考研考博-英語-山西職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山西職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Jackcametothepartywithayoungwoman,whomI（）tobehisgirlfriend.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pretended

B.supposed

C.resumed

D.granted

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。pretended“假裝”;supposed“猜想”;resumed“繼續(xù),重新開始”;granted“同意,授予”。句意:Jack和一個(gè)年輕女子一起來參加聚會,我猜想應(yīng)該是他的女朋友。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.單選題

Obesitygenerallyisdefinedasanaccumulationoffatbeyondwhatisconsiderednormalforaperson'sage,sex,andbodytype.Intoday’ssocietyobesityisconsideredadisease,notamoralfailing.Itoccurswhenenergyintakeexceedstheamountofenergyexpendedovertime.Onlyinasmallminorityofcasesisobesitycausedbysuchillnessesashypothyroidism,ortheresultoftakingmedicationssuchassteroids(類固醇),thatcancauseweightgain.

Themoreapersonweighs,themorebloodvesselsthebodyneedstocirculatebloodthroughoutthebody.Thehearttakesonaheavyburdenashastopumphardertoforcethebloodflowthroughsomanyvessels.Asaresult;theheartgrowsinsizeandbloodpressuretendstorise.Obesityisalsoafactorinosteoarthritis(becauseoftheextraweightplacedonthejoints),boneandjointdiseases,respiratoryailments,gallbladderdisease,complicationsduringpregnancyanddelivery,andhigheraccidentaldeathrate.

Obesitycanalterhormonelevels,affectimmunefunction,andcauseimpotenceinmenandreproductiveproblemsinwomen.Womenwhoare30%overweightaretwiceaslikelytodieofendometrialcancer,andthosewhoare40%overweighthavefourtimestherisk.Obesewomenalsoaremorelikelytoincurcancersofthebreast,ovaries,andgallbladder.Obesemenaremorelikelytodevelopcancersoftherectum,colon,bladder,pancreas,stomach,andprostate.

Obesitycanalsocausepsychologicalproblems.Sufferersareassociatedwithlaziness,failure,orinadequatewillpower.Asaresult,overweightmenandwomenblamethemselvesforbeingheavy,thuscausingfeelingsofguiltanddepression.

ScientificevidencehasfoundanassociationbetweenBMI(bodymassindex)andhigherdeathrates.However,therelativeriskofbeingheavydeclineswithage.Someresearchershavefoundthatdatalinkingoverweightanddeathareinconclusive,whileotherresearchershavefoundthatlosingweightmayberiskierthandangersposedbyextrapounds.Someresearcherscounterthatoverweightindirectlycontributestoover300,000deathsayear.

ApollbyShapeUpAmericafoundthat78%ofoverweightorobeseadultshaveabandoneddietingasameansoflosingweight.Dietsdonotteachpeoplehowtoeatproperly.Theymerelyrestrictfoodintaketemporarily,sowhenthedietends,weightgainresumes.

1.Whichofthefollowingexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whydoesdietingnotresultinpermanentweightloss?

4.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedinParagraph5?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconcludedfromthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Obesityputsaburdenontheheart.

B.Manypeopleareconstantlydieting

C.Obesityisconsideredtobeadisease.

D.Obesitycanleadtomanyserioushealthproblems

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.obesityisoftenrelatedtomedicationssuchassteroids

B.obesitydoesnotaffectaperson'schanceofgettingcancer

C.adiagnosisofobesityisbasedonanormalweightforone'sage,sexandbodytype.

D.obesityisbecominglessofaproblemintoday'ssociety

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Dietsdon'tteachpeoplegoodeatinghabits,

B.Dietsleadtopeople’sguiltanddepression

C.Therearetoomanydietsandeachhasdifferentrequirements.

D.Dietscausefeelingofdeprivation

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Losingalotofweightisnotwiseforolderpeople.

B.Somesurgicalmethodsforweightlossarebetterthandieting.

C.Allobesepeopleneedtoshedtheirextrapounds.

D.Obesepeopleshouldconsulttheirdoctorsabouttheprosandconsoflosingweight

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Obesityisnotamajorhealthrisk.

B.Scientistsagreeontheconnectionbetweenobesityanddeath.

