考研考博-英語-嘉興南洋職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-嘉興南洋職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

PresidentClinton’sdecisiononApr.8tosendChinesePremierZhuRongjipackingwithoutanagreementonChina’sentryintotheWorldTradeOrganizationseemedtobeamassivemiscalculation.ThePresidenttookadrubbingfrommuchofthepress,whichhadbreathlesslyreportedthatadealwasinthebag.TheCabinetandWhiteHousestillappeareddivided,andbusinessleaderswerecharacterizedasfuriousoverthelostopportunity.ZhuchargedthatClintonlacked‘thecourage”toreachanaccord.AndwhenClintonlatertelephonedtheangryZhutopledgearenewedeffortatnegotiations,thegesturewaswidelyportrayedasaflip-flop.

Infact,ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal.Alotmorehorsetradingisneededbeforeafinalagreementcanbereached.AndwithouttheAdministration’sgoalofa“bullet-proofagreement”thatbusinesslobbyistscanenthusiasticallyselltoaRepublicanCongress,thewholeprocesswillendupinpartisanacrimonythatcouldharmrelationswithChinaforyears.

THEHARDPART.Manybusinesslobbyists,whiledisappointedthatthedealwasnotclosed,agreethatbettertermscanstillbehad.AndTreasury,SecretaryRobertE.Rubin,NationalEconomicCouncilDirectorGeneB.Spelling,CommerceSecretaryWilliamM.Daley,andtoptradenegotiatorCharleneBarshefskyalladvisedClintonthatwhiletheChinesehadmadearemarkablenumberofconcessions,“we’renotthereyet，’’accordingtoseniorofficials.

NegotiatingwithZhuovertheremainingissuesmaybetheeasypart.AlthoughClintoncansignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentryintotheWTOhimself,heneedsCongresstograntBeijingpermanentmost-favored-nationstatusaspartofabroadtradeaccord.AndthetemptationformeddlingonCapitalHillmayproveover-whelming.ZhuhadbarelylandedbeforeSenateMajorityLeaderTrentLott(R-Miss)declaredhimselfskepticalthatChinadeservedentryintotheWTO.AndSenatorJesseA.Helms(R-NC)andErnestF.Hollings(D-S.C)promisedtointroduceabillrequiringcongressionalapprovalofanydeal.

Thehiddenmessagefromthesethreetextile-stateSoutherners:GetmoreprotectionfortheUS.clothingindustry.Hopingtosmooththeway,theAdministrationtried,butfailed,tobudgeZhuontextiles.Alsoleftinthelurch:WallStreet,Hollywood,andDetroit.ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon"cultural"restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing.

BIGJOB.Already,businesslobbyistsareblanketingCapitolHilltopresaleanyeventualagreement,butwhatthey'veheardsofarisn'tencouragingRepublicans,includingLott,saythat"thetimejustisn’tright”forthedeal.Translation:We'redeterminedtomakeitlookasifClintonhascapitulatedtotheChineseandisignoringhuman,religious,andlaborrightsviolations;thetheftofnuclear-weaponstechnology;andthesaleofmissilepartstoAmerica'senemies.Beijing'sfiercecriticswithintheDemocraticParty,suchasSenatorPaulD.WellstoneofMinnesotaandHouseMinorityleaderRichardA.GephardtofMissouri,won'thelp,either.

JusthowtoughthelobbyingjobonCapitolHillwillbebecomeclearonApr.20,whenRubinlectured19chiefexecutivesontheneedtodisciplinetheirRepublicanallies.WithbusinessandtheWhiteHousestilltradingchargesoverwhoisresponsibleforthedefeatoffast-tracktradenegotiatinglegislationin1997,workingtogetherwon'tbeeasy.AndRepublicans-withawink-saythatthey'lleventuallyembraceChina'sentryintotheWTOasafavortoCorporateAmenity.ThoughnotlongbeforetheytortureClinton.ButZhuisoutonalimb,andifCongressoverdoesthecriticism,hemaybeforcedbydomesticcriticstorenege.BusinessmustmakethismuchdeartobothitsGOPalliesandtheWhiteHouse:Thishistoricdealistooimportanttorisklosingtoanymorepartisansquabbling.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

3.Whatdoesthesentence"Alsoleftinthelurch:WallStreet,Hollywood,Detroit"convey?

4.WhoplaystheleadingpartinthedealinAmerica?

5.WhatwastheattitudeoftheRepublicanPartytowardChina'sentryintotheWTO?

A.ContradictoryB.AppreciativeC.Disapproving.D.Detestful.

問題1選項

A.TheContradictionbetweentheDemocraticPartyandtheRepublicanParty

B.OnChina’sentryintoWTO

C.Clintonwasright

D.BusinessLobbyistsControlCapitolHill

問題2選項

A.Americawillmakeconcessions

B.AmericawillholdoutforabetterWTO

C.ClintonhastherighttosignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentry

D.DemocraticpartyapproveChina’sentryintotheWTO

問題3選項

A.PremierZhurejectedtheirrequirements.

B.Thethreeplacesoverdidcriticism.

C.Theywantedmoreprotection.

D.Theyareintrouble.

問題4選項

A.WhiteHouse

B.Republicans

C.TheDemocraticParty

D.Businessmen.

問題5選項

A.Contradictory

B.Appreciative

C.Disapproving.

D.Detestful.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章的主旨句為:ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal(克林頓故意拖延以謀取更多的利益的決定是正確的)。

2.推斷題。題干問的是從文章中推斷出什么。選項C:克林頓有簽署批準中國入世之權(quán)。D：民主黨贊成中國加入世貿(mào)，這兩項都是事實,因此排除。選項B:美國會故意拖延以求取得更好的條件。根據(jù)文章推斷這可能性小。推斷選項A(美國將會作出讓步)正確。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位至第五段，題干句子后一句:ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon"cultural"restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing(朱镕基拒絕開放利潤豐厚的中國證券市場，堅持對美國電影和音樂實行“文化”限制。他還阻止了美國汽車制造商提供車隊融資)。因此A項(朱總理拒絕了他們的要求)正確。

4.細節(jié)題。通過文章內(nèi)容推斷商界在美國的交易中起主導作用。

5.態(tài)度方向。共和黨一開始是反對的。第六段說時間不對。最后一段共和黨一下子有所改變，他們最終將會接受中國加入世貿(mào)組織以表示對整體美國的好感。不管是商人院外活動集團的作用，還是明確指出重開談判的重要性。這一歷史事件太重要絕不能因黨爭而失去機會。共和黨縱然心中不愿，也不得不接受現(xiàn)實。心情是矛盾的。由此得出選擇A:矛盾。

2.單選題

Thecurrentgeneralslacknessofthemarkethaspreventedusfrom（）neworderswithyou.

問題1選項

A.placing

B.putting

C.arranging

D.providing

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)題意和選項可知本題考查固定搭配placeorderwithsb.“向某人發(fā)出訂單”，因此選項B、C、D均不符合題意，選項A為正確選項。句意：目前市場普遍不景氣，使我們無法向貴方下新訂單。

3.單選題

Whenprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld,somethingstrangehappenedtothelargeanimals.Theysuddenlybecameextinct.Smallerspeciessurvived.Thelarge,slow-growinganimalswereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappeningintheoceans.

Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.WhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Theyhavelookedathalfacenturyofdatafromfisheriesaroundtheworld.Theirmethodsdonotattempttoestimatetheactualbiomass(theamountoflivingbiologicalmatter)offishspeciesinparticularpartsoftheocean,butratherchangesinthatbiomassovertime.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalvedagainsincethen.

Dr.Wormacknowledgesthatthesefiguresareconservative.Onereasonforthisisthatfishingtechnologyhasimproved.Today’svesselscanfindtheirpreyusingsatellitesandsonar,whichwerenotavailable50yearsago.Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes.Intheearlydays,too,longlineswouldhavebeenmoresaturatedwithfish.Someindividualswouldthereforenothavebeencaught,sincenobaitedhookswouldhavebeenavailabletotrapthem,leadingtoanunderestimateoffishstocksinthepast.Furthermore,intheearlydaysoflonglinefishing,alotoffishwerelosttosharksaftertheyhadbeenhooked.Thatisnolongeraproblem,becausetherearefewersharksaroundnow.

