考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京財(cái)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京財(cái)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Somecityplannersbelievethateachcityis（）:inotherwords,becauseofculturaldifferences,onecitycan'tsimplycopyothers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.separated

B.cutoff

C.unique

D.integrated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。separated“分開的”；cutoff“切斷，中斷”；unique“獨(dú)特的，獨(dú)一無(wú)二的”；integrated“綜合的，完整的”。根據(jù)冒號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容：由于文化差異，一個(gè)城市不能簡(jiǎn)單地復(fù)制其他城市。由此可知，一些城市規(guī)劃者認(rèn)為每個(gè)城市都是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.單選題

Makingprivatephonecallsontheofficephoneisseverely（）oninourcountry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.criticized

B.regarded

C.objected

D.frowned

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我國(guó)，用辦公室電話打私人電話會(huì)受到嚴(yán)厲的批評(píng)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。frowned皺眉，不滿。

3.單選題

Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthepeople______harmthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.morethan

B.otherthan

C.ratherthan

D.muchthan

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)morethan“多于”，B項(xiàng)otherthan“除了，不同于”，C項(xiàng)ratherthan“而不是”，D項(xiàng)muchthan“比……多”。根據(jù)空格前后的benefitthepeople（造福于人）和harmthem（傷害他們）可知，前后是對(duì)比關(guān)系，填入ratherthan符合。句意：發(fā)展核科學(xué)應(yīng)該造福人民，而不是危害人民。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Thesegoodsaresoldatreducedprices,（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedefectsarepointedouttothecustomers

B.thedefectspointedouttothecustomers

C.thedefectshavebeenpointedouttothecustomers

D.thedefectsbeingpointedouttothecustomers

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。選項(xiàng)A，B，C結(jié)構(gòu)完整，如果放于句中缺少連詞，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.單選題

VisatoMelina.R.D.gotthesurpriseofhercareerlastyear,whentheSeattle-basedvegetariannutritionistwasaskedtogiveaseminaronvegetarianismataseniorcitizencenter.“Ithoughtthere'dbefourorfivepeople,”shesays.Instead,theroomwaspackedwithseniorswhohadpaida$5feetohearheradvice.Andtheirinterestinbetterhealthwasn’tonlykeen;itwasinformed."They'veobviouslybeenpayingattentiontonewresearch,”shesays.

IfMelinastudieddemographictrendsforaliving,sheprobablywouldn’thavebeensosurprised.Trendwatchershaveverifiedanintriguingnewphenomenon.Olderpeopleareturningtoavegetariandietinever-increasingnumbers.Notsurprisingly,demographicsaredrivingthedrift.Bytheyear2005,peoplebombetween1949and1963theBabyBoomGeneration,willmakeup38percentoftheAmericanpopulation.Furthermore,statisticssuggestthiseducated,health-conscious,rebelliousandrelativelyaffluentcontingentfitsthetraditionalvegetarianprofile.Addtothefactthatolderpeopleseeknatural,pleasantwaystocombatproblemsassociatedwithaging-weightgain,highercholesterolandbloodpressure,increasedcancerriskandimpaireddigestion-andyouhaverealmotivationtogomeatless,saysSuzanneHavala,R.D.,authoroftheAmericanDieteticAssociation'spositionpaperonvegetarianism.

Quantifyingthisnewtrendisn'teasy,buta1994studybyHealthFocusInc.,anindependentresearchorganizationbasedinDesMoines,Iowa,foundthatshoppersoverage50arecuttingdownontheirconsumptionofredmeatoreliminatingitfromtheirdietsentirely.Morecompellingevidencefortheseniorsurgetowardvegetarianismcomesfromvegetariangroupsnationwide,whichreportaswellintheranksofoldervegetarians.Forexample,oneoutoffivemembersofthenewSyracuse(N.Y.)AreaVegetarianEducationSocietyisover50;unusuallyhighforafledglingorganization.Andtwo-thirdsofthe850-memberVegetarianSocietyofHonoluluarealsomembersoftheAmericanAssociationofRetiredPersons,societyexecutivessay.

Aninformalpollofolderpeoplesuggestsbetterhealthisoftenthemainincentiveandobjectiveforturningveg.ThreeyearsagoNancyRoberts,a53-year-oldmagazineeditorfoundherselfdoingwhatmanypeopledoovertheholidays:overindulginginrichtreats.However,thistimeitmadeherin.“Thecrashfeltliketheflu,”shesays.Bychance,Robertswasaskedtoeditsomevegetarianrecipesduringthatsameperiod.Shemadeafewathome,andher"flu”disappeared.

