中考復習專項連詞優(yōu)質(zhì)公開課課件

—語法專項—語法專項1連詞是一種虛詞,在句中不能單獨作句子成分，它只是起連接單詞與單詞、短語與短語、句子與句子的作用。連詞主要分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩大類。連詞是一種虛詞,在句中不能單獨作句子成分，它只是起連接單詞與學習目標1、掌握連詞的概念和用法2、掌握同類連詞間的區(qū)別3、能夠熟練地運用連詞學習目標1、掌握連詞的概念和用法3中考復習專項連詞優(yōu)質(zhì)公開課課件4命題點1并列連詞命題點2從屬連詞命題點1并列連詞5

英語中由兩個或兩個以上的獨立分句組成的句子叫并列句。英語中的并列句不能只用逗號將分句隔開，而應(yīng)該加分號或并列連詞將分句隔開。按照用途分類，并列連詞可表示并列、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等幾類關(guān)系。命題點一：并列連詞英語中由兩個或兩個以上的獨立分句組成的句子叫6表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞1、and可用來連接兩個或兩個以上的單詞、短語或句子，表示一種順承關(guān)系。My

brother

and

I

study

in

the

same

school.我哥哥和我在同一所學校上學。注意：在把含有and的肯定句改為否定句時，應(yīng)把連詞and改為or。He

can’t

read

or

write.2、在“祈使句+and+陳述句”中表示遞進、順承，意為“就、從而”等。Love

others,

and

you

will

be

loved.

去愛別人，你就會得到別人的愛。表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞1、and可用來連接兩個或兩個以上的單7表并列關(guān)系的并列連詞“both…and…”（既……又……），“neither…nor…”（既不……也不……），aswellas（和）

以及“notonly…butalso…”可用來連接兩個并列的主語、謂語、賓語、表語和狀語等。“both…and…”連接名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；Both

Li

Ping

and

Mary

are

going

to

the

Great

Wall

tomorrow.（連接主語）He

can

both

swim

and

skate.（連接謂語）The

TV

star

lost

both

his

girlfriend

and

his

show.（連接賓語）表并列關(guān)系的并列連詞“both…and…”（既……又…8not

only…but

also…和neither…nor…連接兩個并列的主語時，謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要與最靠近的主語保持一致（就近原則）。neither…nor…本身表示全部否定含義，故不能再用否定式，即不能再加not。Notonlyyoubutalso

heisatopstudent.

=Notonlyhebutalsoyouareatopstudent.（連接主語）Neitherhenor

Iamgoingthere.

=NeitherInor

heisgoingthere.（連接主語）表并列關(guān)系的并列連詞notonly…butalso…和neither…nor9as

well

as…短語的作用相當于表示并列關(guān)系的連詞，可用來連接兩個并列的主語、表語、賓語等。連接兩個并列主語時，強調(diào)前者，謂語動詞與as

well

as…前面的主語一致。它與not

only…but

also…意義相同，但not

only…but

also…強調(diào)的是后者，連接并列主語時，謂語動詞與后面的主語一致。My

parents

as

well

as

my

sister

enjoy

classical

music.

My

sister

as

well

as

my

parents

enjoys

classical

music.

Not

only

my

parents

but

also

my

sister

enjoys

classical

music.表并列關(guān)系的并列連詞aswellas…短語的作用相當于表示并列關(guān)系的連詞，可10表示轉(zhuǎn)折和對比關(guān)系的詞有but，yet和while。but意為“但是，然而，可是”，連接兩個句法作用相同的單詞、短語或句子，指兩者情況相反。The

man

was

so

tired,

but

he

is

still

went

on

working.（連接兩個句子）He

is

young,

but

very

knowledgeable.（連接兩個作表語的形容詞）表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折和對比關(guān)系的詞有but，yet和while。表轉(zhuǎn)折11Shesaidshewouldbelate,yetshearrivedontime.Hewaiteduntilhismothercameback.注意：在把含有and的肯定句改為否定句時，應(yīng)把連詞and改為or。when和whileWhereveryougo,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou.根據(jù)句意可知感冒是沒來的原因，前后存在因果關(guān)系。正：Though/Althoughitrainedhard,still/yethegottoschoolontime.Springcomes______(since/after)winter.【辨析】for和because的區(qū)別Tomcandosomethingsathome________heisstillyoung.because因為；”Because因為；notonly;butalsoWhereveryougo,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou.薩利喜歡紅色，而珍妮喜歡白色。before D.表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞引導狀語從句的從屬連詞誤：Though/Althoughitrainedhard,buthegottoschoolontime.表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞While在表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系時，往往連接內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)對稱的兩個部分，用來表示鮮明的對比。Sally

