最新高考英語(yǔ)任務(wù)型閱讀試題(含答案)

最新高考英語(yǔ)任務(wù)型閱讀試題（含答案）一、高中英語(yǔ)任務(wù)型閱讀1．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThePandaAntisamostunusualspecieswithalovelyappearance.eylooklikeantsbutactuallytheybelongtothewasp（黃蜂）family.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwosexesofthespeciesarealsoverypronouncedinbothappearanceandbehavior.Whenfullygrown,themale,possiblyattainingalengthofapproximately0.8centimeters,isseveraltimeslargerthanthefemale.Cuteaspandaantsmaylook,theyaredangerousandcapableofknockingoutananimalmuchlargerthantheyarewithafewstings（刺）.Pandaantsprimarilydependonflowerssweetliquidastheirfood._________Thefemalepandaantoftenlaysitseggsinabeeorwaspnest.Whentheyoungones.hatch,theywilleattheirpupa（蛹）hosts.Soalthoughafemalepandaantlaysapproximately2,000eggsayear,aconsiderableamountofeggstosupporttheirsurvival,thisspeciesisstillontheedgeofdyingout.ThisspecieswasfirstdiscoveredinthecoastalregionofCentralChilein1938.Today,theyarelikelytobefoundindrydesertandsandyareassuchasSouthwesternUnitedStatesandpartsofMexico.It'sanewfashiontoraisepandaantsaspets.Thenamecomesfromtheircolorsaspandas.Yetyoungpandaantsaremeat-eaters.Noonebelievesthepandaantistherelativeofbees.Besides,themalesareactiveatnightwhilethefemalesopposite.Unfortunately,manypandaantsareeatenfortheirbrightcolors.Thenlittleattentionwasgiventoituntilrecently.【答案】B；E；C；F；G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普類短文閱讀。文章主要介紹了一種非常不尋常的物種——熊貓螞蟻。It'sanewfashiontoraisepandaantsaspets把熊貓作為寵物飼養(yǎng)是一種新的時(shí)尚。Thenamecomesfromtheircolorsaspandas這個(gè)名字來(lái)自熊貓的顏色。Yetyoungpandaantsaremeat-eaters然而，年輕的熊貓螞蟻是食肉動(dòng)物。Noonebelievesthepandaantistherelativeofbees沒(méi)有人相信熊貓螞蟻是蜜蜂的親戚。Besides,themalesareactiveatnightwhilethefemalesopposite.此外，雄性在夜間活動(dòng)，而雌性則相反。Unfortunately,manypandaantsareeatenfortheirbrightcolors.不幸的是，許多熊貓螞蟻因?yàn)轷r艷的顏色而被吃掉。Thenlittleattentionwasgiventoituntilrecently直到最近，對(duì)它的關(guān)注很少。（1）根據(jù)前句ThePandaAntisamostunusualspecieswithalovelyappearance.可知這里來(lái)解釋熊貓螞蟻名字的由來(lái)。故選B。（2）根據(jù)前句Whenfullygrown,themale,possiblyattainingalengthofapproximately0.8centimeters,isseveraltimeslargerthanthefemale.可知，這里繼續(xù)講雄蟻與雌蟻的區(qū)別。故選E。（3）根據(jù)前句Pandaantsprimarilydependonflowerssweetliquidastheirfood.中的關(guān)鍵詞food可知，這里接著前句敘述小熊貓螞蟻的食物。故選Co（4）根據(jù)后句Soalthoughafemalepandaantlaysapproximately2，000eggsayear,aconsiderableamountofeggstosupporttheirsurvival,thisspeciesisstillontheedgeofdyingout.中關(guān)鍵詞supporttheirsurvival和theedgeofdyingout可知，許多熊貓螞蟻被吃。故選F。（5）根據(jù)前句ThisspecieswasfirstdiscoveredinthecoastalregionofCentralChilein1938.可知，直到最近才引起人們的注意。故選Go【點(diǎn)評(píng)】七選五的答案選項(xiàng)較少并且給出的都是句子，因此，我們可以通過(guò)句子的完整性或句子但后面的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來(lái)判斷該句在我在中的位置。另外通過(guò)閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出跟其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)不同意思的句子，就可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。2．任務(wù)型閱讀Perhapsatonepointintime,itwasacceptabletostartanyletterore-mailwith“ToWhomItMayConcern.”Startingyourcoverletterore-mailforajobthiswaymightgiveofftheimpressionthatyoudidn'tdoyourresearchonwhoyou'rewritingtoAfterall,peoplewhoaddressotherpeoplebytheirnameswhenwritingandspeakingtothemtendtobemorepleasant.Itcanbeusedinlettersofrecommendationorreference,formalcomplaints（抱怨）madetoacompany,lettersofintroduction,andlettersofinterest.Grammarlyusestheexampleofneedingtowritealetterofrecommendation,foracolleaguewhowillhavetomakeseveralcopiestodistributetointerviewers“Inmostcases,though,trytonarrowyourfocusratherthancastabroadnet,”notesGrammarly.”Askyourself.Whodoesthise-mailconcern?Ifyoucanhonestlyanswer'Anyone,'thenfeelfreetouse“ToWhomItMayConcern.”（Thesearethethingsyoushouldneversayinyourcoverletter）.Ifyoudohappentofindthatusing“ToWhomItMayConcern”isappropriate,don'tmakegrammarmistakes,forexample,lettersorpunctuation.However,itmaybeinteresting.Thosetimeshavechanged,though.Makingmistakesinwritingwillsurelygetyoulowscores.It'salsoveryimpersonal,whichsomeemployersmightnotappreciate.Inthatcircumstance,sendingandreceivinglettersismoreofaformalgreeting.Youmightwanttotakenoteofothercommonerrorsyoumightbecommitting,too.ButaccordingtoGrammarly,therearefourtimeswhenit'sOKtousethisgreeting.