(專升本)動(dòng)詞不定式,分詞,動(dòng)名詞

非謂語動(dòng)詞----動(dòng)詞不定式，分詞，動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)詞不定式(not)todo/tobedone(被動(dòng)形式)1.作主語Itis+形容詞/名+forsb.+todosth.Ittakessb.+時(shí)間+todosth.e.g.:ItisnecessarytotakeanumbrellainGuangzhou.Itisdifficultforustotelldirectionsintheforest.Itisgoodtotakeawalkinthemorning.Ittakesme2hourstofinishthewriting.2.作賓語主語+及物動(dòng)詞+todosthwant,hope,learn,decide,promise,forget1）她想放棄她的夢(mèng)想。giveupShewantedtogiveupherdream.2）我決定不參加那個(gè)重要的會(huì)議。decideIdecidednottoattendtheimportantmeeting.3）Sheforgottoclosethedoor.主語+think,find,feel+it+形容詞+todo注：todo可與when,which,who,what,how,where連用，放在及物動(dòng)詞之后，作賓語。

Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Johntaughtmehowtodriveacar.Thepoorchilddoesn’tknowwhereto

go.3.作賓補(bǔ)主語+advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事

allowsb.todosth.允許….persuadesb.todosth.勸說…tellsb.todosth.告訴…invitesb.todo…..邀請(qǐng)…1)Headvisedmetothinkcarefully.2)Myfriendinvitedmetojoininherparty.

4.作賓補(bǔ)（P48）

感觀動(dòng)詞

主語+hear,see,watch,notice+sb.+(to)dosth.

make,have+sb.+(to)dosth.（讓某人做某事）使役動(dòng)詞

1）Iheardhersingasong.2）Isawhimgetonthebus.3）我把這個(gè)小孩弄哭了。

Imadethebabycry.

----Thebaywasmadetocrybyme.5.做狀語（目的）,為了，以便于…

todo，inorderto，soastoIoftengetupearlyinorder

tocatchthefirstbus.Hecametotheairporttomeetme.

表示結(jié)果狀語：onlytosee,onlytofind,onlytobetold,too…to(卻看見，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)，卻被告知…)Hehurriedtotheairportonlytobetoldthattheflightwascanceled.

習(xí)慣用法主語+wouldliketodosth.想要做某事Whynot+dosth.為什么不…（提議）Youhadbetter+do你最好…prefertodosth.+（ratherthando），比起…，更喜歡做某事wouldrather+do寧愿做…分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞&過去分詞）現(xiàn)在分詞：（not）doing

過去分詞：（not）done1)作表語

主+am/is/are+doing（表性質(zhì)，特征）多修飾事物

/done（狀態(tài)）多修飾人

interesting/interested;surprising/surprisedsatisfying/satisfied;exciting/excitede.g.:Tomwas_____whenhesawme.Thenewsis_____.2)作定語，分詞作定語時(shí)，單個(gè)的分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，分詞短語一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面?，F(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行;過去分詞表被動(dòng)，完成。

developingcountrydevelopedcountrytherisingsunflyingbirds

fallenleavesburningcandle3)分詞作狀語分詞作狀語，表示時(shí)間，條件，原因，結(jié)果或者伴隨等。

主

+動(dòng)詞+賓語，現(xiàn)在分詞短語（主動(dòng)）

主

+動(dòng)詞+賓語，過去分詞短語（被動(dòng)）

e.g.:Thestudentswentintotheclassroom,______.(有說有笑)laughtalklaughingandtalkingTheteacherwentin,______bysomestudents.(follow)_____onthetopofthemountain,Ifoundthecitybeautiful.(stand)4)分詞作賓補(bǔ)

感觀動(dòng)詞，see,hear,notice,watch,使役動(dòng)詞,make,have,keep

主+感觀/使役+賓語

+doing主動(dòng),進(jìn)行

/done被動(dòng)

Ihearsomeone____inthenextroom.IheardTom_____byhisboss.Iwillhavethecomputer____.singfirerepair動(dòng)名詞：(not)doing主動(dòng)

/beingdone被動(dòng)1.動(dòng)名詞作主語：固定用法：

Itisnouse/nogood+doingItisawasteoftime+doinge.g.:Itisnousecrying.Itisawasteoftimetalkingtosuchpeople.

Swimminginsummerisawonderfulexperience.2.作表語：與不定式todo用法相同3.動(dòng)名詞作賓語主+及物動(dòng)詞

+doing

mindkeepfinishenjoyadviseavoidrememberforgetcan’thelp（忍不住）……Sheenjoys

listeningtomusic.Ihavefinishedreadingthenovel.Hecan’thelp

cryingwhenhearingthebadnews.4.必須接動(dòng)名詞的短語搭配：

lookforwardtodoing..期待做某事

befondofdoing：喜歡做某事

spend…indoingsth.花時(shí)間做某事

prevent…(from)doingsth.阻止…

havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難

1)Welookforwardtoseeingyou.2)Iamfondofplayingtennis.5.特殊動(dòng)詞

1)主語+want/need/require+doing(主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義)/tobed