likes

red

while

Jenny

likes

white.（對比意義）薩利喜歡紅色，而珍妮喜歡白色。yet意為“但是、然而”，常連接句子，表示驚訝或轉(zhuǎn)折。She

said

she

would

be

late,

yet

she

arrived

on

time.（表示驚訝）Tom

was

usually

so

careful,

yet

this

time

he

made

a

small

mistake.（表示轉(zhuǎn)折）Shesaidshewouldbelate,ye12表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞有or（或者），either…or…（或者……或者……），not…but…（不是……而是……）等。1、or用來連接兩個或多個單詞、短語或從句。Do

they

go

to

school

on

foot

or

by

bike.（連接短語）Will

you

come

to

see

me,

or

shall

I

go

there?（連接句子）or有時表示“否則”，用于“祈使句+or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)。前面的祈使句表示一個否定的條件，后面的陳述句表示結(jié)果。Hurry

up,

or

you

will

be

late.表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞有or（或者），13表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞2、either…or…意為“或者……或者……；不是……就是……；要么……要么……”如果either…or…連接的是兩個并列主語，謂語動詞與最靠近的主語保持一致（就近原則）。The

watch

is

either

in

my

bag

or

on

the

table.（連接表語）Either

his

parents

or

his

uncle

is

going

to

New

York.（連接兩個主語，謂語動詞與his

uncle保持一致）3、not…but…意為“不是……而是……”。當它連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞的形式要與but后面的主語保持一致。Not

money

but

skilled

workers

are

what

we

need.表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞2、either…or…意為“或者……14表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有so和for。1、so意為“所以，因此”，后面接的句子表示結(jié)果。We

didn’t

have

any

money

for

a

taxi,

so

we

walked

back

to

the

hotel.（原因+結(jié)果）【拓展】so除了用作連詞外，也可用作副詞?？捎糜诖嫔厦嫠f的內(nèi)容，意為“如此，如是”，如I

think

so.（我認為這樣）。也可以表示達到某種程度，意為“那么，這么”，如Don’t

speak

so

fast.（別說的那么快）。表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有so和fo15表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞for意為“因為，由于”，后面的分句通常表示一種推斷性的原因，是對前一分句的補充。此時for連接的分句不能放在句首。It

is

morning,

for

the

birds

are

singing.（結(jié)果+原因）【辨析】for和because的區(qū)別并列連詞for連接的分句只能放在句尾，前面用逗號隔開，表示補充說明或者提供推斷的理由。從屬連詞because表示的是一種明確的因果關(guān)系，解釋原因，即可位于主句前也可位于主句后，常回答why引導的問句。Paul

must

be

at

home,

for

the

light

in

his

room

is

still

on.He

was

late

because

he

didn’t

catch

the

school

bus.表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞for意為“因為，由于”，后面的分句16即學即練1.WeChat(微信)isverypopular.___theyoung___theoldaregettinginterestedinit.A.Neither...nor

B.Either...orC.Notonly...butalso

D.Between...andC【解析】考查并列連詞短語辨析。句意為：微信很流行。____年輕人____老年人都變得對它感興趣。Neither…nor…既不……也不……；Either…or…或者……或者……；Notonly…butalso…不僅……而且……；Between…and…在……和……之間。由前句“微信很流行”可推知不僅年輕人對它感興趣，而且老年人也對它感興趣，故選C。即學即練1.WeChat(微信)isverypopu172.—Toachieveabrightfuture,we___shouldstudyhard___keepingoodhealth.—Iagreewithyou.A.not;but B.notonly;butalsoC.neither;nor D.either;or【解析】考查并列連詞短語辨析。句意“為了實現(xiàn)一個光明的未來,我們____應(yīng)該努力學習,____保持健康。”“我同意你的看法?！眓ot…but…不是……而是……;notonly…butalso…不僅……而且……;neither…nor…既不……也不……;either…or…或者……或者……。從句意并結(jié)合常識可知,為了實現(xiàn)一個光明的未來,努力學習和保持健康缺一不可,所以連詞短語notonly…butalso…符合題意。故選B。B2.—Toachieveabrightfuture,183.—Wouldyouliketohangoutwithus?—I’dloveto,___Ihavetostudyforthetest.A.and