C.Obesepeoplearelikelytobebiasedagainstbyothers

D.Obesepeopleoftenblameothersfortheirconditions.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。第一段主要說明了什么是肥胖及什么導(dǎo)致了肥胖，第二段至第五段討論了肥胖會導(dǎo)致的各種健康問題，最后一段說明了減肥失敗的原因。因此D項(xiàng)“肥胖會導(dǎo)致許多嚴(yán)重的健康問題”符合文章大意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:肥胖通常與類固醇等藥物有關(guān)。第一段贊成：Onlyinasmallminorityofcasesisobesitycausedbysuchillnessesashypothyroidism,ortheresultoftakingmedicationssuchassteroids（類固醇），thatcancauseweightgain（只有在少數(shù)情況下，肥胖是由甲狀腺功能減退等疾病或服用能導(dǎo)致體重增加的如類固醇藥物造成的）。因此A項(xiàng)不符合原文所述。B:肥胖不會影響一個(gè)人得癌癥的幾率。第三段指出：Obesewomenalsoaremorelikelytoincurcancersofthebreast（肥胖女性也更容易患乳腺癌）。因此B項(xiàng)錯誤。C:肥胖的診斷是基于一個(gè)人的年齡、性別和體型的正常體重。第一段指出：Obesitygenerallyisdefinedasanaccumulationoffatbeyondwhatisconsiderednormalforaperson'sase,sex,andbodytype（肥胖一般被定義為脂肪的積累超過了就一個(gè)人的年齡、性別和體型而言被認(rèn)為是正常的水平）。因此C項(xiàng)正確。D:在當(dāng)今社會，肥胖已經(jīng)不再是一個(gè)問題了。第一段指出：Intoday’ssocietyobesityisconsideredadisease（在當(dāng)今社會，肥胖被認(rèn)為是一種疾?。Ｒ虼薉項(xiàng)不符合原文所述。本題選C。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出：Dietsdonotteachpeoplehowtoeatproperly.Theymerelyrestrictfoodintaketemporarily,sowhenthedietends,weightgainresumes（節(jié)食并不能教會人們?nèi)绾握_飲食。他們只是暫時(shí)限制食物攝入，所以當(dāng)飲食結(jié)束時(shí)，體重又會恢復(fù)增長）。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。A:對老年人來說，減肥是不明智的。B:有些手術(shù)減肥方法比節(jié)食減肥效果好。C:所有的肥胖者都需要減掉多余的體重。D:肥胖的人應(yīng)該向醫(yī)生咨詢減肥的利與弊。第五段指出：而另一些研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，減肥可能比超重帶來的危險(xiǎn)更大。一些研究人員反駁說，超重每年間接導(dǎo)致30多萬人死亡。由此推斷，是否應(yīng)減肥還應(yīng)向醫(yī)生咨詢，故選D。

第5題:判斷推理題。A:肥胖不是一個(gè)主要的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。文章提及很多肥胖導(dǎo)致的健康問題，因此A項(xiàng)并不能被推斷出。B:科學(xué)家們一致認(rèn)為肥胖和死亡之間存在聯(lián)系。第五段有指出：關(guān)于肥胖與死亡的關(guān)系，有很多不同觀點(diǎn)，因此B項(xiàng)也不能被推斷出。C:胖人有可能受到他人對自己的偏見。D:肥胖的人經(jīng)常把自己的狀況歸咎于別人。第四段指出：（肥胖）患者被與懶惰、失敗或意志力不足聯(lián)系在一起。最后，超重的男人和女人責(zé)怪他們自己太重，從而導(dǎo)致內(nèi)疚和沮喪的感覺。由此推斷，C項(xiàng)正確，D項(xiàng)不正確。本題選C。

3.單選題

Whydosomedesertplantsgrowtallandthinlikeorganpipes?Whydomosttreesinthetropicskeeptheirleavesyearround?WhyintheArctictundraaretherenotreesatall?Aftermanyyearswithoutconvincinggeneralanswers,wenowknowmuchaboutwhatsetsthefashioninplantdesign.

