新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語綜合教程3課文翻譯

精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)專心---專注---專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)美國國家教育統(tǒng)計(jì)中心的數(shù)據(jù)表明，大約80%的美國大下學(xué)生至少要換一次專業(yè)。有些學(xué)生上大學(xué)時就讀父母或親戚為他們選擇的專業(yè)。在大多數(shù)情況下，這些學(xué)生難以做出決定，因?yàn)樗麄儾恢涝跊Q定變換被規(guī)劃好的職業(yè)的時候該如何面對自己的親人。有些學(xué)生決定轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)是因?yàn)樗麄儫o法應(yīng)付所學(xué)專業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)課，而另一些學(xué)生則是因?yàn)樗麄儗?shí)在厭惡所學(xué)的專業(yè)，必須換一個自已真.正喜歡的專業(yè)。專家認(rèn)為，意識到所學(xué)專業(yè)不適合自己的技能和天賦沒什么錯。實(shí)際上，能意識到這一點(diǎn)是成熟的標(biāo)志。重要的是找到一個真正適合你的專業(yè)。在轉(zhuǎn);專業(yè)之前，你需要見學(xué)業(yè)導(dǎo)師，跟教授或?qū)I(yè)人員談?wù)?，做一些調(diào)查，問自己幾個嚴(yán)肅的問題，看看你的選擇是否正確。

Translation

2

Reference:

:

As

the

Chinese

saying

goes,

it

is

important

to

know

oneself,The

first

person

to

put

forward

this

notion

was

Laozi,

whowrote

in

his

book

Dao

De

Jing:

"A

person

who

knows

othersis

intelligent,

but

a

person

who

knows

himself

is

insightful."To

<know

oneself

is

to

have

a

correct

understanding

ofoneself,

including

one's

strengths

and

limitations,

and

to

beclear-minded

about

what

one

can

do,

We

cherish

this

virtueso

much

precisely

because

it

is

really

hard

for

people

toknow

themselves.

Knowing

oneself

is

both

part

of

aphilosophy

of

life

and

a

virtue

that

can

facilitateself-

improvement

and

attainment

of

a

higher

life

goal.

在西方，做父母的非常了解受父母過度保護(hù)的孩子的弱:點(diǎn):這些孩子害怕冒險(xiǎn)，缺乏決斷力，缺少在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中獲得成功的手段;

上大學(xué)時，許多人無法較好地適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活的嚴(yán)苛，退學(xué)是常有的事。因此，父母非常注重培養(yǎng)孩子獨(dú)立自主的能力。他們給孩子提供大量的學(xué)習(xí)獨(dú)立思考技能的機(jī)會，讓孩子認(rèn)識到獨(dú)立自主的能力可以提升他們在課堂內(nèi)外的學(xué)習(xí)效率及表現(xiàn)。此外，他們還給孩子有限的選擇，尊重孩子的偏好，幫助孩子出色地完成各項(xiàng)任務(wù)，以這種方式鼓勵他們獨(dú)立自主。他們還讓孩子參與籌劃和決策的過程，讓他們提出自己的看法。尤其重要的是，他們鼓勵孩子獨(dú)立完成各項(xiàng)任務(wù)一包括日常家務(wù)活，并經(jīng)常給予正面的鼓勵，避免對

Reference:

Compared

with

the

childhood

of

their

parents,

children

nowdo

enjoy

a

far

better

material

life,

but

their

emotional

lifeseems

less

satisfying.

They

are

less

likely

to

play

with

theirpeers,

for

toys

have

replaced

their

playmates

as

their

mostloyal

friends.

Their

parents

can

always

afford

to

buy

them

allkinds

of

expensive

toys.

The

good

thing

about

this

is

thatthey

no

longer

pester

their

parents

to

play

with

them

all

daylong,

because

toys

and

video

games

have

lessened

theirfeelings

of

loneliness.

But

there

are

also

negative

effects:The

addiction

to

toys

and

video

games

may

cause

a

child'seyesighto

2

deteriorate

orresultinreluctance

tocommunicate

with

others.

