小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法匯總一、這個(gè)\那個(gè)（這些\那些）1、一般陳述句含否定形式this那些）一般指較遠(yuǎn)的人或事物。this/that+is+單數(shù)，these/those+are+復(fù)數(shù)Thisisapear. Thisisnotapear.ThisisanEnglishstorybook. ThisisnotanEnglishstorybook.Thisisournewmathsteacher. Thisisnotournewmathsteacher.Thatisadesk. Thatisnotadesk.Thatishispen.Thatisnothispen.Theseareherbooks. Thesearenotherbooks.Thosearesomesausages. Thosearenotanysausages.Thosearemyclassmates. Thosearenotmyclassmates2、一般疑問(wèn)句及回答bethis/that,these/those。Isthisanapple? Yes,itis. No,itisn`t.It`sapear.Isthatadesk? Yes,itis. No,itisn`t.It`satable.Isthisyournewmathsteacher? Yes,sheis. No,sheisn`t.SheisourChineseteacher.Aretheseherbooks? Yes,theyare. No,theyaren`t.Arethoseyourclassmates? Yes,theyare. No,theyaren`t.3、特殊疑問(wèn)句What`s(Whatis)that? It`saneggWhatarethose? Theyaresomebooks.What`s近處)/that（遠(yuǎn)處）inEnglish? It`s可數(shù)名詞單.What`sthisinEnglish?It’sagiraffe.What`sthatinEnglish?It’saseal.What`sthese(近處)/those（遠(yuǎn)處）inEnglish？They`re+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)WhataretheseinEnglish?horses.WhatarethoseinEnglish?sheep.Who`sthat?SheisourChineseteacher.4、其他：this/thatthese/those+復(fù)數(shù)例如：Iwanttoseethose .A.hippo B.ahippo C.hippos二“有“存在（e be）1、一般陳述句含否定形式Therebe句型是英語(yǔ)中常用句型，意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。there+is+單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名稱，there+are+復(fù)數(shù)Thereisaflowerinthebottle.Thereisn`taflowerinthebottle.Thereissomebreadinthefridge.Thereisn`tanybreadinthefridge.Therearetwokitesinthelivingroom.Therearethirty-eightstudentsinmyclass.Therearesomechildreninthepicture.Therearen`tanychildreninthepicture.若句子中有幾個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，be的形式要與離其最近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致Thereisanarmchair,twosofasandthreekitesinthelivingroom.Therearetwochairs,adeskandacomputerinthestudy.Therearetenstudentsandateacherintheoffice.2、一般疑問(wèn)句：把be提到there前，首字母大寫(xiě)，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)即可。Isthereaflowerinthebottle. Yes,thereis. No,thereisn`t.AretheretwocatsinthetreeYes,thereare. No,there3、特殊疑問(wèn)句：名詞howmany+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+arethere+其它?"Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass? There’reforty.howmanytreesarethereinyourgarden?There`reonehundred.Howmanydaysarethereinaweek?Thereareseven.Whatarethey? They’reSunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,FridayandSaturday.What’s inthestudy?Thereis adesktwochairs,andacomputerinthestudy.be”動(dòng)詞、、is）1、一般陳述句含否定形式+名詞表示“是“或+形容詞表示狀態(tài)性質(zhì)+名詞表示“是“或+形容詞表示狀態(tài)性質(zhì)I是am，you是are，復(fù)數(shù)形式也寫(xiě)are,is就是單個(gè)他。第三人稱單數(shù)+is，I+am，其他+are第三人稱單數(shù)：he\she\it\Tom\Lucy\yourmather\boy\girl\dog…其他:you\we\they\boys\TomandLucy…I`mastudent. I`mnotastudent.Youareaworker. Youaren`taworker.Youareworks.TheyarefromAmerica.TomandMikearetwinbrothers.Mymotherandauntarebothactresses.Heisanactress. Heisn`t anThegirlisverybeautiful.Yourmumisareporter.2、一般疑問(wèn)句：bebeAreyouadoctor? Yes,I`m. No，I`mIsittall? Yes,itis. No，itisn`t.Arethosesheepverywhite? Yes,theyare.No,theyaren`t.3、特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)代詞+（名詞）+一般疑問(wèn)句Whereareyoufrom? I’mfromBeijing.Howoldareyou? I`mten.Howoldisthegirl? She`snine.Whatarethey? Theyaresomepork.Whatdayistoday? WednesdayWhat’shisname? HisnameisJack.WhereisTomfrom? He`sfromBeijing.Who`sthatboy?He`smyclassnate.