分詞作狀語用法

分詞作狀語用法是所有分詞用法中最重要的，也是最難掌握的。分詞在句中作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語。一、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語一、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句，根據(jù)需要可以使用被動(dòng)式或完成式。Studyingatthehometown,Ienjoyedthehappiesttimeduringmylife.Beingill,shecan'tgotoworktoday.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandjumping.Hesentmeane-mail,togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hopeSuddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriagethegirlandtookheraway,intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing二、現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài).現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式由“動(dòng)詞+ing”構(gòu)成，其被動(dòng)式為“being+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”。例如：ThestudentsstandingtherearefromClassThree.TheEnglishnovelbeingtranslatedbytheeditornowwillbecompletedinOctober..現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式由“having+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”構(gòu)成，其被動(dòng)式為“having+been+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”。例如：Havingfinishedallthework,theyhadagoodrest.Havingbeengiventherightanswer,theteacheraskedmetositdown.Givenmoretime,wewillfinishtheworkintime..現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式為“not+動(dòng)詞-ing”，被動(dòng)式的否定式為“not+being+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”，其完成式的否定式為“not+having+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”。例如：Notknowingwhattodo,hesattherecrying.Notbeingnoticedbythepublic,theyoungwriterfeltalittlepity.fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.SufferedB.SufferingFindinghercarstolen,.whereverhegoes.A.SufferedB.SufferingFindinghercarstolen,.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpC.itwaslookedforeverywhere二、過去分詞作狀語過去分詞只有一種形式，即doneC.HavingsufferedD.BeingsufferedtheareawassearchedthoroughlyD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp表被動(dòng)。Themothercamein,followedbyherson.Whenheated，waterwillbeturnedintosteam.Deeplymovedbythefilm,weallcried.Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadnomorethantwoyearsofschooling.1．fromthetopoftheTVtower,andwecangetabeautifulsightofmostofthecity.A.ToseeB.SeenC.SeeingD.Seein1613,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStated.A.beingfoundedB.FoundedC.ItwasfoundedD.Founding三、過去分詞與V-ing作狀語的區(qū)別分詞在句中作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語。V-ing表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；2.過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。Seenfromadistance,themountainlookedlikeanelephant.Seeingthemountain,hequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaitedaloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.A.LeavingB.LeftC.TobeleftD.Havingleftbythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarms.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.HavingattractedThechildrenranoutoftheroom,.AlaughedandjumpedBTolaughandjumpClaughingandjumpingDlaughandjump用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautifultous.(give)time,he’llmakeafirstclasstennisplayer.(look)outofthewindow,Ifoundmanychildrenplayingontheplayground.3、連詞+分詞做狀語：分詞做狀語常和某些連詞連用，表示分詞是做什么狀語，常見的和分詞連用的連詞有When,because,if,though,once,unless等。Generallyspeaking,accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.WhentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken,thisfilmcanneverbeenforgotten.AOnceseeingBoncehavingseenCOnceseenDOncetosee四、分詞作狀語相當(dāng)于狀語從句分詞在句中作狀語時(shí),其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語。一、用作時(shí)間狀語，分詞(短語)用作時(shí)間狀語通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成由when,while,after,before等引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。典型例句Seeingthecat,themouseranoff.=When[Assoonas]themousesawthecat,itranoff.高考實(shí)例Whendifferentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared二、用作原因狀語，分詞(短語)用作原因狀語通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成由as,because,since,nowthat等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。Beingveryweak,shecouldn'tmove.=Asshewasveryweak,shecouldn’tmove.withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Tofaceforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.A.BlamingB.BlamedC.ToblameD.Tobeblamed三、用作條件狀語，分詞(短語)用作條件狀語通常可轉(zhuǎn)換成由從屬連詞if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。典型例句Workinghard,youwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.=Ifwehadbeengivenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given四、用作讓步狀語，分詞(短語)用作讓步狀語通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成由從屬連詞though,although,nomatter…等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Althoughlivingmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.=Althoughhelivedmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.=Thoughthewasdefeated,heremainedapopularboxer.Nomatterhowfrequently,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.A.performedB.performingC.tobeperformedD.beingperformed五、用作伴隨狀語，表示的動(dòng)作伴隨句子謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，即句子謂語所表示的動(dòng)作為主要?jiǎng)幼鳎衷~短語所表示的動(dòng)作伴隨性的次要?jiǎng)幼鳌５湫屠銱esatinthechairreadinganewspaper.Don'tyousittheredoingnothing.Hecamein,followedbyhiswife.Don’tsittherenothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoingMycousincametoseemefromthecountry,meafullbasketoffreshfruits.A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbroughtWheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,alwaysthesamething.A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaidWeoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,thatallchildrenlikethesethings.A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought六、用作結(jié)果狀語，分詞(短語)用作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成并列句。典型例句Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.=Hediedandlefthiswifewithfivechildren.Heglancedoverather,thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.notingB.notedC.tonoteD.havingnotedOilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching課后練習(xí)題.aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.A.LeavingB.LeftC.TobeleftD.Havingleftnthisway,thesituationdoesn'tseemsodisappointing.A.TolookB.LookingatC.LookedatD.Tobelookedatinthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited.moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven.theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.HavingnotcompletedHavingbeenattackedbyterrorists,.A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallb