考研考博-英語-云南新興職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南新興職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thecoalitionpartieshaveaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderusingmorefundstohelpsupporttheailingmarket.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rapidlyexpanding

B.steadilyimproving

C.makingchanges

D.havingdifficulties

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。橫線單詞ailing意為“生病的，身體不舒服的；病態(tài)的；處境困難的”；A選項(xiàng)“rapidlyexpanding”意為“迅速擴(kuò)大的”；B選項(xiàng)“steadilyimproving”意為“穩(wěn)定提高的”；C選項(xiàng)“makingchanges”意為“交換；更改”；D選項(xiàng)“havingdifficulties”意為“有困難的”。句意：聯(lián)合政黨已要求政府考慮動(dòng)用更多資金，幫助支撐低迷的市場。由題干可知，thegovernmenttoconsiderusingmorefundstohelpsupportthemarket（政府考慮動(dòng)用更多資金幫助支撐市場），可以推測出市場的情況不好，出現(xiàn)了困難。由此可知，ailing在此處最可能是“處境困難的”的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Thatwasreallyadespicableactofterrorismandcowardlyattacksoninnocentciviliansbyholdingchildrenhostage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.honorable

B.contemptible

C.notable

D.recommendable

【答案】B

【解析】考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)honorable“可敬的；高貴的”；B選項(xiàng)contemptible“可鄙的；卑劣的”；C選項(xiàng)notable“值得注意的，顯著的；著名的；重要的”；D選項(xiàng)recommendable“可推薦的；值得推薦的”。句意：這是一種____恐怖主義行為，是將兒童作為人質(zhì)對(duì)無辜平民進(jìn)行懦弱的襲擊。根據(jù)句意，該形容詞修飾的是恐怖主義的行為，其情感基調(diào)應(yīng)該是貶義的，只有B選項(xiàng)符合語境，原文despicable“卑劣的；可鄙的”。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

3.單選題

Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes.Itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.1trytothinkofsomethingelse.

Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.

IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.ShemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.

Idon’tknowthewordfor“ribbons”，soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead.Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid“beautiful”.Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn’tsureifsheunderstoodme(Idon’tspeakLaotianverywell).

Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsinthem:squaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.

Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindisagreementovertheprice;then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanothershakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn'tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,forthefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritlifted.Ialmostfelthappy.

Thefeelingstayedwithmewhileshewrappedtheskirtsinanewspaperandhandedthemtome.WhenIleft,though,thefeelingleft.too.Itwasasthoughitstayedbehindinmarketplace.Ilefttearsinmythroat,Iwantedtocry.Ididn’tofcourse.

Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.

Igetup,lightacandleandwanttolookattheskirts.Theyarestillinthenewspaperthatthewomanwrappedthemin.IremovethepaperandraisetheskirtsuptolookatthemagainbeforeIpackthem.Somethingfallstofloor.Ireachdownandfeelsomethingcoolinmyhand.ImoveclosetothecradlelighttoseewhatIhave.Therearefivelongsilkribbonsinmyhand,alldifferentcolors.Thewomaninthemarketplace!Shehasgiventheseribbonstome!

Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry.andveryhard,asifIcouldmakeupforallthemonthsthatIdidn'tcry.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

2.Thewriterassumedthatthewomanacceptedthelastoffermainlybecausethewoman（）.

3.Whydidthewriterfinallydecidetobuythreeskirts?

4.Whendidthewriterleftthemarketplace,shewantedtocry,butdidnotbecause（）.

5.Whydidthewritercryeventuallywhenshelookedattheskirtsagain?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thewriterwasnotusedtobargaining.

B.PeopleinAsiaalwaysbargainwhenbuyingthings.

C.BargaininginLaoswasquietandpeaceful.

D.Thewriterwasreadytobargainwiththewoman.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thoughtthatthelastofferwasreasonable

B.thoughtshecouldstillmakemuchmoney

C.wasgladthatthewriterknewtheirwayofbargaining

D.wastiredofbargainingwiththewriteranymore

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theskirtswerecheapandpretty.

B.Shelikedthepatternsontheskirts.

C.Shewantedtodosomethingascompensation.

D.Shewasfedupwithfurtherbargainingwiththewoman.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.shehadlearnedtostaycoolandunfeeling

B.shewasafraidofcryinginpublic

C.shehadlearnedtofacedifficultiesbravely

D.shehadtoshowinpublicthatshewasstrong.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Shesuddenlyfeltverysad.

B.Shelikedtheribbonssomuch.

C.Shewasovercomebyemotion.

D.Shefeltsorryforthewoman.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:作者不習(xí)慣討價(jià)還價(jià)。B:亞洲人買東西總是講價(jià)。C:在老撾，討價(jià)還價(jià)是安靜而和平的。D:作家準(zhǔn)備和那個(gè)女人討價(jià)還價(jià)。第五段指出:Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia(我決定買一條那樣的裙子，我開始和她討價(jià)還價(jià)。在亞洲，討價(jià)還價(jià)是一種習(xí)俗)。由此得知，B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)正確。第五段還指出:InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness(在老撾，討價(jià)還價(jià)是以較低的聲音，和一種輕松平靜的方式進(jìn)行的)。因此C項(xiàng)正確。只有A項(xiàng)在原文中找不到線索，故選A。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第六段指出:ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining(對(duì)于我能夠說一些她們國家的語言她感到非常高興，雖然我說的大部分都是一些數(shù)字，但是在她看來我是非常清楚這種輕松愉悅的討價(jià)還價(jià)的方式的)。由此可知這位姑娘因作者能夠說她們國家的語言和懂得相關(guān)的討價(jià)還價(jià)的方式而感到高興。后面接著寫到:Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade(她感到非常開心，以至于讓我感到意外的是，她竟然接受了我最后的出價(jià))。因此C項(xiàng)“感到高興，因?yàn)樽髡咧浪齻冇憙r(jià)還價(jià)的方法”正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第六段指出:Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn'tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase(這個(gè)價(jià)格實(shí)在是太低了。她太慷慨了，幾乎賺不到什么錢。擔(dān)心她因?yàn)槲屹I得多而再次降低價(jià)格，我迅速地再挑了兩條裙子，付錢，然后離開)。故選C項(xiàng)“她想做點(diǎn)什么作為補(bǔ)償”。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第三段指出:Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy(我學(xué)會(huì)了抗拒困難，不知不覺中，我也學(xué)會(huì)了不被溫柔輕松俘獲)。由此可見，作者沒哭是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)學(xué)會(huì)讓情緒不輕易受到影響，故選A項(xiàng)“她已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了保持冷靜”。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出:Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry...(對(duì)于她的這種慷慨精神毫無防御，這次我哭了……)。因此作者最后還是哭了是因?yàn)楫?dāng)她再次打開包裝想看一下這些裙子時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn)這位老撾姑娘送了自己五條長長的絲帶，因此C項(xiàng)“她沒有控制住自己的情緒”正確。

4.單選題

Microwavesareatypeofelectromagneticradiation;theyareaverymildformofelectricalormagneticwavethatmovesthroughspace.UnlikeX-raysandgammarays,whichareverypowerfulraysofradiation,microwavesareratherweakandaremuchmorelikethewavesofradiationusedinradiobroadcasting.

Inmicrowaveovens,theuseofmicrowaveswithwhichmostpeoplearefamiliar,thewavesareproducedbyanelectronictubecalledamagnetron.Microwavesproducebeatinanyfoodplacedinsidetheovenbycausingthewaterinthefoodtovibraterapidlyandthusheatup.Foodthathavemorewaterinthemtakelesstimetocookandprobablyhavemoreoftheirnutrientsleftintactwhencookedinamicrowaveoven.

Microwavesdonotpassthroughmetalssothemicrowavesareretainedwithintheoven.Microwavespassimmediatelythroughglass,paper,andplasticwithnoeffectonthesematerialsoronthemicrowaves;nothinginsidethemicrowaveovenisheatedexceptthefooditself,sothecookingprocessismuchmoreefficientthaninconventionalovens.Sometimesapartorcontainerisheatedbecauseitistouchingthehotfood,though;someusersofmicrowaveovenshavebeenburnedbyhotfood,byhotpans,orsteamescapingfromthefood.Nodocumentedcaseofradiationburnsfromamicrowaveovenhaseverbeenreported.

Actually,weknowverylittleabouthowmicrowaveradiationmightaffecthumanbeings.Obviously,ifmicrowavescancookaroastbyexcitingthewatermoleculesinthemeatstheycoulddothesamethingtohumanflesh.Humanbeingcouldbeburnedbyprolongedexposuretohighlevelsofmicrowaves.Butscientistsaremoreconcernedabouttheeffectsoflowlevelmicrowaveexposures,suchasmightresultfromaleakingmicrowaveoven.