Dr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagementeffortsmusttakeintoaccount.Theybelievethedatasupportanideacurrentamongmarinebiologists,thatofthe“shiftingbaseline”.Thenotionisthatpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhichhavehappenedintheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshorttimeintothepast.Thatmattersbecausetheorysuggeststhatthemaximumsustainableyieldthatcanbecroppedfromafisherycomeswhenthebiomassofatargetspeciesisabout50%ofitsoriginallevels.Mostfisheriesarewellbelowthat,whichisabadwaytodobusiness.

1.Theextinctionoflargeprehistoricanimalsisnotedtosuggestthat______.

2.WecaninferfromDr.MyersandDr.Worm’spaperthat______.

3.Bysayingthesefiguresareconservative(line1,inparagraph3),Dr.Wormmeansthat______.

4.Dr.Myersandotherresearcherholdthat______.

5.Theauthorseemstobemainlyconcernedwithmostfisheries’______.

問題1選項

A.largeanimalwerevulnerabletothechangingenvironment

B.smallspeciessurvivedaslargeanimalsdisappeared

C.largeseaanimalsmayfacethesamethreattoday

D.slow-growingfishoutlivefast-growingones

問題2選項

A.thestockoflargepredatorsinsomeoldfisherieshasreducedby90%

B.thereareonlyhalfasmanyfisheriesastherewere15yearsago

C.thecatchsizesinnewfisheriesareonly20%oftheoriginalamount

D.thenumberoflargepredatordroppedfasterinnewfisheriesthanintheold

問題3選項

A.fishingtechnologyhasimprovedrapidly

B.thencatch-sizesareactuallysmallerthanrecorded

C.themarinebiomasshassufferedagreaterloss

D.thedatecollectedsofarareoutofdate

問題4選項

A.peopleshouldlookforabaselinethatcan’tworkforalongertime

B.fisheriesshouldkeeptheyieldbelow50%ofthebiomass

C.theoceanbiomassshouldrestoreitsoriginallevel

D.peopleshouldadjustthefishingbaselinetochangingsituation

問題5選項

A.managementefficiency

B.biomasslevel

C.catch-sizelimits

D.technologicalapplication

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“大型史前動物的滅絕暗示什么？”。第一段最后一句Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappeningintheoceans（現(xiàn)在類似的事情可能正在海洋中發(fā)生），由此推斷，文中提到史前動物的滅絕是暗示海洋生物也會面臨同樣的問題。A項“大型動物很容易受到環(huán)境的影響”，B項“小物種幸存下來而大物種消失了”和D項“生長緩慢的魚比生長迅速的魚更長壽”都不是大型動物滅絕暗示的現(xiàn)象，所以該題C項正確。

2.【試題解析】細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“我們從Dr.MyersandDr.Worm’s的論文中可以推測出什么？”。根據(jù)本題關(guān)鍵詞“Dr.MyersandDr.Worm’spaper”定位到本文第二段最后一句AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,thebiomassoflargepredators(animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals)inanewfisheryisreducedonaverageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalvedagainsincethen（根據(jù)他們在《自然》雜志上發(fā)表的最新論文，在新漁場開始捕撈的15年內(nèi)，大型捕食動物（殺死并吃掉其他動物的動物）的生物量平均減少了80%。在一些長期捕魚的地區(qū)，從那時起，它又減少了一半），由此推斷，文中提到大型捕食動物平均減少80%，所以可以推測出在一些老的漁場，已經(jīng)減少了90%。B項“這里的漁場數(shù)量只有15年前的一半”說法錯誤，文中沒有漁場數(shù)量15年之間的對比；C項“新漁場的漁獲量只有原來的20%”說法錯誤，是指平均下降80%，沒有說就只有20%，該說法過于絕對；D項“新漁場的大型捕食者的數(shù)量比舊漁場下降得更快”說法錯誤，根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，應(yīng)該是舊漁場下降得更快。所以該題A項正確。

