高三英語(yǔ)高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)系列：形副

高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)系列四形容詞和副詞.考點(diǎn)分析1、形容詞和副詞的基本用法；2、形容詞和副詞的位置；3、形容詞和副詞的級(jí)別；4、常見(jiàn)形容詞和副詞的用法比較。.形容詞的基本用法.1、形容詞的詞義問(wèn)題1：---I’mvery________withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.---Mm,itdoeshavea________smell.(2002北京)A.pleasant,pleased B.pleased,pleased C.pleasant,pleasant D.pleased,pleasantD高考中關(guān)于形容詞的詞義的題考得不少，復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)需密切關(guān)注。該句中pleased表示“感到滿意（高興）的”；pleasant表示“令人滿意（高興）的”。根據(jù)句意不難發(fā)現(xiàn)答案為D。.問(wèn)題2：Theircheerfulvoiceshowedthattheywerehavinga____discussion.(1997上海)A.noisy B.serious C.complete D.friendly問(wèn)題3：

Ifitisquite_______toyou,IwillvisityounextTuesday.（05天津卷）A.convenientB.fairC.easyD.comfortableD該句中cheerful是重要的提示詞，意為“歡快的”。noisy;serious以及complete顯然都與題義無(wú)關(guān)。是形容詞，意為“友好的”，只有它符合題義。Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.該句型意為：“某人方便（適合）做某事”；一般不說(shuō)“sb.isconvenienttodosth.”其它三個(gè)詞顯然不符合句義。A.2、后置定語(yǔ)問(wèn)題問(wèn)題4：Allthepeople_____atthepartywerehissupporters.(02北京)A.present B.thankful C.interested D.important解析：形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，要放在名詞的前邊。但是下列情況要后置：proper(本身),present(在場(chǎng)的，出席的),involved(有關(guān)的),

concerned(相關(guān)的),left(剩下的),objecting(反對(duì)的),

mentioned(提及的),selected(當(dāng)選的)等。如thestudentspresent(出席的學(xué)生)thecostinvolved(所需費(fèi)用)A.f.下列情況也要后置：

a.some,any,no,every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞的修飾語(yǔ)要后置．如：somethingnew;nothingserious;anythinginteresting

b.else修飾不定代詞和疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)，要后置。如：Nobodyelseissosillyasyouare.

c.不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，分詞短語(yǔ)，介詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)要后置。如：Doyoustillremembertheafternooninthefirstyearatcollegewhentheprofessorgaveusachemistrylesson?

d.以a-開(kāi)頭的形容詞做定語(yǔ)要后置．如：alike,alive,alone,asleep,afraid,awake…如：Heistheonlymanawakeatthattime..鞏固練習(xí)：Ican’tgetagoodpictureonmyTVset.Theremustbesomething____withit.A.bad B.matter C.thematter D.thewrong2._____totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.A.Braveenoughstudents B.EnoughbravestudentsC.Studentsbraveenough D.Studentsenoughbrave3.Thereis_____toholdthewater.A.nothingbigenough B.nothingenoughbigC.bigenoughnothing D.enoughbignothingCCA.3、以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞問(wèn)題5：Whathesaidsounds________.(1993上海)nicely B.pleasantly C.friendly D.wonderfully解析：1）大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，manly,timely,worldly(老于世故的)仍為形容詞。

改錯(cuò)：(錯(cuò)）Shesanglovely.（對(duì)）Hersingingwaslovely.

（錯(cuò)）Hespoketomeveryfriendly.

（對(duì)）Hespoketomeinaveryfriendlyway.

2）有些以-ly結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。

daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early

TheTimesisadailypaper.Itispublisheddaily.

