2018高考英語全國II卷閱讀理解及翻譯

2018年全國II卷高考英語ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalized.parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchild'schoicesAcivity^Description^Kemberof-StaffsCost*1OutdoorAdvetur已vwwvwwvww%(OUT)Pyourselfoutofyourcamfartzoneforav/eek；discovernewpersonnlqu-alities；andlearnnewskills.Youwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitlesfarmscanoeingtowild匚ampingonDartmoor.Learnrackdimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironmerit.JMlnClem-ens￡140pWWIBattlefield5andParis(WBP)卩OnMondaywetraveIItoLondon.Afterstaying口廿總mightinLondon.,wetrave1onDay2tonorthern.FrancetovisiltheWorldWar1battlefields.OnDay3wecrassintoBelgium.ThursdayseesjsmaketheshortJourneytoPariswhereivewillvisitDisneyl-andParispark；stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday；sees115visitNlrs?Wilsons￡425pcent舊1Parisandton「th已maineights.*1CraftyFoxes(CRF)屮Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles?Makinglovelyobfettsusing吃匚yclecl^ndmademateriaIs.cushionsanddecorations...L已amSkillsandleavewithmodernandunusualte-xtil&s.PMrs.Goode:'ULmLmLmL」f.30^Pottyab-outPotter(POT)玄VisitWarnerBrosStudioShopstoptobuypicnic：stayovernighiinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatlev-on-TtiamesguidedtourofOxfordtoseeihefilmlocations；picniclunchoutsideOxford'sChristchurch；boatingonth已RiverCherwellthraughth已U門i\p「5it￥ParkjbeforeheadingbacktoExeter.JMissDrake￡150^Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?A.TraveltoLondon.B.Seeaparadeandfireworks.C.TourcentralParis.D.VisittheWWIbattlefields.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast？A.Twodays.B.Fourdays.C.Fivedays.D.Oneweek.A夏季活動學(xué)生們應(yīng)該與他們的父母或者照顧者一起閱讀這個清單，并選擇他們想做的兩項活動。表格可以在學(xué)校和網(wǎng)上獲得，以表明他們的選擇和返回學(xué)校。在確定選擇之前，父母或照顧者會被要求簽名來確認(rèn)他們孩子的選擇。

活動描述工作人員花費戶外冒險(OUT)離開你的舒適區(qū)一周，發(fā)現(xiàn)新的個人品質(zhì)，學(xué)習(xí)新的技能。你將能夠參加一些活動，從劃獨木舟到在達特穆爾高原上野營。學(xué)習(xí)攀巖，進行團隊合作，并享受美好的戶外環(huán)境。Clemens先生￡140第一次世界大戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)場和巴黎(WBP)星期一我們?nèi)惗芈眯?。在倫敦過夜后，我們第二天去法國北部參觀第一次世界大戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)場。第三天我們進入比利時。星期四我們到巴黎進行短途旅行，在那里我們會游覽迪士尼巴黎公園，我們會待到很晚，以觀看游行和煙火。在最后一天，星期五，我們會參觀巴黎市中心，游覽主要景點。Wilson夫人￡425狡猾的狐貍(CRF)以紡織品為中心為期四天的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計。通過使用可回收的制作材料制作漂亮的物件。包、墊子和裝飾品……學(xué)習(xí)技藝，并帶著不尋常的現(xiàn)代紡織品離開。Goode夫人￡30迷上閑逛(POT)參觀華納兄弟影城，停下來購買野餐食物，在Streatley-on-Thames的一家獲準(zhǔn)經(jīng)營的青年旅舍里待上一晚，跟著導(dǎo)游游覽牛津，看一看那些電影拍攝地點，在牛津克賴斯特徹奇的外面享用野餐，在回到埃克塞特之前在流過牛津大學(xué)公園的查韋爾河上泛舟。