Usingterminologymorecharacteristicofathermalengineerthanofabotanist,wecanthinkofplantsasmechanismsthatmustbalancetheirheatbudgets.AplantbydayisstakedoutundertheSunwithnowayofshelteringitself.Alldaylongitabsorbsheat.Ifitdidnotloseasmuchheatasitgained,theneventuallyitwoulddie.

Plantsgetridoftheirheatbywarmingtheairaroundthem,byevaporatingwater,andbyradiatingheattotheatmosphereandthecold,blackreachesofspacetemperatureistolerablefortheprocessesoflife.PlantsintheArctictundralieclosetothegroundinthethinlayerofstillairthatclingsthere.AfootortwoabovethegroundarethewindsofArcticcold.TundraplantsabsorbheatfromtheSunandtendtowarmup;theyprobablybalancemostoftheirheatbudgetsbyradiatingheattospace,butalsobywarmingthestillairthatistrappedamongthem.AslongasArcticplantsareclosetotheground,theycanbalancetheirheatbudgets.Butiftheyshouldstretchupasatreedoes,theywouldlifttheirworkingparts,theirleaves,intothestreamingArcticwinds.ThenitislikelythattheplantscouldnotabsorbenoughheatfromtheSuntoavoidbeingcooledbelowacriticaltemperature.YourheatbudgetdoesnotbalanceifyoustandtallintheArctic.

Suchthinkingalsohelpsexplainothercharacteristicsofplantdesign.AdesertplantfacestheoppositeproblemfromthatofanArcticplant—thedangerofoverheating.Itisshortofwaterandsocannotcoolitselfbyevaporationwithoutdehydrating.Thefamiliarsticklikeshapeofdesertplantsrepresentsoneofthesolutionstothisproblem:theshapeexposesthesmallestpossiblesurfacetoincomingsolarradiationandprovidesthelargestpossiblesurfacefromwhichtheplantcanradiateheat.Intropicalrainforests,bywayofcontrast,thescorchingsunisnotaproblemforplantsbecausethereissufficientwater.

Thisworkingmodelallowsustoconnectthegeneralcharacteristicsoftheformsofplantsindifferenthabitatswithfactorssuchastemperature,availabilityofwater,andpresenceorabsenceofseasonaldifferences.OurEarthiscoveredwithapatchworkquiltofmeteorologicalconditions,andthepatternsofthispatchworkarefaithfullyreflectedbytheplants.

1.Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsofplantsdoesthepassageprimarilyfocuson?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingismostresponsibleforpreventingtreesfromgrowingtallintheArctic?

3.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe"sticklikeshapeofdesertplants"inLine3(Paragraph4)canbeattributedtothe（）

4.Allofthefollowingarementionedinthepassageascontributionstotheplants,balancingtheirheatEXCEPT.

5.WhichistheTRUEstatementaboutthedifferentplants?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theirabilitytogrowequallywellinallenvironments.

B.TheireffectsontheEarth'satmosphere.

C.Theirabilitytostorewaterfordryperiods.

D.Theirabilitytobalanceheatintakeandoutput.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thehard,frozenground.

B.Thesmallamountofavailablesunshine.

C.Thecold,destructivewinds.

D.Thelargeamountofsnowthatfallseachyear.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.inabilityoftheplantstoradiateheattotheairaroundthem

B.presenceofirregularseasonaldifferencesinthedesert

C.largesurfaceareathattheplantsmustexposetotheSun

D.extremeheatandaridityofthehabitat

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.radiatingheattotheatmosphere

B.warmingtheairaroundthem

C.absorbingheatfromthesun

D.evaporatingwater

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Arcticplantsexposethesmallestpossiblesurfacetoincomingsolarradiation.

B.Tropicalplantsareusuallynotaffectedbythestrongsunshine.

C.Desertplantsgrowdenselyclosetotheground.