Moredramatically,RuthHeidrichbelievesvegetarianismsavedherlife.The61-year-oldmarathonerandtriathletewasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer14yearsago,atage47.Whenaninitialbiopsyindicatedfarmorecancerthanherdoctorshadthought,shewasreadytotakedesperatemeasures.Onthedayofthediagnosis,shespottedanewspaperadlookingforvolunteerstoenrollinastudyofbreastcanceranddiet,conductedbyJohnMcDougall,M.D.,aleadingadvocateoftheuseofdiettofightdisease.AftermeetingMcDougallandreviewingwhatshesayswasaneight-inchthickfileofstatisticslinkingahigh-fatdietwithbreastcancer,HeidrichconvertedfromatraditionalAmericandiettoanextremelylow-fatregimenwithnoanimalproducts.”1didn'tevenhaveskimmilkonmycereal,”shesays.Afteramastectomyandreconstructivesurgery,sheiscancer-free.Sheneverhadtoundergoradiationtreatmentorchemotherapyandbelievesherstrictvegetariandiethelpedspeedherrecoveryfromsurgery.

1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"...demographicsaredrivingthedrift"?

2.WhydidNancyRobertsfallill?

3.HowdidNancyRobertsrecoverfromherillness?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThehugeBabyBoomGenerationhasdecidedtobecomevegetarians.

B.Seniorcitizensbelievethatgoingmeatlessisanaturalandpleasantwaytocombatproblemsofaging.

C.Thegrowingtrendtowardvegetariansisduetoanincreaseinthenumberofelderpeople.

D.Moreandmorepeopleofallagesaregoingonavegetariandiettostayhealthy.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becausesheatetoomuchrichfood.

B.Becausesheoverexertedherselfduringtheholidays.

C.Becauseshewasonahigh-fatdiet.

D.Becauseshecaughttheflu.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Bygoingonanextremelylow-fatregimen.

B.Byeatingsomevegetariandishesathome.

C.Bynotevenhavingskimmilkwithhercereal.

D.Byfollowingastrictvegetariandiet.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問(wèn)‘作者說(shuō)“人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)正在推動(dòng)這一趨勢(shì)”是什么意思？’根據(jù)第二段中第四句“Bytheyear2005,peoplebornbetween1949and1963theBabyBoomGeneration,willmakeup38percentoftheAmericanpopulation.至2005年，出生在1949到1963歲之間的人--嬰兒潮一代--將占美國(guó)人口的38%。和第五句Furthermore,statisticssuggestthiseducated,health-conscious,rebelliousandrelativelyaffluentcontingentfitsthetraditionalvegetarianprofile.此外，統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，這一受過(guò)教育、有健康意識(shí)、叛逆和相對(duì)富裕的隊(duì)伍符合傳統(tǒng)的素食主義?！贝_定題目中此話的意思是指C選項(xiàng)“素食主義者的增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)是由于老年人人數(shù)的增加”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問(wèn)“為什么南希?羅伯茨會(huì)生?。俊备鶕?jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“ThreeyearsagoNancyRoberts,a53-year-oldmagazineeditor,foundherselfdoingwhatmanypeopledoovertheholidays:overindulginginrichtreats.3年前，53歲的資深雜志編輯南希?羅伯茨，發(fā)現(xiàn)她做了很多人在假期會(huì)做的事：過(guò)度沉迷于吃豐富的食物?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗粤颂嘭S富的食物”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問(wèn)‘南希?羅伯茨是如何從病中康復(fù)的？根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Bychance,Robertswasaskedtoeditsomevegetarianrecipesduringthatsameperiod.Shemadeafewathome,andherfludisappeared.碰巧，羅伯茨在同一命期被要求編輯一些素食食譜。她在家做了一些素食，她的“流感”消失了?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)“在家吃些素食”正確。

6.單選題

Thesoldierwas（

）ofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scolded

B.charged

C.accused

D.punished

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。scold和punish一般與介詞for搭配；charge一般指具有法律效應(yīng)的控告；accuse一般指指控，指責(zé)。beaccusedof為固定搭配，意為“被指控”。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandonedandallowedtorust.Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.Theyholdthatthecarwillremainaleadingmeansofurbantravelintheforeseeablefuture.

Themotorcarwillundoubtedlychangesignificantlyoverthenext30years.Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,andmoreeconomical,andshouldnotbepoweredbythegasolineengine.Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.

Regardlessofitspowersource,theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficcongestion（擁擠）.Oneproposedsolutiontothisproblemistheautomatedhighwaysystem.

Whentheautoentersthehighwaysystem,aretractable（可伸縮的）armwilldropfromtheautoandmakecontactwitharail,whichissimilartothosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically.Onceattachedtotherail,thecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystem,andcontrolofthevehiclewillpasstoacentralcomputer.Thecomputerwillthenmonitorallofthecar’smovements.

