初中英語中考復(fù)習(xí) 06 從句-沖刺2022年中考英語重難考點(diǎn)精講精練

從句專項(xiàng)總結(jié)練習(xí)

英語句子分為簡單句,并列句和復(fù)合句.其中復(fù)合句是指通過引導(dǎo)詞將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上簡單句連接在一起的句子.引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的句子就是從句.初中主要學(xué)習(xí)了_________,____________和___________,此外還有___________,___________,____________(高中學(xué)習(xí)).從

句賓語從句定語從句狀語從句主語從句表語從句同位語從句1.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語+定語.2.主語+謂語+賓語.3.主語(定語)+謂語+賓語(定語)+狀語是一個(gè)句子,則是表語從句是一個(gè)句子,則是主語從句是一個(gè)句子,則是賓語從句是一個(gè)句子,則是定語從句是一個(gè)句子,則是狀語從句同位語的位置是一個(gè)句子,則是同位語從句summary:

賓語從句:1.在復(fù)合句中,賓語位置是一個(gè)句子,這個(gè)句子就是賓語從句.______和_____后是賓語.(注意雙賓語時(shí),發(fā)出賓語從句的動(dòng)詞可能不和從句緊挨著.另外有時(shí)發(fā)出賓語從句的動(dòng)詞后面可能有副詞修飾,這時(shí)也不緊挨著,一定要能辨認(rèn)出來)2.⑴作為賓語從句的簡單句是陳述句時(shí),關(guān)聯(lián)詞用_______,可省略.

⑵作為賓語從句的簡單句是一般疑問句時(shí),關(guān)聯(lián)詞用_____________.賓語從句的語序一定是__________語序.

⑶作為賓語從句的簡單句是特殊疑問句時(shí),關(guān)聯(lián)詞用_______________.賓語從句的語序一定是____________語序.3.關(guān)聯(lián)詞that通?？墒÷?但以下情況不可以省略.⑴__________________________.

⑵_______________________________.⑶_________________________________.that陳述句介詞陳述句特殊疑問詞動(dòng)詞賓語從句的主語是that

主句和賓語從句之間有插入語if/whether賓語從句是前面動(dòng)詞的直接賓語賓語從句4.作為賓語從句的簡單句是一般疑問句時(shí),關(guān)聯(lián)詞用if/whether.通常情況下if和whether可以互換,但以下幾種情況只能用whether.⑴________________________

⑵_________________

⑶_______________5.學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句,注意的兩大問題⑴

賓語從句的語序一定是___________語序.⑵賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)要和主句________________.主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),從句_____________________________.主句是過去時(shí)態(tài),從句用__________________.具體歸納為:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變_____________,一般過去時(shí)變________________,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變________________,過去進(jìn)行時(shí)不變,一般將來時(shí)變__________________,過去將來時(shí)不變.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變___________________,過去完成時(shí)不變.如果是客觀真理,用_________________.6.當(dāng)賓語從句由疑問句充當(dāng),而主句和從句的主語一致時(shí),可以寫成________