C.多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的順序.問(wèn)題1JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa

car.（04遼寧）A．largeGermanwhite B．largewhiteGermanC．whitelargeGerman D．Germanlargewhite多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋?/p>

限定詞--數(shù)詞--描繪詞--(大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色)--出處--材料性質(zhì)，類別--名詞根據(jù)這個(gè)公式，就不難排列出：大小+顏色+出處，故選擇B。B.問(wèn)題2:This_______girlisLind’scousin.(05北京卷)A.prettylittleSpanish B.Spanishlittlepretty C.Spanishprettylittle D.littleprettySpanish問(wèn)題3：Onedaytheycrossedthe____bridgebehindthepalace.

A.oldChinesestone B.ChineseoldstoneC.oldstoneChinese D.Chinesestoneold由“限定詞--數(shù)詞--描繪詞--(大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色)--性質(zhì)--名詞”的公式可知，描繪詞+大小+出處的順序，最符合答案。根據(jù)排列順序：

大小、形狀

+年齡+顏色+來(lái)源+質(zhì)地+用途+名詞可選擇AAA.常見(jiàn)形容詞的比較.1).worth---worthy---worthwhile2)alike---like---likely3)dead---deadly---deathly4)historic---historical5)live---lively---alive---living6)possible---probable---likely7)valueless---priceless8)respectable(可敬的、高尚的)---respectful(表示敬意的)Arespectablemanisrespectfultoothers.9)healthy(健康的)---healthful(有益于健康的)Theairatseasideishealthfultous.Soallofusarehealthy..鞏固練習(xí)：TheWorldCupinFrancewasthebiggest_____footballmatchintheworld.A.alive B.live C.lively D.living2.Anyonewhohasspenttimewithchildrenknowsthedifferenceinthewayboysandgirlsrespond(反應(yīng))tothe_____situation.A.likely B.same C.alike D.similar3.It’s_____torainbutnot_____beforeevening.A.possible…probable B.probable…possibleC.possibly…probably D.probably…possiblyBDA.副詞的基本用法.問(wèn)題1：______,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless.（04上海春季）

A.Strangelyenough B.EnoughstrangelyC.Strangeenough D.Enoughstrange問(wèn)題2：

Canyoubelievethatin_____arichcountrythereshouldbe_____manypoorpeople?(1995N)A.such,suchB.such,so C.so,so D.so,suchAB副詞enough要放在形容詞和副詞的后面，形容詞enough放在名詞前后都可。A:基本句型：such+(a)+adj.+n.;so+adj.+a+n.B:such后可加各種名詞，而so后面只能加單數(shù)名詞；C:so可加many,much,few,little等，而such不能。.問(wèn)題3：

Wedon’tcareifahuntingdogsmells____,butwereallydon’twanthimtosmell_____.(1995上海)A.well,well B.bad,bad C.well,badly D.badly,bad問(wèn)題4：

Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_____tocarryallthewayhome.（03全國(guó)卷）A．muchtooheavy B．toomuchheavy C．heavytoomuch D．tooheavymuchCAsmell有雙重詞性，作“聞起來(lái)”解是系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)；作“嗅”解是形為動(dòng)詞，后接副詞。該題的干擾項(xiàng)是B，“smellsbad”表示聞起來(lái)很臭，不可能同時(shí)放入兩個(gè)空格。muchtoo是副詞，用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞；toomuch是名詞或形容詞，可單獨(dú)使用或修飾名詞。.問(wèn)題5：

Johnisverylazy.Hefalls______behindinhisstudies.(05(廣東卷)A.veryB.farC.moreD.still問(wèn)題6：—MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?—Ofcourse.Youcanneverbe

carefulwiththat.(05江西卷)A．enough B．too C．so D．veryBB副詞的修飾關(guān)系是現(xiàn)今高考的熱點(diǎn)之一，復(fù)習(xí)中應(yīng)予以足夠的重視?！癴arbehind…”表示“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地掉在后面”?！癱anneverbetoo…”是一種固定的表達(dá)方式，意為“越……就越好”.常用副詞的比較.問(wèn)題1：Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood______tohermother.(2002北京)A.close B.closely C.closed D.closing問(wèn)題2：

Wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasraining_______.(1996N)A.badly B.hardly C.strongly D.heavilyADcloseto離……近，此處close是副詞；closely表示“密切地”，與題意無(wú)關(guān)。表示“雨下得大”可用rainhard;rainheavily等，不用badly或strongly。表示“刮大風(fēng)”可用strongwind。hardly是否定詞，與句意無(wú)關(guān)。.注意下面兼有兩種形式的副詞

close與closely

close意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔細(xì)地”

Heissittingclosetome.

