英美文化presentation課件

SomefamousschoolsandsightsinUKSomefamousschoolsandsights1TheUniversityofOxfordTheUniversityofOxford2TheUniversityofOxfordistheoldestuniversityintheEnglish-speakingworldandoneofthemostfamousandprestigioushighereducationinstitutionsoftheworld,averagingnineapplicationstoeveryavailableplace,andattracting40%ofitsacademicstaffand17%ofundergraduatesfromoverseas.Itiscurrentlyrankedastheworld'snumberoneuniversity,accordingtoTheTimesHigherEducationWorldUniversityRankings.Oxfordisrenownedforitstutorial-basedmethodofteaching,withstudentsattendinganaverageofoneone-hourtutorialaweek.TheUniversityofOxfordisth3英美文化presentation課件4TheUniversityofCambridgeTheUniversityofCambridge5TheUniversityofCambridge(informallyCambridgeUniversityorsimplyCambridge)isacollegiatepublicresearchuniversityinCambridge,England.Foundedin1209,Cambridgeisthesecond-oldestuniversityintheEnglish-speakingworldandtheworld'sfourth-oldestsurvivinguniversity.TheuniversitygrewoutofanassociationofscholarswholefttheUniversityofOxfordafteradisputewiththetownspeople.[8]Thetwoancientuniversitiessharemanycommonfeaturesandareoftenreferredtojointlyas"Oxbridge".TheUniversityofCambridge(i6英美文化presentation課件7EtonCollegeEtonCollege8Followingthepublicschooltradition,Etonisafullboardingschool,whichmeansallpupilsliveattheschool,anditisoneoffoursuchremainingsingle-sexboys'publicschoolsintheUnitedKingdom(theothersbeingHarrow,Radley,andWinchester)tocontinuethispractice.Etonhaseducated19BritishprimeministersandgenerationsofthearistocracyandhasbeenreferredtoasthechiefnurseofEngland'sstatesmen.EtonisthesixthmostexpensiveHMCboardingschoolintheUK.Followingthepublicschooltr9EtonCollegeisaboardingindependentschoolforboysinEton,Berkshire,nearWindsor.Iteducatesmorethan1,300pupils,aged13to18years.Itwasfoundedin1440byKingHenryVIas"TheKing'sCollegeofOurLadyofEtonbesidesWyndsor"makingitthe18tholdestHeadmasters'andHeadmistresses'Conference(HMC)school.EtonisoneoftenEnglishHMCschools,commonlyreferredtoas"publicschools",regulatedbythePublicSchoolsActof1868.EtonCollegeisaboardingind10BuckinghamPalaceBuckinghamPalace11BuckinghamPalaceistheLondonresidenceandadministrativeheadquartersofthereigningmonarchoftheUnitedKingdom.LocatedintheCityofWestminster,thepalaceisoftenatthecentreofstateoccasionsandroyalhospitality.IthasbeenafocalpointfortheBritishpeopleattimesofnationalrejoicingandmourning.OriginallyknownasBuckinghamHouse,thebuildingatthecoreoftoday'spalacewasalargetownhousebuiltfortheDukeofBuckinghamin1703onasitethathadbeeninprivateownershipforatleast150years.BuckinghamPalaceistheLond12ItwasacquiredbyKingGeorgeIIIin1761asaprivateresidenceforQueenCharlotteandbecameknownas"TheQueen'sHouse".Duringthe19thcenturyitwasenlarged,principallybyarchitectsJohnNashandEdwardBlore,whoconstructedthreewingsaroundacentralcourtyard.BuckinghamPalacebecametheLondonresidenceoftheBritishmonarchontheaccessionofQueenVictoriain1837.Thelastmajorstructuraladditionsweremadeinthelate19thandearly20thcenturies,includingtheEastfront,whichcontainsthewell-knownbalconyonwhichtheroyalfamilytraditionallycongregatestogreetcrowds.ThepalacechapelwasdestroyedbyaGermanbombduringWorldWarII;theQueen'sGallerywasbuiltonthesiteandopenedtothepublicin1962toexhibitworksofartfromtheRoyalCollection.ItwasacquiredbyKingGeorge13英美文化presentation課件14英美文化presentation課件15英美文化presentation課件16英美文化presentation課件17英美文化presentation課件18英美文化presentation課件19WestminsterAbbeyWestminsterAbbey20WestminsterAbbey,formallytitledtheCollegiateChurchofStPeteratWestminster,isalarge,mainlyGothicabbeychurchintheCityofWestminster,London,justtothewestofthePalaceofWestminster.ItisoneoftheUnitedKingdom'smostnotablereligiousbuildingsandthetraditionalplaceofcoronationandburialsiteforEnglishand,later,Britishmonarchs.Between1540and1556theabbeyhadthestatusofacathedral.Since1560,however,thebuildingisnolongeranabbeynoracathedral,havinginsteadthestatusofaChurchofEngland"RoyalPeculiar"—achurchresponsibledirectlytothesovereign.Thebuildingitselfistheoriginalabbeychurch.WestminsterAbbey,formallyti21英美文化presentation課件22英美文化presentation課件23RiverThamesRiverThames24TheRiverThamesisariverthatflowsthroughsouthernEngland.ItisthelongestriverentirelyinEnglandandthesecondlongestintheUnitedKingdom,aftertheRiverSevern.WhileitisbestknownforflowingthroughLondon,theriveralsoflowsalongsideothertownsandcities,includingOxford,Reading,Henley-on-ThamesandWindsor.Inanalternativename,derivedfromitslongtidalreachuptoTeddingtonLockinsouthwestLondon,thelowerreachesoftheriverarecalledtheTideway.ThesectionoftheriverrunningthroughOxfordistraditionallycalledtheIsis.TheRiverThamesisariverth25英美文化presentation課件26英美文化presentation課件27BigBenBigBen28BigBenisthenicknamefortheGreatBelloftheclockatthenorthendofthePalaceofWestminsterinLondon，andoftenextendedtorefertotheclockandtheclocktower.ThetowerisofficiallyknownasElizabethTower,renamedtocelebratetheDiamondJubileeofElizabethIIin2012;previouslyitwasknownsimplyastheClockTower.Thetowerholdsthesecondlargestfour-facedchimingclockintheworld(afterMinneapolisCityHall).Thetowerwascompletedin1859andhadits150thanniversaryon31May2009,duringwhichcelebratoryeventstookplace.ThetowerhasbecomeoneofthemostprominentsymbolsoftheUnitedKingdomandisoftenintheestablishingshotoffilmssetinLondon.BigBenisthenicknameforth29英美文化presentation課件30LondonBridgeLondonBridge31ManyhistoricalbridgesnamedLondonBridgehavespannedtheRiverThamesbetweentheCityofLondonandSouthwark,incentralLondon.Thecurrentcrossing,whichopenedtotrafficin1974,isaboxgirderbridgebuiltfromconcreteandsteel.Thisreplaceda19th-centurystone-archedbridge,whichinturnsupersededa600-year-oldmedievalstructure.Thiswasprecededbyasuccessionoftimberbridges,thefirstbuiltbytheRomanfoundersofLondon.Manyhistoricalbridgesnamed32ThecurrentbridgestandsatthewesternendofthePoolofLondonbutispositioned30metres(98ft)upstreamfrompreviousalignments.ThetraditionalendsofthemedievalbridgeweremarkedbyStMagnus-the-MartyronthenorthernbankandSouthwarkCathedralonthesouthernshore.UntilPutneyBridgeopenedin1729,LondonBridgewastheonlyroad-crossingoftheThamesdownstreamofKingston-upon-Thames.Itsimportancehasbeenthesubjectofpopularculturethroughouttheagessuchasinthenurseryrhyme"LondonBridgeIsFallingDown"anditsinclusionwithinartandliterature.Thecurrentbridgestandsatt33LondonEyeLondonEye34TheLondonEyeisagiantFerriswheelontheSouthBankoftheRiverThamesinLondon.AlsoknownastheMillenniumWheel,ithasalsobeencalledbyitsownerstheBritishAirwaysLondonEye