B.so

C.but

D.orC【解析】考查并列連詞詞義辨析。句意“你想和我們一起出去逛逛嗎？”“我很樂意,____我必須為考試而學習?！备鶕?jù)句意可知空格前后的句子為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,此處應(yīng)用but,表示“但是”。故選C。3.—Wouldyouliketohangou194.Alicecaughtacoldlastnight,___sheisabsenttoday.A.but B.or C.so D.and【解析】考查并列連詞詞義辨析。句意：愛麗絲昨天晚上感冒了，____她今天缺席。but但是；or否則，或者；so所以；and并且，和。根據(jù)句意可知感冒是沒來的原因，前后存在因果關(guān)系。故選C。C4.Alicecaughtacoldlastni20用and，but，or，while，for或so填空。1.Thedressfitsmewell,______Idon’twanttobuyitbecauseit’stooexpensive.2.WhenyouarelearningEnglish,useit,______youwillloseit.3.Itwassnowinghard______wehadtostayathome.4.Heisshort______hisbrotheristall.5.Theshopisquitenew,______ithasbeenopenforaweek.6.HelikesEnglish______heisgoodatit.butorsoandwhilefor用and，but，or，while，for或so填空。but21命題點二：從屬連詞從屬連詞通常引導一個從句，修飾主句，一般分兩類：引導名詞性從句（如主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句）的從屬連詞和引導狀語從句的從屬連詞。命題點二：從屬連詞從屬連詞通常引導一個從句，修飾主句，一般分22引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞有在句中不做任何成分的連詞that（無具體意義）、if（是否）、whether（是否）等。I

don’t

think

that

we

should

stay

another

week.（引導賓語從句）I

wonder

if

/whether

he

will

come

on

time.（引導賓語從句）Whether

he’ll

come

or

not

is

unknown.（引導主語從句）The

result

is

that

she

won

the

girls’

400

meters

race.（引導表語從句）引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞有在句中不做23引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導時間狀語從句when當……時候When

you

come

in，I

was

talking

with

a

few

boys.while當……時候It

started

to

rain

while

we

were

playing

basketball.as當……時候;They

laughed

as

they

walked

down

the

river.after在……之后After

you

finish

this

form,

come

to

my

office.before在……之前Don’t

hand

in

your

papers

before

you

are

sure

there

are

no

mistakes.until/till直到Wait

here

until

/

till

I

come.since自……開始I

have

lived

in

England

since

I

was

three.as

soon

as一……就……As

soon

as

you

feel

sick,

go

to

see

a

doctor.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導時間狀語從句when當……時候Wh24when和whilewhen和while都有“當……時候”的意思，但while引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞必須用表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動詞，而when不受此影響。Pleasebuymesomestampswhileyouareinthepostoffice.I

was

reading

when

the

teacher

came

in.untiluntil引導從句時，在肯定句中，主句的謂語動詞必須為延續(xù)性動詞，意為“一直到……結(jié)束”；在否定句中，主句的謂語動詞必須為瞬間性動詞，意為“直到……才開始”。Hewaited

untilhismothercameback.He

didn’t

sleep

until

he

finished

his

home

work.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞when和whilewhen和while都有“當……時25引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導地點狀語從句where……地方I

live

where

there

are

mountains.wherever無論哪里Wherever

you

go,

I

will

be

right

here

waiting

for

you.引導原因狀語從句because因為We

should

go

to

bed

early

because

we‘ll

start

off

early

tomorrow.since既然Since

you

know

all

about

it,

tell

me

please.as由于As

all

the

seats

were

taken,

I

had

to

stand[注意]because和so不能同時使用引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導地點狀語從句where……地方I26引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導條件狀語從句if如果If

it

is

sunny

tomorrow,

we

will

go

fishing.unless除非；如果不……We

won’t

finish

the

work

in

time

unless

we

work

hard.as

long

as只要You

can

go

out

as

long

as

you

finish

your

homework.If（如果），unless（除非）和as

long

as（只要）引導從句時，主句是將來時或含有情態(tài)動詞或祈使句時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導條件狀語從句if如果Ifiti27引導讓步狀語從句although

/

though盡管He

went

to

school

although

/

though

he

was

ill.even

if

/

even

though盡管；即使Even

if

/

Even

though

learning

is

slow

and

painful,

the

result

is

wonderful.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞【注意】though

/

although不能與but連用，但可與still、yet連用。誤：Though

/

Although

it

rained

hard,

but

he

got

to

school

on

time.正：Though

/

Although

it

rained

hard,

he

got

to

school

on

time.正：Though

/

Although

it

rained

hard,

still

/

yet

he

got

to

school

on

time.引導讓步狀語從句although/though盡管He28引導目的狀語從句的連詞主要有in

order

that、so

that（為了、以便于）。In

order

that

/

So

that

we

can

arrive

there

on

time,

we

should

take

a

taxi.He

played

the

piano

very

gently

in

order

that

/

so

that

the

baby

could

not

be

woken

up.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導比較狀語從句的連詞主要有than、as…as、not