Noresearchhasyetbeenperformedonpeoplewhohavebeenexposedtolowlevelmicrowaveradiation.Someexperimentshavebeenperformedonanimals,buttheresultsareverydifficulttointerpret.Astheeyesareparticularlysensitive,rabbitsexposedtolowlevelmicrowaveswerecheckedforthegrowthofcataracts,andnonewerefound.Ontheotherhand,someanimalsseemabletosensemicrowaveradiationandtrytoescapefromitimmediately.Inothers,microwaveradiationcausesthebodytoreactasifdefendingitselfagainstdecease.Theseresponsesleadsomescientiststothinkthatmicrowaveradiationisharmful，thoughinsomeyetundiscoveredway.

1.Thepurposeofthispassageistodiscuss（）.

2.Microwavesare（）.

3.Wecanconcludefromthispassagethat（）.

4.Theauthor’stoneis（）.

5.Asusedinthe3rdparagraphofthispassage,theword“documented"means（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thebeneficialuseofmicrowaves

B.theharmfuleffectsofmicrowaves

C.themodernmethodsofcooking

D.theuseandpossibleharmfuleffectsofmicrowaves

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.absolutelysafeatlowlevels

B.veryefficientforcooking

C.cancer-causinginpeoplewithweakeyes

D.completelyunderstoodbyScientists

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theheatcreatedinmicrowaveovensisverydifficulttocontrol

B.foodtastesbetterwhencookedinamicrowaveoven

C.foodcookedinmicrowaveovensisprobablymorenutritiousthanfoodcookedinmoreconventionalways

D.mostresearchontheeffectsofmicrowavesonhumanbeingshasbeenrestrictedtothestudyoflowlevelmicrowaveradiation

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.objective

B.sarcastic

C.negative

D.skeptical

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.numbered

B.recorded

C.legal

D.believable

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文第一段介紹了微波的特點(diǎn)，第二三段講述了微波的用途，最后分析了微波可能對(duì)人體造成的傷害。故D項(xiàng)“微波的用途及可能造成的影響”正確。ABC三項(xiàng)均比較片面。

2.推理判斷題。由第三段“nothinginsidethemicrowaveovenisheatedexceptthefooditself,sothecookingprocessismuchmoreefficientthaninconventionalovens.除了食物本身，微波爐里的任何東西都不會(huì)被加熱，因此烹飪過程比傳統(tǒng)的烤箱更有效率?？芍狟項(xiàng)正確。由Theseresponsesleadsomescientiststothinkthatmicrowaveradiationisharmful，thoughinsomeyetundiscoveredway.這些反應(yīng)使一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為微波輻射是有害的，盡管是以一些尚未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的方式?？芍狝項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。Noresearchhasyetbeenperformedonpeoplewhohavebeenexposedtolowlevelmicrowaveradiation.目前還沒有對(duì)暴露在低水平微波輻射下的人進(jìn)行研究。可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。第四段Butscientistsaremoreconcernedabouttheeffectsoflowlevelmicrowaveexposures,suchasmightresultfromaleakingmicrowaveoven.但科學(xué)家們更關(guān)心的是低水平微波照射的影響，比如微波爐泄漏可能造成的影響。與D項(xiàng)“微波對(duì)人體影響的研究大多局限于對(duì)低水平微波輻射的研究”同義。AB兩項(xiàng)文中沒有提及；C項(xiàng)“用微波爐烹飪的食物可能比用傳統(tǒng)方法烹飪的食物更有營養(yǎng)”是對(duì)原文“Foodthathavemorewaterinthemtakelesstimetocookandprobablyhavemoreoftheirnutrientsleftintactwhencookedinamicrowaveoven.含有更多水分的食物烹飪時(shí)間更短，在微波爐中烹飪時(shí)可能會(huì)保留更多的營養(yǎng)成分。”的曲解。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。本文前半部分提到了微波給人們的生活帶來了便利，可以快速地加熱食物，后半部分提到了科學(xué)家對(duì)微波是否會(huì)對(duì)人體造成傷害進(jìn)行了討論，全文沒有涉及主觀性色彩的內(nèi)容，所以作者的態(tài)度是客觀的，故A項(xiàng)正確。

5.詞義題。Someusersofmicrowaveovenshavebeenburnedbyhotfood,byhotpans,orsteamescapingfromthefood.Nodocumentedcaseofradiationburnsfromamicrowaveovenhaseverbeenreported.一些使用微波爐的人被熱的食物、熱鍋或從食物中逸出的蒸汽燒傷。沒有記錄在案的微波爐輻射灼傷案例。聯(lián)系上文可以推斷documented為記錄的。