3.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“通過說這些數(shù)字是保守的（第三段第一行），Worm博士的意思是？”。根據(jù)本題直接定位到本文第三段第四句Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sotherealdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatchsizes（這意味著更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕撈，所以現(xiàn)在和過去之間的真正差異可能比捕撈規(guī)模變化所記錄的更糟糕），由此可知因為科技的進步給捕魚帶來的巨大的方便，但是這些數(shù)字是保守估計是因為海洋生物遭受了更大的破壞。A項“捕魚技術(shù)進步很快”是給捕魚帶來了方便，但不符合本題題意；B項“捕魚量實際上比記錄的要小”該說法沒有原文依據(jù)，原文只提到海洋生物遭受了更大的破壞；D項“到目前為止收集到的日期已經(jīng)過時了”與本題無關(guān)。所以該題C項正確。

4.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“邁爾斯博士和其他研究人員認為？”。根據(jù)本題關(guān)鍵詞“Dr.Myers”定位到本文最后一段第一句Dr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagementeffortsmusttakeintoaccount（邁爾斯和沃姆博士認為，他們的工作給出了一個正確的基線，未來的管理工作必須加以考慮），由此可知應(yīng)該要調(diào)整捕魚的基線來改變當前的狀態(tài)。A項“人們應(yīng)該尋找一個長期不起作用的基準”說法錯誤，是要尋找一個有效的基線；B項“漁業(yè)應(yīng)將產(chǎn)量保持在生物量的50%以下”，該說法錯誤，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句可知應(yīng)當是保持在50%，而不是50%之下；C項“海洋生物量應(yīng)該恢復到原來的水平”說法不全面，是要恢復到原始水平的50%。所以該題D項正確。

5.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者似乎主要關(guān)注大多數(shù)漁業(yè)的什么？”。A項“管理效率”；B項“生物量水平”；C項“捕獲的大小限制”；D項“技術(shù)應(yīng)用”。整篇文章都是圍繞海洋生物的量展開的，而且文章中反復出現(xiàn)了“biomass”，所以可知，作者大多關(guān)注海洋生物總量的變化。所以該題B項正確。

4.單選題

Inanunfinishedbuthighlysuggestiveseriesofessays,thelateSarahEisensteinhasfocusedattentionontheevolutionofworkingwomen’svaluesfromtheturnofthecenturytotheFirstWorldWar.Eisensteinarguesthatturn-of-the-centurywomenneitherwhollyacceptednorrejectedwhatshecallsthedominant“ideologyofdomesticity,”butrathertookthisandotheravailableideologies—feminism,socialism,tradeunionism—andmodifiedoradaptedtheminlightoftheirownexperiencesandneeds.Inthusmaintainingthatwage-workhelpedtoproduceanew“consciousness”amongwomen,Eisensteintosomeextentchallengestherecent,controversialproposalbyLeslieTenderthatforwomentheworkexperienceonlyservedtoreinforcetheattractivenessofthedominantideology.AccordingtoTender,thedegradingconditionsunderwhichmanyfemalewageearnersworkedmadethemviewthefamilyasasourceofpowerandesteemavailablenowhereelseintheirsocialworld.Incontrast,Eisenstein’sstudyinsiststhatwage-workhadotherimplicationsforwomen’sidentitiesandconsciousness.Mostimportantly,herworkaimstodemonstratethatwage-workenabledwomentobecomeawareofthemselvesasadistinctsocialgroupcapableofdefiningtheircollectivecircumstance.Eisensteininsiststhatasagroupworking-classwomenwerenotabletocometocollectiveconsciousnessoftheirsituationuntiltheybeganenteringthelaborforce,becausedomesticworktendedtoisolatethemfromoneanother.

Unfortunately,Eisenstein’sunfinishedstudydoesnotdeveloptheseideasinsufficientdepthordetail,offeringtantalizinghintsratherthananexhaustiveanalysis.WhateverEisenstein’soverallplanmayhavebeen,initscurrentformherstudysuffersfromthelimitednatureofthesourcesshedependedon.Sheusesthespeechesandwritingsofreformersandlabororganizers,whosheacknowledgeswerefarfromrepresentative,asthevoiceofthetypicalwomanworker.Andthereislessthanadequateattentiongiventothedifferingvaluesofimmigrantgroupsthatmadeupasignificantproportionofthepopulationunderinvestigation.Whileraisingimportantquestions,Eisenstein’sessaysdonotprovidedefinitiveanswers,anditremainsforotherstotakeupthechallengestheyoffer.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,inEisenstein’sview,workingwomenattheturnofthecenturyhad

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthepassage?