D.Plantsindifferentregionsshownorelationstotheseasons.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨思想題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句"plantsasmechanismsthatmustbalancetheirheatbudgets."植物作為生物體要保持熱量的平衡，之后的段落主要說明植物是如何保持熱量平衡的。所以本文主要圍繞植物吸收與散發(fā)熱量的平衡來展開說明。選項(xiàng)D正確。

第2題:根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，只要北極植物靠近地面，就能平衡熱量收支，如果北極植物過高，則會受到北極風(fēng)的影響，從而無法從太陽吸收足夠的熱量。所以，北極植物長得矮主要是受北極的風(fēng)影響，選項(xiàng)C正確。

第3題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句"Itisshortofwaterandsocannotcoolitselfbyevaporationwithoutdehydrating"它缺少水，所以不脫水就不能通過蒸發(fā)來冷卻自己。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句"Plantsgetridoftheirheatbywarmingtheairaroundthem,byevaporatingwater,andbyradiatingheattotheatmosphere"。只有選項(xiàng)C沒有提及。

第5題:信息判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)A指的是沙漠植物而不是北極植物；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句"Intropicalrainforests,...thescorchingsunisnotaproblemforplants..."可知選項(xiàng)B正確；選項(xiàng)C描述的是北極植物；根據(jù)最后一段的第一句可知，不同地區(qū)的植物與季節(jié)相關(guān)，所以選項(xiàng)D也錯誤。

4.單選題

Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacriticalperiodoflifecanbestarvedanddamaged?JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthethirteenthcentury,itmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent.

Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlackoflanguagehere.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflifeespecially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.

TodaynosuchseverelackexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandthelanguagemightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.Abirdlearnstosingandtoflyrapidlyattherighttime,buttheprocessisslowandhardoncethecriticalstagehaspassed.

Expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeahighIQ.Attwelveweeksababysmilesandmakesvowel-likesounds,attwelvemonthshecanspeaksimplewordsandunderstandsimplecommands,ateighteenmonthshehasavocabularyofthreetofiftywords.Atthreeheknowsabout1000wordswhichhecanputintosentences,andatfourheknowshislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinstyleratherthangrammar.

Recentevidencesuggeststhataninfantisbornwiththecapacityofspeaking.Whatisspecialaboutman'sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,isthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern"toy-bear".Andevenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain'sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixtureofsoundaroundhim,toanalyze,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways.

Butspeechhastobeinduced,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechild,wherethemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild'sbabbling,graspingandsmiling,andrespondstothem.Insensitivityofthemothertothesesignalsdulltheinteractionbecausethechildgetsdiscouragedandsendsoutonlytheobvioussignals.Sensitivitytothechild'snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.

1.WhatisthepurposeofthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthethirteenthcentury?

2.Todaysomechildrenarebackwardinspeakingbecause（）.

3.Ifachildstartstospeaklaterthanothernormalchildren,hewill（）inthefuture.

4.Comparedwiththebrainofthemonkey,human'sbrainisacomplexsystemwhichenablesachild（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toprovethatababycouldn'tlivewithouthismother.

B.Todiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakwithouthearinganyhumanspeech.

C.Tofindoutwhatrolecarefulnursingwouldplayinteachingachildtospeak.

D.Toprovethatachildwouldbedamagedwithoutlearningalanguage.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyareincapableoflearninglanguagerapidly.

B.theyarefacedwithsomuchlanguageatonce.

C.theirmothersrespondinadequatelytotheirattemptstospeak.

D.theirbrainisnotprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.haveahighIQ

B.beinsensitivetoverbalsignals

C.belessintelligent

D.notnecessarilybebackward

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.tobebornwiththecapacityofsinging.

B.tosecthingsmoreclearlythananimals

C.toconnectthesightandthefeelwiththesoundword

D.torunfasterthananimals

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thefacultyofspeechisinborninman.

B.Motherplaysanimportantroleinchild'slearninglanguage.

C.Insensitivityofthemothertotheinfants'signalswillcausethemtolearnnothingaboutlanguage.,

D.Thechild'sbrainishighlyselective

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue...”為了弄清一個(gè)孩子如果聽不見母語會說什么語言。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第三段的第三句“Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,...”最常見的原因是母親對嬰兒的信號不敏感...。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第四段的第一句“buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeahighIQ.”在某些情況下，語言開始較晚的孩子最終被證明是高智商的。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第五段的第二句“whichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern"toy-bear".”它能讓孩子把玩具熊的視覺和感覺與“玩具熊”的聲音模式聯(lián)系起來。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Sensitivitytothechild'snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.”母親對兒童非語言信號的敏感對兒童的成長及其語言的發(fā)展起著至關(guān)重要的作用。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.單選題

21-25

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThecauseofCOPD.

