考研考博-英語-公安消防部隊(duì)高等?？茖W(xué)校考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-公安消防部隊(duì)高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Themagicianpicked（）severalfromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.byaccident

B.onoccasion

C.atrandom

D.onaverage

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。byaccident“偶然，意外地”；onoccasion“有時(shí)，偶爾”；atrandom“隨便地，隨機(jī)地，任意地”；onaverage“平均，普通”。魔術(shù)師應(yīng)該是隨機(jī)地挑選幾位觀眾來幫助他完成表演。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

Wecanbeginourdiscussionof“populationasaglobalissue”withwhatmostpersonmeanwhentheydiscuss“thepopulationproblem”:toomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.Thefactsarenotindispute.Itwasquiterighttoemployasimilarmatterthatlinkeddemographic(人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué))growthto“along,thinpowerfusethatburnssteadilyfromtimetotimeuntilitfinallyreachesthelimit,andexplodes”.

Tounderstandthecurrentsituation,whichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulation,itisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8,000yearsofdemographichistory.Wefindthatpopulationhavebeenreallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestors,lifewashard,oftennasty,andveryshort.Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whereinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.Thus,thepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanrace.

Thispatternisimportanttoknow.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspective,butitsuggeststhatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildren,butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighrateofdeath.

Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflong,slowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8000B.C.tillapproximately1650A.D.Andaperiodofrapidgrowthsince1650.Inthefirstperiodofsome9,600years,thepopulationincreasedformsome8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650andthepresent,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Anditisestimatedthatbytheyear2020therewillbe8billionpeoplethroughouttheworld.Onewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframetosomethingthatismoremanageable.Between8000B.C.and1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld’spopulationeachyear.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.

1.Accordingtothepassage,“populationasaglobalissue”（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromtheexampleofapowerfusethat（）.

3.Whatleadstoastablegrowthofpopulationformostofhumanhistory?

4.Thereasonforarapidgrowthofpopulationliesinthefactthat（）.

5.Howmanypeopleareborneverysixhoursatpresent,accordingtotheauthor?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isquiteunlikethepopulationproblemandthusdoesn’tneedourconcern

B.focusesontrackingdownthereasonofrapidpopulationgrowth

C.dealswiththesameproblemarousedbythepopulationproblem

D.willmanagethepopulationgrowthproblemfromglobalperspectives

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.toomuchpopulationwillonedayleadtothedoomofhumanbeings

B.thetrendofpopulationgrowthwillkeepunsteadyuntilthedestructionofEarth

C.demographicgrowthwillfollowacertainpatternofupsanddowns

D.itislikelyinthenearfuturethatpopulationwillreducegradually

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Speciescompetition

B.Lowfertility

C.Tribalfights

D.Highrateofdeath

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearepermittedtohavemorechildren

B.peoplecanlivebetterthanbefore

C.newbornbabiesdielessthanbefore

D.wehavefoundthesecretoflongevity

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Eightymillion.

B.Eightthousand

C.Fiftythousand

D.Fivemillion

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。原文首段第一句提及“Wecanbeginourdiscussionof‘populationasaglobalissue’withwhatmostpersonmeanwhentheydiscuss‘thepopulationproblem’…當(dāng)大多數(shù)人在討論‘人口問題’的時(shí)候，我們也可以開始‘人口作為一個(gè)全球問題’的討論?！庇纱丝芍@兩個(gè)問題是一樣的，都是由人口問題引發(fā)的，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“powerfuse”定位到第一段最后一句“Itwasquiterighttoemployasimilarmatterthatlinkeddemographicgrowthto‘a(chǎn)long,thinpowerfusethatburnssteadilyfromtimetotimeuntilitfinallyreachesthelimit,andexplodes’.它很正確地使用了一個(gè)類似的問題，即把人口增長(zhǎng)與‘一根又長(zhǎng)又細(xì)的電源保險(xiǎn)絲，它不時(shí)地穩(wěn)定燃燒，直到最終達(dá)到極限并爆炸’聯(lián)系起來。”由此可知，作者是想通過電源保險(xiǎn)絲的例子告訴我們，人口過多總有一天會(huì)導(dǎo)致人類的滅亡，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第三句“Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whereinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.在人類歷史的大部分時(shí)間里，很少會(huì)有十分之一的人活過四十歲，而在這個(gè)時(shí)期，嬰兒期和兒童期是特別危險(xiǎn)的。”也就是說，導(dǎo)致人口穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)的原因是高死亡率，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容：它不僅從歷史的角度看待目前的人口增長(zhǎng)問題，它表明了近年來人口快速增長(zhǎng)的原因不是人們突然想要生更多的孩子，而是因?yàn)楦纳屏藗鹘y(tǒng)上造成高死亡率的狀況。由此可知，人口快速增長(zhǎng)的真正原因在于死亡率的改善，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干問的是“目前每六小時(shí)有多少人出生?”根據(jù)最后一段的最后三句“Between8000B.C.and1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld’spopulationeachyear.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.公元前8000年—1650年間，世界人口平均每年只增加5萬人。目前，這個(gè)數(shù)字每六小時(shí)增加一次。每年大約增加8000萬人?！庇纱丝芍?，現(xiàn)在每六個(gè)小時(shí)有5萬人出生，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.單選題