4.Whatdoestheword“tantalizing”(Line2,Para.2)probablymean?

5.WhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoapproveasacontinuationofEisenstein’sstudy?

問題1選項

A.criticizeascholar’sassumptionsandmethodology

B.evaluateanapproachtowomen’sstudy

C.comparetwosociologicaltheories

D.correctamisconceptionaboutfeministtheory

問題2選項

A.Theyresentedthedominantideologyasdegrading.

B.Theypreferredthedominantideologytootheravailableideologies.

C.Theybelievedthatthedominantideologyisolatedthemfromoneanother.

D.Theyacceptedsomebutnotallaspectsofthedominantideology.

問題3選項

A.Achronologicalaccountofahistoricaldevelopmentispresented,andthenfuturedevelopmentsarepredicted.

B.Atermisdefinedaccordingtoseveraldifferentschoolsofthought,andthenanewdefinitionisformulated.

C.Atheoryispresented,analternativeviewpointisintroduced,andthenthereasoningbehindtheinitialtheoryissummarized.

D.Atentativeproposalismade,reasonsforandagainstitareweighed,andthenamodifiedversionoftheproposalisoffered.

問題4選項

A.tempting

B.annoying

C.dubious

D.formal

問題5選項

A.Atheoreticalstudyofhowsocialismandfeminisminfluencedoneanotherattheturnofthecentury.

B.Ananalysisoflettersanddiarieswrittenbytypicalfemalewageearnersattheturnofthecentury.

C.Anassessmentofwhatdifferentsocialandpoliticalgroupsdefinedasthedominantideologyintheearlytwentiethcentury.

D.Adocumentaryaccountoflabor’sroleintheintroductionofwomenintothelaborforce.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章主旨句，在最后一段“Whileraisingimportantquestions,Eisenstein’sessaysdonotprovidedefinitiveanswers,anditremainsforotherstotakeupthechallengestheyoffer.”，中文翻譯為：盡管提出了重要的問題，但是Eisenstein的文章沒有提供確切的答案，它仍需要其他人去接受這些問題提供的挑戰(zhàn)?？梢耘袛嘀挥蠦項“評估了研究女人的一種方法”正確。

2.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到原文第一段“Eisensteinarguesthatturn-of-the-centurywomenneitherwhollyacceptednorrejectedwhatshecallsthedominant“ideologyofdomesticity,”butrathertookthisandotheravailableideologies―feminism,socialism,tradeunionism―andmodifiedoradaptedtheminlightoftheirownexperiencesandneeds.”中文大意為：Eisenstein認為世紀之交的女性既不完全接受也不完全拒絕她所謂的占主導地位的“家庭生活意識形態(tài)”，相反，她們接受這種意識形態(tài)和其他可用的意識形態(tài)，如女權(quán)主義、社會主義和工會主義，并且根據(jù)她們自己的經(jīng)歷和需要來修改或改編這些意識形態(tài)。D選項“她們接受了一些，而不是占主導地位的意識形態(tài)的所有方面”正確，符合題意。

3.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位到原文首段“Eisensteinarguesthatturn-of-the-centurywomenneitherwhollyacceptednorrejectedwhatshecallsthedominant‘ideologyofdomesticity,’butrathertookthisandotheravailableideologies―feminism,socialism,tradeunionism―andmodifiedoradaptedtheminlightoftheirownexperiencesandneeds.”中文翻譯為：Eisenstein認為世紀之交的女性既不完全接受也不完全拒絕她所謂的占主導地位的“家庭生活意識形態(tài)”，相反，她們接受這種意識形態(tài)和其他可用的意識形態(tài)，如女權(quán)主義、社會主義和工會主義，并且根據(jù)她們自己的經(jīng)歷和需要來修改或改編這些意識形態(tài)，以及“...Eisensteintosomeextentchallengestherecent,controversialproposalbyLeslieTender…”中文翻譯為：在一定程度上，Eisenstein質(zhì)疑LeslieTender……最近提出的有爭議的提議，判斷C選項“提出一種理論，引出一種互斥的觀點，然后總結(jié)第一個理論背后的推理”，正確。