Watchhimclosely.late與lately

late意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”

Youhavecometoolate.

Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?3)deep與deeply

deep意思是“深”，表示時(shí)間和空間深度；deeply時(shí)常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"

Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.

Heoftenworksdeepintothenight.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm..high與highly

high表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當(dāng)于much

Theplanewasflyinghigh.

Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.5)wide與widely

wide表示空間寬度；widely意思是“廣泛地”，“在許多地方”

Heopenedthedoorwide.

Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.6)free與freely

free的意思是"免費(fèi)"；freely的意思是"無(wú)限制地"

Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.

Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike..另外注意下列各組副詞的用法區(qū)別1)just---justnow2)rather---fairly3)yet---still---already4)hard---hardly---rarely---scarcely5)sucha+adj.+n.---so+adj.+a+n.6)most---mostly---almost7)especially---specially8)everyday---everyday9)sometime---sometimes---sometime.鞏固練習(xí)：It’salwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry,_____ifyoudon’tspeakthelanguage.A.ExtremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially2.Wouldyoube_____domeafavor?A.kindenough B.sokindastoC.sokindto D.kindasto3.Theguidetoldusthathewouldorganizesomebusinessmenfromabroadtohaveatour_____thenextmonth.A.sometime B.sometimeC.sometimes D.sometimes4.Itis____thathisEnglishis_____perfect.A.sure…very B.right…ratherC.exact…fairly D.certain…quiteDBBD.形容詞和副詞的級(jí)別.

1、as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題1：Johnisthetallestboyintheclass,_______accordingtohimself.（05安徽卷）(B)A.fivefooteightastallasB.astallasfivefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallasD.astallfivefooteightas問(wèn)題2：

Whatatable!I’veneverseensuchathingbefore.Itis______itislong.（05湖北卷）A．halfnotaswideas B．widenotashalfasC．nothalfaswideas D．a(chǎn)swideasnothalfBCastallas“高達(dá)…”,fivefooteight=fivefeeteightinchesaswideas是比較，所以倍數(shù)詞應(yīng)放在前面。.說(shuō)明：1）在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中可用so…as。

Hecannotrunso/asfastasyou.

2）當(dāng)as…as中間有名詞時(shí)采用以下格式。

as+形容詞+a+單數(shù)名詞

as+many/much+名詞

Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris.

Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan..

3）用表示倍數(shù)的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在as的前面。

Thisroomistwiceasbigasthatone.

Yourroomisthesamesizeasmine..4)倍數(shù)+the+n+of<=>倍數(shù)+as+adj.+asThisbridgeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.

Thisbridgeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.

Yourroomistwiceaslargeasmine.

Yourroomistwicethesizeofmine.5)數(shù)量詞+senior/junior+toHeissevenyearsseniortohiswife.Iamthreeyearsjuniortomyeldersister..２、morethan結(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題1：－Isyourheadachegetting______?－No,it’sworse.（05全國(guó)卷3）A．better B．bad C．less D．well問(wèn)題2：

Mr.Smithowns______collectionofcoinsthananyoneelseIhaveevermet.（05山東卷）A.larger B.alarger C.thelarger D.alarge問(wèn)題3：

Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas_______thanexpected.Thereweremanyticketsleft.（04福建）A．muchsmaller B．muchmore C．muchlarger D．manymoreABA.問(wèn)題4：

Thedictionarygavemeabetterofferthan____.(1999上海)A.thatofDick’s B.Dick’s C.hegaveDick D.thoseofDick問(wèn)題5：

You’restandingtoonearthecamera.Canyoumove_____?(2000上海)A.abitfar B.alittlefartherC.abitoffarther D.alittlefar問(wèn)題6：

Inthatcase,thereisnothingyoucando______thanwait.(2001北京春季)A.more B.other C.better D.anyCBB.1）要避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。

(錯(cuò))Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.