as/so…as。China

has

a

larger

population

than

America

(does).He

speaks

English

as

well

as

Americans

(do).Some

people

think

that

planes

now

are

not

as/so

safe

as

trains

(are).【注意】as…as、not

as/so…as結(jié)構(gòu)中要用形容詞和副詞的原級。引導目的狀語從句的連詞主要有inorderthat、s29引導狀語從句的從屬連詞在句子中做結(jié)果狀語的從句稱為結(jié)果狀語從句。結(jié)果狀語從句一般置于句尾。其引導詞或短語常見的有so（that）、so…that…、such…that…等。1、so

that引導結(jié)果狀語從句so

that除了可以引導目的狀語從句（通常含有情態(tài)動詞），還可以引導結(jié)果狀語從句，that有時可省略。We

arrived

early

in

the

morning,

so

that

we

caught

the

first

train.我們早上到得很早，所以趕上了早班火車。We

moved

to

the

country,

so

that

we

were

away

from

the

noisy

city.我們搬到了鄉(xiāng)下，所以我們遠離了喧鬧的城市。引導狀語從句的從屬連詞在句子中做結(jié)果狀語的從句稱為結(jié)果狀語從30引導狀語從句的從屬連詞2、so…that…（如此……以致于……）引導結(jié)果狀語從句so…that…的常用句型有三種，口語中that經(jīng)常省略。①so

+形容詞/副詞+

that…It

was

so

cold

outside

that

we

had

to

stop

the

game.He

drove

so

carelessly

that

he

almost

lost

his

life.②so

+

many

/

few

/

much

/

little

+相應(yīng)形式的名詞+

that…He

got

so

little

money

that

his

family

had

to

live

on

welfare.He

made

so

many

mistakes

that

he

failed

the

exam

once

again.③so

+形容詞+

a/an

+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+

that…It

is

so

easy

a

question

that

I

can

work

it

out

immediately.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞2、so…that…（如此……以致于…31引導狀語從句的從屬連詞3、such…that…引導結(jié)果狀語從句such…that…的常用句型有三種，口語中that常省略。①such

+

a/an

+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+

that=so

+形容詞+

a/an

+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+

that（注意冠詞a/an的位置）Miss

Zhao

is

such

a

kind

teacher

that

we

all

like

her.=Miss

Zhao

is

so

kind

a

teacher

that

we

all

like

her.②such

+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+

thatThey

are

such

good

children

that

we

all

love

them.③such

+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+

thatWe

had

such

bad

weather

that

we

couldn’t

go

out.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞3、such…that…引導結(jié)果狀語從32即學即練1、TheTVnewstalkedaboutacaraccidentnearourhouse___Iwaseating.A.assoonasB.since

C.while

D.untilC【解析】考查從屬連詞（短語）的用法。句意為：____我正在吃東西，電視新聞中討論了我家附近的一起交通事故。assoonas一……就……；since自從；while當……時，其后的句子常用進行時態(tài)，表示主從句兩個句子的動作同時進行；until直到……。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，后半句“Iwaseating”為過去進行時，因此用連詞while，故選C。即學即練1、TheTVnewstalkedabout332、ChenWeiisn’tatschooltoday___heistakingarobotcompetitioninShanghai.A.unless

B.becauseC.before

D.ifB【解析】考查從屬連詞詞義辨析。句意：陳偉今天不在學校，____他正在上海參加一場機器人大賽。unless除非；because因為；before在……前；if如果。根據(jù)句意可知，后半句是前半句的原因。故選B。2、ChenWeiisn’tatschooltod343、—Youngpeoplelikejeans.—___jeanswereinventedover100yearsago,theyarestillinstyletoday.A.Because