4.【試題解析】詞匯題。A:tempting“吸引人的”；B:annoying“討厭的；惱人的”；C:dubious“可疑的；曖昧的；無把握的；半信半疑的”；D:formal“正式的；拘謹?shù)?；有條理的”。題干關(guān)鍵詞“tantalizing”意為：誘人的。故選A。

5.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文最后一段“Sheusesthespeechesandwritingsofreformersandlabororganizers,whosheacknowledgeswerefarfromrepresentative,asthevoiceofthetypicalwomanworker.”中文翻譯為：她（即Eisenstein）使用自己承認遠非代表人物的改革者和勞工組織的發(fā)言和作品來充當?shù)湫偷呐怨ぷ髡叩穆曇簟Ｒ虼薆選項“分析世紀之交的典型女性工薪階層所寫的信和日記”符合題意。

5.翻譯題

小班上課要求學生參與討論，因此他們不再被動聽課。在與老師和同學進行學術(shù)交流時，他們的能力大幅度提高。這種交流有助于教師在考試前了解學生掌握了哪些知識，因此能提高自己的教學質(zhì)量。這樣的課程需要教師們精力充沛、富有想象、認真思考，所有這一切可能令人身心疲憊，但卻能促使學生對自己的學業(yè)負責。

【答案】Smallclassesrequirestudentstoparticipateindiscussions,sotheynolongerlistenpassively.Theirabilitiesaregreatlyimprovedinacademicexchangeswithteachersandclassmates.Thiskindofcommunicationhelpsteacherstoknowwhatstudentshavemasteredbeforetheexam,thusimprovingthequalityoftheirteaching.Suchcoursesrequireenergetic,imaginativeandthoughtfulteachers,allofwhichcanbeexhausting,butcanmakestudentstakeresponsibilityfortheirstudies.

6.單選題

WhentheBastillefellin1789,manyobserversconcludedthatFrancehadjoinedtheUnitedStatesintheattempttobecomeanenlightenedrepublic.Eversince,eyewitnesses―andthenhistorians—havesoughttoexplainthecomplexconnectionsbetweentheserevolutions.Scholarshipfallsintotwogeneralcamps:authorswhocomparetherevolutions’trajectoriesandachievements;andthosewhoareinterestedinimpact,howeachcountryinfluencedtheother.BothapproachesarecentraltonarrativesoftheearlyUnitedStates,affectinginterpretationsofnationalism,politicallife,andtheeconomy,amongotherissues.

Forallthatweknowaboutthese'sisterrepublics,’PhilippZiesche’sCosmopolitanPatriotsandDoinaPascaHarsanyi’sLessonsfromAmericaremindushowmuchremainsunderexplored.TheseworksshednewlightontherelationshipbetweenFranceandtheUnitedStatesinthe1790s,andtheydosothroughthepurviewofmigrants.ZieschefocusesoneliteAmericanswhoweredrawntoParisforideologicalandeconomicreasons,whileHarsanyiconsidersFrenchnobleswhofoundthemselvesonthewrongsideofrevolutionandendedupintemporaryexileinPhiladelphia.Forbothhistorians,theseemigrantsofferanadvantageousperspectivebecauseoftheirdislocation.Althoughthemotivationforeachgroup’smovediffered(onewasvoluntarily,theothernot),marginalityintheirhostnationsledthemtoreflect,withkeeninsight,onwhattheUnitedStatescouldlearnfromFranceandviceversa.Theirexperiences,theauthorsargue,showushowsomeinfluentialmenmadesenseofthereverberationsofrevolutions.

