大學(xué)英語四級作文介紹

1、大學(xué)英語考試的定義大學(xué)英語四、六級考試（CollegeEnglishTest,簡稱CET）是由國家教育部高等教育司主持的全國性教學(xué)考試；考試的主要對象是根據(jù)教育大綱修完大學(xué)英語四級或六級的大學(xué)本科生或研究生。大學(xué)英語四、六級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試自1986年末開始籌備，1987年正式實施。2、大學(xué)英語四、六級考試的目的目的是推動大學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱的貫徹執(zhí)行，對大學(xué)生的英語能力進(jìn)行客觀、準(zhǔn)確的測量，為提高我國大學(xué)英語課程的教學(xué)質(zhì)量服務(wù)。3、大學(xué)英語考試的措施大學(xué)英語四、六級考試經(jīng)歷了一個不斷完善的過程。為提高考試的效度和信度，近年來采取了一系列的改革措施。例如：1）采用新題型，增加主觀題的比例；2）設(shè)作文最低分，使師生更加重視寫作能力的培養(yǎng)；3）報導(dǎo)平均級點分，以準(zhǔn)確反映學(xué)校的總體教學(xué)水平。大學(xué)英語四級考試新題型改革的總體思路主要包括三個方面：一是開發(fā)新題型，改革考試內(nèi)容和考試形式，突出加強(qiáng)對學(xué)生英語綜合應(yīng)用能力特別是聽說能力的測試；二是全面改革分?jǐn)?shù)報道方式，由原來的100分制改為710分的記分體制，不設(shè)及格線，不頒發(fā)合格證書，只發(fā)放成績單，與此同時，逐步將考生范圍限制在校內(nèi)；三是改革考試管理體制，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)考務(wù)管理。在考試內(nèi)容和形式上，四、六級考試將加大聽力理解部分的題量和比例，增加快速閱讀理解測試，增加非選擇性試題的比例。試點階段的四、六級考試由四部分構(gòu)成：聽力理解、閱讀理解、綜合測試和寫作測試。聽力理解部分的比例提高到35%,其中聽力對話占15%,聽力短文占20%。閱讀理解部分比例調(diào)整為35%,其中仔細(xì)閱讀部分（carefulreading）占25%,快速閱讀部分（fastreading）占10%。仔細(xì)閱讀部分除測試篇章閱讀理解外，還包括對篇章語境中的詞匯理解的測試；快速閱讀部分測試各種快速閱讀技能。綜合測試比例為15%,由兩部分構(gòu)成。第一部分為完型填空或改錯，占10%；第二部分為短句問答或翻譯，占5%o寫作能力測試部分比例為15%,體裁包括議論文、說明文、應(yīng)用文等。作文1（續(xù)）模板作文二：批駁觀點式A.一個錯誤觀點B.我不同意Manypeoplearguethat（1.弓|出錯誤觀點）。Bysayingthat,theymean（2.對這個觀點的進(jìn)一步解釋）。Anexampletheyhavepresentedisthat（3.舉出一個例子）。AccordingtoasurveyperformedbyXonagroupofY,almost80%ofthem（4.贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響）。Theremightbesomeelementoftruthinthesepeople'sbelief.Butifweconsideritindepth,wewillfeelnoreservationtoconcludethat（5,舉出與錯誤觀點相反的觀點）。Thereareanumberofreasonsbehindmybelief.（6.列出幾個原因）模板作文三：社會問題（現(xiàn)象）式A.一個社會問題或者現(xiàn)象B.產(chǎn)生的原因C.對社會和我們生活的影響D.如何杜絕（如果是問題的話）E.前景的預(yù)測Nowadays,thereexistsanincreasinglyserioussocial/economic/environmentalproblem.（Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic）.Accordingtoasurvey,（1.用調(diào)查內(nèi)容說明這種現(xiàn)象，或者是舉一個例子）。Thereareacoupleofreasonsforthisproblem/phenomenon.（2.參照辯論式議論文的寫法）Xhascausedsubstantialimpactonthesocietyandourdailylife,whichhasbeenarticulatedinthefollowingaspects.（3.參照辯論式議論文的寫法）AdozenofmeasuresaresupposedtotaketopreventXfrombringingusmoreharm.（4.參照辯論式議論文的寫法）Basedontheabovediscussions,Icaneasilyforecastmoreandmorepeoplewill 模板作文四：說明原因型Nowadays,therearemoreandmoreXXinsomebigcities.Itisestimatedthat（1.用具體數(shù)據(jù)說明XX現(xiàn)象）。WhyhavetherebeensomanyXX?Maybethereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Thefirstoneisthat（2.表述原因一）。Besides,（3.表述原因二）。Thethirdreasonis（4.表述原因三）。Tosumup,themaincauseofXXisdueto（5.指出主要原因）°Itishightimethatsomethingweredoneuponit.Foronething,（6.指出解決建議一）。Ontheotherhand,（7.指出解決建議二）。AllthesemeasureswillcertainlyreducethenumberofXX.