B.If

C.Since

D.AlthoughD【解析】考查從屬連詞詞義辨析。句意為“年輕人喜歡牛仔褲。”“____牛仔褲是100多年前被發(fā)明的，它們?nèi)缃袢匀缓芰餍小！盉ecause因為；If如果；Since自從；Although盡管。由句意可知此處存在讓步關(guān)系表示盡管。故選D。3、—Youngpeoplelikejeans.D【解354、YoucanuseEnglishorChinese___youtravelinSingapore.A.whetherB.whateverC.whereD.ifD【解析】考查從屬連詞詞義辨析。句意：____你在新加坡旅行，你可以說英語或中文。whether是否；whatever無論什么；where哪里；if如果。根據(jù)句意可判斷前后句存在一種假設(shè)關(guān)系，表示如果，故選D。4、YoucanuseEnglishorChine36選擇適當?shù)膯卧~填空________(Though/So)itissunny,thetemperatureisverylow.We’releavingforGuangzhou______(if/when)itisfinetomorrow.Hemaybeill,________(because/when)heisabsenttoday.Springcomes______(since/after)winter.Heis______(so/such)smartthathecandoithimself.Iwascooking______(when/while)shecamein.ThoughifbecauseaftersowhenThoughifbecauseaftersowhen377.Iwillcallyou__________(until/assoonas)Igetthere.8.Heis______(such/so)agoodstudentthatheoftengetshighmarks.9.Hedidn’tgotobed______(until/because)hefinishedthework.10.Youmustspeaklouder______(sothat/suchthat)Icanhearyou.assoonassuchuntilsothat首先要分析語境，理解空格前后句子的邏輯關(guān)系，如果是并列/遞進、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、選擇關(guān)系時就要考慮使用并列連詞and、but、so、or，如果是時間、原因、條件關(guān)系時就要考慮使用從屬連詞when、until、while、because、if、unless。7.Iwillcallyou__________(38選詞填空

1.Wecannotchangereality,________wecanchangetheeyeswhichseereality. 2.Tomcandosomethingsathome________heisstillyoung. 3.—Iwonderifyouhavemadeadecisionontheproject,Jack. —Notyet.Ican'tmakeit______Ihavefirst-handinformationonprices. 4.Swimmingisexciting.Butkidscan'tdoit________theygoswimmingwithadults.5.Ilikelisteningtothemusic________itmakesmerelaxed.butthoughuntilunlessbecause選詞填空whichseereality. 2.Tomc39Homework1、根據(jù)ppt和學案復習連詞的用法。2、完成課后的鞏固訓練。Homework1、根據(jù)ppt和學案復習連詞的用法。40The

endTheend41—語法專項—語法專項42連詞是一種虛詞,在句中不能單獨作句子成分，它只是起連接單詞與單詞、短語與短語、句子與句子的作用。連詞主要分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩大類。連詞是一種虛詞,在句中不能單獨作句子成分，它只是起連接單詞與學習目標1、掌握連詞的概念和用法2、掌握同類連詞間的區(qū)別3、能夠熟練地運用連詞學習目標1、掌握連詞的概念和用法44中考復習專項連詞優(yōu)質(zhì)公開課課件45命題點1并列連詞命題點2從屬連詞命題點1并列連詞46

英語中由兩個或兩個以上的獨立分句組成的句子叫并列句。英語中的并列句不能只用逗號將分句隔開，而應(yīng)該加分號或并列連詞將分句隔開。按照用途分類，并列連詞可表示并列、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等幾類關(guān)系。命題點一：并列連詞英語中由兩個或兩個以上的獨立分句組成的句子叫47表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞1、and可用來連接兩個或兩個以上的單詞、短語或句子，表示一種順承關(guān)系。My

brother

and

I

study

in

the

same

school.我哥哥和我在同一所學校上學。注意：在把含有and的肯定句改為否定句時，應(yīng)把連詞and改為or。He

can’t

read

or

write.2、在“祈使句+and+陳述句”中表示遞進、順承，意為“就、從而”等。Love

others,

and

you

will

be

loved.

去愛別人，你就會得到別人的愛。表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞1、and可用來連接兩個或兩個以上的單48表并列關(guān)系的并列連詞“both…and…”（既……又……），“neither…nor…”（既不……也不……），aswellas（和）

以及“notonly…butalso…”可用來連接兩個并列的主語、謂語、賓語、表語和狀語等?！癰oth…and…”連接名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；Both

Li

Ping

and

Mary

are

going

to

the

Great

Wall

tomorrow.（連接主語）He

can

both

swim

and

skate.（連接謂語）The

TV

star

lost

both

his

girlfriend

and

his

show.（連接賓語）表并列關(guān)系的并列連詞“both…and…”（既……又…49not

only…but

also…和neither…nor…連接兩個并列的主語時，謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要與最靠近的主語保持一致（就近原則）。neither…nor…本身表示全部否定含義，故不能再用否定式，即不能再加not。Notonlyyoubutalso

heisatopstudent.

=Notonlyhebutalsoyouareatopstudent.（連接主語）Neitherhenor

Iamgoingthere.