四、人或動(dòng)物的“有”1、一般陳述句含否定形式have/has表?yè)碛校小皳碛小敝饽阌形矣写蠹矣?兩種形式有不同，男他女她動(dòng)物它，張三李四單個(gè)他，他們后面寫(xiě)has；其他形式跟have。第三人稱單數(shù)+has，其他(你、我、復(fù)數(shù)形式)+have第三人稱單數(shù)：he\she\it\Tom\Lucy\yourmather\boy\girl\dog…其他:I\you\we\they\boys\TomandLucy…I haveanewteacher.HernameisMissWang.I don`t have anewteacher.Wehavefourlessonsinthemorning.Thegiraffeshavelongnecks.Thegiraffehasalongneck.Thatgirlhaslonghairandbigeyes.Thatgirldoesn`thavelonghairandbigeyes.Shehasbreakfastatseven.2、一般疑問(wèn)句：句前加Do,后加問(wèn)號(hào)，主語(yǔ)是三單，句前加Does,動(dòng)詞改have。Doyouhavearuler?Yes,Ido. No,Idon't.Doyouhavebigeyes? Yes,Ido.DoesLucyhaveatwinsister?Yes,shedo. No,shedoesn't.3、特殊疑問(wèn)句：HowmanypensdoyouWehaveseventypensHowmanylessonsdoyouhaveinthemorning? WehaveWhatarethey? They`remaths，Chines,PEandart.WhendoyouhavePElessons?WehavePElessonsonMondayandTuesday.HowmanybooksdoesTomhave？Hehastwelvebooks.五、一般動(dòng)詞的使用：1、一般陳述句含否定形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)在一個(gè)動(dòng)詞一般主語(yǔ)加動(dòng)原，三單動(dòng)詞加個(gè)s第三人稱單數(shù)+動(dòng)詞S，其他+動(dòng)原IcomefromBritain. Idon`tcomefromBritain.WeliveonBrownStreet. Wedon`t liveonBrownStreet.TheyhelpChinesechildrenintheirwork.Theydon`thelpChinesechildrenintheirwork.Shesingsverywell. Shedoesn`tsingverywell.Shelookspretty.Theirfatherlikesshopping.Theirfatherdoesn`tlikeshopping.I like+doing.有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞之間加toIwanttobeapostman.Hewantstogotothezoo.Whereshallwego?Wewanttogotothezoo.其他：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：表示”將要”主語(yǔ)+will+動(dòng)原I`llgoswimming.I`llgotomysciencelessononSunday.WillyougofishingonThursday? Yes,Iwill. No,I`llWhatwillyoudothisSaturday? I`llgoshopping.Wouldyoulike…?（你想要……）Wouldyoulikesomericeandchicken? Yes,please.Thankyou.No,thanks.Whatwouldyoulikesomebreadandsausages.Wouldyouliketotakeatrip? Yes,Iwould.No,Iwouldn`t.Wouldyouliketo+動(dòng)詞原形二、一般疑問(wèn)句句前加Do,后加問(wèn)號(hào)，主語(yǔ)是三單，句前加Does,動(dòng)詞改原型。Do+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)原？，Does+三單+動(dòng)原？Doyoulikeplayingfootball? Yes,Ido.No,Idon`t.DoyoulikeEnglish? Yes,verymuch.DoesLucylikedrawingverymuch? Yes,shedoes.Noshedoesn`t.三、特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)代詞+（名詞）+一般疑問(wèn)句Whatsubjectdoyoulike?IlikePE,artandEnglish.Whatsubjectdoyoulikebest？IlikePEbest.WhatdoyoudoinanEnglishclass? Wewrite,speak,singanddance.Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?WeWheredoyoulive?IliveonPurpleStreet.Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture?Whatdoesyourbrotherwanttobeinthefuture?六、賓格和所有格主人邀請(qǐng)賓客，主格就像主人，賓格就像賓客。主格在動(dòng)詞前面（句首，賓格在動(dòng)詞或介詞后面（居中，所有格后面有東西。顧名思義，主格用作主語(yǔ)，賓格用作賓語(yǔ)，所有格則表示所有之物。Sheismysister.What’shisjob? He’sadoctor.Weloveourmotherandfatherandtheyloveus.Lookattoday`snewspaper.Weshouldlearnfromhim(he)Isyourbrotheraworker?Tom’suncleissohandsome.Who’stheman? He`smyuncle.What’shername?HernameisLucy.Itstailisverylong.Letmeintroducemyparents.Let`s(Letus)gotoschool.七、單復(fù)數(shù)：名詞 可數(shù)名詞 單數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞只有可數(shù)名詞才有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。一、絕大多數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，是在該詞末尾加上后輟-s。例：friend→friends;cat→cats;