These

phenomena

should

demandthe

attention

of

both

parents

and

schools.

Translation

1

Reference;

《格爾尼卡》是西班牙藝術(shù)家巴勃羅●畢加索1937年為抗.

議轟炸西班牙北部一個小村莊而作的一幅巨型壁畫。這、幅大型壁畫高3.49米，寬7.76米，展示了暴力和混亂給人和動物帶來的苦難以及對建筑物的破壞。令人吃驚的是，整個壁畫的色調(diào)由灰、黑、白組成，沒有用鮮艷的紅色來表現(xiàn)血腥的場面，但恐怖的景象卻歷歷在目。畫面.上的人物并非用寫實(shí)主義的畫法來表現(xiàn)，而是采用立體派和抽象派的畫法，但無辜平民慘遭屠殺的慘象卻一公目了然:一位母親懷抱死嬰，張嘴尖叫，她仰面朝天，不傷心欲絕:一位士兵橫尸地上，手里還緊握著-把斷劍:另外三個人也都處于震驚和痛苦之中。畫面中的動物一-包括一匹受傷的馬和一只哭泣的鳥一也都被描繪成這次屠殺的無辜受害者。毫無疑問，描繪這些扭曲變形的駭人慘象的目的就是讓觀眾感到震驚。這種對人類悲苦慘狀的描繪是對戰(zhàn)爭的殘酷和荒謬的深刻控訴。Translation

2

Reference:

In

the

Mogao

caves

in

Dunhuang,

the

murals

with“flyingapsaras"

are

one

of

the

most

wellknown

artefacts.

The

flyingapsaras

in

the

Dunhuang

Grotto

Murals

are

a

product

of

theintermixing

of

Indian

and

Chinese

culture.

In

India,

flyingcelestial

beings

called

“l(fā)ying

apsaras”

appear

mostly

inmurals

in

Buddhist

caves,

while

in

the

Chinese

Daoisttradition,

flying

celestial

beings

are

known

as

“flyingimmortals".

During

the

Wei,

Jin,

and

Northern

and

Southerndynasties,

when

the

introduction

of

Buddhism

in

China

wasat

an

early

stage,

people

began

to

use

the

term

?！癴lyingapsaras"

to

refer

to

the

flying

immortals

in

the

murals.

Later,with

the

development

of

Buddhism

in'

China,

the

artisticimages

of

Buddhist

flying

apsaras

and

Daoist

flyingimmortals

merged

with

each

other.

The

flying

apsaras

in

theDunhuang

Grotto

Murals

are

a

most

ingenious

creation

ofancient

Chinese

artists,

and

a

marvel

in

the

history

of

worldart.

Translation

1

Reference:

在歐洲，家庭是近幾十年來發(fā)生變化最大的領(lǐng)域之一。廠傳統(tǒng)的歐洲核心家庭由一-對已婚父母和幾個孩子構(gòu)成，但現(xiàn)在這種家庭只是諸多選擇中的一個。日益下降的結(jié)婚率、離婚人數(shù)的增加、人們對同居的普遍接受、同性婚姻的合法化、日漸下降的生育率讓歐盟家庭的平均人口數(shù)下降到了2.4人。家庭對人們來說依然是至關(guān)重要.的。84%的歐洲人認(rèn)為家庭非常重要，這個數(shù)字是那些認(rèn)為朋友很重要的人數(shù)的兩倍。也許影響最為重大的一-些變化和生育有關(guān)，因?yàn)殡S著時間的推移這些變化會引發(fā)人口結(jié)構(gòu)上的重要改變。在整個歐洲，人們不再把生育子女看作是對社會的責(zé)任，而是把它視為諸多生活選項(xiàng)中的一個。在很多國家，丁克的做法被廣泛接受。這些改變背后的推動力似乎是個體化。追求獨(dú)立自主、隱私、自我實(shí)現(xiàn)和個人幸福的價(jià)值觀已經(jīng)變得越來越重要，這讓那些注重集體目標(biāo)的價(jià)值觀失去了容身之所。

Translation

2

Reference:

China,

with

the

largest

population

of

elderly

people

in

theworld,

has

become

an

ageing

society.