Thedriverwilluseatelephonetodialinstructionsabouthisdestinationintothesystem.Thecomputerwillcalculatethebestroute,andreservespaceforthecarallthewaytothecorrectexitfromthehighway.Thedriverwillthenbefreetorelaxandwaitforthebuzzer（蜂鳴器）thatwillwarnhimofhiscomingexit.Itisestimatedthatanautomatedhighwaywillbeabletohandle10,000vehiclesperhour,comparedwiththe1,500to2,000vehiclesthatcanbecarriedbyapresentdayhighway.

1.Onesignificantimprovementinthefuturecarwillprobablybe（）.

2.Whatistheauthor’smainconcern?

3.Whatprovidesautoswithelectricpowerinanautomatedhighwaysystem?

4.Inanautomatedhighwaysystem,allthedriverneedstodoisto（）.

5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthefutureofautos?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.itspowersource

B.itsdrivingsystem

C.itsmonitoringsystem

D.itsseatingcapacity

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Howtorenderautomobilespollution-free.

B.Howtomakesmallerandsaferautomobiles

C.Howtosolvetheproblemoftrafficjams

D.Howtodevelopanautomatedsubwaysystem

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Arail

B.Anengine

C.Aretractablearm

D.Acomputercontroller

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.keepintherightlane

B.waittoarriveathisdestination

C.keepinconstanttouchwiththecomputercenter

D.informthesystemofhisdestinationbyphone

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Enthusiastic.

B.Pessimistic

C.Optimistic

D.Cautious

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出：Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,andmoreeconomical,andshouldnotbepoweredbythegasolineengine.Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes（它應(yīng)該變得更小、更安全和更經(jīng)濟(jì)且不再由汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)提供動(dòng)力，未來(lái)的汽車也應(yīng)該比現(xiàn)在更環(huán)保）。因此A項(xiàng)“它的動(dòng)力來(lái)源”正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出：Regardlessofitspowersource,theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficcongestion（不管它的動(dòng)力來(lái)源如何，在未來(lái)，汽車也將仍然是導(dǎo)致城市交通擁擠的主要因素）。之后的兩個(gè)段落就解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了論述。因此，作者主要關(guān)心如何解決交通堵塞的問(wèn)題，故選C項(xiàng)。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第四段指出:...makecontactwitharail,whichissimilartothosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically(與軌道接觸，它類似于為地鐵列車供電的東西)。因此，A項(xiàng)“鐵軌”正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第五段指出：Thedriverwilluseatelephonetodialinstructionsabouthisdestinationintothesystem（司機(jī)將使用電話將目的地指示撥入系統(tǒng)）。因此D項(xiàng)“用電話通知系統(tǒng)他的目的地”正確。

第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者在第一段指出了有關(guān)汽車未來(lái)的兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，一是汽車將會(huì)被人廢棄，二是汽車依然會(huì)是城市交通的主要方式。隨后提到其他權(quán)威人士認(rèn)為汽車在可預(yù)見的未來(lái)將仍然是一個(gè)主要的城市交通工具，后面對(duì)未來(lái)發(fā)展問(wèn)題的解決進(jìn)行探討。由此可見作者對(duì)于汽車的發(fā)展是持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度的。故選C項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Hearsayevidenceconsistsofstatementsmadeoutofcourtbysomeonewhoisnotpresenttotestifyunderoathatatrial.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mistrust

B.dispute

C.scrutiny

D.pledge

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。oath表示“誓言，誓約，詛咒”；A項(xiàng)mistrust“不信任，懷疑”，B項(xiàng)dispute“辯論，爭(zhēng)吵，意見不同”，C項(xiàng)scrutiny“詳細(xì)審查，監(jiān)視，細(xì)看”，D項(xiàng)pledge“保證，誓言，抵押”。句意：非直接證據(jù)指的是某人在法庭上宣誓作證時(shí)所作的證詞。因此，根據(jù)句意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Acommonmythabouteatingdisordersisthattheyinfluenceprimarilyeconomicallyadvantagedwhiteteenagegirls.However,in（21）,assummarizedintheNineTruths,“Eatingdisorders（22）peopleofallgenders,ages,races,ethnicities,bodyshapesandweights,sexualorientations,andsocioeconomicstatuses.”

Oneofthe（23）withthemythisthatitcanpreventthosewhodonotmatchthestereotypefrom（24）theyhaveaneatingdisorder.Italsodiscouragesprofessionals（25）noticingothercasesofeatingdisorders.Astudyin2006foundthatdoctorsornurseswerelesslikelyto（26）aneatingdisorderdiagnosistoaperson（27）his/hercasehistoryifhis/herracewas（28）asAfricanAmericanthanifitwasportrayedasCaucasianorHispanicWhites.

Indeed,manyeatingdisorder（29）fromdiversebackgroundshavenow（30）andsaidthattheirfailuretofitthestereotypecauseddelaysindiagnosisand（31）.Asweknow,earlyinterventionsignificantly（32）treatmentoutcome,sosuchdelaysmayleadtoserious（33）.