5.單選題

Onemajorobstacle[A]toeconomicdevelopmentispopulationgrowth.[B]Thepopulationsofmostdevelopingcountriesgrowataratemuchfasterthan[C]thatofindustrializedcountries.Onereasonforthisgrowthisthehighcrudebirth-rate—thenumberof[D]livebirthsper1,000people.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.Thepopulations

C.that

D.livebirths

【答案】C

【解析】考查代詞用法。B選項(xiàng)與C選項(xiàng)中間有比較標(biāo)志than說明兩者之間有比較。C選項(xiàng)的that指代thepopulations，應(yīng)與前面的復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致，應(yīng)把that改為those。

6.單選題

Nowomancanbetoorichortoothin.ThissayingoftenattributedtothelateDuchessofWindsorembodiesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes.Beingthinisdeemedassuchvirtue.

TheProblemwithsuchaviewisthatsomepeopleactuallyattempttolivebyit.Imyselfhavefantasiesofslippingintonarrowdesignerclothes.Consequently,Ihavebeenonadietforthebetter—orworse—partofmylife.Beingrichwouldn’tbebadeither,butthatwon’thappenunlessanunknownrelativediessuddenlyinsomedistantland,leavingmemillionsofdollars.

Wheredidwegooffthetrack?Whendideatingbutterbecomeasin,andalittlebitofextrafleshunappealing,ifnotrepellent?Allreligionshavecertaindayswhenpeoplerefrainfromeating,andexcessiveeatingisoneofChristianity’ssevendeadlysins.Howeveruntilquiterecently,mostPeoplehadaproblemgettingenoughtoeat.Insomereligiousgroups,Wealthwasasymbolofprobablesalvationandhighmorals,andfatnessasignofwealthandwell-being.

TodaytheOppositeistrue.Wehaveshiftedtothinnessasournewmarkofvirtue.Theresultisthatbeingfat—orevenonlysomewhatoverweight—isbadbecauseitimpliesalackofmoralstrength.

Ourobsessionwiththinnessisalsofueledbyhealthconcerns.Itistruethatinthiscountrywehavemoreoverweightpeoplethaneverbefore,andthat,inmanycases,beingoverweightcorrelateswithanincreasedriskofheartandbloodvesseldisease.Thesediseases,however,mayhaveasmuchtodowithourwayoflifeandourhigh-fatdietsaswithexcessweight.Andtheassociatedriskofcancerinthedigestivesystemmaybemoreofadietaryproblem—toomuchfatandalackoffiber—thanaweightproblem.

Therealconcern,then,isnotthatweweightoomuch,butthatweneitherexerciseenoughnoreatwell.Exerciseisnecessaryforstrongbonesandbothheartandlunghealth.Abalanceddietwithoutalotoffatcanalsohelpthebodyavoidmanydiseases.Weshouldsurelystop-payingsomuchattentiontoweight.Simplybeingthinisnotenough.Itisactuallyhazardousifthosewhoget(oralreadyare)thinthinktheyareautomaticallyhealthyandthusfreefrompayingattentiontotheiroveralllife-style.Thinnesscanbepurevainglory.

1.Intheeyesoftheauthoranoddphenomenonnowadaysisthat______.

2.Sweptbytheprevailingtrend,theauthor______.

3.Inhumanhistorypeople’sviewsonbodyweight______.

4.Theauthorcriticizeswomen’sobsessionwiththinness______.

5.What’stheauthor’sadvicetowomenwhoareabsorbedintheideaofthinness?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theDuchessofWindsorisregardedasawomanofvirtue

B.lookingslimisasymbolofhavingalargefortune

C.beingthinisviewedasamuchdesiredquality

D.religiouspeoplearenotnecessarilyvirtuous

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hadtogoonadietforthegreaterpartofherlife

B.couldstillpreventherselffromgoingoffthetrack

C.hadtoseekhelpfromrichdistantrelatives

D.hadtowearhighlyfashionableclothes

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.werecloselyrelatedtotheirreligiousbeliefs

B.changedfromtimetotime

C.variedbetweenthepoorandtherich

D.ledtodifferentmoralstandards

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.fromaneconomicandeducationalperspective

B.fromsociologicalandmedicalpointsofview

C.fromahistoricalandreligiousstandpoint

D.inthelightofmoralprinciples

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeiroveralllifestyle.

B.Theyshouldbemorewatchfulforfataldiseases.

C.Theyshouldgainweighttolookhealthy.