【答案】B；D；G；E；F【解析】【分析】本文為應(yīng)用文?，F(xiàn)在寫求職信與過(guò)去不同了。不寫具體稱呼會(huì)讓收信的人不舒服的，通用稱呼只有幾種場(chǎng)合才能用。如果要用這種的話，也要注意別犯一些常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。（1）考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本句主要根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)判斷?？涨笆且话氵^(guò)去時(shí)，講的是寫信用通用稱呼，而不是具體稱呼在過(guò)去是可接受的?？蘸笫且话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在最好要稱呼具體，否則會(huì)讓人不喜歡。由此可推斷出空前后是今昔對(duì)比，有所不同的。分析選項(xiàng)可知，B項(xiàng)（Thosetimeshavechanged,though.然而，那些時(shí)代已經(jīng)改變了）?？芍项}意。過(guò)去的那種現(xiàn)象已不適合現(xiàn)在了，會(huì)留下不好的印象。故答案選Bo（2）考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容：用這樣的方式（沒(méi)寫收信人的名字）寫求職信或電子郵件可能會(huì)給你留下一個(gè)印象，那就是你沒(méi)有對(duì)你要寫的東西做任何研究?？蘸螅寒吘箤懶欧Q呼他們的名字可能會(huì)更令人高興。由此可推斷出如果沒(méi)寫收信人的名字，可能會(huì)讓人不喜歡。分析選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)（這也是非常客觀的，有些老板可能不欣賞）放入句中“如果寫求職信時(shí)不寫稱呼可能會(huì)讓人不喜歡。畢竟有稱呼才會(huì)讓人高興”，句意是通順的。故答案選Do（3）考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容：它可以用在推薦信或證明信、對(duì)公司提出的正式投訴、介紹信和感興趣的信件中?？芍糜谒姆N場(chǎng)合。分析選項(xiàng)可知，G項(xiàng)（ButaccordingtoGrammarly,therearefourtimeswhenit'sOKtousethisgreeting）但是根據(jù)Grammar"的說(shuō)法，使用這個(gè)問(wèn)候語(yǔ)有四次，可知本句中正好是可用于四種場(chǎng)合，且選項(xiàng)G項(xiàng)與本段有意思及詞（use）的復(fù)現(xiàn)。因此符合題意，故答案選Go（4）考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力?？涨埃簩?duì)于一個(gè)必須復(fù)制幾份推薦信發(fā)給不同的面試官的同事為例。由此可知寫的求職信，要用正式用語(yǔ)。分析選項(xiàng)，可知E項(xiàng)（Inthatcircumstance,sendingandreceivinglettersismoreofaformalgreeting.）在這種情況下，發(fā)送和接收信件更多的是正式的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)，符合題意，放入文中符合題意，故答案選Eo（5）考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容don'tmakegrammarmistakes,forexample,lettersorpunctuation.不要犯語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，例如字母或標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，這是常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。分析選項(xiàng)，可知卩項(xiàng)（你可能會(huì)留意這些常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤）與之有句意的重疊。放入句中，檢驗(yàn)可知，文中之意是在寫信時(shí)，不要犯一些常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，如拼寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，也許你正在犯的錯(cuò)誤。通過(guò)檢驗(yàn)，推斷出F項(xiàng)符合題意，故答案選Fo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】七選五解題步驟如下：步驟一：快速瀏覽一遍七個(gè)備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。步驟二：快速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。步驟三：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。步驟四：注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。步驟五：區(qū)分相似項(xiàng)；步驟六：用代入法，檢查答案是否合理。3．任務(wù)型閱讀Manypeoplethinkonlyprofessionals—engineers,accountants,teachers,etc.—havecareers.Evenifyou'veneverhadapaidjob,youstillhaveacareer.Yourcareeristhesumofyourlifeandwork.Itincludesallyouractivitiesandexperiences.Yourschooling,yourvolunteerwork,andevenyourrelationshipswithyourfamilyareallbigpartsofyourcareer.Duringyourcareer,youwillhaveavarietyofjobs,occupationsandroles.Peopleusedtothinkofajobasfull-time,permanent,paidworkdoneforanemployerataworksite.Butinourchangingworld,ajobisasetofdutiesortasks.ItcanbepaidorunpaidEvensomeonewhoisself-employedhasajob.Anoccupationisagroupofjobswithsimilarresponsibilitiesthatrequireacommonsetofskills.Programmersmayhavepermanentortemporaryjobsworkingforspecificemployers,beself-employed,workfull-timeorpart-time,bepaidfortheirworkorvolunteertheirservices.Theymaychangejobsorholdseveraljobsatonetimebut,untiltheychangethetypeofdutiesortaskstheyperform,theyarestillcomputerprogrammers.Weallplayanumberofrolesinourlivesandourrolesoftenchangeovertime.Forexample,Krisworksfourdaysaweekasareceptionistinaclinicandtakeseveningcoursesinsocialwork.Shealsosewsgymnasticwearforherneighborwhosellsitatsummermarkets.NowKrishasatleastthreeroles.Aroleisapartyouplay.Actuallyeveryonehasacareer.Inotherwords,yourcareerisyourlifestory.Forexample,computerprogrammerisanoccupation.Asamatteroffact,ajobisdifferentfromaroleinsomeway.Itcanbecompletedataworksite,athome,orsomewhereelse.Thefollowingisaboutyourwork,yourfamily,andyourlifestory.