PhilippZiesche’sAmericansinParisarefamiliarfaces,includingThomasJefferson,GouverneurMorris,ThomasPaine,JoelBarlow,andJamesMonroe.ForZiesche’spurposes,what’smostimportantaboutthese“patriots”istheircosmopolitanism—theirbeliefthatallmenwere‘fellowcitizensoftheworld,’unitedbyacommonsetofvaluesthatelidednational,religious,linguistic,andotherdifferences.ThisnotionencouragedthemtotraveltoParisinthe1790s,thinkingthatthey,armedwithrepublicanknow-how,couldbeusefultotheirFrenchcounterpartsinthetranslationofuniversalidealsintopractice.Buttheprojectofcreatingrepublicannationswas,toacertainextent,atoddswithcosmopolitanism,sincenations,itwasbelieved,reflectedthemoresandmannersuniquetoapopulationandplace.Zieschepointsout,however,thatindividualnationalprojectsalwayslookedelsewhereforinstruction,andtheyderivedlegitimacy,inpart,fromofficialrecognitionbyothernations.Universalismwasaninescapablecomponentofnationalism.

The‘cosmopolitanpatriots’werewellawareofthetensionbetweentheparticularandtheuniversalinthemakingofrepublicannations,andtheirwrestlingwiththisdynamicintheFrenchcontextinfluencedtheirvisionfortheUnitedStates.Eachchapterexploresanaspectofthisproblemthroughoneormoreindividuals,allthewhileprogressingchronologicallythroughthedecade.ZieschebeginswithThomasJeffersonandGouverneurMorrisandtheirimpressionsofthenewFrenchconstitutionof1789,andhethenconsidersthedivergentstancesofWilliamShortandJeffersonontheJacobinsandrevolutionaryviolence.

1.Whatmakesscholarshipfallintothetwocampsaccordingtothepassage?

2.WhatisthecommongroundbetweenthetwohistoriansofPhilippZiescheandDoinaPascaHarsanyi?

3.Theword“elided”inParagraph3refersto（）.

4.Whoarethose“cosmopolitanpatriots”accordingtothepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeaddedtothepassage?

問題1選項

A.Whothosecosmopolitanpatriotsare.

B.Whatthosecosmopolitanpatriotsdidtothenewrepublics.

C.TherelationshipbetweenAmericanRevolutionandFrenchRevolutionintheeighteenthcentury.

D.ThelessonsfromAmericanRevolutionandFrenchRevolution.

問題2選項

A.Thesameexplanationofnationalismanduniversalism.

B.TheexplorativeexplanationoftheconnectionsbetweenrevolutionstakingplaceintheUnitedStatesandFrancefromtheperspectiveofmigrants.

C.ThecommoninterestinfindingthesamedrivebehindtheAmericannationalismandFrenchnationalism.

D.Thebeliefthatallmenareunitedbythesamesetofvalues.

問題3選項

A.elicited

B.elevated

C.ignored

D.illustrated

問題4選項

A.TheinfluentialAmericanimmigrantsinFrance.

B.ThoseelitesinbothintheUnitedStatesandFrance.

C.EmigrantsbothfromtheUnitedStatesandFrance.

D.FrenchnoblesintheUnitedStates.

問題5選項

A.Harsanyi’sLessonsfromAmericaconsideredhowtheexperiencesofexiledFrenchmeninPhiladelphiashapedtheirhopesfortheFrenchgovernment.

B.WhatthedifferencesbetweentheUnitedStatesandFranceare.

C.WhytheUnitedStatesandFrancearebothcalledrepublic.

D.WhytheBastillefell.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“Eversince,eyewitnesses―andthenhistorians—havesoughttoexplainthecomplexconnectionsbetweentheserevolutions.”，可知從那時起，一些見證者和歷史學家試圖解釋這些復雜革命之間的相互聯(lián)系。所以是法國革命和美國革命之間的相互聯(lián)系使學術(shù)界分成了兩大陣營。選項C符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“TheseworksshednewlightontherelationshipbetweenFranceandtheUnitedStatesinthe1790s,andtheydosothroughthepurviewofmigrants.”，可知他們的作品都重新闡述了18世紀90年代法國和美國的關(guān)系，并且都是通過移民的角度來闡述的。所以他們都從移民的角度對美國革命和法國革命之間的聯(lián)系進行探索性的解釋。選項B符合題意。