WhenIworkwithpeopleofdiversebackgrounds,they（34）tellmetheyarefrustratedthatmainstreameatingdisordernarrativesdonotportraypeoplewho（35）them.Notonlythepopularmedia,buteventhemarketingmaterialsofmanyeatingdisordertreatmentcenters（36）todescribeeatingdisordersufferersmostlyasthecommonstereotype:female,white,andthin.

Peopleof（37）backgroundsfindithelpfultoseethemselves（38）instoriesandimagesabouteatingdisorders.Theymaybemorelikelyto（39）theirownproblemandseekhelpwhentheyfeelincluded.（40）,Ithoughtitwouldbeusefultosharesomeofmyfavoriteeatingdisorderresourcesbybout,andforpeopleofdiversebackgrounds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reality

B.part

C.particular

D.turn

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.effect

B.affect

C.defect

D.perfect

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.projects

B.problems

C.proposals

D.programs

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.emphasizing

B.confirming

C.recognizing

D.persuading

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.for

C.into

D.from

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.assign

B.attribute

C.adjust

D.attach

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.tobebasedon

B.basingon

C.basedon

D.baseon

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.initiated

B.illustrated

C.appointed

D.portrayed

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.designers

B.researchers

C.operators

D.sufferers

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.comeout

B.comeon

C.comeacross

D.comeover

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.performance

B.treatment

C.maturity

D.protection

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.denies

B.challenges

C.improves

D.interrupts

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.consequences

B.resolutions

C.bargains

D.puzzle

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.crazily

B.consistently

C.confidentially

D.cruelly

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.assemble

B.innovate

C.resemble

D.trigger

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.continue

B.refuse

C.cease

D.pretend

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.historical

B.conventional

C.normal

D.diverse

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.excluded

B.reflected

C.conveyed

D.realized

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.underestimate

B.survey

C.overlook

D.recognize

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.However

B.Furthermore

C.Otherwise

D.Therefore

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:C

第16題:A

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:D

【解析】21.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)inreality“事實(shí)上”；B選項(xiàng)inpart“某種程度上，局部地”；C選項(xiàng)inparticular“特殊的”；D選項(xiàng)inturn“輪流，依次”。根據(jù)缺空處前一句Acommonmythabouteatingdisordersisthattheyinfluenceprimarilyeconomicallyadvantagedwhiteteenagegirls.（曾經(jīng)一個(gè)普遍的說(shuō)法是飲食失調(diào)主要影響那些有得天獨(dú)厚優(yōu)勢(shì)的白人青少年女性。），然后本句開頭使用了however，可見前后句子存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

22.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)effect“產(chǎn)生，達(dá)到目的”；B選項(xiàng)affect“影響，感染”；C選項(xiàng)defect“變節(jié)，叛變”；D選項(xiàng)perfect“使完美，使熟練”。根據(jù)第一句話句意和關(guān)系詞however可知，前后句子存在轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。此句意思是，事實(shí)上，飲食失調(diào)對(duì)所有人都有影響。因此，空格處填入的動(dòng)詞為影響，本題的正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

23.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)project“項(xiàng)目，工程”；B選項(xiàng)problem“問(wèn)題，難題”；C選項(xiàng)proposal“建議，求婚”；D選項(xiàng)program“程序，規(guī)劃”。本句句意：Oneofthe_____withthemythisthatitcanpreventthosewhodonotmatchthestereotypefrom_____theyhaveaneatingdisorder.（這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的看法的_____之一就是它使那些癥狀不典型的人沒(méi)有_____到自己得了飲食失調(diào)癥。）根據(jù)下文提到的這一錯(cuò)誤的看法使那些癥狀不典型的人沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己得了飲食失調(diào)癥，也使專家不再關(guān)注其他飲食失調(diào)案例，這都是這種錯(cuò)誤的看法所帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題，因此本題選B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

24.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)emphasize“強(qiáng)調(diào)”；B選項(xiàng)confirm“（尤指提供證據(jù)來(lái)）證實(shí)，證明”；C選項(xiàng)recognize“認(rèn)識(shí)，察覺”；D選項(xiàng)persuade“勸說(shuō)”。根據(jù)后一句“Italso...”這一錯(cuò)誤的看法也使專家不再關(guān)注其他飲食失調(diào)案例，可知本句在描述這種錯(cuò)誤的看法使得癥狀不典型的人沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己得了飲食失調(diào)癥，只有C選項(xiàng)符合句意；B選項(xiàng)尤其指有證據(jù)從而確認(rèn)，證實(shí)，不符合題意。綜上所述，本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

