名詞；clearl是副詞，修飾動聞答案AHowthemusicwas!HeplayedthepianoA.wonderful;wonderfulB.wonderfully;wonderfullyC..wonderful;wonderfulDywonderfully;wonderfulMrsSmithhasacutebaby.Itoftensmilesatpeople.A.friendlyB.lovelyC.happilyD.livelySomeanimalscanevenseethingsinthepark.A.badB.badlyC.clearD.clearly方法二正確運用副詞的比較級根據(jù)具體語境及題目中一些標志詞判斷是用副詞的原級、比較級還是最高級，尤其注意副詞原級與比較級修飾詞的區(qū)別。例題1LiLeididquiteintheenglishcompetition.Idideven.A.better;wellB.good;betteC.well;betterD.well;good解析此題考查的副詞的原級和比較級。第一句李雷在英語競賽中表現(xiàn)得相當好”，用副詞well修飾動詞did（形容詞good不能修飾動詞）。第二句我表現(xiàn)得更好”，用well的比較級匕6廿6來修飾動詞did答案C例2 DidKatedobestinthefinalexam? No.butofallthestudentsshedid.A.themostcarefulB.morecaiC.fuil.ostcarefullyD.morecarefully解析句意：----Kat在期末考試中考的好嗎？---不是，可她在所有學(xué)生中做的最認真。本題考查副詞最高級用法。從ofallthestud可推知設(shè)空處用最高級，故排除B和D;又由設(shè)空前的did為實義動詞，要用副詞來修飾，故選C項。答案C注意①veryquitetoo修飾形容詞、副詞的原級。②much,even,far修飾形容詞副詞的比較級，verymuch修飾動詞。③alittle.alot.abW以修飾形容詞、副詞的原級或比較級，表示說明的程度。Theyouworkatyourlessons.theresultsyouwillget.A.hard;goodB.harder;goodC.hard;betterD.harder;betterWholistens.Tom.JackorBill?A.themostcarefully.morecarefullyC.themostcarefulD.