3.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“theirbeliefthatallmenwere‘fellowcitizensoftheworld,’unitedbyacommonsetofvaluesthatelidednational,religious,linguistic,andotherdifferences.”，可知他們的信仰是“所有的人都是世界上的公民”，因為一些共同的價值觀而被統(tǒng)一起來，這些價值觀是忽略了民族、宗教、語言和其他各方面的差異的。所以應(yīng)該選出“忽略”的同義詞。選項C符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“thinkingthatthey,armedwithrepublicanknow-how,couldbeusefultotheirFrenchcounterpartsinthetranslationofuniversalidealsintopractice.”，可知他們認為掌握了共和國的專業(yè)知識，他們對于法國同胞來說，將普世理想轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實是有幫助的。所以那些“世界性的愛國者”是在法國具有影響力的美國移民。選項A符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)，第二段中提到了Ziesche和Harsanyi兩人的作品，從兩類移民的角度而寫出，下文主要講述Ziesche作品中，美國精英根據(jù)在法國的所聞所見而對自己的國家產(chǎn)生了新的愿景“andtheirwrestlingwiththisdynamicintheFrenchcontextinfluencedtheirvisionfortheUnitedStates（第四段）”。因此可推測下文中會對Harsanyi的“從美國汲取的教訓”這本書，從被放逐至美國的法國貴族這一角度出發(fā)寫出他們對法國的一些思考或希望。因此A選項符合文意。

7.單選題

Inthepresenteconomic（

）,itisevenmorenecessarytohavemoreknowledgethanbefore.

問題1選項

A.air

B.mood

C.area

D.climate

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項air“空氣，大氣”；B選項mood“情緒，氣氛”；C選項area“區(qū)域，地區(qū)”；D選項climate“氣候，風氣，思潮，風土”。air指自然界中的環(huán)境氛圍。mood側(cè)重人的情緒。area側(cè)重地理位置的區(qū)域，地區(qū)。句意為：當前的經(jīng)濟形勢，要求比以前更有必要掌握更多的知識。故正確答案選D。

8.單選題

Mostof

whatBillsaidwas（）;onlyone

ortwominorpointshemadewerenotcloselyconnectedwiththematterbeing

discussed.

問題1選項

A.reliable

B.relative

C.related

D.relating

【答案】B

【解析】reliable可靠的；relative指相較的；related指相關(guān)的；relating是動詞relate的分詞形式。句意：比爾講的大多都很切題,只有一兩點與主題關(guān)系不是很緊密。選項B正確。

9.單選題

______energyundertheearthmustbereleasedinoneformoranother,forexample,inanearthquake.

問題1選項

A.Accumulated

B.Assembled

C.Gathered

D.Collected

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.Accumulated積累；積聚B.Assembled聚集；集合

C.Gathered集合；歸攏（分散的東西）D.Collected收集；采集

【答案】A

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)謂語動詞mustbereleased（必須被釋放）可推知，能量積累到一定程度的時候必須釋放出來，所以______energy是指“積累的能量”，accumulate指任何事物量的增加，側(cè)重于連續(xù)不斷地、一點一滴地聚積，該題選擇A項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】

B項指把人或事物聚集在一起；

C項側(cè)重于圍繞一個中心的集合、聚集；

D項側(cè)重于指有區(qū)別地作選擇或有安排有計劃地把零散物集中起來；

以上三項都不符合句意。

【句意】地下積累的能量必須以一種或另一種形式釋放出來，例如地震。

10.單選題

問題1選項

A.Hestayedupverylateattheparty.

B.Hedidn’tgohomeaftertheparty.

C.Hesuffersfromsleeplessness.

D.Heusedtobeinpoorhealth.

【答案】A

【解析】3.W:Youlooksobad.What’sup?

M:Myheadisspinning.Ihadabunchofmyfriendsoverlastnightandweparteduntilthethreehours.IguessIjustcan’ttakelatenightslikeIusedto.

Q:Whatistrueabouttheman?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。題干為：有關(guān)這個男人，下列哪一項是正確的？由文中“Ihadabunchofmyfriendsoverlastnightandweparteduntilthethreehours.（昨天晚上