范文：GenerationGapbetweenParentsandChildrenNowadays,therearemoreandmoremisunderstandingbetweenparentsandchildrenwhichisso-calledgenerationgap.Itisestimatedthat75percentoftheparentsoftencomplaintheirchildren'sunreasonablebehaviorwhilechildrenusuallythinktheirparentstooold-fashioned.Whyhastherebeensomuchmisunderstandingbetweenparentsandchildren?Maybethereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Thefirstoneisthatthetwogenerations,havinggrownupatdifferenttimes,havedifferentlikesanddislikes,thusthedisagreementoftenrisesbetweenthem.Besides,duetohavinglittleincommontotalkabort,theyarenotwillingtositfacetoface.Thethirdreasoniswiththepaceofmodernlifebecomingfasterandfaster,bothofthemaresobusywiththeirworkorstudythattheydon'tspareenoughtimetoexchangeideas.Tosumup,themaincauseofgenerationgapisduetolackofcommunicationandunderstanding.Itishightimethatsomethingweredoneuponit.Foronething,childrenshouldrespecttheirparents.Ontheotherhand,parentsshouldalsoshowsolicitudefortheirchildren.Allthesemeasureswillcertainlybridgethegenerationgap.模板作文五：現(xiàn)象型（一）Inrecentyears,ithascausedaheateddebateon（1.指出一,種現(xiàn)象）。Thefactorsfor（2.引出因素）。Firstofall,（3.闡述第一個因素）。Then,therecomesacasethat（4.闡述第二中因素）。Moreover,（5.闡述第三種因素），especiallywhen（6.提出條件）。Indeed,theseuniquepointscanbeconnectedtoremindpeoplethat（7.提出措施）。Inthisway,（8.達(dá)到目標(biāo)）。范文：TheImpactofTelevisionInrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,80percentofallfamiliesinChinahavesatelliteTV,whichprovidesasmanyas50channels.Ithascausedaheateddebateontheimpactoftelevisiononchildren.Manyparentsareworriedabouttheimpactofsomuchtelevisiononchildren.Thefactorsforparents'worryisthatchildrenindulgeintelevisionandspendtoomuchtimeonit.Firstofall,withsomanyprogramstochoosefrom,childrenarenotgettingasmuchexerciseastheyshould.Then,therecomesacasethatsomestudieshaveshownthatexcessivewatchingoftelevisionbymillionsofchildrenhasloweredtheirabilitytoachieveinschool.Moreover,theeffectsonchildren'smindsaremoreseriousthantheeffectsonchildren'sbodies,especiallywhentheyaretooyoungtojudgewhatprogramsaregoodforthem.Indeed,theseuniquepointscanbeconnectedtoremindparentsthattheyshouldpaycloseattentiontoandtaketheresponsibilityforsupervisingtheirchildren'sTVviewing.Inthisway,childrenwillnotbeinfluencedtoodeeply.模板作文六：現(xiàn)象型（二）Currently,XXhasbeentheorderoftheday.Thisdoesdemonstratethetheory-nothingismorevaluablethanXX.Itisclearthat（1.敘述XX的第一個優(yōu)點）。Ifyou（2.支持XX的做法），asaresult,yourdreamswillcometrue.Onthecontrary,ifyou（3.不支持XX的做法），failurewillfollowyou.Itturnsoutthatallyourplanfallsthrough.Noonecandenyanotherfactthat（4.敘述XX的第二個優(yōu)點）。Youdon'thavetolookveryfartofindoutthetruth,inrespectthatweallknow（5.舉例證明優(yōu)點二）。Itwillexertaprofoundinfluenceupon（6.敘述與說明XX優(yōu)點三的影響）。Withreferencetomystandpoint,Ithink（7.闡明我的觀點）。范文：TheImportanceofSelf-confidenceCurrently,self-confidencehasbeentheorderoftheday.Thisdoesdemonstratethetheory—nothingismorevaluablethanself-confidence.Itisclearthatself-confidencemeanstrustinone'sabilities.Ifyouarefullofself-confidence,itwillbringyourcreativepowertoplay,arouseyourenthusiasmforwork,andhelpyouovercomedifficulties,asaresult,yourdreamswillcometrue.Onthecontrary,ifyouhavenoconfidenceinyourself,thereislittlepossibilitythatyouwouldeverachieveanything.Failurewillfollowyou.Itturnsoutthatallyourplanfallsthrough.Noonecandenyanotherfactthatself-confidencegivesyoulightwhenyouareindarkandencouragementwhenyouaredismayed.Youdon'thavetolookveryfartofindoutthetruth,inrespectthatweallknowthesecretofMercuryliesinperseveranceandself-confidence,thelatterinparticular.Itwillexertaprofoundinfluenceupontheachievementofone'sambitions.Withreferencetomystandpoint,Ithinkhewhohasself-confidencecanhavewhathewouldliketohave.