Meanwhile,

China

isalso

a

country

undergoing

social

transition.

It

will

be

a

longtime

before

a

sound

social

welfare

system

can

be

established,which

means

that

China

is

in

a

unique

situation

when

itcomes

to

care

of

its

ageing

population.

It

is

predicted

that

inthe

next

50

years,

family

care

for

the

aged

will

still

be

thedominant

practice

in

China.

Filial

picty

has

always

been

asignificant

part

of

traditional

Chinese

ethics.

In

today'sageing

society,

it

will

be

all

the

more

important

to

promiotethe

virtue

of

filial

piety,

as

it

will

continue

to

play

a

crucialrole

in

encouraging

people

to

take

good

care

of

their

elderlyfamily

members

by

providing

daily

care

and

emotional

Translation

1

Reference:

美國夢是美國民族精神的體現(xiàn)。簡而言之，其觀念就是美國是一個充滿機(jī)會的地方:在那里，只要肯努力奮斗，就能獲得富裕、成功。這種對改善社會地位和經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況少的信仰，即美國人可以從卑微的窮人變?yōu)楦蝗说男叛觯?-直被稱為“國民宗教”。在經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和社會地位上獲得巨大提升的著名案例包括本杰明●富蘭克林和亨利福特。其他從父輩到子輩就實(shí)現(xiàn)從美國下層社會躋身上流社會的最為人津津樂道的例子是亞伯拉罕●林肯和比爾克林頓。他們雖然出身于工人階級家庭，卻在成年之后當(dāng)上了高官。民意測驗(yàn)表明，現(xiàn)在美國人的這個信念比以往任何時候都強(qiáng)，比其他任何發(fā)達(dá)國家的都強(qiáng)。但是，近年來，幾項(xiàng)大型的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與同類國家相比,<美國的垂直代際社會流動性降低。2013年，布魯金斯學(xué)會的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，收入的不平等正變得更加固定，從而大大降低了社會流動性。2014

年發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)大型學(xué)術(shù)研究的結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)在過去的20年里，收入的流動性沒有發(fā)生顯著的變化。Translation

2

Reference:

Women

are

an

important

part

of

the

labour

force.

But

genderdiscrimination

in

the

job

market

still

exists,

and

serves

as

acounterforce

to

the

building

of

a

harmonious

society.

As

faras

employees

are

concerned,

jobs

that

do

not

suit

theirtalents

will

not

only

give

rise

to

a

waste

of

the

investment

inhuman

capital,

but

also

cause

them

to

lose

faith

in

socialjustice.

As

for

employers,

gender

discrimination

will

notonly

disrupt

the

process

of

selecting

talent,and

thus

wastetalent,

but

will

also

harm

the

perception

of

a

properlyfunctioning

market.

On

the

level

of

society,

genderdiscrimination

will

set

an

obstacle

to

the

proper

distributionof

human

resources,

and

damage

a

fair

environment

in

thejob

market.

Translation

1

Reference:

1908年，安娜●賈維斯在西弗吉尼亞州的格拉夫頓市為自己的母親舉行了一個追思會，這是人們第一次慶祝母親節(jié)這個現(xiàn)代美國節(jié)日。賈維斯深愛的母親于1905年去世，從這年開始她就積極開展活動，要讓母親節(jié)成為美國的正式節(jié)日。經(jīng)過安娜●賈維斯的努力，1914年伍德羅威爾遜總統(tǒng)簽署公告設(shè)立母親節(jié)，使它成為一個向母親致敬的全國性節(jié)日。盡管賈維斯成功地創(chuàng)立了母親節(jié)，但是.母親節(jié)的商業(yè)化很快就讓她感到了不滿。到了20世紀(jì)20年代初，很多公司開始出售母親節(jié)賀卡，賈維斯對這種.在她看來是誤解和開發(fā)利用母親節(jié)的行為感到痛心，她提出抗議甚至試圖要廢除母親節(jié)。這個節(jié)日的初衷是讓大家向母親表示感謝和敬意，采取的形式應(yīng)該是寫親筆信傳達(dá)愛意和感激，而不是通過買禮物和賀卡這樣的方式。賈維斯創(chuàng)立的這個節(jié)日現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是全球性的節(jié)日。不同的國家慶祝母親節(jié)的日期有所不同。在很多國家，例如澳大利亞、加拿大和美國，人們慶祝母親節(jié)的日子是五月的第二個星期天。

Translation

2

Reference:

The

Spring

Festival

is

the

most

important

traditional

holidayin

China.