B.Harmfuleffectsofsmoking.

C.D.B.Harmfuleffectsofsmoking.C.

D.B.Harmfuleffectsofsmoking.C.Menmoresusceptibletoharmfuleffectsofsmoking.D.Womenmoresusceptibletoharmfuleffectsofsmoking.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.954

B.955

C.1909

D.1955

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.OnMay18inSanDiego.

B.OnMay25inSanDiego.

C.OnMay18inSanFrancisco.

D.OnMay25inSanFrancisco.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Whensmokingexposureishigh.

B.Whensmokingexposureislow.

C.Whenthesubjectsreceivedmedication.

D.Whenthesubjectsstoppedsmoking.25.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Hormonedifferencesinmenandwomen.

B.Geneticdifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.

C.Women’sactivemetabolicrate.

D.Women’ssmallerairways.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】(21)Womanmaybemoresusceptibletothelung-damagingeffecttosmokingthanmen,accordingtonewresearchbyInga-CecilieSoerheim,M.D.,andhercolleaguesfromChimingLaboratory,BrighamandWomenHospitalandUniversityofBergenNorway.(22)TheyanalyzedthedatafromtheNorwegiancasecontrolstudy,including954subjectswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD慢性阻塞性肺疾病)and955controls,allthecurrentorex-smokers.AndCOPDsubjecthadmoderateorsevereCOPD.Overallanalysisindicatedthewomenmaybemorevulnerabletotheeffecttosmoking,whichissomethingpreviouslysuspectedbutnotproven,saidDr.Soerheim.(23)ThestudyresultswouldbepresentedonMay18,atthe105thinternationalconferenceofAmericansocietyinSanDiego.Examiningthetotalstudysample,therewerenogenderdifferenceswithrespecttolungfunction(FEVI)andCOPDseverity,butthewomenwereonaverageyoungerandhadsmokedsignificantlylessthanmen.

Toexplorethesedifferencesfurther;theyalsoanalyzedtwosubgroupsofthestudysample:COPDsubjectsundertheageof60(earlyonsetgroup)andCOPDsubjectswithlessthan20packyearofsmoking(lowexposuregroup).Inbothsubgroups,womenhadmoreseverediseaseandgreaterimpairmentoflungfunctionthanmen.

“Thismeansthatfemalesmokersinourstudyexperiencedreducedlungfunctionatalowerlevelofsmokingexposureandatanearlieragethanmen,"saidDr.Soerheim.

Ithaslongbeensuspectedthattheeffectofsmokingonlungfunctionmaybemodifiedbygender.InteractionanalysisconfirmedthatbeingfemalerepresentsahigherriskofreducedlungfunctionandsevereCOPD,(24)butthisgendereffectofwasmostpronouncedwhenthelevelofsmokingexposurewaslow.ThegenderdifferenceinCOPDsusceptibilityseemstobemostimportantwhensmokingexposureislow.Womenmaytoleratesmallamountsoftobaccoworsethanmen,”Dr.Soerheimexplained.

AccordingtoDr.Soerheim,thereasonwhywomenmaybemoresusceptibletotheeffectsofcigarettesmokeisstillunknown,butthereareseveralpossibleexplanations:(25)“Womenhavesmallairways,thereforeeachcigarettesmaybemoreharm.Alsotherearegenderdifferencesinthemetabolismofcigarettesmoke,genesandhormonescouldalsobeimportant.”

21.What’sthemostlikelythetopicofthistalk?

【解析】從短文錄音的第一句便可知道答案：Womanmaybemoresusceptibletothelungdamagingeffecttosmokingthanmen。因此本題答案為D。

22.HowmanysubjectsdidDr.Soerheimrecruitedinthestudy?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音中..including954subjectswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD)and955controls可知，總共招錄的實(shí)驗(yàn)對象（subjects)）為954+955=1909，故本題答案為C。

23.WhenandwherewasDr.Soerheimpresenttheirstudyresults?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音中的..May18,atthe115internationalconferenceofAmericandirectivesocietyinSantiago，可知本題的答案為A。

24.Accordingtothetalk,whenisthegenderdifferencemostlikelytobeobviouslyinCOPDsensibility?

