新概念英語 定語從句知識結(jié)構(gòu)圖

①在非限定性定語從句中.Shelostthegame,whichdepressedhergreatly.②關(guān)系詞置于介詞之后,作賓語.ThepenwithwhichyouwriteisJack’s.用which的情況③先行詞是that或定語從句中套定語從句,一個關(guān)系詞用that,另一個用which.LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichisnewlyopentous.①先行詞是不定代詞如all,little,few,much,⒊先行詞是物anything,everything,nothing,none,noone等that/whichShedidallthatshecouldtohelpus.的區(qū)別②先行詞被all,every,no,some,little,much,theonly,thevery,theright等所修飾時ThisistheverybookthatIwant.③先行詞中既有人又有物時Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeopleand用that的情況theplacesthatimpressedhermost.④先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.ThisisthefirstfilmthatI’veseensinceIcamehere.⑤定語從句中套定語從句，其中一個關(guān)系詞以用which,另外一個用thatHebuiltafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.⑥當主句的主語是疑問詞which,另一個用thatWhoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?①As既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句也可以用于非限定性定句中充當主語，賓語，表語等。常用于以下句型當中★Such/so…..as….像…..一樣thesame….as…和…...同樣的Acomputerissousefulamachineaswecanuseeveryday.⒋As引導(dǎo)定語Heisnotthesamemanashewas.從句的用法②引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。表示說話人的看法,態(tài)度,評論等。此時譯為“正如，像”等?？梢苑旁诰涫?，句中或句末。AsIremember,therewereanetbarhere.TaiwanisaninseparablepartofChina,asisknowntoall.★thesameas...和thesamethat...引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別ThisisthesamebikethatIlostyesterday.(同一事物)ThisisthesamebikeasIlostyesterday.（同類事物）①When在定語從句中做時間狀語，先行詞為表示時間的time,day等IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.（when=onwhich）②Where在定語從句中做地點狀語，先行詞為表地點的place,spot等Canyoutellmetheofficewhereheworks?(where=inwhich)③Why在定語從句中做原因狀語，先行詞只有reason.⒌關(guān)系副詞Idon’twanttolistentoanyreasonwhyyouwereabsent.(why=forwhich)的運用★關(guān)系副詞=相應(yīng)的介詞+關(guān)系代詞★Where引導(dǎo)的定語從句還可以修飾抽象空間的名詞如case(情形)，situation,position(位置),stage(階段)，point（地步）等Whatarethesituationswherebodylanguageistheonlyformofcommunication?在哪些情況下身體語言是唯一的溝通方式（此時where=inwhich）①way在定語從句中做狀語時的三種引導(dǎo)方式that/inwhich/不填Thewayinwhich/that/不填heexplainsthesentencetousisquitesimple.比較:Thewaywhich/that/不填hetoldtouswasquitesimple（★way在定語中作tell的賓語）time表示“次數(shù)”時，用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句⒍幾個特殊②先行詞timeThisisthefirsttimethatthepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.的先行詞time作“一段時間”講時，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞whenThiswasthetimewhentherewerenoradios,notelephonesornoTVsets.（★此時when=duringwhich在..期間）③先行詞reason當在定語從句中作狀語時，定語從句的4種引導(dǎo)方式why/forwhich/that/不填Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhich/that/不填hecannotcomehere.比較：Isthisthereasonthat/which/不填heexplainedtousforhisabsencefromtheconference.（★reason在定語從句中做explain的賓語）★該結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系代詞只有兩種即介詞+which（指物）介詞+whom（指人）★該結(jié)構(gòu)介詞的選用原則：①根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的習(xí)慣搭配ThisisthebookonwhichIspent$8.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid$8.②根據(jù)現(xiàn)行詞的搭配習(xí)慣IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedthere.IrememberthedayonwhichIgraduatedfromuniversity.⒎介詞+關(guān)系代詞③根據(jù)整個句子所表達的意思來決定Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecan’tliveiscalledoxygen.④英語中為了強調(diào)某一名詞，不定式前面也可以加上關(guān)系代詞。Hereisthemoneywithwhichtobuythepiano.Sheistherightpersononwhomtodepend.注意:Ⅰ如果介詞后移，關(guān)系代詞可以省略Theperson(whom/who/that)youwillwritetoisTodd.Ⅱ有些含有介詞的動詞短語介詞不能提前如lookfor/after;takecareof;sendfor;hearfrom/of/aboutdealwith等Thisisthebabythatyouwilllookafter.①當先行詞是oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，定語從句的位于動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthatdrawlotsofvisitoreveryyear.⒏定語從句的主謂一致②當先行詞是theonly+oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，從句謂語用單數(shù)形式TheGreatWallistheonlyoneofthebuildingsontheearththatisseenfromthemoon.③先行詞如果是整個句子，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,asisknowntoall.Hehaspassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisesallofus.定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為–ing或-ed形式⒐定語從句的Thegirl(whois)dancingnowjustreturnedfromTaiwang.轉(zhuǎn)化Ilovethestories(whichwere)writtenbyHemingway.Theman(whostands)standingthereismyfriend.①判斷從句是否為定語從句（先行詞，關(guān)系詞，定語從句）②準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、賓、表、定、狀)10.定語從句的從而正確選定使用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞解題方法例:Isthisthemuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld？A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.what注意：Ⅰ.關(guān)系代詞whose的用法。Whose在定語從句中做定語。當先行詞是人：whose=the+名詞+ofwhom當先行詞是物：whose=the+名詞+ofwhichDoyouknowtheboywhoseparents/theparentsofwhomareonholiday?I’dlikearoomwhosewindow/thewindowofwhichfacesthesea.Ⅱ.That引導(dǎo)定語從句，名詞性從句和強調(diào)句型的區(qū)別定語從句中的that:關(guān)系