（

）ishisowndecision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whenleaving

B.Whendoesheleave

C.Whenheleaves

D.Heleaves

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由空格后“ishisowndecision”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里缺少主語，故能充當(dāng)主語的C項(xiàng)“Whenheleaves”正確。A項(xiàng)“Whenleaving”屬于時(shí)間狀語；B項(xiàng)“Whendoesheleave”屬于疑問句，不能充當(dāng)主語；D項(xiàng)“Heleaves”中謂語動(dòng)詞“l(fā)eaves”與空格后系動(dòng)詞“is”重復(fù)，在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上不正確。選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.單選題

Theprofessorgave（）instructiontothewholeclasssoastomakeeverystudentunderstandhowtoconducttheexperimentinthelab.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.authoritative

B.afflictive

C.explicit

D.obvious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。authoritative“有權(quán)威的”；afflictive“難受的，苦惱的”；explicit“明確的”;obvious“明顯的”。根據(jù)后面makeeverystudentunderstandhowtoconducttheexperimentinthelab“讓每個(gè)學(xué)生知道如何在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)”可知教授給出了“詳細(xì)的說明”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Theneighborsdonotconsiderhimquite___asmosteveningsheawakensthemwithhisdrunkensinging.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectful

B.respected

C.respectable

D.suitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的；有禮貌的（表示對(duì)……的尊重）”；B選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的（受到……的尊敬，語氣程度最深）”；C選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的；人格高尚的；相當(dāng)數(shù)量的（被社會(huì)接受的，好的或正確的）”；D選項(xiàng)suitable“適當(dāng)?shù)?；相配的”。句意：鄰居們認(rèn)為他不太___，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)晚上他都會(huì)用醉醺醺的歌聲把他們吵醒。本句表達(dá)“鄰居認(rèn)為他不太值得尊敬”，不太被鄰居接受，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.Androgynistpoetics,rootedinmid-Victorianwomen’swriting,contendsthatthecreativemindissexless,butfromthe1970son,manyfeministcriticsrejectedtheideaofthegenderless,mind,findingthattheimaginationcannotevadeconsciousorunconsciousstructuresofgenderwhichispartofculture-determinationwhereseparatingimaginationfromtheselfisimpossible.

TheFemaleAesthetic,expressingauniquefemaleconsciousnessinliterature,spokeofthe“femalevernacular,theMotherTongue,apowerfulbutneglectedwomen’sculture”.VirginiaWoolfdiscusseshowawomanwriterseekswithinherself“thepools,thedepths,thedarkplaceswherethelargestfishslumber”,inevitablycollidingagainstherownsexualitytoconfront“somethingaboutthebody,aboutthepassions”.Accessibletomenandwomenalike,butrepresentingfemalesexualmorphology,thismethodsoughtawayofwritingwhichliterallyembodiedthefemale,therebyfightingthesubordinating,linearstyleofclassificationordistinction.

ItmustbeadmittedthatthereareproblemswiththeFemaleAestheticthatfeministcriticsthemselvesrecognized.Forinstance,theyavoideddefiningexactlywhatconstitutedtheirwritingstyle,asanydefinitionwouldthencategorizeitandsafelysubsumeitasagenreunderthelinearpatriarchalstructure—itsveryrestlessnessandambiguitydefiedidentificationaspartofitsidentity.SomefeministsandwomenwriterscouldfeelexcludedbythesurrealityoftheFemaleAestheticanditsstressonthebiologicalformsoffemaleexperience,whichalsobearcloseresemblancetoessentialism.Menmaytrytheirhandatwritingwoman’sbodies,butaccordingtothefeministcritique,onlyawomanwhoseverybiologygaveheranedgecouldreadthesetextssuccessfully—apositionwhich,worstofall,riskedmarginalizationofwomen’sliteratureandtheory.