模板作文七：原因分析和提出措施型（一）Mostofustoday（1.人們針對XX的態(tài)度和舉措）。Fromtheabove,wecanfindthatthereasonswhy（2.歸納現(xiàn)狀）areasfollows.Theprimaryreason,Ithink,is（3.提出第一個原因）。Second,（4.提出第二個原因）。Thethirdreason,actually,is（5.提出第三個原因）。Itissignificantto（6.重申改變現(xiàn)狀的重要性）。Therefore,（7.說明應(yīng)采取的措施）。范文:PollutionMostofustodayrecognizethatenvironmentalpollutionhasbeenaseriousproblem.Lotsofplantsaredestroyedbybadair.Manyfishdieofpoisonouswater.Thousandsofpeoplediefromeatingpoisonedfishorbreathingingas.Therefore,environmentalpollutionshouldberesponsibleforthesediseasesthataredisabling,orbringingdeathstonotonlyhumanbeings,butalsowildlife.Fromtheabove,wecanfindthatthereasonswhyenvironmentarepollutedmoreandmoreseriouslyareasfollows.Theprimaryreason,Ithink,isthereasonofharmfulsubstancesintoenvironment.Forexample,topreventinsects,farmersmakeuseofgreatamountsofinsecticides,soastohavebumperharvests.However,theypolluteair,waterandland.Second,thegascomingfromthecarenginesandfactoriesalsomakeenvironmentpollutedbadly.Thethirdreason,actually,istheresultofagrowingpopulationintheworld.Everyday,somuchlitterandwastepouringoutfromhousesalsopollutetheenvironment.Itissignificancetocontrolpollutionandmoreeffectivemeasuresshouldbetaken.Therefore,newlawsshouldbepassedtolimittheamountofpollutantsfromfactories.Moreover,inthehouseholds,thereisanobviousneedtoreducelitterandwaste.Let'smakeourgreatefforts,andtheworldwillbeasaferplaceforustolive.模板作文八：原因分析和提出措施型（二）Thesedaysweoftenhearthat（1.提出論題）。Itiscommonthat（2.說明現(xiàn)狀）。Whydosuchcircumstancesoccurinspiteofsocialprotection?Foronething,（3.論及理由三）。Foranother,（4.論及理由二）。Whatismore,since（5.論及理由三）,itisnaturalthat（6.闡述理由三引起的后果）。Tosolvetheproblemisnoteasyatall,butisworthtrying.Weshoulddosomethingsuchas（7.提出解決方法）toimprovethepresentsituation,andIdobelieveeverythingwillbebetterinthefuture.范文：PollutionofEnvironmentThesedaysweoftenhearthatourlivingconditionsaregettingmoreandmoreseriousbecauseofthedestructionofourenvironment.Itiscommonthatmanytreesandanimalsarenearextinction,andthefoodchainhasbeendestroyed.Whydosuchcircumstancesoccurinspiteofsocialprotection?Foronething,thepopulationoftheworldisincreasingsorapidlythattheworldhasbeensocrowded.Foranother,theoveruseofnaturalresourceshasinfluencedthebalanceofnaturalecology.Whatismore,sincetheIndustrialRevolution,itisnaturalthatagreatnumberoffactorieshavebeenspringinguplikemushrooms.Thesmokeandharmfulchemicalsreleasedfromfiictoriesalsopollutetheenvironment.Tosolvetheproblemisnoteasyatall,butisworthy.Weshoulddosomethingsuchasplantingmoretrees,equippingcarswithimprovethepresentsituation,andIdobelieveeverythingwillbebetterinthefuture.情景作文情景作文綜觀歷年的作文試題可以看出，對于情景作文的考查沒有提綱式的多，主要體現(xiàn)在書信作文（2005年、2004年、2003年6月，2002年1月，2001年6月）和演講詞寫作（2005年1月）等上。它要求考生根據(jù)要求提供的情景寫作，情景安排在已經(jīng)明確了寫作的要點和細(xì)節(jié)，考生可以按照要求寫一封信，或者一篇演講稿，或者計劃安排等。一般要求嚴(yán)格按照規(guī)定的情景寫作，如時間、稱呼、場合、落款等都有要求。（一）寫作步驟和技巧1）情景作文的關(guān)鍵是格式，必須嚴(yán)格按照要求的格式來寫，如書信的格式、演講稿的格式等。書信包括日期、稱呼、正文、落款，演講稿包括開頭的稱呼、引題、正文、句式的氣勢和風(fēng)格、中心思想等。2）情景作文的正文是核心，必須認(rèn)真分析所給的細(xì)節(jié)和要求，理清情景設(shè)置的各個部分，然后確定文章的段落、內(nèi)容和文體。