B3-9-寫作樣例-單元詞匯測試-B文單詞注釋1

NHCE寫作模式隨筆[WritingAssignment]Directions:Writeacompositionofnolessthan120wordswithageneralstatementsupportedbyexamplesononeofthefollowingtopics.Onetopichasbeengivenadetailedoutlinethatyoucanfollow.WritingPractice

Generalstatement:Badhabitscanruinyourhealth.NHCE寫作模式隨筆WritingPracticeExamples:●excessivecoffeedrinking●skippingbreakfast●eatingtoomuchbeforesleep●smoking,excessivedrinkingNHCE寫作模式隨筆WritingPractice[參考范文]Badhabitcanruinyourhealth.Forexample,excessivecoffeedrinkingcanbringsideeffects.Excessivecoffeedrinkingwillstainteethandcausestomachirritation.Anotherbadhabitistoskipbreakfast,whichisverycommonamongcitydwellers.Thestomachproducesacidsduringthenight;withoutfoodinthemorning,theseacidswillirritatethestomach.NHCE寫作模式隨筆WritingPracticeWithoutbreakfast,youaremorelikelytosufferfromfatigue,anupsetstomach,oraheadache.Justtheoppositeofskippingbreakfastiseatingtoomuchbeforesleep.Thishabitwillcontributetotheproblemofbeingoverweight.Ofcourse,therearemanyotherbadhabitsthatcanharmyourhealth,suchassmokinganddrinkingtoexcess.Doctorshavebeenadvisingpeopletogetridoftheseannoyinghabitsandleadhealthierlives.Directions:ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.

TestYourself-----MultipleChoice1.Theyaresuretheyhaveallthefactstheyneedto_____theexistenceofablackhole.

A)obtain B)maintainC)display D)verify下一頁BackD)verify2.They’reinterviewingthree_____forthepostofsalesmanager.A)sponsors B)candidatesC)advocates D)opponents3.Harrywas_____byabeewhenhewascollectingthehoney.A)scratched B)bittenC)stuck D)stungTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁B)candidatesD)stungBack4.ThedoctortoldPennythattoomuch_____tothesunisbadfortheskin.A)exposure B)extensionC)exhibition D)expansion5.Youarenothelpingyourchildifyoutryto_____himfromeverydanger.A)avoid B)shadeC)shield D)concealTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁A)exposureC)shieldBack6.Ithinkweneedtoseeaninvestment_____beforewemakeanexpensivemistake.A)guide B)cashierC)consultant D)assessorTestYourself-----MultipleChoice7.Ididn’twriteit.Thatisnotmy_____onthecheque.A)signal B)symbolC)sign D)signature下一頁上一頁C)consultantD)signatureBack8.Theminister_____thelatestcrimefiguresasproofoftheneedformorepolice.A)referred B)recruitedC)cited D)imported9.Awell-writtencomposition_____goodchoiceofwordsandclearorganizationamongotherthings.A)callson B)callsforC)callsup D)callsoffTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁C)citedB)callsforBack11.Thesedecisionswillhaveavital_____ontheirattitudetowardstheWest.A)connection B)associationC)bearing D)reference10.It’stoolatetochangeyourmindnow,sothere’snopointin_____tearsoverit.A)discarding B)streaming

C)shedding D)flowingTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁C)sheddingC)bearingBack12.Thetwocountriessolvedtheirborder_____throughnegotiations.A)debate B)disputeC)argument D)quarrel13.Thecommitteeisunder_____toreachagreementbeforemidnight.A)possibility B)controlC)influence D)pressureTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁B)disputeD)pressureBack15.Governmentsmakelawsandthepolice_____them.A)compel B)compressC)enforce D)reinforce14.Thesmithsoon_____threeironshoesforthehorse.A)forged B)formedC)framed D)formattedTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁A)forgedC)enforceBack17.Herclothesweretoo_____fortheoccasion.A)relaxed B)casualC)indifferent D)flexible16.Shefellilland_____athoroughexaminationatthehospital.A)overtook B)undertookC)underwent D)withstoodTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁C)underwentB)casualBack18.Thespeakertalkedaboutsportsingeneralandaboutfootball_____.A)inbrief B)insequenceC)inshort D)inparticularTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁D)inparticular19.Incometaxratesare_____toone’sannualincome.A)related B)dependentC)based D)associatedA)relatedBack21.Youdidn’thavetowritetheessayifyoudidn’twantto.Itwas_____.A)compulsory B)suitableC)alternative D)optional20.Youareonlyallowedto_____inthefastlaneonamotorway.A)overtake B)overturnC)overrun D)overcomeTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁A)overtakeD)optionalBack23.Itismucheasiertotalkaboutsocialchangethanto_____.A)bringiton B)bringitoutC)bringitabout D)bringitup22.Sincethematterwasextremely_____,wedealtwithitimmediately.A)tough B)urgentC)tense D)instantTestYourself-----MultipleChoice上一頁B)urgentC)bringitabout下一頁Back25.Hemadeanexcellentspeech,andeverythinghesaidwastothe_____.A)sense B)meaningC)focus D)point24.Fromthisamountyouneedto_____somethingtocoverutilitybills.A)contribute B)attributeC)subtract D)contractTestYourself-----MultipleChoice上一頁C)subtractD)pointBack下一頁27.Throughouthislife,HenryMoore_____aninterestinencouragingartinthecityofLeeds.A)contained B)securedC)reserved D)maintained26.Franklin’sabilitytolearnfromobservationsandexperience_____greatlytohissuccessinpubliclife.A)contributed B)owedC)attached D)relatedTestYourself-----MultipleChoice上一頁A)contributedD)maintainedBack下一頁29.Bylaw,whenonemakesalargepurchase,heshouldhave_____opportunitytochangehismind.A)accurate B)urgentC)excessive D)adequate28.Featuressuchasheight,weight,andskincolor_____fromindividualtoindividualandfromfacetoface.A)change B)varyC)alter D)convertTestYourself-----MultipleChoice下一頁上一頁B)varyD)adequateBack30.Thequestionofsalaryincreasesishighonthe_____.A)agenda B)procedureC)schedule D)budgetTestYourself-----MultipleChoice上一頁A)agendaTHEEND2.幾年前，這家人突然遭遇不幸，現(xiàn)在還沒復(fù)原過來。2.Thefamilywasovertakenbytragedyseveralyearsago,andtheystillhaven'trecovered.1.突然遭到冰山的撞擊，泰坦尼克號游輪在第一次航行中就恒久地沉入了海底。1.Overtakenbyahugeiceberg,theluxuriousship,Titanic,