D.Theyshouldridthemselvesoffantasiesaboutdesignerclothes.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Intheeyesoftheauthoranoddphenomenonnowadaysisthat______.1.在作者看來，現(xiàn)在一個(gè)奇怪的現(xiàn)象是______。

A.theDuchessofWindsorisregardedasawomanofvirtueA.溫莎公爵夫人被認(rèn)為是有德行的女人

B.lookingslimisasymbolofhavingalargefortuneB.看起來苗條是有錢的象征

C.beingthinisviewedasamuchdesiredqualityC.瘦被認(rèn)為是一種很受歡迎的品質(zhì)

D.religiouspeoplearenotnecessarilyvirtuousD.有宗教信仰的人不一定有道德

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞odd定位至第一段第二三句“這句常被認(rèn)為是已故溫莎公爵夫人的名言，體現(xiàn)了我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的古怪精神（embodiesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes）。瘦被認(rèn)為是一種美德?！笨芍髡哒J(rèn)為現(xiàn)在一個(gè)奇怪的現(xiàn)象就是瘦被認(rèn)為是一種美德，C項(xiàng)“瘦被認(rèn)為是一種很受歡迎的品質(zhì)”與原文相符。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“溫莎公爵夫人被認(rèn)為是有德行的女人”，原文并沒有提到作者對(duì)溫莎公爵夫人的評(píng)價(jià)，該項(xiàng)無中生有；

B項(xiàng)“看起來苗條是有錢的象征”，根據(jù)第三段最后一句“在一些宗教團(tuán)體中，財(cái)富是可能的救贖和高尚道德的象征，而肥胖則是財(cái)富和健康的象征”可知，看起來肥胖是富有的象征，該項(xiàng)反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“有宗教信仰的人不一定有道德”在原文沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Sweptbytheprevailingtrend,theauthor______.2.受到流行趨勢的影響，作者_(dá)_____。

A.hadtogoonadietforthegreaterpartofherlifeA.一生中大部分時(shí)間都在節(jié)食

B.couldstillpreventherselffromgoingoffthetrackB.能阻止自己脫離正軌

C.hadtoseekhelpfromrichdistantrelativesC.不得不向有錢的遠(yuǎn)親尋求幫助

D.hadtowearhighlyfashionableclothesD.必須穿非常時(shí)髦的衣服

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文第二段第二三句“我自己也幻想著穿上緊身的名牌衣服。因此，我一直在節(jié)食，不管是好是壞。”可知，作者受到影響，一直在節(jié)食，希望能穿上緊身的名牌衣服。因此，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“能阻止自己脫離正軌”由解題思路可知，作者同樣受到了流行趨勢的影響，且第三段第一句的問題“我們?cè)谀睦锲x軌道了？”可以體現(xiàn)，作者其實(shí)偏離了軌道，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“不得不向有錢的遠(yuǎn)親尋求幫助”，定位第二段最后一句“有錢也不是壞事，但這不會(huì)發(fā)生，除非一個(gè)陌生的親戚在某個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的地方突然去世，給我留下數(shù)百萬美元”可知，作者并沒有向有錢的遠(yuǎn)親尋求幫助，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“必須穿非常時(shí)髦的衣服”由解題思路可知，作者只是幻想能穿上緊身時(shí)髦的衣服，該項(xiàng)表述太絕對(duì)，屬于曲解原文。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Inhumanhistorypeople’sviewsonbodyweight______.3.在人類歷史上，人們對(duì)體重的看法______。

A.werecloselyrelatedtotheirreligiousbeliefsA.與他們的宗教信仰密切相關(guān)

B.changedfromtimetotimeB.經(jīng)常發(fā)生變化

C.variedbetweenthepoorandtherichC.富人和窮人不一樣

D.ledtodifferentmoralstandardsD.導(dǎo)致不同的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文第三段第二句“從什么時(shí)候開始，吃黃油成了一種罪，多吃一點(diǎn)肉就算不令人反感，也沒有吸引力了？”，和最后一句“在一些宗教團(tuán)體中，財(cái)富是可能的救贖和高尚道德的象征，而肥胖則是財(cái)富和健康的象征”，從中可知，對(duì)于肥胖的看法在不同時(shí)期不同團(tuán)體中都是不同的，可推斷在人類歷史上，人們對(duì)于體重的看法總是變化的，所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常發(fā)生變化”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“與他們的宗教信仰密切相關(guān)”，原文只是提及一些宗教對(duì)于體重有些不同的看法，并沒有說人們對(duì)于體重的看法一定與宗教相關(guān)，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“富人和窮人不一樣”在原文沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