3）每一個細(xì)節(jié)可以作為文章的一個段落層次，也可以幾個細(xì)節(jié)合并成一個段落，但是不能偏離，也不能任意增減。4）其他的要求可以借鑒上面提綱式作文的步驟和技巧。（二）審題和構(gòu)思根據(jù)下題寫一篇不少于120詞的作文：ALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampus假設(shè)你是李明，請你就本校食堂的狀況給校長寫一封信，內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及食堂的飯菜質(zhì)量、價格、環(huán)境、服務(wù)等，可以是批評建議，也可以兼而有之。January12th,2002DearMr.President,這是一封書信，所以這篇文章的大體框架已經(jīng)限制為書信格式了，所以要按照書信的格式寫作。1）首先確定對象即UniversityPresident,文章中已經(jīng)給出。2）確定書信的開關(guān)怎么寫，一般是在第一段明確指出寫信的目的是什么，如果是批評的話，可以直接說Iamwritingtocomplainabouttheserviceprovidedbyouruniversitycanteen,或者說Iamwritingtoshowmydissatisfactionabouttheserviceprovidedbyouruniversitycanteeno當(dāng)然還可以加上其他的一些客套話，或者在目的之前可以稍微介紹一下自己的背景情況，如IamastudentfromtheSchoolofForeignLanguages等等。3）后面的段落可以從具體的方面如情景要求中的飯菜質(zhì)量、價格、環(huán)境等組合成幾個段落。當(dāng)然可以參考前面提綱作文的寫法，按照主題句、支持句組織結(jié)構(gòu)。4）不管是贊揚(yáng)還是批評，都應(yīng)該注意語體的得體性和用詞的準(zhǔn)確性。5）以批評為例，各個段落的主題結(jié)構(gòu)可以為：第一段講我的第一個不滿意是食堂飯菜的質(zhì)量和味道還有待提高，應(yīng)增加品種；第二段講價格太高，無法接受；第三段指出環(huán)境差，必須改進(jìn)；信末應(yīng)落款。ALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampus

January12th,2002DearMr.President,I'mveryluckytoattendthisworld-famousuniversity,butI'mafraidI'mnotcontentwiththecanteenserviceoncampus.Firstly,thequalityofthedishesshouldbeimproved.Undoubtedly,therearealotofdeliciousdishes,butalltheyearround,theyarethesame.Moreandmorestudentsarecomplainingaboutthesamefoodday.SoIthinkthemosturgentproblemisvariety.Secondly,thepriceisabittoohigh.Manyofushopethatthecanteencanprovideuswithnotonlydeliciousbutalsocheapfood.Finally,thecafeteriaissonoisythatwecan'tenjoyourmealsingoodmood.Isuggestthattherebesomesoftmusictorelaxus.Thesesuggestionsarenotjustofmyown,butalsoofmanyotherstudents.Wehopeourrespectablepresidentwillpayattentiontooursuggestion.Bytheway,thecanteenworkersareverypatientandalwayssmiling.SoIthinkifouruniversityoffersthembetterconditions,theywillofferusbetterservice.Bestwishes.Yourssincerely,LiMing情景作文情景作文綜觀歷年的作文試題可以看出，對于情景作文的考查沒有提綱式的多，主要體現(xiàn)在書信作文（2005年、2004年、2003年6月，2002年1月，2001年6月）和演講詞寫作（2005年1月）等上。它要求考生根據(jù)要求提供的情景寫作，情景安排在已經(jīng)明確了寫作的要點和細(xì)節(jié)，考生可以按照要求寫一封信，或者一篇演講稿，或者計劃安排等。一般要求嚴(yán)格按照規(guī)定的情景寫作，如時間、稱呼、場合、落款等都有要求。（一）寫作步驟和技巧1）情景作文的關(guān)鍵是格式，必須嚴(yán)格按照要求的格式來寫，如書信的格式、演講稿的格式等。書信包括日期、稱呼、正文、落款，演講稿包括開頭的稱呼、引題、正文、句式的氣勢和風(fēng)格、中心思想等。2）情景作文的正文是核心，必須認(rèn)真分析所給的細(xì)節(jié)和要求，理清情景設(shè)置的各個部分，然后確定文章的段落、內(nèi)容和文體。3）每一個細(xì)節(jié)可以作為文章的一個段落層次，也可以幾個細(xì)節(jié)合并成一個段落，但是不能偏離，也不能任意增減。4）其他的要求可以借鑒上面提綱式作文的步驟和技巧。（二）審題和構(gòu)思根據(jù)下題寫一篇不少于120詞的作文：ALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampus假設(shè)你是李明，請你就本校食堂的狀況給校長寫一封信，內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及食堂的飯菜質(zhì)量、價格、環(huán)境、服務(wù)等，可以是批評建議，也可以兼而有之。January12th,2002DearMr.President,這是一封書信，所以這篇文章的大體框架已經(jīng)限制為書信格式了，所以要按照書信的格式寫作。1）首先確定對象即UniversityPresident,文章中已經(jīng)給出。2）確定書信的開關(guān)怎么寫，一般是在第一段明確指出寫信的目的是什么，如果是批評的話，可以直接說Iamwritingtocomplainabouttheserviceprovidedbyouruniversitycanteen,或者說Iamwritingtoshowmydissatisfactionabouttheserviceprovidedbyouruniversitycanteeno當(dāng)然還可以加上其他的■些客套話，或者在目的之前可以稍微介紹一下自己的背景情況，如IamastudentfromtheSchoolofForeignLanguages等等。3）后面的段落可以從具體的方面如情景要求中的飯菜質(zhì)量、價格、環(huán)境等組合成幾個段落。當(dāng)然可以參考前面提綱作文的寫法，按照主題句、支持句組織結(jié)構(gòu)。4）不管是贊揚(yáng)還是批評，都應(yīng)該注意語體的得體性和用詞的準(zhǔn)確性。5）以批評為例，各個段落的主題結(jié)構(gòu)可以為：第一段講我的第一個不滿意是食堂飯菜的質(zhì)量和味道還有待提高，應(yīng)增加品種；第二段講價格太高，無法接受；第三段指出環(huán)境差，必須改進(jìn)；信末應(yīng)落款。ALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampus

January12th,2002DearMr.President,I'mveryluckytoattendthisworld-famousuniversity,butI'mafraidI'mnotcontentwiththecanteenserviceoncampus.Firstly,thequalityofthedishesshouldbeimproved.Undoubtedly,therearealotofdeliciousdishes,butalltheyearround,theyarethesame.Moreandmorestudentsarecomplainingaboutthesamefoodday.SoIthinkthemosturgentproblemisvariety.Secondly,thepriceisabittoohigh.Manyofushopethatthecanteencanprovideuswithnotonlydeliciousbutalsocheapfood.Finally,thecafeteriaissonoisythatwecan'tenjoyourmealsingoodmood.Isuggestthattherebesomesoftmusictorelaxus.Thesesuggestionsarenotjustofmyown,butalsoofmanyotherstudents.Wehopeourrespectablepresidentwillpayattentiontooursuggestion.Bytheway,thecanteenworkersareverypatientandalwayssmiling.SoIthinkifouruniversityoffersthembetterconditions,theywillofferusbetterservice.Bestwishes.Yourssincerely,LiMing圖表式作文圖表式作文這種題型在2002年6月出現(xiàn)過，是應(yīng)用文的具體運(yùn)用例子。這種題型的關(guān)鍵其實在于對各種圖表的描述和說明以及對某一種圖形變化趨勢的詳細(xì)描述。至于具體的步驟可適當(dāng)參考前面的題型。下面著重就圖表式作文中的幾個關(guān)鍵問題作一個介紹。（一）常見圖表的分類常見的圖表大體有以下幾種：柱形圖（barchart）、餅圖（piechart）＞線，翦（linegraph）、表格（table）。（二）常見圖表的描述詞組的劃分常見圖表的描述詞組存在著兩個明顯的劃分，一種是運(yùn)動的（線形圖與柱形圖），一種是靜止的（餅圖與表格）。前者的切入點在描述趨勢，后者則關(guān)注一種分配。在弄清楚了這個劃分之后，我們就會對圖表寫作產(chǎn)生點感覺了。（三）運(yùn)動圖表的范疇和運(yùn)動趨向?qū)τ谶\(yùn)動圖表，無論是什么題目的運(yùn)動圖表，無論題出得多難，我們都要清醒地認(rèn)識到：即使是考官也逃不出如下5個范疇——運(yùn)動范疇、程度范疇、時間范疇、數(shù)據(jù)范疇與連接范疇。在運(yùn)動范疇中存在著如下8種運(yùn)動趨向。1）保持平穩(wěn):套用結(jié)構(gòu)有staystable/remainsteady□［舉例］人口數(shù)量保持平穩(wěn)：Thenumberofpopulationstayedstable.Thenumberofpopulationremainedsteady.2）上升、增力口:套用結(jié)構(gòu)有rise/climb/increase/ascend/mount/aggrandize（增加）。［舉例］人口上升:Thenumberofpopulationincreased/ascended/mounted.3）下降、減少：套用結(jié)構(gòu)有fall/drop/decrease/descend/decline［舉例］人口減少：Thenumberofpopulationdecreased/declined.4）下降后保持平穩(wěn)：這個圖形前面是向下的，后面是平的，在表示這個平的時候我們就不可以使用remainsteady,我們要使用的結(jié)構(gòu)是bottomout。［舉例］人口下降后保持平穩(wěn)：Thenumberofpopulationdecreasedandbottomedout.5）上升后保持平穩(wěn)：這個圖形和前一種近似，關(guān)鍵是上升后面的部分，在上升以后保持平穩(wěn)，我們必須使用leveloff。［舉例］人口上升后保持平穩(wěn)：Thenumberofpopulationmountedandleveledoff.6）復(fù)蘇：前面下降了以后，然后就上升了，這兩條線段的連接點就叫復(fù)蘇（recover）。［舉例］人口下降后復(fù)蘇：Thenumberofpopulationdecreasedandrecovered.7）波動:波動就像我們的心電圖一樣。英語中叫fluctuateo［舉例］人口波動：Thenumberofpopulationfluctuated.8）達(dá)到頂峰：peak/reachitssummit/reachitszenith［舉例］人口到達(dá)了頂峰：Thenumberofpopulationpeaked/reacheditssummit/reacheditszenith.（四）對上升、下降、波動程度的描述方法程度只有兩種：緩慢和陡然。緩慢的、輕微的:gradually/smoothly/steadily/slightly陡然的、大幅度的：dramatically/sharply/considerably/appreciably/greatly［舉例］1）人口大幅度攀升：Thenumberofpopulationmounteddramatically.2）人口大幅度下降：Thenumberofpopulationdecreasedslightly.3）人口逐漸卜降：Thenumberofpopulationdecreasedgradually.（五）線段組與數(shù)據(jù)的連接連接時請注意如下的介詞使用。1）remainsteady/staystable/leveloff/bottomout/peak/reachitspeak/reachitszenith后面要使用的是at。［舉例］人口在500萬上保持平穩(wěn)：Thenumberofpopulationremainedsteadyat5million.