(對(duì))Heisclevererthanhisbrother.

2）要避免將主語(yǔ)含在比較對(duì)象中。

(錯(cuò))ChinaislargerthatanycountryinAsia.

(對(duì))ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.

3）要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型，遵循前后一致的原則。

ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.

Itiseasiertomakeaplanthantocarryitout.4）程度詞abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等詞可修飾比較級(jí)。除外，還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語(yǔ)。以上詞(除byfar)外，必須置于比較級(jí)形容詞或副詞的前面。而byfar一般置于比較級(jí)之后和最高級(jí)之前。.３、ofthetwo結(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題1：

Ofthetwoshirts,I’dliketochoose_____one.(94上海)A.thelessexpensive B.themostexpensiveC.lessexpensive D.mostexpensive問(wèn)題2：

Ifthemanagerhadtochoosebetweenthetwo,hewouldsayJohnwas________choice.(95上海)A.good B.thebest C.better D.thebetter說(shuō)明：在ofthetwo結(jié)構(gòu)中，比較級(jí)前要加the，但如果不在ofthetwo結(jié)構(gòu)中，要注意冠詞的使用。后有名詞的時(shí)候，前面才有可能有冠詞。

比較：Whichislarger,CanadaorAustralia?

Whichisthelargercountry,CanadaorAustralia?

Sheistallerthanhertwosisters.

Sheisthetallerofthetwosisters.AD.4、the+最高級(jí)+比較范圍問(wèn)題1：Davidhaswonthefirstprizeinsinging;heisstillveryexcitednowandfeels________desiretogotobed.(05江蘇卷)A.themostB.moreC.worseD.theleast

問(wèn)題2：

Greenland,________islandintheworld,coversovertwomillionsquarekilometers.(2000上海)A.itisthelargest B.thatisthelargest C.isthelargest D.thelargestDD.1)形容詞最高級(jí)前必須用定冠詞the，副詞最高級(jí)前可不用。Theshortestboyrunsfastestinthe100-meterrace.形容詞most前面沒(méi)有the，不表示最高級(jí)的含義，只表示“非常”。

Itisamostimportantproblem.

=Itisaveryimportantproblem.

注意：使用最高級(jí)要注意將主語(yǔ)包括在比較范圍內(nèi)。

(錯(cuò))Tomisthetallestofhisthreebrothers.

(對(duì))Tomisthetallestofthethreebrothers.2)下列詞可修飾最高級(jí)，byfar,far,much,mostly,almost

Thishatisnearly/almostthebiggest..注意：

a.very可修飾最高級(jí)，但位置與much不同。

Thisistheverybest.Thisismuchthebest.

b.序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級(jí)。

Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.

3)句型轉(zhuǎn)換：

Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.

Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentinhisclass.

4)“否定詞語(yǔ)+比較級(jí)”，“否定詞語(yǔ)+so…as”結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)含義。

Nothingissoeasyasthis.

=Nothingiseasierthanthis.

=Thisistheeasiestthing..5、和more有關(guān)的詞組1)themore…themore…越……就越……

Theharderyouwork，thegreaterprogressyou‘llmake.

2)moreBthanA與其說(shuō)A不如說(shuō)B

lessAthanB

Heismorelazythanslowathiswork.

=Heislessslowthanlazyathiswork.

3)nomore…than…與……一樣(不)……，不比……多

TheofficialscouldseenomorethantheEmperor.

noless…than…與……一樣……

Heisnolessdiligentthanyou.

4)morethan不只是，非常

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