D項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致不同的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，定位第三段最后一句“在一些宗教團(tuán)體中，財(cái)富是可能的救贖和高尚道德的象征……”可知，不同的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是由財(cái)富決定的，并不是人們對(duì)體重的看法，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Theauthorcriticizeswomen’sobsessionwiththinness______.4.作者從______批評(píng)了女性對(duì)苗條的癡迷。

A.fromaneconomicandeducationalperspectiveA.從經(jīng)濟(jì)和教育的角度

B.fromsociologicalandmedicalpointsofviewB.從社會(huì)學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)的角度

C.fromahistoricalandreligiousstandpointC.從歷史和宗教的角度

D.inthelightofmoralprinciplesD.根據(jù)道德原則

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文第五段的內(nèi)容“我們對(duì)苗條的癡迷還受到健康問題的影響。的確，在這個(gè)國家，超重的人比以往任何時(shí)候都多，而且在很多情況下，超重與心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加相關(guān)。然而，這些疾病可能與我們的生活方式和高脂肪飲食有關(guān)，也與超重有關(guān)。消化系統(tǒng)癌癥的相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能更多的是飲食問題——過多的脂肪和纖維的缺乏——而不是體重問題?！笨芍?，出于對(duì)健康的考慮，婦女會(huì)更加癡迷于追求苗條，但是接著作者講到，從社會(huì)學(xué)的角度來看，肥胖者的增加與人們的生活方式息息相關(guān)，隨后作者又從醫(yī)學(xué)的角度分析了飲食不合理造成消化系統(tǒng)的癌變，而非體重原因。所以作者是從社會(huì)學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)的角度來批評(píng)女性對(duì)苗條的癡迷，B項(xiàng)“從社會(huì)學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)的角度”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“從經(jīng)濟(jì)和教育的角度”和D項(xiàng)“根據(jù)道德原則”在文中沒有依據(jù)，屬于無中生有；

C項(xiàng)“從歷史和宗教的角度”在原文中雖然從宗教角度描述了肥胖是一種財(cái)富和健康的象征，但是在這部分作者并沒有表達(dá)女性對(duì)苗條的癡迷的抨擊或批評(píng)，只是客觀陳述肥胖在宗教中的象征意義，所以該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

5.What’stheauthor’sadvicetowomenwhoareabsorbedintheideaofthinness?5.對(duì)于那些一心追求苗條的女性，作者有什么建議呢？

A.Theyshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeiroveralllifestyle.A.她們應(yīng)該更關(guān)注自己的整體生活方式。

B.Theyshouldbemorewatchfulforfataldiseases.B.她們應(yīng)該對(duì)致命疾病更加警惕。

C.Theyshouldgainweighttolookhealthy.C.為了看起來健康，她們應(yīng)該增加體重。

D.Theyshouldridthemselvesoffantasiesaboutdesignerclothes.D.她們應(yīng)該擺脫對(duì)名牌服裝的幻想。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“如果那些變瘦（或者已經(jīng)變瘦了）的人認(rèn)為自己自然而然就很健康，從而不去關(guān)注自己的整體生活方式，這實(shí)際上是很危險(xiǎn)的”可知，作者的言外之意是希望她們多注意整體的生活方式，故本題選擇A項(xiàng)“她們應(yīng)該更關(guān)注自己的整體生活方式”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“她們應(yīng)該對(duì)致命疾病更加警惕”和D項(xiàng)“她們應(yīng)該擺脫對(duì)名牌服裝的幻想”沒有提及，無中生有；

C項(xiàng)“為了看起來健康，她們應(yīng)該增加體重”，由解題思路可知，想要變得健康就要注重生活方式，這不僅僅是變瘦或者增肥能達(dá)到的，該項(xiàng)偷換概念。

7.單選題

Wedon’tencouragethemto（

）inanysolitaryamusements.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.risk

B.revive

C.indulge

D.suspend

【答案】C

【解析】選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)能與介詞in搭配,indulgein指“沉溺于”,符合句意。