人口在800萬時到達(dá)了頂峰：Thenumberofpopulationpeakedat8million.下降后，人口在400萬保持平穩(wěn)：Afterdecreasing,thenumberofpopulationbottomedoutat4million.上升后，人口在700萬保持平穩(wěn)：Aftermounting,thenumberofpopulationleveledoffat7million.2）上升、下降后面使用to（到）和by（了）。［舉例］人口下降到200萬：Thenumberofpopulationdecreasedto2million.人口下降了200萬：Thenumberofpopulationdecreasedby2million.人口上升到1000萬：Thenumberofpopulationincreasedto10million.人口上升了500萬：Thenumberofpopulationincreasedby5million.3）復(fù)蘇的后面需要使用的是from。［舉例］人口在200萬時開始復(fù)蘇：Thenumberofpopulationrecoveredfrom2million.4）波動的后面要接between...and...o［舉例］人口在20和100億之間波動：Thenumberofpopulationfluctuatedbetween2and10billion.（六）圖表常用經(jīng)典句子開頭：l.Ascanbeseenfromthechart/graph/table...2.Itcanbeseenfromthestatisticsthat....Asrevealed/shown/stated/noted/betrayedinthepicture....Thechartgivesinformationthat...描述：.Therewasarise/increase/upwardtrendfrom...to...thasrisentoanaverageof...3.Therewasafall/decrease/reduction/decline/drop/downwardtrend.4.1thasfallen/dropped/declinedto...結(jié)論：.Fromtheanalysesabove,wecandrawtheconclusionthat....Fromthedatawegatheredfromtheabovegraph,wecanconcludethat....Accordingtotheinformationgatheredabove,wemayreachtheconclusionthat....Accordingtowhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecanarriveattheconclusionthat....Thegraphreflectsthat...（七）圖表式作文舉例Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicStudentUseofComputers.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:.某校大學(xué)生平均每周使用計算機(jī)的時間：1990年（2hours）、1995年（4hours）、2000年（20hours）,請描述其變化;.請說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因（可從計算機(jī)的用途、價格或社會發(fā)展等方面加以說明）；.你認(rèn)為目前大學(xué)生在計算機(jī)使用中有什么困難或問題。StudentUseofComputers范文1Since1990,therehasbeentremendousgrowthintheuseofcomputersbystudents.Whilein1990,theaveragenumberofhoursastudentspentonthecomputerwasaboutonehourperweek,thisnumbergrewtonearlyfourhoursperweekby1995,andtoapproximately20hoursperweekbytheyear2000.Thissignificantgrowthintheuseofcomputersbystudentsinthe1990*8canbeattributedtoseveraltoseveralfactors,includingwidespreadusage,lowerprices,andtechnologicalandsocialdevelopments.Nowadays,computersarewidelyusedbystudentsforwordprocessing,bookkeeping,multimediapresentations,andaccesstotheInternetforbothresearchandcommunications.Additionally,since1990,duetocompetitionandtechnologicaladvances,computerhardwareandsoftwareprices,aswellasInternetusagecharges,havedroppedsignificantly.Finally,technologicaldevelopmentsandchangesinsocialhabitsinthe1990*8haveplayedamajorroleinthistremendousgrowthintheuseofcomputers.Today'ssocietyreliesheavilyoncomputersforimmediateaccesstothenewsandforentertainment,including,listeningtomusic,watchingmoviesandsportevents,andplayingcomputergames.Whilecomputersareofgreatassistancetothestudents,andtherefore,areindispensabletools,theyalsoposesomechallenges.Thebiggestchallengethatmanystudentsfaceisdisciplineintheuseofthispowerfuldevice.Thatis,studentsneedtohavethedisciplineofnotallowingthemselvestobeluredbytheentertainingaspectsofthiswonderfultool-aspectsthatcanresultinaddictiontocomputergamesorviewingofundesirablematerialontheInternet.Thatistosay,studentsneedtousethispowerfultoolwithgreatwisdom!