But

in

recent

years,

many

people

have

complainedthat

the

celebratory

atmosphere

of

lunar

New

Year

is

not

asstrong

as

it

used

to

be,

and

it

is

hard

for

them

to

regain

thatwonderful

feeling

in

their

memories.

In

fact,

in

the

past,

itwas

only

during

the

Spring

Festival

that

people

could

enjoydelicious

food

and

wear

new

clothes.

This

explains

why

thisholiday

was

so

important

to

Chinese

people.

But

with

therapid

devclopment

of

the

Chinese

cconomy

and

anincreasingly

rich

material

life,

the

ways

in

which

Chinesepeople

celebrate

the

Spring

Festival

have

changed.

Forinstance,

more

and

more

Chinese

people

choose

to

travelduring

the

Spring

Festival.

Nonetheless,

for

Chinese

people,the

Spring

Festival

plays

an

irreplaceable

role

in

theirculture

Translation

1

Reference;

英雄是美國人文化和身份認(rèn)同的必要組成部分。在美國，英雄人物是以各種不同的形象出現(xiàn)的，他們反映了不同的價(jià)值觀。美國人從孩提時代起就學(xué)習(xí)那些為建立國家而奮斗的政治家和宗教領(lǐng)袖，學(xué)習(xí)那些建國后塑造美國歷史的人。他們是歷史上真實(shí)存在的人，因?yàn)樵诿绹▏^程中發(fā)揮了巨大的作用而被提升為英雄，比如喬治華盛頓和亞伯拉罕林肯。在通俗文化中，漫畫書中的超級英雄以前一直是，

并將繼續(xù)是一-支主力軍。從20世紀(jì)早期開始，這些描述超級英雄冒險(xiǎn)奇遇的漫畫書，如少《超人》，就日益走紅。運(yùn)動員成為英雄這種現(xiàn)象是最近才在英雄人物史中出現(xiàn)的。以美國為甚，隨著職業(yè)體育的興起，出現(xiàn)了知名的運(yùn)動員，他們在運(yùn)動場上的表

Translation

2

Reference:

,

China

is

one

of

the

countries

that

are

most

affected

bynatural

disasters.

In

peacetime,

rescue

and

relief

work

is

animportant

part

of

the

mission

of

the

Chinese

military.China's

armed

forces

always

form

task

forces

for

rescue

andrelief

work,

taking

on

the

most

urgent,

most

difficult

andmost

dangerous

jobs.

Chinese

military

personnel

performtheir

rescue

and

relief

work

as

if

they

were

fighting

a

war,sometimes

even

at

the

risk

of

their

own

lives,

Whenever

thePeople's

Liberation

Army

(PLA)

arrives

at

an

area

hit

by

anatural

disaster,

the

local

people

will

welcome

them

warmlyand

feel

greatly

relieved.

The

sense

of

organization,professionalism

and

efficiency

they

have

displayed

hashelped

them

win

the

trust

and

praise

of

the

public.

Translation

1

Reference:

;

“希臘神話”指的是古代希臘關(guān)于神靈和英雄的各種傳說的合集，這些傳說描述了他們的宗教活動和世界觀。希臘神話包含了大量的故事，有些故事解釋了世界的起源，有些則詳細(xì)描述了各種不同的男女神靈、男女英雄和神話動物的生活及冒險(xiǎn)奇遇。雖然現(xiàn)在我們主要是通過書面形式的希臘文學(xué)了解這些故事，但起初它們是以口頭詩歌的形式創(chuàng)作并傳播