Later,Gynocriticsattemptedtoresolvesomeoftheseproblems,byagreeingthatwomen’sliteraturelayasthecentralconcernforfeministcriticismbutrejectingtheconceptofanessentialfemaleidentityandstyle,whilesimultaneouslyseekingtoreviseFreudianstructuresbyemphasizingaPre-Oedipalphasewhereinthedaughter’sbondtohermotherinscribesthekeyfactoringenderidentity.MatriarchalvaluesdissolveintergenerationalconflictsandbuilduponafemaletraditionofliteratureratherthanthestruggleofOedipusandLaisatthecrossroads.Lastlyandmostpromisinginitsachievementofadelicatebalancearedevelopmentsofanover-archinggendertheory,whichconsidersgender,bothmaleandfemale,asasocialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences.Gendertheoryproposestoexploreideologicalinscriptionandtheliteraryeffectsofthesex/gendersystem,openinguptheliterarytheorystageandbringinginquestionsofmasculinityintofeministtheory.Takinggenderasafundamentalanalyticcategorybringsfeministcriticismfromthemargintothecenter,thoughitrisksdepoliticizingthestudyofwomen.

30.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthecontentofthepassage?

31.TheauthorspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingissuesthathavebeenconsideredintheevolutionoffeministliterarycriticismEXCEPT（）.

32.Theauthorrefersto“thelargestfish”(Paragraph2)primarilyinorderto（）.

33.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestriskposedbythefeministtheories,liketheFemaleAesthetic,whichposittheexistenceofan“essential”ornon-constructedgenderisin（）.

34.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorwoulddefinethe“delicatebalance”mentionedinthelastparagraphastheequilibriumbetween（）.

35.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldmostlikelydescribetheevolutionoffeministliterarytheoryas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.AHistoricalOverviewofFeministLiteraryCriticism

B.EstablishingNewFeministConceptsofGender

C.ThePrecariousFeministCompromiseinPoliticsandArt

D.ANewTheoryofLiteraryCriticism

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theplaceofwomenintheliterarycanon

B.thequestionofcultureindetermininggender

C.theroleofFreudintheorizinggenderidentity

D.theeffectofbiologicaldifferencesontextualstyle

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.suggestarefugefromthelonghistoryofsexistliterarycriticism

B.offerasenseofpoliticalpurposethatcanonlybeawakenedthroughliterature

C.articulatethepossibilityforescapefromtheconfinesofgenderedidentity

D.referenceauniquefeministidentitythatmustbeextractedsomehowfromthebody

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.creatingadead-endforfeministliterarycriticismbyattackingthenotionofanandrogynistpoetics

B.reinforcingsexistnotionsthatwomencannotemulatetheliterarystyleofmen

C.pushingfeministwritingoutofthemainstreambyarguingthatmenareunabletofullycomprehendwomen’swriting

D.relyingtooheavilyonthetheoriesofFreud,underwhichidentityistheproductofbiology

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.establishingtiesbetweengenerationsofwomenwritersandfightingpatriarchalinfluence

B.assigningtheproperweighttotheconceptofgenderassociallyconstructedandbiologicallyinherited

C.activelyfightingandpassivelydocumentingtheliteraryeffectsofthesex/gendersystem

D.avoidingmarginalizationonthepoliticalfringesandde-politicizationinthepoliticalmainstream

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.agradualmovementfromtheideaofgenderlesswritingtoawritingthatoriginatesinthewoman’sbody

B.ashiftbetweenadversarialcriticismtomoretolerantvarietiesofcriticism

C.aregularfluctuationbetweentheideaofgenderlessandgenderedwritingthatgraduallysettlesonacompromise

D.amoreorlessconstantpursuitofthegoalofestablishingauniquenicheforwomen’sliterature