【答案】b；c；f；d；a【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了我們每個(gè)人都有一份職業(yè)，其實(shí)我們的職業(yè)就是我們的生活和工作的總和。根據(jù)后句Evenifyou'veneverhadapaidjob,youstillhaveacareer.可知，事實(shí)上，每個(gè)人都有一份職業(yè)。故答案選B。根據(jù)前句Yourschooling,yourvolunteerwork,andevenyourrelationshipswithyourfamilyareallbigpartsofyourcareer可知，所有的一切都是你的職業(yè)。故答案選C。根據(jù)前句Butinourchangingworld,ajobisasetofdutiesortasks.Itcanbepaidorunpaid.和后句Evensomeonewhoisself-employedhasajob.可知，它可以在工作地點(diǎn)、家里或其他地方完成。故答案選F。根據(jù)前句Anoccupationisagroupofjobswithsimilarresponsibilitiesthatrequireacommonsetofskills.和后句Programmersmayhavepermanentortemporaryjobsworkingforspecificemployers,beself-employed,workfull-timeorpart-time,bepaidfortheirworkorvolunteertheirservices.可知，計(jì)算機(jī)程序員是一份職業(yè)。故答案選D。根據(jù)后句Weallplayanumberofrolesinourlivesandourrolesoftenchangeovertime.可知，我們?cè)谏钪卸及缪葜S多角色，并且我們的角色隨著時(shí)間而改變。故答案選Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】1．理清句際間意義的關(guān)系：文章的內(nèi)容是根據(jù)各層各段的大意有機(jī)地組合而成，各個(gè)層次，各個(gè)段落之間不管怎樣錯(cuò)落有致，但它所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容都是要圍繞中心的，各句之間都有一定的語(yǔ)脈，從邏輯意義上來(lái)看，語(yǔ)段的句際關(guān)系可分為平列、順序、層遞、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果等關(guān)系。構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的各個(gè)句子之間有時(shí)可以包含一種以上的句際關(guān)系。因此，理解閱讀材料時(shí)一定要把握語(yǔ)脈，理清句際間的關(guān)系，進(jìn)而理解語(yǔ)段或全文的內(nèi)容。2．找出句子之間的連接性的詞語(yǔ)：文章的語(yǔ)句間的組合，除了從語(yǔ)句間的意義關(guān)系分析外，還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語(yǔ)來(lái)把握，因?yàn)檫B接性詞語(yǔ)能表明這個(gè)語(yǔ)段句與句之間、層與層之間的基本關(guān)系有承接關(guān)系。4．任務(wù)型閱讀Shouldschoolchildrenhavejobs?Nowatschool,thelastthingyouprobablywanttodoisspendyourweekendsgoingtowork.ThereishomeworktodoandsporttoplayWhenIwasateenagerIhadaSaturdayjobinasupermarket:stacking（擺放）shelvesandworkingatthecheckout.TodayintheUKyouareallowedtoworkfromtheageof13,andmanychildrendotakeuppart-timejobsTeenagersagreethatitteachesvaluablelessonsaboutworkingwithadultsandalsoaboutmanagingyourmoney.So,that'snobadthing!SomeresearchhasshownthatnottakingonaSaturdayorholidayjobcouldbeharmfultoapersonlateron.Butdespitethis,recentstatisticshaveshownthatthenumberofschoolchildrenintheUKwithapart-timejobhasfallenbyafifthinthepastfiveyears.Probablynot.Someexpertsfeelthatyoungpeoplefeelgoingouttoworkwillaffecttheirperformanceatschool,andtheyareundermorepressurenowtostudyhardandgetgoodexamresults.However,GeoffBarton,generalsecretaryoftheAssociationofSchoolandCollegeleaders,toldBBCNews“Properlyregulatedpart-timeworkisagoodwayofhelpingyoungpeoplelearnskillsthattheywillneedintheirworkinglives”.Inreality,it'sallaboutgettingtherightbalancebetweendoingpart-timeworkandhavingenoughtimetostudyandrest.One13yearoldgirlcalledRachel,whohasaSaturdayjobinashop,toldtheBBCthat“IenjoymyjobbecauseI'mearningmoneyandithelpsincreasemyconfidenceinspeakingtopeopleandsocializingwithpeopleIworkwith.”ThatseemslikesomethingworthgettinguponaSaturdaymorningDoyoudoapart-timejobwhenyouareatschool?Soyouarenotfreetodowhatyouarefeelinglikedoing.Itisawasteoftimeanddoesnogoodtoyourcareerprospect.It'sawasteofindependenceandausefulthingtoputonyourCV（簡(jiǎn)歷）.DoesthismeanthatBritishteenagers?Arenowmoreafraidofhardwork?Butyourparentsprobablypersuadeyoutofindajobandgetsomelifeexperience.Manyyoungpeopleactuallywanttoworkbecauseitgivesthemasenseoffreedom.【答案】F；D；E；G；A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，對(duì)學(xué)童是否應(yīng)該有工作這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了討論。⑴考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后“WhenIwasateenagerIhadaSaturdayjobinasupermarket:stacking（擺放［shelvesandworkingatthecheckout.”當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候我在超市有一個(gè)星期六的工作：擺放貨架和做結(jié)帳工作。我就是在父母的說(shuō)服下去做工作的，可知上文：但你的父母可能會(huì)說(shuō)服你找份工作并獲得一些生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選F。