=NeitherInor

heisgoingthere.（連接主語）表并列關(guān)系的并列連詞notonly…butalso…和neither…nor50as

well

as…短語的作用相當于表示并列關(guān)系的連詞，可用來連接兩個并列的主語、表語、賓語等。連接兩個并列主語時，強調(diào)前者，謂語動詞與as

well

as…前面的主語一致。它與not

only…but

also…意義相同，但not

only…but

also…強調(diào)的是后者，連接并列主語時，謂語動詞與后面的主語一致。My

parents

as

well

as

my

sister

enjoy

classical

music.

My

sister

as

well

as

my

parents

enjoys

classical

music.

Not

only

my

parents

but

also

my

sister

enjoys

classical

music.表并列關(guān)系的并列連詞aswellas…短語的作用相當于表示并列關(guān)系的連詞，可51表示轉(zhuǎn)折和對比關(guān)系的詞有but，yet和while。but意為“但是，然而，可是”，連接兩個句法作用相同的單詞、短語或句子，指兩者情況相反。The

man

was

so

tired,

but

he

is

still

went

on

working.（連接兩個句子）He

is

young,

but

very

knowledgeable.（連接兩個作表語的形容詞）表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折和對比關(guān)系的詞有but，yet和while。表轉(zhuǎn)折52Shesaidshewouldbelate,yetshearrivedontime.Hewaiteduntilhismothercameback.注意：在把含有and的肯定句改為否定句時，應(yīng)把連詞and改為or。when和whileWhereveryougo,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou.根據(jù)句意可知感冒是沒來的原因，前后存在因果關(guān)系。正：Though/Althoughitrainedhard,still/yethegottoschoolontime.Springcomes______(since/after)winter.【辨析】for和because的區(qū)別Tomcandosomethingsathome________heisstillyoung.because因為；”Because因為；notonly;butalsoWhereveryougo,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou.薩利喜歡紅色，而珍妮喜歡白色。before D.表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞引導狀語從句的從屬連詞誤：Though/Althoughitrainedhard,buthegottoschoolontime.表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞While在表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系時，往往連接內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)對稱的兩個部分，用來表示鮮明的對比。Sally

likes

red

while

Jenny

likes

white.（對比意義）薩利喜歡紅色，而珍妮喜歡白色。yet意為“但是、然而”，常連接句子，表示驚訝或轉(zhuǎn)折。She

said

she

would

be

late,

yet

she

arrived

on

time.（表示驚訝）Tom

was

usually

so

careful,

yet

this

time

he

made

a

small

mistake.（表示轉(zhuǎn)折）Shesaidshewouldbelate,ye53表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞有or（或者），either…or…（或者……或者……），not…but…（不是……而是……）等。1、or用來連接兩個或多個單詞、短語或從句。Do

they

go

to

school

on

foot

or

by

bike.（連接短語）Will

you

come

to

see

me,

or

shall

I

go

there?（連接句子）or有時表示“否則”，用于“祈使句+or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)。前面的祈使句表示一個否定的條件，后面的陳述句表示結(jié)果。Hurry

up,

or

you

will

be

late.表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞有or（或者），54表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞2、either…or…意為“或者……或者……；不是……就是……；要么……要么……”如果either…or…連接的是兩個并列主語，謂語動詞與最靠近的主語保持一致（就近原則）。The

watch

is

either

in

my

bag

or

on

the

table.（連接表語）Either

his

parents

or

his

uncle

is

going

to

New

York.（連接兩個主語，謂語動詞與his

uncle保持一致）3、not…but…意為“不是……而是……”。當它連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞的形式要與but后面的主語保持一致。Not

money

but

skilled

workers

are

what

we

need.表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞2、either…or…意為“或者……55表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有so和for。1、so意為“所以，因此”，后面接的句子表示結(jié)果。We

didn’t

have

any

money

for

a

taxi,

so

we

walked

back

to

the

hotel.（原因+結(jié)果）【拓展】so除了用作連詞外，也可用作副詞?？捎糜诖嫔厦嫠f的內(nèi)容，意為“如此，如是”，如I

think

so.（我認為這樣）。也可以表示達到某種程度，意為“那么，這么”，如Don’t

speak

so

fast.（別說的那么快）。表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有so和fo56表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞for意為“因為，由于”，后面的分句通常表示一種推斷性的原因，是對前一分句的補充。此時for連接的分句不能放在句首。It

is

morning,

for

the

birds

are

singing.（結(jié)果+原因）【辨析】for和because的區(qū)別并列連詞for連接的分句只能放在句尾，前面用逗號隔開，表示補充說明或者提供推斷的理由。從屬連詞because表示的是一種明確的因果關(guān)系，解釋原因，即可位于主句前也可位于主句后，?；卮饂hy引導的問句。Paul

must

be

at

home,

for

the

light

in

his

room

is

still

on.He

was

late

because

he

didn’t

catch

the

school

bus.表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞for意為“因為，由于”，后面的分句57即學即練1.WeChat(微信)isverypopular.___theyoung___theoldaregettinginterestedinit.A.Neither...nor