圖表式作文范文Itisobvious/clearinthegraphic/table/chartthattherate/number/amountofYhasundergonedramaticchanges.Ithasgoneup/grown/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears（asXvaries）.AtthepointofXI,Yreachesitspeakvalueof（表明多少）.Whatisthereasonforthischange?Mainlythereare（表明多少）reasonsbehindthesituationreflectedinthegraphic/table.Firstofall/Tobeginwith,（陳述第一,個原因).Moreimportantly/Secondly,(陳述第二個原因).Mostimportantofall/Finally,(陳述第三個原因).Fromtheabovediscussions,wehaveenoughreasonstopredictwhatwillhappeninthenearfuture.Thetrenddescribedinthegraphic/tablewillcontinueforquitealongtime(ifnecessarymeasuresarenottaken)(括號里的文字用于那些不太好的變化趨勢)。Lately常用開頭模板詞語與句型一、常用開頭模板詞語與句型(-)引入背景知識Recently(Atpresent/Currently/Lately/Nowadays/Theseyears/Thesedays/Inthepastseveraldecades/Overthelastseveralyears),sth.(theproblem/issueof)...hasbeenbroughttopopularattention(hasbecomethefocusofthepublic).近來 引起人們的普遍關(guān)注。With(Alongwith/As/Thanksto/Atthemercyof)…隨著 ,由于 Itiscommonly(universally)acknowledged(believed)that...眾所周知 Itiswell-knownthat...眾所周知 Itisundeniablethat...不可否認(rèn) Thereisnodenyingthat...不可否認(rèn) Noonewoulddenythat...沒人否認(rèn) Thereisnodoubtthat...無疑 Whenitcomesto...,mostpeople(thepublic)maintain(contend)that...談到 ,公眾主張……Asisknownintheabovegraph/table...正如以上圖表所示 (―)引入相反或不同觀點People'sviewon...varyfrompersontoperson.Somehold(take)theviewthat...However,othersbelieve(claim/argue)that...人們對 的看法因人而異。有人認(rèn)為……，然而其他人認(rèn)為 Thereisapublic(general/heated/impassioned)debate(discussion/controversy)today(nowadays/atpresent/currently/lately/recently/theseyears/Thesedays)asto(over/on/concerning)theissue(problem)of...Thosewhocriticize(oppose/objectto)...contend(argue/believe/claim)that...Butpeoplewhoadvocate(favor/arefor)...,ontheotherhand,maintain/assertthat...現(xiàn)在對于 人們在激烈討論。批評的人認(rèn)為……，然而支持的人主張……Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson...人們對于 的觀點不同。Attitudestowards...varyfrompersontoperson.人們對 的看法因人而異。Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto...人們對于 有不同的看法。Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestoward...人們對于 的觀點不同。(三)從問題引入Haveyoueverbeencrazyaboutamostsuccessfulfilmstar?HaveyoueverbeenabsorbedinabookwithalargecirculationsuchasHarryPotter?Haveyouevertriedtosavemoneyjusttobuybrandclothes?Theanswerwillbedefinitely"yes"ifyouarefashionable.(Goingafterfashion)Doyoubelievethateveryoneisbomtoacertainfatethathecannotchange?Ordoyouthink,asIdo,thateachpersonmakeshisownfate?(Fate)Whatisthedifferencebetweenlecturesystemanddiscussionteachingmethodsprevalentoncampusbothathomeandabroad?Asasenior,itisnotverydifficultformetotell:theyhavebothstrengthsandweaknesses.(Lecturesystemanddiscussionteachingmethods)(四)引用名人名言Astheproverbsays,“Nooneknowsthevalueofhealthuntilhelosesit.”(Thebestwaytostayhealthy)“Smileatlife,lifesillsmileinreturn,apoemsays.(Theimportanceofkeepingagoodmood)Romeisnotbuiltinoneday,sothesayinggoes.Itissimilarlytruethatknowledgecannotbeacquiredinonedayandhastobeacquired(accumulated)littlebylittle.(Diligence)“Amanisnevertoooldtolearn.^^Asthissayinggoes,educationdoesnotmeanaperiodoflearningsuchasattendingcollegesoruniversities.Itshouldbealifelongprocess.