⑵考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后“TodayintheUKyouareallowedtoworkfromtheageof13,andmanychildrendotakeuppart-timejobs”今天，在英國(guó)，你被允許從13歲開(kāi)始工作，許多孩子確實(shí)從事兼職工作?？芍挛模核ê⒆訌氖录媛毠ぷ鳎┍环旁谀愕暮?jiǎn)歷里也是一件有用的事情。因?yàn)橄挛闹械膇t是指上文提到的“孩子從事兼職工作”，故選D。(3)考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后“Probablynot.”“可能不是”就是對(duì)上文“這是否意味著英國(guó)青少年現(xiàn)在更害怕艱苦的工作？”的一個(gè)回答。即：可能不是害怕艱苦工作，而是學(xué)業(yè)壓力太重了。故選E?？疾閷?duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后“IenjoymyjobbecauseI'mearningmoneyandithelpsincreasemyconfidenceinspeakingtopeopleandsocializingwithpeopleIworkwith.”我掙錢，有助于提高我與人交談和社交的信心。可知上文：許多年輕人實(shí)際上想工作，因?yàn)檫@給了他們一種自由感。可以用自己的錢做自己想做的事，還能自由交流。故選G?？疾閷?duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。在文章結(jié)尾處用一句疑問(wèn)句“你在學(xué)校做兼職工作嗎？”對(duì)本段主題“對(duì)學(xué)童是否應(yīng)該有工作這個(gè)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)討論”作為結(jié)尾，希望獲得更多的信息。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。5．Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.TheNorthStarAmongthepileofstarsintheuniverse,thereareacouplethatareofgreatimportancetopeopleonEarth.Thesun,ofcourse,isoneofthem.TheotherisknownasPolaris,theNorthStar.Therefore,itisagreatcompass(扌旨南針).WhenpeopleinthenorthernpartofEarthlooktowardPolaris,theycanbecertainthattheyarefacingnorth.ThepermanenceofPolarisinthenorthskyhashelpedcountlesspeoplefindtheirdestinations.Beforetheinventionofmodernnavigationtools,sailorsreliedonPolaris.Fromthetopoftheirships,sailorswouldlookforPolaristofigureouttheirplaceatsea.Theyfiguredouttheanglebetweenthestarandthehorizontodeterminetheirlatitude(緯度).Aslongastheequationswerenotwrong,theresultswereveryreliable.PolarisalsoletsailorsdetermineNorth,South,East,andWest.Tothosewhosailatnight,changeablestormsanddarkcloudsweremorethanannoyingthings.It'spossibleforacaptaintomakeanaccidentalwrongturn.Theshipcouldbecomestrandedatsea,andthefrustratedcaptainwouldhavenowaytogettheshipbackontherightcourse.Thesailor'sfearswouldn'tberelieveduntilthecloudsclearedandPolariscamebackintoview.Eventoday,sailorssometimeschoosetosteerbyusingPolarisonclearnights.TheBigDipper,aconstellationthatiswellknowninastrology,appearstorevolvearoundPolaris.ThehandleoftheBigDipperalwayspointstotheNorthStar.Whenpeoplegetlost,it'scomfortingtoknowthattheirproblemscanberelievedbylookingatthesky.It'snotdifficulttotellthePolarisapartfromthepileofotherstarsintheuniverse.PeoplewhoarelostcanberelievedbygazingupatPolaris.Byknowingdirectionsandtheirlocation,sailorscouldeasilysteertheirships.TheycoulddestroyentirejourneysbyblockingtheviewofPolaris.It'scertainthatthePolarisispartofaconstellation星座)，whichisnotfarfromit.Itisspecialbecauseitistheonlystarthatalwaysappearstobeinthesameplaceinthesky.【答案】F；C；D；A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹北極星對(duì)我們的作用和意義?？疾閷?duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后"Therefore,itisagreatcompass(指南針).”可知，因此是一個(gè)很好的指南針，講述北極星的作用，F(xiàn).Itisspecialbecauseitistheonlystarthatalwaysappearstobeinthesameplaceinthesky.“北極星特殊之處在于它似乎總在天空的同一個(gè)位置，"故可以用作指南針，切題，故選F?？疾閷?duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前“PolarisalsoletsailorsdetermineNorth,South,East,andWest:”可知，北極星可以幫助水手確定東南西北方向,C.Byknowingdirectionsandtheirlocation,sailorscouldeasilysteertheirships.“確定方向和位置之后，就可以調(diào)整航線”，切題，故選Co(3)考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前“Tothosewhosailatnight,changeablestormsanddarkcloudsweremorethanannoyingthings.”可知，對(duì)于夜間航行的人來(lái)說(shuō)，變幻莫測(cè)的風(fēng)暴和黑云是最讓人頭疼的，D.TheycoulddestroyentirejourneysbyblockingtheviewofPolaris.“這些東西可以通過(guò)遮蔽北極星讓整個(gè)航線變得困難重重'，緊接前一句，切題，故選Do(4)考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后"TheBigDipper,aconstellationthatiswellknowninastrology,appearstorevolvearoundPolaris.”可知，北斗七星似乎總是圍繞著北極星運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，A.It'snotdifficulttotellthePolarisapartfromthepileofotherstarsintheuniverse."不難區(qū)分北極星和其他星星"，后文講述北極星的特別之處，切題，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。6.閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。