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

【解析】30.主旨大意題。通讀全文，發(fā)現(xiàn)作者的寫作脈絡(luò)都是圍繞“FeministLiteraryCriticism”,原文首段是說Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.（女權(quán)主義評(píng)論者在性別對(duì)創(chuàng)造力和演繹能力的作用上存在爭(zhēng)議）文第二段是說TheFemaleAesthetic,expressingauniquefemaleconsciousnessinliterature,（女性審美在文學(xué)上表達(dá)出一種獨(dú)特的女性意識(shí)）；原文第三段是說ItmustbeadmittedthatthereareproblemswiththeFemaleAestheticthatfeministcriticsthemselvesrecognized.（女權(quán)主義評(píng)論者認(rèn)識(shí)到并且承認(rèn)女性審美存在一些問題）；原文第四段是說Later,Gynocriticsattemptedtoresolvesomeoftheseproblems（女性評(píng)論者試著解決其中的一些問題）?？梢?，全文應(yīng)為“女性文學(xué)評(píng)論的歷史概述”。即可得出本題答案。

31.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。選項(xiàng)A可定位至第二段第一句；選項(xiàng)B可定位至第三段；選項(xiàng)C可定位至第四段，選項(xiàng)D文中未提及。從而得出本題答案。

32.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第二段第二句VirginiaWoolfdiscusseshowawomanwriterseekswithinherself“thepools,thedepths,thedarkplaceswherethelargestfishslumber”,inevitablycollidingagainstherownsexualitytoconfront“somethingaboutthebody,aboutthepassions”（弗吉尼亞?伍爾夫（VirginiaWoolf）探討了一位女作家如何在自己內(nèi)心尋找“池塘、深處、最大的魚睡覺的黑暗地方”，不可避免地與自己的性欲發(fā)生沖突，以面對(duì)“有關(guān)身體和激情的某些東西”。）根據(jù)“ownsexuality”,“thebody”,“thepassions”等信息判定“thelargestfish”指的是選項(xiàng)D。從而得出本題答案。

試題答案D

33.

信息推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“thegreatestrisk”，將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第三段最后一句Menmaytrytheirhandatwritingwoman’sbodies,butaccordingtothefeministcritique,onlyawomanwhoseverybiologygaveheranedgecouldreadthesetextssuccessfully—apositionwhich,worstofall,riskedmarginalizationofwomen’sliteratureandtheory.（女性主義批評(píng)認(rèn)為只有女性才能夠解讀女性寫作的文本，而這一立場(chǎng)帶來的最大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是將女性文學(xué)與理論邊緣化）即可得出本題答案。

34.

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“delicatebalance”，將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文最后一段第三句“Lastlyandmostpromisinginitsachievementofadelicatebalancearedevelopmentsofanover-archinggendertheory,whichconsidersgender,bothmaleandfemale,asasocialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences.（最后，在實(shí)現(xiàn)微妙的平衡方面最有希望的是一種包羅萬象的性別理論的發(fā)展，該理論認(rèn)為性別，包括男性和女性，是建立在生理差異基礎(chǔ)上的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)。）根據(jù)“considersgender”“socialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences”即可得出本題答案。

35.信息歸納題。本文主要關(guān)于女性文學(xué)評(píng)論的歷史發(fā)展，根據(jù)原文第一段第一句Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.（長(zhǎng)期以來，女權(quán)主義批評(píng)家一直在爭(zhēng)論性別在文本的創(chuàng)作和解釋中所起的作用。），最后一段的“adelicatebalance”即可得出本題答案。

7.單選題

Thepeoplewereannoyedbythe（）supplyofelectricityandwaterinsummer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insufficient

B.integral

C.inferior

D.indispensable

【答案】A

【解析】詞義辨析題。insufficient不足的；integral完整的；inferior等級(jí)低的；indispensable不重要的。句意：人們對(duì)夏天水電供應(yīng)不足感到煩惱。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

48.Whenaliquidorgasisheatedfrombelow,thefluidtends（

）intocylindricalrolls.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itsorganization

B.toorganizeitself

C.andisorganized

D.organizing

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配題。固定搭配tendtodosth.表示“傾向于做…”，B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.問答題

Filmmakersunderstandablylosemuchoftheirinterestinthegenre,(appealto)

【答案】Itisunderstandablethatthegenredoesn’tappealtofilmmakersmuch.

