備考中考英語(yǔ)-時(shí)態(tài)的定義 結(jié)構(gòu) 練習(xí)

備考中考英語(yǔ)-時(shí)態(tài)的定義+結(jié)構(gòu)+練習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)-解析動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)分類謂語(yǔ)形式用法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.動(dòng)詞原形2.主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱，謂語(yǔ)加-s,-es1.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2.描述客觀真理、客觀存在或科學(xué)事實(shí)等。3.在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。---重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)-主將從現(xiàn)一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。3.用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況。一般將來(lái)時(shí)1.will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形2.begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形1.begoingto和will表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。主語(yǔ)一般是人。2.begoingto表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來(lái)肯定要發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來(lái)勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。主語(yǔ)可以是人也可以是物。3.在含有時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。4.一些表示位移的動(dòng)詞，如go,come,leave,arrive,fly,start,move等，常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞1.表示說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.與always,usually等詞連用，表示贊揚(yáng)、厭惡或不滿的情緒。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。-?？季湫汀獁as,weredoing…when….+過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：RecentlyAlreadyYetsofarFor+時(shí)間段Inthepast...Overthepasthave/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。2.表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并有可能繼續(xù)下去，常與“for+時(shí)間段”或“since＋表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段”連用。注意：1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都可表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果或表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，不和現(xiàn)在發(fā)生關(guān)系。2.終止性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但在否定句中可以和一段時(shí)間連用。過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作以前發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，它所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。2.表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始并持續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。特例清單1.在時(shí)間、條件和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：We’llhaveapicnicifitisfinenextSunday.如果下個(gè)星期日天氣晴朗，我們將去野餐。I’llcallyouassoonasIgettoBeijingtomorrow.我明天一到北京就給你打電話。2.某些表示起始、往返、出發(fā)、到達(dá)之意的動(dòng)詞，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(此時(shí)一般都有一個(gè)表示未來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ))。這類動(dòng)詞有：begin,come,go,leave,start,arrive,end,stop,open,close等。如：Themeetingbeginsat2:00p.m.tomorrow.這個(gè)會(huì)議明天下午2點(diǎn)開始。Thenexttrainleavesat7o’clockthisevening.下一列火車將在今晚7點(diǎn)離開。3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always,continually,forever等副詞連用，表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，這種用法往往表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的某種感情，如贊揚(yáng)、遺憾、討厭或不滿等。如：Therichwomanisalwayslaughingatthepoor.這個(gè)有錢的夫人總是嘲笑窮人。4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中表示短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞不能與for,since等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如與一段時(shí)間連用，要把短暫性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為意思相近的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常見的變化有：短暫性性動(dòng)詞(對(duì)應(yīng)的)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buyhaveborrowkeepopenbeopenclosebeclosedbegin/startbeoncomebeheregobetherefinishbeoverdiebedeadcatchacoldhaveacoldputonweargetupbeupwakeupawakefallasleepbeasleeplosenothavejoinbeinleavebeawayarrive/reachbe課堂練習(xí)Mydictionary________,Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill________it.A.haslost;don’tfind B.ismissing;don’tfindC.haslost;haven’tfound D.ismissing;haven’tfoundWewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe________officesoon.A.leaves B.wouldleave C.left D.hadleft—Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation;itwassonear.