8.翻譯題

如何積累詞匯。掌握一門外語的詞匯有幾種途徑：1）通過上下文巧妙地猜測詞義；2）結(jié)合閱讀使用詞典；3）除閱讀外，進(jìn)行專門的詞匯訓(xùn)練。我們是慢慢吞吞地、吃力地積累詞匯，以便幾年以后可以流暢閱讀呢，還是在閱讀的同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)詞匯呢？最容易也最有趣的增加詞匯的可能辦法是拿一本用淺顯文體寫成的故事書（老師或圖書館管理員可以推薦一本），然后當(dāng)作故事來讀。當(dāng)作故事來讀這一文選意味著整句整段地閱讀，而不是逐字逐詞地翻譯，即使我們?cè)谶@兒或那兒漏掉了一些意義，但最終還是能逐漸地熟悉某些詞匯而根本不用查詞典。當(dāng)然，這只是我們?cè)陂喿x用本族語寫的故事時(shí)所用的方法，這樣的閱讀使我們能比逐字翻譯更好地感受習(xí)慣用法和句法。

【答案】Howtoaccumulatevocabulary?Thereareseveralwaystomasteraforeignlanguage’svocabulary:1)Skilfullyguessthemeaningofawordbasedoncontext;2)useadictionary,combiningwiththereading;3)dospecialvocabularytraining,besidesreading.Whetherweaccumulatevocabularyslowlyandlaboriouslysothatwecanreadsmoothlyseveralyearslaterorlearningvocabularywhilereading?Theeasiestandmostinterestingwaytoenlargevocabularyisprobablyusingastorybookwhichiswritteninplainliteraryform(teacherorlibrariancanrecommendone),andthenreaditasastory.Readingthisliteraryselectionasastorymeansreadingitbywholesentenceandwholeparagraph,nottranslatingitwordbyword.Evenifwemisssomemeaninghereorthere,wecangraduallyfamiliarizewithcertainwordsultimatelywithoutlookingupdictionary.Ofcourse,thismethodisjustusedwhenwereadstorieswritteninourownlanguage.Thiskindofreadingcanmakeusfeelidiomaticusageandsyntaxbetterthantranslatingwordbyword.

9.問答題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addoword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeaword,underlineitandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark()intherightplaceand-writethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.brand改成brands

2.distinguish改成differ

3.manufacturer改成manufacturer's

4.at改成in

5.much改成little

6.to改成with

7.their改成its

8.unpleasant改成pleasant

9.need改成needs

10.advertised改成advertising

【解析】1.詞匯錯(cuò)誤—單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)前面的“severaldifferent很多不同的”可知，此處的brand應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)該是brands“品牌”。

2.搭配錯(cuò)誤。distinguishAfromB表示“區(qū)分A和B”，但是，此處表示“兩者差別不大，兩者沒有什么不同”，因此，根據(jù)搭配應(yīng)該為：differfrom“與……不同”。

3.語法錯(cuò)誤—比較結(jié)構(gòu)平行關(guān)系。此處是比較兩個(gè)“manufacturer’stoothpaste廠商的牙好”，因此，后面的manufacture應(yīng)該加上“s”的所有格，與前面保持一致，即需要體現(xiàn)比較對(duì)象“牙膏”。

4.固定搭配。varyin在…方面變化；在…方面有差異。

5.詞匯錯(cuò)誤—程度形容詞。該處句意為:這些因素使得店家沒有太多理由去選擇某一種商品。故much應(yīng)該改成little才符合句意。

6.固定搭配。beconfrontedwith面對(duì)。

7.代詞錯(cuò)誤。主語是“eachmanufacturingcompany”,而后文的代詞指的就是“每個(gè)生產(chǎn)公司”，故代詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)，即its。

8.詞匯錯(cuò)誤—形容詞。前文談及兩種廣告類型，目的是吸引買者或潛在買者，因此，此處應(yīng)該是用“somethingpleasant愉快的東西”來吸引買者。

9.語法錯(cuò)誤—主謂一致。因?yàn)樵摼渲髡Z是one,所以，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用第三人稱單數(shù)，即needs。

10.詞匯誤用。advertised是過去分詞，而此處是形容詞修飾strategy；因此，應(yīng)該是advertising“廣告（業(yè)）的”，表示“廣告策略”。

10.單選題

Byadvocatingmoderatechange,theythinkthattheycankeepconsumercostslow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reasonable

B.radical

C.immediate

D.minimum

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通過提倡……改變，他們認(rèn)為可以保持消費(fèi)者的低成本狀態(tài)。reasonable“合理的，明智的”；radical“根本的，徹底的”；immediate“立即的”；minimum“最低的”。根據(jù)后面的“消費(fèi)者的低成本狀態(tài)”可知前面的改變是“適度的”，即劃線單詞的意思是“適度的；合理的”。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

11.單選題

Youhaveyourchoiceofthree______oficecream.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.varieties