sanktothebottomoftheseaonceandforallonitsmaidenvoyage.overtake:v.1.(ofsth.unpleasant)reachsuddenlyandunexpectedly突然降臨于，意外侵襲TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints>>>more返回2.在彎道處超車是緊急的。2.It’sdangeroustoovertakeanothercaronabend.1.警車超過了超速行駛的汽車。1.Thepolicecarovertookthespeedingcar.overtake:v.2.gobeyondbybeingagreateramountordegree;comefrombehindandpass追上，趕上，超過TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints>>>more返回TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePointsovercrowdv.過度擁擠 overdov.過分

overeatv.吃得過多 overestimatev.高估

overhearv.偶然聽到 overlookv.俯視

overnightadv.整夜 overseasa.海外

oversleepv.睡過頭 overthrowv.推翻

overturnv.n.推翻 overwhelmv.壓倒over-:前綴，表示“超越”、“過度”、“太過”返回2.科學(xué)給我們的生活帶來很多變更。2.Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.1.教化是變更全世界人口狀況的惟一方法。1.Educationistheonlymethodofbringingaboutchangesinworldpopulation.bringabout:

causetohappen使發(fā)生TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints>>>more返回TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints歸納記憶：bring構(gòu)成的短語bringabout引起，產(chǎn)生，導(dǎo)致bringback把······帶回來，使復(fù)原bringdown擊落，削減，降低bringforward提出，提前bringin引入，帶進(jìn)bringout取出，顯示，出版bringup撫育，養(yǎng)大返回1.他們掙的錢僅夠牽強養(yǎng)活自己和四個孩子。1.Theybarelyearnenoughtomaintainthemselvesandtheirfourchildren.2.盡管住在不同的國家，兩個家庭仍保持著緊密的聯(lián)系。2.Despitelivingindifferentcountries,thetwofamilieshavemaintainedcloselinks.maintain:v.1.supportfinancially支撐;贍養(yǎng),撫養(yǎng)2.continuetohave;keepinexistence維持，保有TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints>>>more返回TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints

maintainpreserve

maintain側(cè)重指在數(shù)量上節(jié)約使用并不斷補充來保持，含維持現(xiàn)狀的意思，如:Hetooktheleadandmaintainedituntiltheendoftherace.(在比賽中他一直都處于領(lǐng)跑的位置。)preserve強調(diào)防止被破壞，指采取手段或方法保持某物存在或不受損，如:TheancientEgyptiansknewwaystopreservedeadbodies.(古代埃及人知道如何保存死尸。)辨析返回2.工資凹凸因州而異。2.Salaryscalesvaryfromstatetostate.1.這種藥的藥效會因個人的健康狀況、體重、性別而異。1.Theeffectsofthismedicinewillvaryaccordingtoindividualhealth,weightandsex.vary:v.(causeto)changeorbedifferent(使)不同，更改，改變TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints>>>more返回TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints

change,alter&varychange一般指本質(zhì)上的變化，即從一種物質(zhì)變?yōu)榱硪环N物質(zhì)；或有一種東西替換為另一種東西，如：Don’tstartmovinguntilthetrafficlightschangetogreen.alter強調(diào)某一細(xì)節(jié)特點或形式上的變化，而本質(zhì)不變，如：Thevillagehasn’talteredmuchsincethelasttimeIwasthere.vary指數(shù)量或是樣式發(fā)生的變化，本質(zhì)也不變化。與alter的差異在于它強調(diào)擺脫雷同，單調(diào)的重復(fù)或模仿，如：Thepricevariesaccordingtotheseason.辨析返回2.這些鳥春天向北遷徙，秋天向南遷徙。2.Thesebirdsmigratenorthwardsinspringandsouthwardsinfall.1.數(shù)百萬人因無法在鄉(xiāng)村生存而移居城市。1.Millionshavemigratedtothecitiesbecausetheycouldnotsurviveinruralareas.migrate:v.

1.

movefromoneplacetoanother移居,遷移2.(ofbirdsandfish)traveltoadifferentplace,esp.whentheseasonchanges遷徙,定期遷移;洄游TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints>>>more返回TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePointsmigratev.移居，遷移migrationn.移居，遷移immigratev.從外國移入；作為移民定居immigrationn.移居immigrantn.外來移民emigratev.移居外國或外地區(qū)emigrationn.移居外國或外地區(qū)；遷移出境emigrantn.移居外國的人migr:詞根，表示“移動”、“漂泊”返回TextB:ComprehensionGuide&LanguagePoints

insteadofinplaceof

insteadof與inplaceof的區(qū)別:前者是用甲代替乙，有對乙否定的意思，有時可譯為“不”。后者不含否定意思。比較：Inmakingthis