【解析】從錄音中“Butthisgenderresetwasmostpronouncedwomen’slevelofsmokingexposurewaslow”可知，當(dāng)smokingexposure較低時(shí)，性別差異最明顯。

25.Whichofthefollowingisnottheexplanationforwomen’sgreatsusceptibilitytotheeffectofsmoking?

【解析】從錄音最后“Womenhavesmallairways,thereforeeatcigarettesmaydomoreharm.Alsotherearegenderdifferencesinthemetabolismofcigarettesmoke,genesandhormonescouldalsobeimportant.”可知，男女的新陳代謝和荷爾蒙差異、女性狹窄的氣道都是讓女性更容易受到吸煙后果影響的因素，但其中并未說女性比男性的新陳代謝更活躍，因此C正確。

6.填空題

WhileIwasastudent,I（1）manystoriesaboutthevalueofEnglishforone’scareer,butIthoughttheywereirrelevant（2）thelifethatIhadplannedformyself.Inthat（3）Iwassimilartomanyoftoday'sstudents.Aftergraduating,I（4）howaccuratethosestorieswere.I（5）manyopportunitiesbecausemyEnglishwassopoor,（6）Ifinallydecidedto"correct*'myearliermistake.OnedayI（7）atutorandbegantostudy

Englishseriously-asatoolofrealcommunication,notameretestsubject―forthefirst（8）inmylife.Thisturned（9）tobeoneofthebestdecisionsthatI’ve

（10）made.AfterI（11）myattitudetowardthelanguage,Ireallystartedtoenjoyusingit,andasa（12）Imaderapid（13）init.Sincethenmycareerhasbenefitedgreatly（14）mynewabilitytouseEnglishactively.

【答案】1.heard

2.to

3.respect

4.realized

5.lost

6.so

7.got

8.time

9.out

10.ever

11.changed

12.result

13.progress

14.from

【解析】1.固定搭配。Hearstoryabout聽關(guān)于…的故事。而且這里應(yīng)該用過去式。

2.固定搭配。beirrelevanttosth.與某事無關(guān)。

3.語義題。句意:在這方面，我和今天的許多學(xué)生很相似。

4.語義題。句意:我意識到這些故事是多么準(zhǔn)確。

5.固定搭配。Loseopportunities失去機(jī)會。這里應(yīng)該用過去式。

6.邏輯分析?？崭袂昂缶渥訛橐蚬P(guān)系:英語不好，我失去了很多機(jī)會。因此,我決定糾正之前的錯誤。

7.固定搭配。getatutor請家教。這里應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。

8.固定搭配。Forthefirsttime第一次。

9.固定搭配。turnouttobe結(jié)果是,證明是。

10.語義題。句意:我曾經(jīng)做的最好決定之一。

11.語義題。句意:在我改變對英語的態(tài)度后。

12.固定搭配。asaresult結(jié)果。

13.固定搭配。Makeprogressin在…方面取得巨大進(jìn)步。

14.固定搭配。benefitfromsth.受益于…。

7.單選題

MyfavoriteradiosongistheoneIfirstheardonathick1923EdisondiscI________atagaragesale.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.trifledwith

B.scrapedthrough

C.stumbledupon

D.thirstedfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)“玩弄，心不在焉地做”；B選項(xiàng)“勉強(qiáng)通過”；C選項(xiàng)“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D選項(xiàng)“渴望”。句意：我最喜歡的廣播歌曲是愛迪生1923年的厚唱片里的一首，我第一次（）在車庫拍賣時(shí)上聽到的。從關(guān)鍵詞first和garagesale可以推測，聽到這首歌肯定不是自己渴望聽到的，是偶然聽到這首歌，覺得很好聽所以才會把第一次聽到這首歌的情形記得這么清楚。

8.翻譯題

Withalittlemoredeliberationinthechoiceoftheirpursuits,allmenwouldperhapsbecomeessentiallystudentsandobservers,forcertainlytheirnatureanddestinyareinterestingtoallalike.Inaccumulatingpropertyforourselvesorourposterity,infoundingafamilyorastate,oracquiringfameeven,wearemortal;butindealingwithtruthweareimmortal,andneedfearnochangenoraccident.TheoldestEgyptianorHinduphilosopherraisedacorneroftheveilfromthestatueofthedivinity;andstillthetremblingroberemainsraised,andIgazeuponasfreshagloryashedid,sinceitwasIinhimthatwasthensobold,anditisheinmethatnowreviewsthevision.Nodusthassettledonthatrobe;notimehaselapsedsincethatdivinitywasrevealed.Thattimewhichwereallyimprove,orwhichisimprovable,isneitherpast,present,norfuture.