25.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。discourage意為“阻止”，牛津詞典上對(duì)于該詞的用法是discouragesth/discouragesbfromdoingsth，例如：Hisparentstriedtodiscouragehimfrombeinganactor.（他的父母試圖阻止他去當(dāng)演員。），因此本題選D選項(xiàng)“from”符合用法。句意：它也使專家不再關(guān)注其他飲食失調(diào)案例。綜上所述，本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

26.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查介詞搭配和動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)assign...to...“分派，指派，賦值”；B選項(xiàng)attribute...to...“歸因于”；C選項(xiàng)adjust...to...“調(diào)整以適應(yīng)”；D選項(xiàng)attach...to...“依附于，使依戀”。定位到本句Astudyin2006foundthatdoctorsornurseswerelesslikelyto______aneatingdisorderdiagnosistoaperson________his/hercasehistory...（2006年的一份研究表明醫(yī)生或護(hù)士不太可能基于一個(gè)人的病理就_______這個(gè)人飲食失調(diào)的診斷。），此處只有A選項(xiàng)帶入空格處可以使句意通順，故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

27.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。第26空填入的動(dòng)詞為句子的謂語(yǔ)，因此本句不缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，第27題空格處應(yīng)填入非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。這個(gè)時(shí)候要考慮選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞base和主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系應(yīng)該是主動(dòng)，因此本題的正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

28.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)initiate“開始，發(fā)起”；B選項(xiàng)illustrate“（用示例，圖畫等）闡明，舉例說(shuō)明”；C選項(xiàng)appoint“任命，指定”；D選項(xiàng)portray“（抓住顯著特點(diǎn)）描繪，扮演”。定位到本句Astudyin2006foundthatdoctorsornurseswerelesslikelytoassignaneatingdisorderdiagnosistoapersonbasingonhis/hercasehistoryifhis/herracewas_____asAfricanAmericanthanifitwasportrayedasCaucasianorHispanicWhites.（如果他的種族被_____為非裔美國(guó)人，會(huì)比被描述為白種人或者西班牙裔白人更加不可能被醫(yī)生或者護(hù)士基于一個(gè)人的病理就給予這個(gè)人飲食失調(diào)的診斷。），根據(jù)后面的“portray”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)意思可知，本題選擇D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

29.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)designer“設(shè)計(jì)者，設(shè)計(jì)師”；B選項(xiàng)researcher“研究人員”；C選項(xiàng)operator“經(jīng)營(yíng)者，操作者”；D選項(xiàng)sufferer“患者”?？崭袂暗拿~為eatingdisorder（飲食失調(diào)），定位到本句Indeed,manyeatingdisorder_____fromdiversebackgroundshavenow_______andsaidthattheirfailuretofitthestereotypecauseddelaysindiagnosisand_______.（事實(shí)上，許多來(lái)自不同背景的飲食失調(diào)癥_____現(xiàn)在都有這種癥狀，他們________，由于無(wú)法符合這種刻板印象，導(dǎo)致了診斷和_____的延誤。），只有患者才會(huì)有一定的癥狀并且需要治療，因此，本題的正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

30.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)comeout“出現(xiàn)，表明態(tài)度，公開表態(tài)”；B選項(xiàng)comeon“開始，快點(diǎn)，加油，突然產(chǎn)生”；C選項(xiàng)comeacross“偶遇，無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)，給人以……印象”；D選項(xiàng)comeover“過(guò)來(lái)，順便來(lái)訪，抓住”。定位到本句Indeed,manyeatingdisordersufferersfromdiversebackgroundshavenow_______andsaidthattheirfailuretofitthestereotypecauseddelaysindiagnosisand_______.（事實(shí)上，許多來(lái)自不同背景的飲食失調(diào)癥的患者現(xiàn)在都有這種癥狀，他們________，由于無(wú)法符合這種刻板印象，導(dǎo)致了診斷和________的延誤。）第30空填入的詞組應(yīng)該為患者表明態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)，只有A選項(xiàng)符合題意，其他選項(xiàng)意思帶入句子均不通順。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

31.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)performance“表演，表現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)treatment“治療”；C選項(xiàng)maturity“成熟，完備”；D選項(xiàng)protection“保護(hù)”。此處填入的名詞應(yīng)該和diagnosis“診斷”并列，因此此處填入B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

32.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)denies“否認(rèn)，拒絕”；B選項(xiàng)challenges“挑戰(zhàn)”；C選項(xiàng)improves“促進(jìn)”；D選項(xiàng)interrupts“中斷”。定位到本句Asweknow,earlyinterventionsignificantly________treatmentoutcome.（眾所周知，早期的干預(yù)能顯著……治療效果。），由常識(shí)和文章上下文可判斷，早期干預(yù)對(duì)于疾病的治療是有益的，此處填寫正向單詞，故C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