___________的省略形式.賓語從句中有ornot動(dòng)詞不定式前介詞后陳述句保持一致該用什么時(shí)態(tài)用什么時(shí)態(tài)過去的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)特殊疑問詞+todo賓語從句7.當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞think/suppose/guess/believe/imagine/consider/expect等,而主語又是第一人稱時(shí),從句的否定要_________.其反義疑問句與______一致.而主語不是第一人稱的與__________一致.Exercise:寫出句子的反義疑問句及回答.1.Idon’tthinkhecanswim.(我認(rèn)為他不會游泳.)Idon’tthinkhecanswim,canhe?Yes,hecan(不,他會)./No,hecan’t(是的,他不會).2.Wethinkheiswrong.Wethinkheiswrong,isn’the?Yes,heis(是的,他是)./No,heisn’t.(不,他不是)3.Theythinkthatthenewsistrue.Theythinkthatthenewsistrue,don’tthey?Yes,theydo(是的,他是)/No,theydon’t.(不,他們不是)4.Hedoesn’tthinkcatsarethecleverestanimals.Hedoesn’tthinkcatsarelovelyanimals,doeshe?Yes,hedoes/No,hedoesn’t.前移從句主句不,他認(rèn)為/是的,他不認(rèn)為.表語從句和主語從句1.表語從句:在復(fù)合句中,________后面如果是一個(gè)句子,這個(gè)句子就是表語從句.引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞有:_____________________________________________________________________等.注意沒有if.表語從句引導(dǎo)詞后面也是________語序.2.主語從句:在復(fù)合句中,主語位置如果是一個(gè)句子,這個(gè)句子就是主語從句.⑴引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有:__________________________________________________________________________________________等.注意沒有if.主語從句引導(dǎo)詞后面也是_______語序.⑵為了避免頭重腳輕,主語從句可以放在后面,即,______________________________結(jié)構(gòu),其中that從句是主語,it是____________.⑶句子作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用_________,除非句子明確表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)意義.⑷主語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)限制,該是什么時(shí)態(tài)就是什么時(shí)態(tài).⑸引導(dǎo)詞that通常和表語從句一樣不省略.在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,也無詞義.whether,who,why,where,when,because,asif,whatwhich,how,that,陳述句形式主語that,whether,who,why,where,when,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,how陳述句Itis+adj./n./pp+that從句單數(shù)系動(dòng)詞定語從句1.在復(fù)合句中,定語位置是一個(gè)句子,這個(gè)句子就是定語從句.被定語從句修飾的詞或短語叫__________,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞,叫_________________,如________________________________________________________等.關(guān)系詞指代________,在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分.2.先行詞是人時(shí),關(guān)系詞在定語從句中如果充當(dāng)主語,用___________,不可省略.如果充當(dāng)賓語,關(guān)系詞可用__________________,可省略.如果關(guān)系詞后是名詞,用_________.表所屬關(guān)系.3.先行詞是物時(shí),關(guān)系詞用______________,充當(dāng)主語時(shí)不可省略.4.先行詞是reason時(shí),關(guān)系詞用______.5.先行詞是時(shí)間時(shí),關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語和主語時(shí)用_________________,充當(dāng)狀語時(shí)用___________或者_(dá)_________________.6.先行詞是地點(diǎn)時(shí),關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語和主語時(shí)用_________________,充當(dāng)狀語時(shí)用___________或者_(dá)_________________.who/thatwhich,that,先行詞who,why,where,when,which,whom,whose先行詞關(guān)系詞/引導(dǎo)詞who/whom/thatwhosewhich/thatwhywhich/thatwhen介詞+whichwhich/thatwhere介詞+which定語從句7.定語從句中只能用that作關(guān)系代詞的情況.⑴_________________________________________⑵_______________________________________________________________⑶________________________________________⑷_____________________________⑸_________________________________________________8.定語從句中只能用which作關(guān)系代詞的情況.⑴___________________________⑵____________________________9.關(guān)系詞that/which/who充當(dāng)從句主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)和__________保持一致.10.定語從句分為限制性定語從句和_____________________,區(qū)別在于非限制性定語從句與主句用________隔開,起補(bǔ)充說明作用.如果沒有它,不影響句子完整.先行詞有人有物先行詞有theonly,thevery,thelast,all,no,little,few,any等限制詞主句是以which或who開始的特殊疑問句先行詞有序數(shù)詞或最高級限定先行詞是all,something等不定代詞時(shí)先行詞關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)非限制性定語從句逗號先行詞本身為that,those等定語從句7.定語從句中只能用that作關(guān)系代詞的情況.⑴_________________________________________⑵_______________________________________________________________⑶________________________________________⑷_____________________________⑸_________________________________________________8.