(Education)(五)引用定義Generationgapreferstothedistanceandcontradictionbetweentheoldandtheyoung.It9sacommonphenomenonthatexistseverywhereintheworldandinfluencesboththeoldandtheyoung.(Generationgap)(六)常用詞語與句型1)用于引言部分(InIntroduction)Withaninterestinggeneralcomment-Oneofthehotissuesmuchtalkedaboutis...—Nowadaysthereisagrowingtendency...—Inrecentyears...-Whereveryougo,youwillfind...-Whitthedevelopment(advance)of...Withapointofview—Thereisnodoubtthat...—Thereisnodenyingthat...—Nothingismoreimportant(dangerous)than...—Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplewantto...Introducingaquotation—...as...said—Asgoesthesaying...-Accordingto...—Peopleoftensaythat...—...isrightinsaying...2)用于正文論述(InStatements)a)Expressionscommonlyusedforstatement—Tounderstandthepoint(view/nature)of...,itisnecessary(important/essential)toanalyze(examine/discuss)...—Togetabetterunderstandingofhow(what)...wemust(haveto)...—Aclosestudy(comparison)of...willperhapsmakethispointclear.b)Expressionscommonlyusedforfurtherstatement—Equallyimportantis...—Anotherimportantfactor(Anotherfactorofequalimportance)is...—Closelyrelatedto(connectedwith/associatedwith)...is..—Asidefrom（Apartfrom/Inadditionto...）is/are6常用論證方法模板句型常用論證方法模板句型（一）提出原因型Thisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.First（Tobeginwith/Firstofall）,...Second,...Third,...這一現(xiàn)象的存在是有許多原因的。首先,……第二，……第三，……Whydid...?Foronething,...Foranother...Perhapstheprimaryreasonis...為彳「么會……？一個原因是……另一個原因是……或許其主要原因是……Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat...Thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.我十分贊同這一論述，即……，其主要原因如上：（二）列出解決辦法等Herearesomesuggestionsforhandling...這是處理 的一些建議。Thebestwaytosolvethetroublesis...解決這些麻煩的最好辦法是 Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.人們已找出許多辦法來解決這個問題。（三）批判錯誤觀點型Asfarassomethingisconcerned,...就某事而言， Itwasobviousthat...很顯然, Itmaybetruethat...,butitdoesn'tmeanthat...可能 是對的，但這并不意味著……Itisnaturaltobelievethat...,butweshouldn'tignorethat...認(rèn)為 是很自然的,但我們不應(yīng)忽視……Thereisnoevidencetosuggestthat...沒有證據(jù)表明 (四)常用展開詞語與句型1)列舉(Listing)—...isatypicalexample.—Take...asanexample.—Letussupposethat...—Justthinkof(imagine)that...-Butconsider,forexample...—Suchexamplescanbefound...2)因果(CauseandEffect)-Therearemanyreasonsfor...—Theanswertotheprobleminvolvesmanyfactors...—Thereasonsarevaried,theyinclude...—...partlybecauseof(dueto)...—...notbecause...butbecause...—...mainlystemsfrom...-That'swhy...—Manyfactorsweighheavilyon...—Anotherimportantreasonis......isnotthesolecausefor......isalsoresponsiblefor...3)比較、對比(ComparisonContrast)-JustasA...,soB...Aisasmuchas...AandBhavemanythingsincommon--A…,so(nor)B...—A...,whereas(while)B...—AandBdifferin...—Notlessthan...—Notanymorethan...—Thesameistrueof...4)概括(Generalization)—Ingeneral...—Generallyspeaking...-Onthewhole...—...isprobablythecaseinmostcases.5)評價與反駁(CommentingandRefuting)—Although...,Idoubt(wonder)...—Although...widelyfelt,itisunlikely...—Peopletendtothink...-It'strue...,but...-Youmay...,itprobablywill...一I'dliketoargue...—Myargumentis...—Iassumethat...—Quiteonthecontrary...—Inmyopinion(understanding)...一It'swrongtothink...-Itwouldbeabsurdto...—Itmaysoundreasonable,butIamnotsure...6)演繹與推理(DeductionandReasoning)—Itseems