B.Either...orC.Notonly...butalso

D.Between...andC【解析】考查并列連詞短語辨析。句意為：微信很流行。____年輕人____老年人都變得對它感興趣。Neither…nor…既不……也不……；Either…or…或者……或者……；Notonly…butalso…不僅……而且……；Between…and…在……和……之間。由前句“微信很流行”可推知不僅年輕人對它感興趣，而且老年人也對它感興趣，故選C。即學即練1.WeChat(微信)isverypopu582.—Toachieveabrightfuture,we___shouldstudyhard___keepingoodhealth.—Iagreewithyou.A.not;but B.notonly;butalsoC.neither;nor D.either;or【解析】考查并列連詞短語辨析。句意“為了實現(xiàn)一個光明的未來,我們____應(yīng)該努力學習,____保持健康?！薄拔彝饽愕目捶?。”not…but…不是……而是……;notonly…butalso…不僅……而且……;neither…nor…既不……也不……;either…or…或者……或者……。從句意并結(jié)合常識可知,為了實現(xiàn)一個光明的未來,努力學習和保持健康缺一不可,所以連詞短語notonly…butalso…符合題意。故選B。B2.—Toachieveabrightfuture,593.—Wouldyouliketohangoutwithus?—I’dloveto,___Ihavetostudyforthetest.A.and

B.so

C.but

D.orC【解析】考查并列連詞詞義辨析。句意“你想和我們一起出去逛逛嗎？”“我很樂意,____我必須為考試而學習?！备鶕?jù)句意可知空格前后的句子為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,此處應(yīng)用but,表示“但是”。故選C。3.—Wouldyouliketohangou604.Alicecaughtacoldlastnight,___sheisabsenttoday.A.but B.or C.so D.and【解析】考查并列連詞詞義辨析。句意：愛麗絲昨天晚上感冒了，____她今天缺席。but但是；or否則，或者；so所以；and并且，和。根據(jù)句意可知感冒是沒來的原因，前后存在因果關(guān)系。故選C。C4.Alicecaughtacoldlastni61用and，but，or，while，for或so填空。1.Thedressfitsmewell,______Idon’twanttobuyitbecauseit’stooexpensive.2.WhenyouarelearningEnglish,useit,______youwillloseit.3.Itwassnowinghard______wehadtostayathome.4.Heisshort______hisbrotheristall.5.Theshopisquitenew,______ithasbeenopenforaweek.6.HelikesEnglish______heisgoodatit.butorsoandwhilefor用and，but，or，while，for或so填空。but62命題點二：從屬連詞從屬連詞通常引導一個從句，修飾主句，一般分兩類：引導名詞性從句（如主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句）的從屬連詞和引導狀語從句的從屬連詞。命題點二：從屬連詞從屬連詞通常引導一個從句，修飾主句，一般分63引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞有在句中不做任何成分的連詞that（無具體意義）、if（是否）、whether（是否）等。I

don’t

think

that

we

should

stay

another

week.（引導賓語從句）I

wonder

if

/whether

he

will

come

on

time.（引導賓語從句）Whether

he’ll

come

or

not

is

unknown.（引導主語從句）The

result

is

that

she

won

the

girls’

400

meters

race.（引導表語從句）引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞引導名詞性從句的從屬連詞有在句中不做64引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導時間狀語從句when當……時候When

you

come

in，I

was

talking

with

a

few

boys.while當……時候It

started

to

rain

while

we

were

playing

basketball.as當……時候;They

laughed

as

they

walked

down

the

river.after在……之后After

you

finish

this

form,

come

to

my

office.before在……之前Don’t

hand

in

your

papers

before

you

are

sure

there

are

no

mistakes.until/till直到Wait

here

until

/

till

I

come.since自……開始I

have

lived

in

England

since

I

was

three.as

soon

as一……就……As

soon

as

you

feel

sick,

go

to

see

a

doctor.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導時間狀語從句when當……時候Wh65when和whilewhen和while都有“當……時候”的意思，但while引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞必須用表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動詞，而when不受此影響。Pleasebuymesomestampswhileyouareinthepostoffice.I