,thentheMerlinEntertainmentsLondonEye,thentheEDFEnergyLondonEye.Sincemid-January2015,ithasbeenknownastheCoca-ColaLondonEye,followinganagreementsignedinSeptember2014.Thestructureis443feet(135m)tallandthewheelhasadiameterof394feet(120m).Whenerectedin1999itwastheworld'stallestFerriswheel.TheLondonEyeisagiantFerr35SupportedbyanA-frameononesideonly,unlikethetallerNanchangandSingaporewheels,theEyeisdescribedbyitsoperatorsas"theworld'stallestcantileveredobservationwheel".ItisEurope'stallestFerriswheel,andofferedthehighestpublicviewingpointinLondonuntilitwassupersededbythe804feet(245m)observationdeckonthe72ndfloorofTheShard,whichopenedtothepublicon1February2013.SupportedbyanA-frameonone36英美文化presentation課件37SomefamousschoolsandsightsinUKSomefamousschoolsandsights38TheUniversityofOxfordTheUniversityofOxford39TheUniversityofOxfordistheoldestuniversityintheEnglish-speakingworldandoneofthemostfamousandprestigioushighereducationinstitutionsoftheworld,averagingnineapplicationstoeveryavailableplace,andattracting40%ofitsacademicstaffand17%ofundergraduatesfromoverseas.Itiscurrentlyrankedastheworld'snumberoneuniversity,accordingtoTheTimesHigherEducationWorldUniversityRankings.Oxfordisrenownedforitstutorial-basedmethodofteaching,withstudentsattendinganaverageofoneone-hourtutorialaweek.TheUniversityofOxfordisth40英美文化presentation課件41TheUniversityofCambridgeTheUniversityofCambridge42TheUniversityofCambridge(informallyCambridgeUniversityorsimplyCambridge)isacollegiatepublicresearchuniversityinCambridge,England.Foundedin1209,Cambridgeisthesecond-oldestuniversityintheEnglish-speakingworldandtheworld'sfourth-oldestsurvivinguniversity.TheuniversitygrewoutofanassociationofscholarswholefttheUniversityofOxfordafteradisputewiththetownspeople.[8]Thetwoancientuniversitiessharemanycommonfeaturesandareoftenreferredtojointlyas"Oxbridge".TheUniversityofCambridge(i43英美文化presentation課件44EtonCollegeEtonCollege45Followingthepublicschooltradition,Etonisafullboardingschool,whichmeansallpupilsliveattheschool,anditisoneoffoursuchremainingsingle-sexboys'publicschoolsintheUnitedKingdom(theothersbeingHarrow,Radley,andWinchester)tocontinuethispractice.Etonhaseducated19BritishprimeministersandgenerationsofthearistocracyandhasbeenreferredtoasthechiefnurseofEngland'sstatesmen.EtonisthesixthmostexpensiveHMCboardingschoolintheUK.Followingthepublicschooltr46EtonCollegeisaboardingindependentschoolforboysinEton,Berkshire,nearWindsor.Iteducatesmorethan1,300pupils,aged13to18years.Itwasfoundedin1440byKingHenryVIas"TheKing'sCollegeofOurLadyofEtonbesidesWyndsor"makingitthe18tholdestHeadmasters'andHeadmistresses'Conference(HMC)school.EtonisoneoftenEnglishHMCschools,commonlyreferredtoas"publicschools",regulatedbythePublicSchoolsActof1868.EtonCollegeisaboardingind47BuckinghamPalaceBuckinghamPalace48BuckinghamPalaceistheLondonresidenceandadministrativeheadquartersofthereigningmonarchoftheUnitedKingdom.LocatedintheCityofWestminster,thepalaceisoftenatthecentreofstateoccasionsandroyalhospitality.IthasbeenafocalpointfortheBritishpeopleattimesofnationalrejoicingandmourning.OriginallyknownasBuckinghamHouse,thebuildingatthecoreoftoday'spalacewasalargetownhousebuiltfortheDukeofBuckinghamin1703onasitethathadbeeninprivateownershipforatleast150years.BuckinghamPalaceistheLond49ItwasacquiredbyKingGeorgeIIIin1761asaprivateresidenceforQueenCharlotteandbecameknownas"TheQueen'sHouse".Duringthe19thcenturyitwasenlarged,principallybyarchitectsJohnNashandEdwardBlore,whoconstructedthreewingsaroundacentralcourtyard.BuckinghamPalacebecametheLondonresidenceoftheBritishmonarchontheaccessionofQueenVictoriain1837.Thelastmajorstructuraladditionsweremadeinthelate19thandearly20thcenturies,includingtheEastfront,whichcontainsthewell-knownbalconyonwhichtheroyalfamilytraditionallycongregatestogreetcrowds.ThepalacechapelwasdestroyedbyaGermanbombduringWorldWarII;theQueen'sGallerywasbuiltonthesiteandopenedtothepublicin1962toexhibitworksofartfromtheRoyalCollection.ItwasacquiredbyKingGeorge50英美文化presentation課件51英美文化presentation課件52英美文化presentation課件53英美文化presentation課件54英美文化presentation課件55英美文化presentation課件56WestminsterAbbeyWestminsterAbbey57WestminsterAbbey,formallytitledtheCollegiateChurchofStPeteratWestminster,isalarge,mainlyGothicabbeychurchintheCityofWestminster,London,justtothewestofthePalaceofWestminster.ItisoneoftheUnitedKingdom'smostnotablereligiousbuildingsandthetraditionalplaceofcoronationandburialsiteforEnglishand,later,Britishmonarchs.Between1540and1556theabbeyhadthestatusofacathedral.Since1560,however,thebuildingisnolongeranabbeynoracathedral,havinginsteadthestatusofaChurchofEngland"RoyalPeculiar"—achurchresponsibledirectlytothesovereign.Thebuildingitselfistheoriginalabbeychurch.WestminsterAbbey,formallyti58英美文化presentation課件59英美文化presentation課件60RiverThamesRiverThames61TheRiverThamesisariverthatflowsthroughsouthernEngland.ItisthelongestriverentirelyinEnglandandthesecondlongestintheUnitedKingdom,aftertheRiverSevern.WhileitisbestknownforflowingthroughLondon,theriveralsoflowsalongsideothertownsandcities,includingOxford,Reading,Henley-on-ThamesandWindsor.Inanalternativename,derivedfromitslongtidalreachuptoTeddingtonLockinsouthwestLondon,thelowerreachesoftheriverarecalledtheTideway.ThesectionoftheriverrunningthroughOxfordistraditionallycalledtheIsis.TheRiverThamesisariverth62英美文化presentation課件63英美文化presentation課件64BigBenBigBen65BigBenisthenicknamefortheGreatBelloftheclockatthenorthendofthePalaceofWestminsterinLondon，andoftenextendedtorefertotheclockandtheclocktower.ThetowerisofficiallyknownasElizabethTower,renamedtocelebratetheDiamondJubileeofElizabethIIin2012;previouslyitwasknownsimplyastheClockTower.Thetowerholdsthesecondlargestfour-facedchimingclockintheworld(afterMinneapolisCityHall).Thetowerwascompletedin1859andhadits150thanniversaryon31May2009,duringwhichcelebratoryeventstookplace.ThetowerhasbecomeoneofthemostprominentsymbolsoftheUnitedKingdomandisoftenintheestablishingshotoffilmssetinLondon.BigBenisthenicknameforth66英美文化presentation課件67LondonBridgeLondonBridge68ManyhistoricalbridgesnamedLondonBridgehavespannedtheRiverThamesbetweentheCityofLondonandSouthwark,incentralLondon.Thecurrentcrossing,whichopenedtotrafficin1974,isaboxgirderbridgebuiltfromconcreteandsteel.Thisreplaceda19th-centurystone-archedbridge,whichinturnsupersededa600-year-oldmedievalstructure.Thiswasprecededbyasuccessionoftimberbridges,thefirstbuiltbytheRomanfoundersofLondon.Manyhistoricalbridgesnamed69Thecu