10.單選題

Thequantumtheorystates（

）,aslight,isgivenoffandabsorbedindefiniteunitscalledquantaorphotons.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.energythat

B.thatitisenergy

C.itisenergy

D.thatenergy

【答案】D

【解析】考查賓語從句。states是謂語，后面接一個(gè)句子做賓語。賓語從句需要一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞that,另外賓語從句還缺少主語，故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：量子理論認(rèn)為，能量，比如光，是以量子或光子的基本單位來釋放和吸收的。

11.單選題

Herefusedto___thathewasdefeated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.burlesque

B.conceive

C.acknowledge

D.probe

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)burlesque“模仿嘲弄；取笑”；B選項(xiàng)conceive“懷孕；構(gòu)思；以為；持有”；C選項(xiàng)acknowledge“承認(rèn)；答謝；報(bào)償；告知已收到”；D選項(xiàng)probe“探查；用探針探測(cè)”。句意：他拒絕___自己被打敗了。本句表達(dá)“拒絕承認(rèn)被打敗”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Onthefatefulnightin1930whenthefirstGermanbombsfellonPoland,youngNinaNovak,oneofPoland'smostpromisingdancers,wasperformingintheOperaHouseinWarsaw.TwodayslatertheOperaHousewasdestroyedbybombs.Nina'swholelifehadbeendevotedtoballet:Nowherworldcollapsedaroundher.Inthedarkyearsthatfollowed,itseemedthatshewouldneverdanceagain,muchlessbecomeoneoftheworld'sleadingballerinas.ButNinahadcourageandadreamthatbeganwhenshewasveryyoung.

NinawasborninWarsawandspenttheearlyyearsofherchildhoodthere;HerfirstschoolteachernoticedlittleNina’sgraceandtoldhersheshouldstudydancing,Ninadelightedlyreportedtheteacher'swordsathome,buthermotherfoughttheidea,sayingthatnodaughterofherswasgoingtobeadancer.Nina,however,wasadeterminedchild.Shehadmadeuphermindtobeareallygreatballerinanomatterwhatthecost,andsheworkedtowardthisgoalwithherwholebeing.ShecoaxedandrageduntilhermotherfinallygaveinandletherenrollatthePolishOperaBalletSchool.

Herfirstappearanceonstagecamethreeyearslater,whenshewasallowedtodancethepartofaslavegirlintheoperaAida.Shortlyafterthis,Ninabecamearealprofessional,dancingfortwoyearsasprimaballerinaoftheChildren'sofWarsaw.

Whenshewasthirteen,shewastakenintothePolishOperaCompany.Shewastheyoungestdancerevertobecomeamemberofitscorpsdeballet.Thefollowingyear,shestartedoutwiththecompanyonalongEuropeantour.ShespenttwoexcitingyearsdancinginthecapitalsofEurope,andsherosefromherhumbleplaceinthecorpsdeballetallthewaytosoloist.

ShehadjustreturnedtoWarsawafterthistourwhenthePolishStateBalletwasinvitedtodanceattheWorld’sFarinNewYorkearlyin1929.ButwhileshewasdancinggailyinNewYork,warcloudsweredarkeningoverhernativecountry.NinahadbeenhomeforonlyamonthwhenHitlermarchedintoPoland.

TheinvadingGermansdecreedthatanyonewhodidnothaveajobwouldbesenttoaworkcamp.Atgreatrisk,NinarefusedtodanceatthelargetheaterthattheGermanshadtaken-over.InsteadshejoinedagroupofPolishdancersinasmall,ill-equippedtheaterwheretheygaveperformancesonlyfortheirowncountrymen.

ThedarkyearsofWorldWarIIworeon.Onebyone,themembersofNina'slargeandwealthyfamilywerearrestedandsenttoconcentration:camps.Heradoredolderbrotherwastakenfirst,thenherfather,thenNinaandherotherbrothersandsisters.Theywereseparatedandsenttodifferentcamps.Ninafranticallyaskedfornewsofherfamilyfromeachprisonerwhocametohercamp.Drearymonthdraggedbybeforethetragicnewsreachedherthatherbelovedbrotherhadbeenkilledfromanti-Naziactivities.Herfather,too,wasdead—ofstarvation.

Dazedwithgrief,shenolongercaredwhethershelivedordied.Sixmonthslater,whenliberatingtroopsarrivedandthrewopentheprisongates,shewassothinthatshecouldhardlywalk.