—Yes,ataxi________atallnecessary.A.wasn’t B.hadn’tbeen C.wouldn’tbe D.won’tbeIfcitynoises________fromincreasing,people________shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.A.arenotkept;willhaveto B.arenotkept;haveto C.donotkeep;willhaveto D.donotkeep;havetoTom________intothehousewhennoone________.A.slipped;waslooking B.hadslipped;looked C.slipped;hadlooked D.wasslipping;lookedThestudents________busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe________intheoffice.A.hadwritten;left B.werewriting;hasleftC.hadwritten;hadleft D.werewriting;hadleftWeareproudoftheachievementswe________sinceliberation.A.made B.havemade C.make D.willmakeHesayshe________thebookseveraltimesinthepastfewyears.A.hasread B.hadread C.read D.readsTheeggmustbebad.It________offaterriblesmell.A.wasgiving B.gave C.isgiving D.isgivenThetelephone________fortwominutesbeforeitwasanswered.A.hasrung B.hasbeenringing C.hadbeenringing D.ringsI________toBeijingonlyoncebefore.A.went B.havegone C.havebeen D.was—Whenareyougoingtomeethim?—AssoonasI________mydinner.A.willfinish B.finish C.amgoingtofinish D.finishesBytheendoflastweekwe________thetaskaheadoftime.A.completed B.havecompleted C.wascompleting D.hadcompletedThistimetomorrowI________toShanghai.A.willfly B.wouldfly C.amgoingtofly D.willbeflyingIcan’tgoswimmingbecauseI________myleg.A.broke B.hadbroken C.havebroken D.havebeenbrokenI’msorrybutI________thatyou________adiary.A.don’tnotice;arewriting B.don’tnotice;havewriting C.didn’tnotice;wrote D.didn’tnotice;werewritingIdidn’tknowyou________yourraincoatherewhenyou________toseemetheotherday.A.hadleft;hadcome B.hadleft;came C.left;came D.left;werecoming________becarefulwhen________yourhomework.A.Do;doing B.Do;do C.To;doing D.To;do—Areyougoingtothemeeting?—No,themeeting________untilnextMonday.A.willbeputoff B.hasbeenputoff C.willputoff D.hasputoffHeinsistedthathe________ingoodhealth.A.was B.be C.is D.wasbeingIfthedoctor________anhourearlier,theboywouldhavebeensaved.A.came B.couldcome C.shouldcome D.hadcome—Whatdoyouthink________toher?—Shemusthavelosttheticket.A.happened B.hadhappened C.willhappen D.happensDon’tbeangry,________you?A.will B.won’t C.do D.don’tIdon’tknowwhereheis.Imightknownowwherehe________hadIarrivedherealittleearlier.A.was B.is C.shouldbe D.mustbeHewrotetome________thathe________toseemeinJuly.A.said;wouldcome B.said;willcome C.saying;wouldcome D.saying;willcomeI’llwritetoyouassoonasI________.A.arrive B.willarrive C.amgoingtoarrive D.amarrivingNosooner________down________thedoorbellrang.A.hadIsat;when B.didIsat;than C.Ihadsat;before D.hadIsat;than________thisStreetandyou________there.A.Followed;willget B.Following;get C.Follow;willget D.Follow;getIfshedoesn’tvisitthedoctor,________.A.neitherwillhe B.neitherwon’the C.nordoeshe D.nordoesn’theNoone________outthecauseofthetroubleinthemachinesuntilyesterday.A.hasfound B.wasfinding C.hadfound D.wouldfindIwon’tbelieveyouuntilI________yousingthesongwithmyowneyes.A.heard B.willhear C.haveheard D.hadheardI________acoldforseveraldays.canyouhelpmegetridofit?A.have B.havehad C.hadhad D.amhavingHe________.Thepaintingwillbefinishedsoon.A.haspainted B.painted C.waspainting D.hasbeenpaintingShesaidthathe________toChengdu.A.hasneverbeen B.hadneverbeen C.willgo D.wouldsendLook!Theboyyou________intheparktheotherday________towardsus.A.met;isrunning B.hadworked C.meet;willrun D.hasmet;runsYoumustbeverytired;you________forquitealongtime.A.worked B.hadworked C.hasworked D.areworking—Havetheystartedbuildingahouseforyou?—Yes,it________now.A.isbuilding B.hasbuild C.hasstarted D.isbeingbuiltMayfifthismybirthday.I________asmallparty.A.willplan B.amtoplan C.planned D.amplanningTom________thatmostoftheguests________whenhearrivedattheparty.A.disappointed;hadleft B.hadbeendisappointed;left C.wasdisappointed;hadleft D.haddisappointed;leftHemusthavewashedtheshirt,________he?A.didn’t B.haven’t C.mustn’t D.canIdon’tknowwhenhe________,butwhenhe________Ishallletyouknow.A.comes;willcome B.willcome;comes C.comes;comes D.willcome;cameI________totheseasideuntilIwenttoHainan.A.wouldnevergo B.haveneverbeen C.didnevergo D.hadneverbeenYou’dbesorryifyou________anaccidentonthejourney.A.have B.had C.hadhad D.wouldhaveCanyouseethesignoverthere,which________:“Keepoffthegrass”A.reads B.isread C.reading D.hasreadWhenI________downthestreettheotherday,Ihappenedtonoticealeatherwalletlyingontheground.A.walking B.waswalking C.walked D.wastowalkAtthistimetomorrowGrandpa________atthetablewithus.A.sit B.sits C.issitting D.willbesittingWhathappenedwhenthey________TV？A.watched B.willwatch C.arewatching D.werewatchingLookOut!________thedog.A.Outrushes B.Outrushed C.Outisrushing D.RushedoutIwanttotryonthecoatyouboughtyesterday,where________?A.wasit B.isit C.hasitbeen D.didyouputHeisnowinAmerica.It________3yearssincehe________Wuhan.A.is;left B.is;hasbeenawayfrom C.was;hadleft D.hasbeen;hasleft________whenitbegantorain.A.Hardlydidhearrive B.Hardlyhehadarrived C.Hardlyhearrived D.Hardlyhadhearrived________asifhehadbeenillforalongtime.A.Heseemed B.Helooked C.Itlooked D.ItseemsHe________togointohospitalifhisi