Oneoutofmanyimportantthingsforthewholefamilytodoistohavedinnertogether.Researchersbeganreportingthebenefitsoffamilydinneraboutadecadeago,focusingmainlyonhowitaffectschildren.Studiesshowthatthosefamilieswhoeatdinneratleast3or4timesaweektogether,benefitinmanyways.Eatingtogetherhelpsfamiliesachieveopencommunicationandbuildstrongerandhealthierrelationships.Childrenhavebettergradesatschoolandarebetteradjustedasteensandadults,andtheentirefamilyenjoyshealthiernutrition.Formanyfamilies,eatingdinnertogetherprovestobeagoodandeffectivewaytoreducetheriskofyouthratesofaddiction,andhelpstonurturehealthierchildren.Itisalsoagreattimetosharetheeventsoftheday,discussnewsandideasandjustbetogetherandenjoyeachother'scompany.Duringdinnertimeparentshavebetteropportunitytoshowthattheyarethepriortotheirchildren.Sittingatthesametableandsharingmealsiswhereandwhenparentscanfindoutmoreabouttheirchildren'sschoolperformance,dailyactivitiesandattitudestowardlife.Whenparentshaveallthisinformationtheycanbetterdirecttheirkidstowardpositivethingsinlife.Theyalsohavebetterchancetoreducethepossibilitythatchildrenwillgetinvolvedwithalcohol,tobacco,andillegaldrugs.However,familyresearcherssaythatthebenefitsoffamilydinnerbynomeanscanbeconsideredasautomatic.Parentscansitdowntodinnerwiththeirkidseverydayandachievenothing.Familydinnermaynotbenefitifthereistoomucharguinggoingon,ifthereisnomeaningfulconversationor,whatisevenworse,ifthereisjustplainsilenceduringgathering.（1）Whatmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?（nomorethan8words）（2）Whatbenefitscanchildrengetfromeatingtogether?（nomorethan15words）（3）Howdoyouexplaintheunderlinedword"nurture"inParagraph2?（nomorethan2words）（4）Whatinformationcanparentsprobablygetabouttheirchildrenatfamilydinner?（nomorethan15words）（5）Whatshouldbeavoidedatthedinnertableaccordingtotheauthor?Andwhy?（nomorethan15words）【答案】（1）TheBenefitsofEatingTogether/TheBenefitsofFamilyDinner/FamilyDinnerBringsLotsofBenefits.（2）Theyhavebettergradesatschoolandarebetteradjustedwhentheyareolder./Childrencancommunicatewiththeirparentsandenjoytheircompany.（3）Raise./Bingup./Educate.（4）Theycanlearnmoreabouttheirchildren'sschoolperformance,dailyactivitiesandattitudestowardlife.（5）Silence.Becausewithoutcommunicationnoonecangetanybenefitatthedinnertable./Quarreling.Becauseitbringsaboutabadatmospherethatbenefitsnoone./Meaninglessconversation.Becauseitdoesnotbringanybenefittoanyone.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論述了父母和孩子一起吃飯的好處，一起吃飯有助于家庭實(shí)現(xiàn)開(kāi)放交流，建立更緊密和更良好的關(guān)系，父母通過(guò)一起吃飯可以更加了解孩子的變化。但同時(shí)沉默、爭(zhēng)吵以及無(wú)意義的談話應(yīng)當(dāng)在聚餐時(shí)避免。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Studiesshowthatthosefamilieswhoeatdinneratleast3or4timesaweektogether,benefitinmanyways.”以及文章內(nèi)容可知主要為講述家人聚在一起吃飯的各種好處。故答案為TheBenefitsofEatingTogether/TheBenefitsofFamilyDinner/FamilyDinnerBringsLotsofBenefits.（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Childrenhavebettergradesatschoolandarebetteradjustedasteensandadults”可知在一起吃飯的孩子們?cè)趯W(xué)校有更好的成績(jī)，在青少年和成年人中更容易適應(yīng)；以及"Itisalsoagreattimetosharetheeventsoftheday,discussnewsandideasandjustbetogetherandenjoyeachother'scompany.”可知孩子們?cè)谝黄鸪燥埜芙涣鞣窒硇侣労拖敕?，享受彼此的陪伴。故答案為Theyhavebettergradesatschoolandarebetteradjustedwhentheyareolder.或Childrencancommunicatewiththeirparentsandenjoytheircompany.（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)上文"Formanyfamilies,eatingdinnertogetherprovestobeagoodandeffectivewaytoreducetheriskofyouthratesofaddiction,andhelpsto”對(duì)許多家庭來(lái)說(shuō),一起吃晚餐被證明是一個(gè)很好的和有效的方法來(lái)降低青少年上癮的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可知，一起吃晚餐有助于撫養(yǎng)教育出健康的孩子們。故劃線部分單詞意思為“撫養(yǎng)；教育”故案為Raise./Bingup./Educate.（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Sittingatthesametableandsharingmealsiswhereandwhenparentscanfindoutmoreabouttheirchildren'sschoolperformance,dailyactivitiesandattitudestowardlife.”可知一起吃飯時(shí)父母可以了解孩子學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)、日?；顒?dòng)和生活態(tài)度。故答案為Theycanlearnmoreabouttheirchildren'sschoolperformance,dailyactivitiesandattitudestowardlife.