Barelyawarethatthewarwasover;Ninalistlesslybegantopickupthethreadsofherlife.Shewasreunitedwithwhatwasleftofherfamily,andtheytriedtomakesomesortoflifeforthemselvesinwar-tomPoland.Shebegantofeelvaguestirringsoftheold,familiardesiretodance,butshewasstilltoodepressedandweaktopractice.Heryoungerbrothertriedtoencourageher.Hebegantopracticewithher,andsoontheyhadbuiltupacharminglittledanceroutineoftheirown.TogethertheyfounddancingengagementsinmanyWarsawnightspots.ThefamilydecidedthatthebestfutureforNinaasadancerwasintheUnitedSates,andtheystartedsavingmoneyforhertomakethetrip.

NinaarrivedinNewYorkin1947—aslightgirlwhosetragicdarkeyesheldtheonlyhintoftheheartbreakshehadbeenthrough.ShesentaboutlearningtospeakEnglishandtookintensiveballetlessonstoretrainherstill-frailbody.SheappliedforapositioninthecorpsdeballetoftheBalletRussedeMonteCarloin1948,andwasaccepted.Sheworkedhard,determinedtorisetothetop.Fouryearslater,shehadmadethegrade-shewasthetop-rankingballerinawiththeBalletRussedeMonteCarlo.

ThebitterwarhadbroughtNinaheartbreakandhaddrivenhertothevergeofphysicalcollapse.Butinspiteofthis;shesaystoday,"Alwaysinlife,Ihaveluck—reallyhaveluck!"Sheinsiststhatitwasluckthatbroughthertwoofhergreatestroles.ThefirstwasSwan-HildainCoppelia.Ninadancedthatroleonthreedays’noticewhentheBalletRussedeMonteCarlowasinChicago.ReplacingDanilova,whowasill,shedancedsowellthatshegotravenoticesfromtheChicagocritics.

Itwasluckagain,accordingtoNinathatbroughthertheroleinMutewifeforwhichsheisbestknown.Theleadingballerinahadanargumentwiththechoreographerandwalkedout.Ninasteppedin.

ShehaswonaleadingroleinalmosteveryballetoftheBalletRusse.Stilldrivenbyambition,sheissodedicatedtoherprofessionthatnothingelsematterstoher.NinaNovakhastakenforhercreedthewordsofherteacheroflongago:"Ifpeopletellyouthatyoucannotdance,donotbelievethem,foryoucan.Butiftheysaythatyouarewonderful,donotbelievethemeither,foryoumustalwaysimprove."

1.WhenNinawastakenintothePolishOperaCompany,shewas（）.

2.Ofthefollowingevents,thefirsttooccurwas（）.

3.WhydidNinarefusetodanceatthetheatertakenoverbytheGermans?

4.Itismostaccuratetosaythatthewar（）.

5.Ninathinksthatshe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thestarorprimaballerina

B.theyoungestdancer

C.stillabeginner

D.theleadingprofessionaldancer

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theGermaninvasionofPoland

B.Nina'sEuropeantour

C.TheWorld'sFairinNewYork

D.Nina'sbecominga'realprofessionaldancer

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseshewantedtodanceinalargetheatre.

B.Becauseshewasnolongerinterestedindancing.

C.BecauseshedidnotwanttodancefortheGermans.

D.Becauseshewasillandtooweaktodance.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.didnotaffectNina'sdevotiontodancing

B.almostruinedNina'swholelife

C.changedNina'smostimportantgoals

D.hadagreatinfluenceonNina'scharacters

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.stillmustprovetoothersthatshecandance

B.stillmustworkatlearningtodance

C.hasatlastreachedhergoal

D.hadmadegreatachievementsindancing.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題，根據(jù)原文第四段Whenshewasthirteen,shewastakenintothePolishOperaCompany.Shewastheyoungestdancerevertobecomeamemberofitscorpsdeballet.可知，Nina在十三歲時(shí)進(jìn)入波蘭戲劇公司，是最年輕的舞蹈演員。因此，本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由原文第四段Thefollowingyear,shestartedoutwiththecompanyonalongEuropeantour.可知，在進(jìn)入PolishOperaCompany之后，Nina參與了一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的歐洲巡演。因此，本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