定語從句中只能用which作關(guān)系代詞的情況.⑴___________________________⑵____________________________9.關(guān)系詞that/which/who充當(dāng)從句主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)和__________保持一致.10.定語從句分為限制性定語從句和_____________________,區(qū)別在于非限制性定語從句與主句用________隔開,起補(bǔ)充說明作用.如果沒有它,不影響句子完整.先行詞有人有物先行詞有theonly,thevery,thelast,all,no,little,few,any等限制詞主句是以which或who開始的特殊疑問句先行詞有序數(shù)詞或最高級限定先行詞是all,something等不定代詞時(shí)先行詞關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)非限制性定語從句逗號先行詞本身為that,those等狀語從句1.句子中充當(dāng)狀語的是句子,這個(gè)句子就是狀語從句.英語中用來說明地點(diǎn),時(shí)間,原因,目的,結(jié)果,條件,方向,程度,方式,伴隨狀況等的句子成分稱為_____.所以狀語從句可分為_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,______________等.狀語從句都必須有一個(gè)_______來引導(dǎo),這些連詞都是有意義的.2.⑴條件狀語從句:引導(dǎo)詞有:________________________.含有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中如果主句是_______________________或_______________________,則從句用_____________________,簡稱”主將從現(xiàn)”.⑵時(shí)間狀語從句:引導(dǎo)詞有:_________________________________________________________________________________等.其中when從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性和__________動(dòng)詞.而while從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能是_________.如果主句和從句都是進(jìn)行時(shí)用_________.as強(qiáng)調(diào)_____________._______后通常加過去時(shí)的從句,這時(shí)主句通常用____________時(shí).bythetime后如果是一般過去時(shí),主句用____________.比較狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句原因狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句狀語方式狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句條件狀語從句讓步狀語從句目的狀語從句連詞ifunlessaslongas一般將來時(shí)祈使句含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)whenwhileasafterbeforeassoonassinceuntill/tillbythetime非延續(xù)性延續(xù)性的while一邊…一邊since現(xiàn)在完成過去完成時(shí)狀語從句含_______,_________,_________,________,______和___________復(fù)合句也適用主將從現(xiàn).⑶結(jié)果狀語從句:引導(dǎo)詞:________,______________和____________._________以致講時(shí)表結(jié)果,以便于講時(shí)是目的狀語從句.so/such…that往往和too…to,enoughto句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換.Exercise:1.ThisboxissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.同義句:________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Thisroomissosmallthatwecan’tliveinit.同義句:________________________________________________________________________________________________assoonaswhilebeforeafterwhensuch…thatsothatso…thatsothatuntilThisboxistooheavyformetocarry.Thisboxisn’tlightenoughformetocarry.其賓語在前面,不及物動(dòng)詞后面的介詞不要丟掉.其賓語在前面,所以不再+itThisroomistoosmallforustolivein.such…that和so…that的區(qū)別同such和so:1._________________________2.________________________________3.______________4.________________________5._______________________________.Thisroomisn’tbigenoughforustolivein.adj.+不可數(shù)n/n復(fù)數(shù)such+a/an+adj.+n單數(shù)such+so/such…that后+句子另兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)to后+(forsb.)+動(dòng)詞原形so+adj./adv.so+adj+.a/an+n單數(shù)so+many/much/few/little+n狀語從句⑷原因狀語從句:引導(dǎo)詞有:________,______,_______.回答why時(shí)必須用___________.語氣最強(qiáng)_________和______不能用于同一個(gè)句子.________既然,語氣較弱,表間接的附帶原因._______由于,語氣更弱,表顯而易見的原因.⑸讓步狀語從句:引導(dǎo)詞有:________,__________,______________________和________________________________________.___________________和_____不在同一個(gè)句子中使用,但可以和_______連用._________還可以作副詞,用在句尾.讓步狀語從句也遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則.⑹比較狀語從句:引導(dǎo)詞有:___________,______________,________________和______等.Exercise:Tomisn’tas/sohard-workingasTony.同義句:_____________________________________⑺目的狀語從句:引導(dǎo)詞有:_________和______________,可譯成目的是,以便于,為了.⑻地點(diǎn)狀語從句:引導(dǎo)詞有:__________(在…的地方)等.⑼方式狀語從句:引導(dǎo)詞有:______________(好像,似乎),_________(以…的方式)soasbecausesincebecauseeventhough/evenifnomatteralthoughthoughbecausesinceasyetbut+特殊疑問詞/特殊疑問詞everinorderthatalthough/thoughnotso/as…asas…asthesameasthoughthanTomislesshard-workingthanTony.wheresothatasif/thoughtheway一.選擇題:1._____isapity_____Ididn’tmeethimyesterday.A.That