（5）考查概括歸納。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Familydinnermaynotbenefitifthereistoomucharguinggoingon,ifthereisnomeaningfulconversationor,whatisevenworse,ifthereisjustplainsilenceduringgathering.”可知如果有太多的爭(zhēng)論，如果沒(méi)有有意義的談話，或者更糟糕的是，如果在聚會(huì)期間只有簡(jiǎn)單的沉默，家庭聚餐可能沒(méi)有什么好處。即作者認(rèn)為聚餐時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)避免沉默、爭(zhēng)吵或是無(wú)意義的談話。理由并不唯一，言之有理即可。故答案為Silence.Becausewithoutcommunicationnoonecangetanybenefitatthedinnertable.或是Quarreling.Becauseitbringsaboutabadatmospherethatbenefitsnoone.或是Meaninglessconversation.Becauseitdoesnotbringanybenefittoanyone.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和概括歸納四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確掌握所給材料，結(jié)合相關(guān)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和詞匯知識(shí)，做出正確答案。7．任務(wù)型閱讀MaketherightchoicesWhatislife'sgreatestgift?Choiceistheabilitytoselectonecourseofactionfromasetofalternativestoachieveagoal.Whatissogreataboutchoice?Ittransformsusfromdumbanimalsintoartists.EachofusbecomesanotherMichelangelo.Choicebecomesnothingotherthanthetoolweusetosculpt（雕刻）ourlife.Thetooldoesn'tcomefree,however,forthepriceofchoiceisresponsibility.Therewardishappiness.Lifeisnotstill.Itisaflow.Weconstantlyneedtomonitorwhereweareonourjourney.Weneedtoaskquestions:AmImovingclosertomygoals?Ifnot,whatcorrectivemeasurescanItake?WhatactionwillItakenowtoreadjustmyselftomygoals?Choiceispower.Choiceisattheheartoflife.Itisthecreativepoweroflife.Andyourlifebecomesmoreconvenientorcomfortablebecauseofthem.Forexample,youdecidewhichstorestoshopatandwhichgasstationtogoto.Butthedecisionsthatwemaketosculptourlivesarefarmoreimportantthandecidingwheretoshop.Themoreweappreciatethedifferencebetweenminorandmajordecisions,thegreatertheprobabilitythatwewillexperiencehappinessandfulfillment.Allchessloversrealizethatitisn'tnecessarytowintoenjoythegame.Thepleasureisintheplaying.Lifeislikeachessgame.ItisfreewillorchoiceYouhavetomakechoiceseverydayMakethebestmovesyoucanunderthecircumstancesButwhenweacceptandcarryitout,wegetagreatreturnEverychoicewemakeleadsusclosertoorfartherfromourgoalsLifeisfullofhardchoices,andthebiggertheyare,thehardertheygetChoosetocarryoutresponsibilitiesnotbecauseyouhaveto,butbecauseyouwantto【答案】A;D;E；B；C【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了每個(gè)人每天都要面臨各種各樣的選擇。正確的選擇究竟會(huì)給我們的人生帶來(lái)些什么呢？本空前有問(wèn)句，空后出現(xiàn)choice這一關(guān)鍵詞，A選項(xiàng)既回答上文問(wèn)題又引出了下文choice的概念，隨后下文承接該話題繼續(xù)展開(kāi)。故答案為A。⑵其一，該項(xiàng)中carryoutit中it指代的是上句中的responsibility；其二，雖然選擇意味著責(zé)任，但是同時(shí)又會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)巨大的回報(bào)，故答案為DoE選項(xiàng)是對(duì)上文的notstill和aflow的進(jìn)一步解釋。另外，其中l(wèi)eadsus與下文monitor相呼應(yīng)，且E選項(xiàng)中的closertoorfartherfromourgoals與下文的AmImovingclosertomygoal?toreadjustmyselfwithmygoals吻合。故答案為E。其一，“因?yàn)槊刻於荚谶x擇，而使生活變得更加舒適和方便”。其二，該空的后文舉例說(shuō)明前文的觀點(diǎn)，故該空具有概括意義。故答案為Bo上文敘述“生活就像下棋”，下文“要走出特定環(huán)境下最好的一步棋”，前后為順接關(guān)系，故答案為C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】做此類題時(shí)，注意分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。分析段落內(nèi)部的層次，即語(yǔ)篇層次，體會(huì)句與句之間的意義關(guān)系，把握作者思路，從語(yǔ)序上發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點(diǎn)，理清層次。8．請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意:每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。TimeforAmericanstoactonclimatechangeTheclimatecrisisisworseningataratethatisbecomingharderandhardertoignore.Formorethantwodecades,scientificreportshavemadeitclearthatglobalwarmingisreal,thathumanscauseitandthattheconsequenceswillbedisastrous.Thescientificcommunityhasbecomeincreasinglypanickedoverthepastyear.ThelatestassessmentfromtheU.N.IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangepaintedafarmoreterriblepicturethanitspreviousanalyses,andthelong-awaitedNationalClimateAssessmentmadeclearthatclimatechangerepresentsaseverethreattohumanhealthaswellasoureconomicsecurity.Outofthispaniccamethetreaty(條約)reachedthispastweekendbyworldleaderstokeeptheParisclimateagreementalive.YetmanyAmericansstilldon'tregardthethreatasakeypriorityforourgovernment,andsupportPresidentTrump'sdecisiontowithdrawfromtheParistreaty.Campaigncontributionsfromfossilfuelcompanieshaveconvincedelectedofficialstolooktheotherway.Acertainamountofdespairhasresultedinwidespreadapathy漠然).Butthereisanotherreasonthathasbeendiscussedfarlessopenly.Whileagrowingnumberofpeopleunderstandthatclimatechangewillhavesignificantworldwideconsequences,manyAmericanshaveanintuitive(直覺(jué)的)beliefthattheirnationismorecapablethanothersofadaptingtoachangedenvironment.Why?Becausetheyhavebefore.Thishistoricalsuccess,however,resultedfromthefederalgovernmenttakingscienceseriously,andmakinginvestmentstourgerevolutionandinnovation.Buttheseinnovationsdidnothappenbythemselves,orsimplybecauseoftheUnitedStates'richresources.Theydependedonconsistentsupportfromtheleadersabouttheneedtotakeactionwhenfacedwithcrises.Thishasbeenespeciallytrueintheenvironmentalcrisis.PresidentBillClintonhadashockinglymodestrecordofadvancingclimatesecurity,particularlygiventhathisvicepresident,AlGore,hadbeenoneofthemostoutspokenenvironmentalistsinCongress.ByfarClinton'sbiggestaccomplishmentwasassigningGoretoparticipateintheKyotoProtocolnegotiations.Clintonchose,however,toavoidwhatsurelywouldhavebeenaterriblefightintheSenatetogainapprovalofthetreaty.Whilethiseffortprobablywouldhavefailed,itwouldhavesignaledtotheAmericanpeoplehowseriouslytheDemocraticPartytookclimatechange.Thus,thetimehasclearlyarrivedforprogressivecandidatestostartcampaigningonaplatformbuiltaroundtheneedforasustainabilityrevolution.Suchaplanshouldincludeacarbontax,well-fundedcleanenergyresearch,evolvedagriculturalpoliciesandsmarterpublictransport.GiventhatGenerationXandmillennials（千禧一代）neverboughtintothefictionthattheUnitedStatesisimmunetothedangersofglobalwarming,thetimeisripetomakeclimatesecurityacrucialgovernmentresponsibility.Onlybydoingsocanwebeginthelong-overdue（拖延好久的）campaigntosavetheplanet.TimeforAmericanstoactonclimatechangeIntroductionMoreandmorepeoplehavebecomeoftheseverityofclimatecrisis.Itishumanbeingsthataretofortherealglobalwarmingandshouldforwhattheyhavedone.WorldwideeffortsGiventhathumanhealthaswellasoureconomicsecurityisaseverethreatcausedbyclimatechange,ParisClimateTreatyhasbeenreachedbyworldleaders.CurrentAmerican'sresponsesAnegativeattitudeUnabletograsptheseriousnessofthethreat,manyAmericansareinofPresidentTrump'sdecisiontowithdrawfromtheParistreaty.forresponsesElectedofficialsturnadeafeartothethreatonaccountoftheirrelationshipwithfossilfuelcompanies.Acertainamountofdespairhasresultedinwidespreacapathy.ManyAmericansarewildlyabouttheirabilitytoachangedenvironment.EarlierAmerican'sresponsesA（n）attitudeWiselyassigninghisvicepresidenttoparticipateintheKyotoProtocolnegotiations,PresidentBillClintontookclimatechangeseriously.InspirationformresponsesTheDemocraticPartyusedtotakeadequatenoticeofthepotentialcrisisoftheclimatechange.ItishightimeforAmericanstobeginthelong-overduecampaigntosavetheplanet.【答案】aware/conscious；blame；answer；under；favo（u）r/support；Reasons；interest；sure/certain/optimistic；positive；Conclusion【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述的是越來(lái)越多的人意識(shí)到氣候危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重性?，F(xiàn)在是美國(guó)人應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的時(shí)候了。只有這樣，我們才能開(kāi)始拖延已久的拯救地球的運(yùn)動(dòng)。（1）根據(jù)第一段第一句Theclimatecrisisisworseningataratethatisbecomingharderandhardertoignore.可知，越來(lái)越多的人意識(shí)到氣候危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重性。故答案為aware/conscious。（2）根據(jù)第一段中Formorethantwodecades,scientificreportshavemadeitclearthatglobalwarmingisreal,thathumanscauseitandthattheconsequenceswillbedisastrous.可知，真正的全球變暖是人類的責(zé)任，應(yīng)該為他們所做的一切負(fù)責(zé)。betoblame"應(yīng)該承擔(dān)責(zé)任”，故答案為blame。（3）根據(jù)第一段中Formorethantwodecades,scientificreportshavemadeitclearthatglobalwarmingisreal,thathumanscauseitandthattheconsequenceswillbedisastrous可知，真正的全球變暖是人類的責(zé)任，應(yīng)該為他們所做的一切負(fù)責(zé)。answerfor"對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)”，故答案為answer。