3.C推理判斷題。由原文第六段TheinvadingGermansdecreedthatanyonewhodidnothaveajobwouldbesenttoaworkcamp.Atgreatrisk,NinarefusedtodanceatthelargetheaterthattheGermanshadtaken-overInsteadhejoinedagroupofPolishdancersinasmall,ill-equippedtheaterwheretheygaveperformancesonlyfortheirowncountrymen.可知，入侵的德國(guó)人下令，任何沒有工作的人都將被送到勞改營(yíng)。冒著極大的危險(xiǎn)，Nina拒絕在德國(guó)人占領(lǐng)的大劇院里跳舞，而是加入了一群波蘭舞者，在一個(gè)設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)陋的小劇院里，只為自己的同胞表演。因此，本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給Nina的人生和舞蹈生涯都帶來了很大的打擊。她的家人在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中相繼被迫害，她自己也被送到了集中營(yíng)，但是她始終都保持著對(duì)舞蹈的熱愛和追求。A選項(xiàng)didnotaffectNina’sdevotiontodancing“沒有影響Nina對(duì)舞蹈的熱愛”符合題意，故正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文最后一段Ifpeopletellyouthatyoucannotdance,donotbelievethem,foryoucan.Butiftheysaythatyouarewonderful,donotbelievethemeitherforyoumustalwaysimprove.可知，Nina的信條是不要相信別人對(duì)自己的否定，也不要滿足于別人對(duì)自己的贊揚(yáng)，人需要不斷提升自我。所以B項(xiàng)“她認(rèn)為自己仍然需要不斷地學(xué)習(xí)舞蹈，提高技藝”符合原文內(nèi)容，故本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

Thatpublicfigurewasreally（）forsayingthosethingsinpublic,eventhoughpeoplecanunderstandhimandseehispointofviewonthematter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.behindthelines

B.outofline

C.offtheline

D.inhisline

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。behindthelines“在后方；繩子的背后”，outofline“不協(xié)調(diào)，違規(guī)”，offtheline“打完電話”，沒有搭配inhisline。句意：那位公眾人物在公共場(chǎng)合說那些話真是不合規(guī)矩，盡管人們能理解他，也能看到他對(duì)這件事情的看法。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

14.單選題

Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIamanidealistandafool.InhighschoolIwantedtobeanelectricalengineerand,ofcourse,anysensiblestudentwithmyaimswouldhavechosenacollegewithalargeengineeringdepartment,famousreputationandlotofgoodlabsandresearchequipment.Butthat’snotwhatIdid.

Ichosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitythatdoesn’tevenofferamajorinelectricalengineering.Obviously,thiswasnotapracticalchoice;Icamehereformorenoblereasons.Iwantedabroadeducationthatwouldprovidemewithflexibilityandavaluesystemtoguidemeinmycareer.Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionbyinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren'tstudyingscienceorengineering.Myparents,teachersandotheradultspraisedmeforsuchasensiblechoice.TheytoldmeIwaswiseandmaturebeyondmy18years,andIbelievedthem.

Iheadedofftocollege,feelingsureIwasgoingtohaveanadvantageoverthosestudentswhowenttobigengineering“factories”wheretheydidn'tcareifyouhadvaluesorwereflexible.Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone.

NowI’mnotsosure.Somewherealongthewaymynobleidealscrashedintoreality,asallnobleidealseventuallydo.Afterthreeyearsofstrugglingtobalancemath,physicsandengineeringcourseswithliberal-artscourses,Ihavelearnedtherearereasonswhyfewengineeringstudentstrytoreconcileengineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege.

Therealitythathasblockedmypathtobecomethetypicalsuccessfulstudentisthatengineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon’tmixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschool.Individuallytheyshapeapersoninverydifferentways;togethertheythreatentoconfuse.Thestruggletoreconcilethetwofieldsofstudyisdifficult.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,byinteractingwithpeoplewhostudyliberalarts,engineeringstudentscan（

）.

2.Intheeyesoftheauthor,asuccessfulengineeringstudentisexpected（）.

3.Theauthorchosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitybecausehe（）.

4.Theauthor’sexperienceshowsthathewas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.becomenobleidealists

B.broadentheirhorizons

C.balanceengineeringandtheliberalarts

D.receiveguidanceintheircareers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.tobewiseandmature

B.tobeatechnicalgeniuswithawidevision

C.tohaveanexcellentacademicrecord

D.tobeimaginativewithavaluesystemtoguidehim

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.intendedtobeacombinationofengineerandhumanist

B.wantedtobeanexampleofpracticalityandrationality

C.wantedtocoordinateengineeringwithl