33.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)consequence“后果，影響”；B選項(xiàng)resolution“決議，解決辦法，決心”；C選項(xiàng)bargain“交易”；D選項(xiàng)puzzle“難題，困惑”。定位到本句Asweknow,earlyinterventionsignificantlyimprovestreatmentoutcome,sosuchdelaysmayleadtoserious________.（眾所周知，早期的干預(yù)能顯著提升治療效果，所以這樣的延遲也許會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的______。）由上文可知“這樣的延遲”指的是“診斷和治療的延遲”，這種延遲會(huì)產(chǎn)生一定的后果，故本題A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

34.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)crazily“瘋狂地，發(fā)狂地”；B選項(xiàng)consistently“一貫地，一致，堅(jiān)定地”；C選項(xiàng)confidentially“秘密地”；D選項(xiàng)cruelly“殘酷地”。定位到本句WhenIworkwithpeopleofdiversebackgrounds,they_____tellmetheyarefrustratedthatmainstreameatingdisordernarrativesdonotportraypeoplewho_________them.（當(dāng)我和有不同背景的人共事時(shí)，他們______告訴我他們覺得沮喪是由于……），此處填入的副詞修飾動(dòng)詞“tell”，句意為他們對(duì)于這種主流說(shuō)法都感到沮喪，有“一致”的看法，此處只有B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

35.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)assemble“集合，聚集”；B選項(xiàng)innovate“改革，創(chuàng)新”；C選項(xiàng)resemble“類似，像”；D選項(xiàng)trigger“引發(fā)，觸發(fā)”。定位到本句theyarefrustratedthatmainstreameatingdisordernarrativesdonotportraypeoplewho______them（……他們感到沮喪是由于關(guān)于飲食失調(diào)的主流說(shuō)法將他們描述得不_________他們。），有上文可知主流說(shuō)法是一種刻板印象，即患有飲食失調(diào)的患者多為白人青少年女性，而這種描述是和他們本身不符合的，因此C選項(xiàng)為最佳答案。句意：他們感到沮喪是由于關(guān)于飲食失調(diào)的主流說(shuō)法將他們描繪得不像他們了。綜上所述，本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

36.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)continue“繼續(xù)”；B選項(xiàng)refuse“拒絕”；C選項(xiàng)cease“停止”；D選項(xiàng)pretend“假裝”。定位到本句Notonlythepopularmedia,buteventhemarketingmaterialsofmanyeatingdisordertreatmentcenters______todescribeeatingdisordersufferersmostlyasthecommonstereotype:female,white,andthin.（不僅是大眾媒體，甚至那些很多飲食失調(diào)治療中心的市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷都________將飲食失調(diào)患者描述為刻板印象：女士，白人，瘦。），根據(jù)上文意思，可知此處A項(xiàng)符合句意。

37.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)historical“歷史的，基于史學(xué)的”；B選項(xiàng)conventional“傳統(tǒng)的，常見的”；C選項(xiàng)normal“正常的，常規(guī)的”；D選項(xiàng)diverse“不同的，多種多樣的”。文章前三段數(shù)次提及diversebackground，由此可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

38.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exclude“排除”；B選項(xiàng)reflect“反射，體現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)convey“傳達(dá)”；D選項(xiàng)realize“實(shí)現(xiàn)”。定位到本句Peopleofdiversebackgroundsfindithelpfultoseethemselves_____instoriesandimagesabouteatingdisorders（有不同背景的人們認(rèn)為當(dāng)看到自己在關(guān)于飲食失調(diào)的故事或者影像當(dāng)中的_____出來(lái)是有幫助的。）此處只有B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

39.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)underestimate“低估，看輕”；B選項(xiàng)survey“調(diào)查，測(cè)量”；C選項(xiàng)overlook“俯視，遠(yuǎn)眺”；D選項(xiàng)recognize“認(rèn)識(shí)，承認(rèn)”。定位到本句Theymaybemorelikelyto______theirownproblemandseekhelpwhentheyfeelincluded.（當(dāng)他們感覺被包含在內(nèi)時(shí)，他們也許更可能……他們自己的問(wèn)題并且尋求幫助。），根據(jù)上文可知，如果主流說(shuō)法不是說(shuō)患有飲食失調(diào)的患者多為女性，白人，瘦弱的話，他們會(huì)更可能發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的癥狀符合飲食失調(diào)這一疾病，并且尋求幫助，因此本題D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)識(shí)自己的問(wèn)題”，符合題意。

40.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查副詞，連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)However“然而；不論如何”；B選項(xiàng)Furthermore“此外，而且”；C選項(xiàng)Otherwise“否則”；D選項(xiàng)Therefore“因此，所以”。定位到本句_____,Ithoughtitwouldbeusefultosharesomeofmyfavoriteeatingdisorderresourcesbybout,andforpeopleofdiversebackgrounds.（我認(rèn)為對(duì)于不同背景的人來(lái)說(shuō)，分享一些我最愛的關(guān)于飲食失調(diào)的資源是有好處的。）根據(jù)第39題句意推測(cè)，空格處表承接關(guān)系，除了要擺脫刻板印象，分享資源也是有好處的，因此本題選B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.翻譯題

Leadersknowthatthentherearetwoopinionsonanissue,oneisnotboundtobewrong.Theyrecognizethathustleandrusharethealliesofsuperficiality.Theyareopentonewideas,buttheyexploretheirramificationsthoroughly.

Successfulleadersareemotionallyandintellectuallyorientedtothefuture—notweddedtothepast.Theyhaveahungertotakeresponsibility,toinnovate,andtoinitiate.Theyarenotcontentwithmerelytakingcareofwhat’salreadythere.Theywanttomoveforwardtocreatesomethingnew.

Leadersprovideanswersaswellasdirection,offerstrengthaswellasdedication,andspeakfromexperienceaswellasunderstandingoftheproblemstheyfaceandthepeopletheyworkwith.

【答案】領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者知道，在一個(gè)問(wèn)題上有兩種觀點(diǎn)，其中一種不一定是錯(cuò)的。他們認(rèn)識(shí)到，忙亂和匆忙是膚淺的盟友。他們樂(lè)于接受新思想，但也會(huì)徹底探討其后果。

成功的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在情感和智力上都是面向未來(lái)的，而不是拘泥于過(guò)去。他們渴望承擔(dān)責(zé)任，渴望創(chuàng)新，渴望開拓進(jìn)取。他們不滿足于只關(guān)心已經(jīng)存在的東西。他們希望向前邁進(jìn)，創(chuàng)造新的東西。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者既能提供答案，也能指明方向，既能提供力量，也能付出奉獻(xiàn)精神，既能根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)說(shuō)話，也能理解他們所面臨的問(wèn)題和與他們一起工作的人。

11.單選題

Thefamouspicture________inItalyisnowexhibitedinamuseuminParis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatshoot

B.itwasshot

C.asisshot

D.whichwasshot

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這張著名的照片（）于意大利，現(xiàn)展覽在巴黎的一家博物館。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有shoot即“拍攝”的意思。因?yàn)檎掌荒鼙慌臄z，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，A選項(xiàng)排除。一個(gè)句子，沒(méi)有從句連接詞或者連詞的話只能出現(xiàn)一套主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，所以B不選；as可以引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)，但是表因?yàn)椋蛘哳惐?，C選項(xiàng)邏輯不通，所以答案選D。

12.單選題

InItaly,itisgoodmannersforaman[A]togreetanothermanwithanembraceandakiss[B]oneverycheek.[C]NotsoinSouthTexas,wheremenstand3feetapartand[D]at90degreeanglestoconversewithoneanother.Allcultureshaverulesandifyouviolatethem,youwillbeexcluded.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.greetanotherman

B.oneverycheek

C.NotsoinSouthTexas

D.at90degreeangles

【答案】B

【解析】考查代詞用法。B選項(xiàng)中的every指三個(gè)或以上的人或事物的全體，而一個(gè)人的臉頰只有兩邊，應(yīng)將every改為each。

13.單選題

Iamtoinformyou,thatyoumay,ifyouwish,attendtheinquiry,andattheinspectorsdiscretionstateyourcase（）orthroughanentrustedrepresentative.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indepth

B.insecret

C.inperson

D.inexcess

【答案】C

【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)indepth“深入地；全面地”；B選項(xiàng)insecret“秘密地；私下地”；C選項(xiàng)inperson“本人；親自”；D選項(xiàng)turnup“出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；開大；發(fā)現(xiàn)；卷起；使仰臥”。句意：我要通知你，如果你愿意，你可以參加調(diào)查，并根據(jù)調(diào)查人員的決定親自或委托代表陳述你的情況。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Itisnotuncommonforthere______problemsofcommunicationbetweentheoldandtheyoung.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.being

B.wouldbe

C.be

D.tobe

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：年輕一代與老一代之間的交流存在問(wèn)題，這種情況非常罕見。此處是therebe句型，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知此處并不缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因而只能使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Theyoungpeoplemadeanew（）tothegovernor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proposal

B.submerge

C.tendency

D.thread

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)proposal“提議，建議”。B選項(xiàng)submerge“淹沒(méi)”。C選項(xiàng).tendency“傾向，趨勢(shì)”。D選項(xiàng)thread“線，螺紋”。句意：年輕人向領(lǐng)導(dǎo)提出了一項(xiàng)新建議。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sentup

B.sentoff

C.sentout

D.sentin

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。sendup使上升；sendoff寄出，派遣；sendout發(fā)送；sendin遞送，呈報(bào)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指“遞交辭呈”，所以選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

17.單選題

Fortensofthousandsofprofoundlydeafadultsandchildrenworldwide,cochleaimplantshaveprovidedausefulsubstitutefornaturalhearing.Thesedeviceselectricallystimulatetheauditorynervewithinthecochlea,enablingmanyuserstocarryonaconversationwithoutvisualcues,suchasoverthetelephone.Butforthepatientswhosenerveendingshavedegeneratedorwhoseauditorynerveshavebeendestroyed,theonlyhopeforrestoringhearingistoaccesslaterstagesoftheauditorysystem.NowCaliforniaresearchersaregearinguptodojustthat,goingbeyondcochleaimplantswithadevicethatwillplugdirectlyintothebrain.

AttheHuntingtonMedicalResearchInstitutes(HMEI)inPasadena.Calif,neuro-physiologistDouglasMcCreeyshowsoffacatthatisalreadyusingthenewdevice.Likeacochleaimplant,itconsistsofanexternalspeechprocessorandareceiverimplantedunderthescalp.Butthewiresfromthereceiverbypassthecochleaandinsteadtravelallthewaytothebrainstem.Theyendinanarrayofsixiridiummicroelectrodesthatpenetratetheventralcochleanucleus,oneoftheauditorycentersthatnormallyreceiveinputfromthecochlea.TheimplantisnotmeanttoenableMcCerry’scattohear,itsnaturalhearingisinfactstillintact.RatherMcCreeyrecordstheneuralsignalstheimplantproducesandfindsthatthesignalsconveythefrequencycodedinformationappropriateforthecomprehensionofspeech.

Initscurrentformthebrainstemimplantfeaturesanarrayofeightflatelectricalcontactsthataresimplyplacedagainstthesurfaceofthebrainstemneartheventralcochleanucleus.Therecipientsofthesedevices—about150peopleglobally—getenoughauditoryinformationtoimprovetheirlip-readingskillsandtoperceiveenvironmentalsounds,buttheyrarelyattaingoodspeechcomprehensionintheabsenceofvisualcues.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.What’sthegoalofCaliforniaresearchersmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

3.WhydoesDouglasMcCreeryshowoffacat?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Cochleaimplants.

B.Reasonsofdeaf

C.Anewauditoryremedy.

D.Structureoftheauditorysystem.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Tofindanewmethodofcochlearimplant.

B.Tostimulatetheauditorynervewithinthecochlear.

C.Tostudycat’scochlea.

D.Toaccesslaterstagesoftheauditorysystem.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Toadvocatepeopletoprotectanimals.

B.Tocurethecat'shearingloss.

C.Tocarryoutcochlearimplantonthecat.

D.Togiveadisplayofthenewdevice

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，開頭提到了耳蝸植入裝置使許多使用者能夠在沒(méi)有視覺提示的情況下進(jìn)行交談，但對(duì)于神經(jīng)末梢退化或聽覺神經(jīng)受損的患者卻沒(méi)用。因此加州的研究人員正在研究一種可以直接插入大腦的植入式耳蝸。接下來(lái)的內(nèi)容則是具體的這項(xiàng)新的研究，所以選項(xiàng)C“一種新的聽覺療法”最能概括全文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“NowCaliforniaresearchersaregearinguptodojustthat,goingbeyondcochleaimplantswithadevicethatwillplugdirectlyintothebrain.現(xiàn)在，加州的研究人員正準(zhǔn)備這樣做，這是一種可以直接插入大腦的植入式耳蝸?！痹闹械摹皌hat”即上文提到的“toaccesslaterstagesoftheauditorysystem.進(jìn)入聽覺系統(tǒng)的后期?！彼赃x項(xiàng)D正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“AttheHuntingtonMedicalResearchInstitutes(HMEI)inPasadena.Calif,neuro-physiologistDouglasMcCreeyshowsoffacatthatisalreadyusingthenewdevice.加州神經(jīng)生理學(xué)家DouglasMcCreey展示了一只已經(jīng)在使用這種新設(shè)備的貓。”由此可知，DouglasMcCreery實(shí)際上是在展示新的設(shè)備，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

18.單選題

Imagineaworldinwhichtherewassuddenlynoemotion—aworldinwhichhumanbeingscouldfeelnoloveorhappiness,noterrororhate.Trytoimaginetheconsequencesofsuchatransformation.Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive:knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,anxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.Theycouldnotlearn:theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.Societywouldsoondisappear:peoplewouldbeaslikelytoharmoneanotherastoprovidehelpandsupport.Humanrelationshipswouldnotexist:inaworldwithoutfriendsorenemies,therecouldbenomarriage,affectionamongcompanions,orbondsamongmembersofgroups.Society’seconomicunderpinningswouldbedestroyed