（4）根據(jù)第二段中thelong-awaitedNationalClimateAssessmentmadeclearthatclimatechangerepresentsaseverethreattohumanhealthaswellasoureconomicsecurity.可知，鑒于氣候變化對(duì)人類健康和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅，世界各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已達(dá)成《巴黎氣候條約》。故答案為under。（5）根據(jù)第三段中YetmanyAmericansstilldon'tregardthethreatasakeypriorityforourgovernment,andsuopontPresidentTrump'sdecisiontowithdrawfromtheParistreaty可知，由于無(wú)法理解威脅的嚴(yán)重性，許多美國(guó)人支持特朗普總統(tǒng)退出《巴黎條約》的決定。Infavo（u）r/supportof"支持，贊成"，故答案為favo（u）r/support。（6）根據(jù)右欄中的內(nèi)容可知這里在講“反應(yīng)的原因”。故答案為Reasons。（7）根據(jù)第三段中Campaigncontributionsfromfossilfuelcompanieshaveconvincedelectedofficialstolooktheotherway.Acertainamountofdespairhasresultedinwidespreadapathy（漠然）."化石燃料公司的競(jìng)選捐款已經(jīng)說(shuō)服當(dāng)選官員們睜一只眼閉一只眼。一定程度的絕望導(dǎo)致了廣泛的冷漠?！笨芍捎谂c化石燃料公司的利益關(guān)系，當(dāng)選官員對(duì)這種威脅充耳不聞。故答案為interest。（8）根據(jù)第四段中Whileagrowingnumberofpeopleunderstandthatclimatechangewillhavesignificantworldwideconsequences,manyAmericanshaveanintuitive（直覺(jué)的）beliefthattheirnationismorecapablethanothersofadaptingtoachangedenvironment.可知，許多美國(guó)人對(duì)自己適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化的能力極為樂(lè)觀。故答案為sure/certain/optimistic。（9）根據(jù)第七段中PresidentBillClintonhadashockinglymodestrecordofadvancingclimatesecurity,particularlygiventhathisvicepresident,AlGore,hadbeenoneofthemostoutspokenenvironmentalistsinCongress."比爾?克林頓總統(tǒng)在推進(jìn)氣候安全方面有著令人震驚的溫和記錄，尤其是考慮到他的副總統(tǒng)阿爾?戈?duì)枺ˋlGore）是國(guó)會(huì)中最直言不諱的環(huán)保主義者之一?！笨芍@是一個(gè)積極樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度。故答案為positive。（10）根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Onlybydoingsocanwebeginthelong-overdue（拖延好久的）campaigntosavetheplanet."只有這樣，我們才能開(kāi)始拖延已久的拯救地球的運(yùn)動(dòng)?！笨芍@是得出的最后結(jié)論。故答案為Conclusion?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】任務(wù)型閱讀的關(guān)鍵在看懂文章，然后根據(jù)題目要求作答，注意盡量用文章的語(yǔ)言填寫答案。在文章中找不到答案時(shí)，要完全理解句子，根據(jù)同義詞，句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方式找到可以替換文章中的單詞，短語(yǔ)或者句子的詞。9．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyoutravel,youwillleaveacarbonfootprintinyourwake.Youcan'thelpit.Buteco-friendlytravelpracticescanlightentheharmonMotherEarth.Greentravelisnotapassingtrendbutalifestylechoice..ChoosingagreendestinationNodestinationisaGreenGiant..However,somecountriesandcitiesshowadeepcommitmenttoEarth-friendlypoliciesandpractices.Whenresearchingavacationspot,lookforplacesthatnaturallyembracethegreenlifestyle.ChoosinggreentransportationWhatmakesMotherEarthproud?Seeingyouuseyourownpowertogetaround.Manyadventuretouroperatorsarrangecycling,hikingandwalkingholidays..Thegreenestridestypicallyrunonelectricpower.Switzerlandistakingtheleadwithitshybridbusesandtrainspoweredbyhydroelectricity;Japanisrunningclosebehind.ChoosingagreenhotelOnceyouareatyourdestination,ifyoucangetthehotelright,youcanmakethegreatestimpact..Lookforafactsheetonline,orcallthefrontdesk.Youcanalsosearchforhotelsapprovedbyrespectedcertificationprograms,suchasGreenKeyandtheGlobalSustainableTourismCouncil.TheEarth-friendlychoicesarenumerous:Youcansail,bike,kayak,bike,swim,bird-watchandplayI-spy-a-monkeyinatree.Visitalocalfoodmarket,anddon'tforgettobringareusablebagforpurchases.Youcanalsolendahandduringyourholiday.Thegreenmovementhaschangedfromhowtopreserveandprotecttohowtouselessanddogoodwhenyou'rethere.ChoosinggreentravelChoosinggreenactivitiesNextinlinearetrainsandbusesTheyallmakeenvironmentalmisstepsMostmajorchainsoperatein-housegreenprogramIfyouplantodrive,considerafuel-efficientvehicleFollowthetipsandwatchyourfootprintsturngreener【答案】G；D；C；E；B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了如何進(jìn)行綠色旅游的幾點(diǎn)建議。（1）上文說(shuō)綠色旅游不是一時(shí)的潮流，而是一種生活方式的選擇，下文又介紹了綠色旅游的建議，此處需要一個(gè)承上啟下的過(guò)渡句，G項(xiàng)（遵循這些建議，看著你的腳印變得更綠）符合語(yǔ)境，故答案選Go（2）根據(jù)本空前的“NodestinationisaGreenGiant.”可知，沒(méi)有哪一個(gè)目的地是綠色巨人，此處是說(shuō)它們?cè)诃h(huán)境方面都有不足之處，D項(xiàng)（它們都犯了環(huán)境方面的錯(cuò)誤）符合語(yǔ)境，故答案選Do（3）根據(jù)本空前的“Manyadventuretouroperatorsarrangecycling,hikingandwalkingholidays.”可知，很多