that

B.Thisit

C.it

that2.TomcanspeakEnglishverywell,_______heisonlyfour.A.aslongas

B.although

C.asif3.Thegirlis______young________shecan’tlookafterherself.A.sothatB.suchthatC.tooto4.I

willcallyouwhenI_________theretomorrow.A.getB.willarriveat

C.willreach5.Ican’trememberallpeopleandthings_________Ihavemet.A.whichB.whoC.that6.________Igottotheparty,mostofmyfriendhadshownup.A.After

B.AssoonasC.BythetimeCBAACitis+n.+that從句,it形式主語,that從句是真正的主語,主語從句.盡管只有四歲so修飾形容詞C時(shí)間狀語從句,主將從現(xiàn)二空兒后句子,C不行過去完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志先行詞既有人又有物,引導(dǎo)詞用that7.Dalianisthebestcity________Ihavevisited.A.whichB.thatC.where8.Thefirstpersonwho_________tothelinewillgetagift.A.runB.ranC.runs9.Anotherpopularideais________Stonehengemightbeakindofcalendar.A.whatB.thatC.which10.Wedon’tbelieveitcanbechildrenplaying,______?A.doweB.doyouC.canit11.Iwonderwho_____tocampingwithme.A.youwillgoB.willgoC.gowill12.Iwonderwho_____tocampingwith?A.IwillgoB.willgoC.willIgo13.Hetoldchildrenthatthere_____fourseasonsinayear.A.wereB.wasC.areBCBCB先行詞前有最高級,引導(dǎo)詞只能用that表語從句,意思完整,that引導(dǎo)A引導(dǎo)詞who指代先行詞perpson,作主語,單數(shù)主句主語一人稱,謂語believe,否定前移,反義疑問句跟從句一致.賓語從句的主語是who,所以who后

直接+助動(dòng)詞賓語從句中who作with的賓語,who后陳述句語序客觀真理用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)C14.Iwenttomyfavoriteteaplace_______itwastwoblocksfrommyoffice.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenif15.Ijoinedtheothersoutsidetosee________wasgoingon.A.that

B.whichC.what16._______hisfathersaidmadehimthinkcarefully.A.what

B.thatC.which17.Whydon’tyouaskAlicetojoinyou______youdosomethingwithJulie?A.beforeB.eachtimeC.assoonas18._____I’mfrom,we’reprettyrelaxedabouttime.A.whereB.whenC.which19.Wesee_____manyofourfriends_______wecan.A.asasB.soasC.sothat20.Themusicbringsusbacktotheolddays_____peopletrustedeachother.A.whichB.whileC.whenCCABA即使謂語動(dòng)詞前主語從句,主語從句不完整,沒有說的內(nèi)容,填whatA動(dòng)詞后賓語從句,什么正在發(fā)生每次,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句我來自的地方,引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句盡我們所能先行詞是時(shí)間,在定語從句中作狀語,所以用whenC21._______shewasstudyingabroadinEngland,sheheardasong.A.WhenB.whileC.aslongas22.Couldyoutellme________themeetingwillbeheldtodayornot?A.whetherB.ifC.who23.Whatheneeds_______theshirtofahappypersontowear.A.isB.areC.does24.Basketballisamuch-lovedandactivesport______isenjoyedbymany.A.\B.whatC.that25.BasketballwasinventedbyadoctornamedJames,_____wasbornin1861.A.whoB.thatC.it26.Beingblindissomething_____mostpeoplecan’timagine.A.whichB.thatC.who27.Yesterdayhewenttothevillage_____hisfamilylivesbefore.A.whichB.whenC.whereBAACA過去進(jìn)行時(shí),用while主語從句,句子作主語當(dāng)三單B和whether連用引導(dǎo)詞指代先行詞sport,作定語從句的主語,不能省略非限制性定語從句,先行詞是人,用who,不用that先行詞是不定代詞,引導(dǎo)詞用that指代先行詞village,作定語從