B.tops

C.respects

D.decks

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)varieties“（同一事物的）不同種類；品種”；B選項(xiàng)tops“頂端；表面”；C選項(xiàng)respects“（事物的）方面，細(xì)節(jié)”；D選項(xiàng)decks“（船或公共汽車的）一層”。句意：你有三______冰淇淋供你選擇。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是有三種不同的冰淇淋，A選項(xiàng)varieties“（同一事物的）不同種類”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

CardinalMEZZOFANTIofBolognawasasecularsaintwhowassaidtospeak72languages.Or50.Noonewascertainofthetruefigure,butitwasalot.VisitorsflockedfromallcomersofEuropetotesthimandcameawaystunned.Twocondemnedprisonerswereduetobeexecuted,butnooneknewtheirlanguagetoheartheirconfession.Mezzofantilearneditinanight,heardtheirsinsthenextmorningandsavedthemfromhell.

Orsothelegendgoes.In“BabelNoMore”,MichaelErardhaswrittenthefirstseriousbookaboutthepeoplewhomastervastnumbersoflanguages—orclaimto.Ajournalistwithsomelinguisticstraining,Mr.Erardisnotahyperpolyglothimself(hespeakssomeSpanishandChinese),butheapproacheshistopicwithbothwonderandahealthydashofscepticism.

Tofindoutwhetheranyonecouldreallylearnsomanylanguages,Mr.ErardsetouttofindModernMezzofantis.Thepeoplehemeetsarecertainlyinteresting.Onemanwithamentalageofninehasavastmemoryforforeignwordsandtheuseofgrammaticalendings,buthecannotseemtobreakfreeofEnglishwordorder.KenHals,whowasalinguistattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyanddiedin2001,wassaidtohavelearned50languages.Professionallinguistssillswearbyhistalent.Butheinsistedhespokeonlythree(English,SpanishandWarlpiri—fromAustralia’sNorthernTerritory)andcouldmerely“talk”inothers.Mr.Erardsaysthattruehyperpolyglotterybeginsatabout11languages,andthatwhilelegendsabound,triedandtestedexemplarsarefew.

Attheendofhisstory,however,ErardfindsasurpriseinMezzofanti’sarchive:flashcards.Stacksofthem,inGeorgian,Hungarian,Arabic,Algonquinandnineothertongues.Theworld’smostcelebratedhyperpolyglotreliedonthesametoolsgiventofirst-yearlanguagelearnerstoday.Theconclusion?Hyperpolyglotsmaybeginwithtalentbuttheyaren’tgeniuses.Theysimplyenjoytasksthataredrudgerytonormalpeople.Thetalentandenjoymentdriveavirtuouscyclethatpushesthemtofeatsotherssimplyshaketheirheadsat.

1.Theword“hyperpolyglot”(para.2)referstotheonewho（）.

2.By“ahealthydashofskepticism”,theauthordemonstratesMr.Erard’s（）.

3.Mr.Erard’seffortstofindtheModernMezzofantis（）.

4.Whatistheemphasisinthelastparagraph?

5.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enjoyslearninglanguages

B.receivesstrictlanguagetraining

C.speaksmanylanguages

D.excelsinlanguagetests

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.biasedopinion

B.objectiveattitude

C.strongmotivation

D.extremecuriosity

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.arenotveryfruitful

B.willnotendinvain

C.seemtopayoff

D.arehighlyappreciated

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thereisnoshortcutinlanguagelearning.

B.Weallhavethepotentialtobeagoodlanguagelearner.

C.Somepeoplearemoregiftedtolearnlanguages.

D.Goodlanguagelearnershavespeciallearningtechniques.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.aresearchpaper

B.asciencefiction

C.anewsreport

D.abookreview

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Ajournalistwithsomelinguisticstraining,Mr.Erardisnotahyperpolyglothimself(hespeakssomeSpanishandChinese)，（埃拉爾是一名記者，接受過一些語言學(xué)訓(xùn)練，但他自己并不是（），他會(huì)說一點(diǎn)西班牙語和漢語），會(huì)說一點(diǎn)西班牙語和漢語用來補(bǔ)充解釋前面的hyperpolyglot，和C選項(xiàng)“會(huì)說多種語言”對(duì)應(yīng)，hyperpolyglot是“語言狂人”，故C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“喜歡學(xué)語言”文章沒有提到。B選項(xiàng)“接受嚴(yán)格的語言訓(xùn)練”：Erard學(xué)過一些，說不上嚴(yán)格。