was

reading

when

the

teacher

came

in.untiluntil引導從句時，在肯定句中，主句的謂語動詞必須為延續(xù)性動詞，意為“一直到……結(jié)束”；在否定句中，主句的謂語動詞必須為瞬間性動詞，意為“直到……才開始”。Hewaited

untilhismothercameback.He

didn’t

sleep

until

he

finished

his

home

work.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞when和whilewhen和while都有“當……時66引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導地點狀語從句where……地方I

live

where

there

are

mountains.wherever無論哪里Wherever

you

go,

I

will

be

right

here

waiting

for

you.引導原因狀語從句because因為We

should

go

to

bed

early

because

we‘ll

start

off

early

tomorrow.since既然Since

you

know

all

about

it,

tell

me

please.as由于As

all

the

seats

were

taken,

I

had

to

stand[注意]because和so不能同時使用引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導地點狀語從句where……地方I67引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導條件狀語從句if如果If

it

is

sunny

tomorrow,

we

will

go

fishing.unless除非；如果不……We

won’t

finish

the

work

in

time

unless

we

work

hard.as

long

as只要You

can

go

out

as

long

as

you

finish

your

homework.If（如果），unless（除非）和as

long

as（只要）引導從句時，主句是將來時或含有情態(tài)動詞或祈使句時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導條件狀語從句if如果Ifiti68引導讓步狀語從句although

/

though盡管He

went

to

school

although

/

though

he

was

ill.even

if

/

even

though盡管；即使Even

if

/

Even

though

learning

is

slow

and

painful,

the

result

is

wonderful.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞【注意】though

/

although不能與but連用，但可與still、yet連用。誤：Though

/

Although

it

rained

hard,

but

he

got

to

school

on

time.正：Though

/

Although

it

rained

hard,

he

got

to

school

on

time.正：Though

/

Although

it

rained

hard,

still

/

yet

he

got

to

school

on

time.引導讓步狀語從句although/though盡管He69引導目的狀語從句的連詞主要有in

order

that、so

that（為了、以便于）。In

order

that

/

So

that

we

can

arrive

there

on

time,

we

should

take

a

taxi.He

played

the

piano

very

gently

in

order

that

/

so

that

the

baby

could

not

be

woken

up.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞引導比較狀語從句的連詞主要有than、as…as、not

as/so…as。China

has

a

larger

population

than

America

(does).He

speaks

English

as

well

as

Americans

(do).Some

people

think

that

planes

now

are

not

as/so

safe

as

trains

(are).【注意】as…as、not

as/so…as結(jié)構(gòu)中要用形容詞和副詞的原級。引導目的狀語從句的連詞主要有inorderthat、s70引導狀語從句的從屬連詞在句子中做結(jié)果狀語的從句稱為結(jié)果狀語從句。結(jié)果狀語從句一般置于句尾。其引導詞或短語常見的有so（that）、so…that…、such…that…等。1、so

that引導結(jié)果狀語從句so

that除了可以引導目的狀語從句（通常含有情態(tài)動詞），還可以引導結(jié)果狀語從句，that有時可省略。We

arrived

early

in

the

morning,

so

that

we

caught

the

first

train.我們早上到得很早，所以趕上了早班火車。We

moved

to

the

country,

so

that

we

were

away

from

the

noisy

city.我們搬到了鄉(xiāng)下，所以我們遠離了喧鬧的城市。引導狀語從句的從屬連詞在句子中做結(jié)果狀語的從句稱為結(jié)果狀語從71引導狀語從句的從屬連詞2、so…that…（如此……以致于……）引導結(jié)果狀語從句so…that…的常用句型有三種，口語中that經(jīng)常省略。①so

+形容詞/副詞+

that…It

was

so

cold

outside

that

we

had

to

stop

the

game.He

drove

so

carelessly

that

he

almost

lost

his

life.②so

+

many

/

few

/

much

/

little

+相應(yīng)形式的名詞+

that…He

got

so

little

money

that

his

family

had

to

live

on

welfare.He

made

so

many

mistakes

that

he

failed

the

exam

once

again.③so

+形容詞+

a/an

+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+

that…It

is

so

easy

a

question

that

I

can

work

it

out

immediately.引導狀語從句的從屬連詞2、so…that…（如此……以致于…72引導狀語從句的從屬連詞3、such…that…引導結(jié)果狀語從句such…that…的常用句型有三種，口語中that常省略。①such

+

a/an

+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+

that=so

+形容詞+

a/an

+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+

that（注意冠詞a/an的位置）Miss

Zhao

is

such

a

kind

teacher

that

we

all

like

her.=Miss

Zhao

is

so

kind

a

t