【答案】當(dāng)我們對人的追求多點(diǎn)慎重多點(diǎn)考慮，大約就會低頭俯首當(dāng)起學(xué)生和觀察員來，因?yàn)槿说谋拘院兔\(yùn)，想必對所有人而言都是很有意思的。為自己或后代積累財(cái)產(chǎn)，成家或立國，甚或是樹立個(gè)人名望，在這些方面我們都是凡人，終有一死；然而在與真理打交道時(shí)，我們都超凡不朽，無須害怕變故。最古老的埃及或印度哲學(xué)家，掀起了神像的一角掩面輕紗；那顫動的紗巾迄今依然是掀起的，此刻我所看到的非凡之美，一如哲學(xué)家所看到的那般鮮活，因?yàn)楫?dāng)初他那么大膽時(shí)我就在他體內(nèi)，而如今我再讀仰望尊容時(shí)他就在我體內(nèi)。那袍子如今纖塵未染；自從神明顯露以來，也沒有時(shí)間流逝。那個(gè)我們真正拿來用的時(shí)刻，或者說那個(gè)可以為我們所用的時(shí)刻，既非過去，亦不是現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼?/p>

9.填空題

bully

democracy

destiny

loyal

renowned

Churchillbelievedthathewas（1）toleadhiscountry.HefoughtasasoldierinWorldWarIandledthecountrytovictoryinWorldWarII.Itseemsironicthataleaderofsuch（2）asChurchillcouldnotcountonthe（3）ofvotersin1945.However,ina（4）country,electorscannotbe（5）,andhehadtotoleratepoliticaldefeataftermilitaryvictory,andoncemoretohiscountryretreat,Chartwell.

【答案】1.destined

2.renown

3.loyalty

4.democratic

5.bullied

【解析】1.句意：丘吉爾相信他注定要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)他的國家。此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，因此填destined。

2.句意：像丘吉爾這樣聲名顯赫的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，因此填renown。

3.句意：像丘吉爾這樣聲名顯赫的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人卻不能指望選民的忠誠。此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，因此填loyalty。

4.句意：在一個(gè)民主國家。此處應(yīng)用形容詞形式，因此填democratic。

5.句意：選舉人是不能被欺負(fù)的。此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，因此填bullied。

10.單選題

Thereis（）whatwillhappentothem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notelling

B.nottelling

C.nottotell

D.nottobetold

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。thereisnotelling意為：難以預(yù)料，很難說。句意：很那說他發(fā)生了什么事。

11.單選題

Theanalysissuggeststhatthetradeoffbetweenourchildrencollegeandourownretirementsecurityischilling.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.frightening

B.promising

C.freezing

D.revealing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“令人恐懼的”；B選項(xiàng)“有希望的，有前途的”；C選項(xiàng)“冰點(diǎn)以下的，結(jié)冰的”；D選項(xiàng)“揭露真情的，有啟迪作用的”；題干中chilling“令人恐懼的”，句意：分析表明，在孩子上大學(xué)和我們自己的退休保障之間的權(quán)衡令人不寒而栗。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.

Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarchaeologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavator'sgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.

Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatconiesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.

Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard.Evenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasmelekhhandleshavebeenfoundinabundancemorethan4.000examplessofar.

Thebasementsofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchasescouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.Apurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposes.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistopropose（）.

2.TheauthorimpliesthatallthefollowingstatementsaboutduplicateartifactsaretrueEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?

4.Theword"abundance"(Line4,Paragraph4)hastheclosestmeaningto（）.

5.Whichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposaldosetheauthoranticipate?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ana