Drake小姐￡150ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein（蛋白質(zhì)），ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants（抗氧化物質(zhì)）.TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants,Asforcherries（櫻花）.theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits.frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.RemovetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreezeIfyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty；theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas？A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.TospeeduptheirripeningD.Toimprovetheirnutrition.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.B我們當(dāng)中許多人喜歡七月，因為這是大自然的漿果和核果結(jié)出果實的月份。這些來自英國哥倫比亞田野里的色彩鮮艷的甜蜜珠寶是營養(yǎng)保護的小動力室。在常見的漿果中，草莓的維生素C含量最高，盡管覆盆子因為它的籽而含有更多的蛋白質(zhì)、鐵和鋅（并不是說水果中含有很多蛋白質(zhì)）。藍(lán)莓中的抗氧化物質(zhì)含量特別高。像桃子這樣的黃色和橙色核果中類胡蘿卜素和抗氧化方面含量很高，我們將類胡蘿卜素轉(zhuǎn)化成維生素A。至于櫻桃，它如此美味，誰在乎它什么含量高呢？然而，它富含維生素Co當(dāng)與漿果或其他水果片相結(jié)合，冷凍香蕉就會為制作出濃稠冰涼的水果奶昔和低脂的“冰激凌”打造一個極好的基礎(chǔ)。為此，選擇成熟的香蕉進行冷凍，因為它們甜得多。剝掉皮，把香蕉放入塑料袋或容器中冷凍。如果你喜歡的話，把新鮮的檸檬汁擠在香蕉上，這會防止香蕉變成棕色。冷凍香蕉會存放幾個星期，這取決于它們的成熟程度和冰箱的溫度。如果你有榨汁機，你可以簡單地將冷凍香蕉和一些切成片的漿果放進去。一份“軟質(zhì)”奶油甜點做好了，馬上就要吃掉了。這對兒童聚會來說是一個有趣的活動；他們喜歡將水果和冷凍香蕉從上面放入機器,并看著冰激凌從下面冒出來。CTeensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,“theproportion（比例）whosaythey‘hardlyever'readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren.ages2-8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading，thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建議）parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading,Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼近）ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A.Children'sreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildren'sbooks.C.Children'safter-classactivities.D.parent-childrelationships.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”?A.Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.C.Inparagraph4D.Inparagraph5.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C.Itmayharmchildren'shealth.D.E-readersareexpensive.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.ActasrolemodelsforthemB.AskthemtowritebookreportsC.SetupreadinggroupsforthemD.TalkwiththeirreadingclassteachersC根據(jù)常識媒體周一發(fā)表的一篇報告，青少年和更小的孩子為了娛樂而讀書要少得多。盡管過去十年來青少年讀者的數(shù)量急劇下降，但該報告中的一些數(shù)據(jù)顯示，閱讀仍然是許多孩子生活中的重要部分，并指出了家長如何幫助鼓勵孩子多閱讀。根據(jù)這篇報告的關(guān)鍵發(fā)現(xiàn)，說自己幾乎不為娛樂而讀書的人所占的比例從1984年13歲孩子中的8%和17歲孩子中的9%分別上升到今天的22%和27%。這篇報告的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，年齡在2至8歲的小孩子的快樂閱讀水平大致相同。但是閱讀每一部分所花費的時間減少了，每部分的閱讀時間從接近一個小時或更多到接近半個小時。當(dāng)談到科技和閱讀的時候，該報告沒怎么建議家長找關(guān)于電子閱讀器和平板電腦影響閱讀的數(shù)據(jù)。它確實指出，許多家長仍然限制電子閱讀，主要是因為擔(dān)心孩子盯著屏幕看的時間增加。該報告中分享的最有希望的數(shù)據(jù)清楚地表明，當(dāng)涉及閱讀的時候，家長起到了榜樣和重要指導(dǎo)者的作用。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，比起很少閱讀的孩子，經(jīng)常閱讀的孩子和青少年家里有更多的書，（家長）為他們買的書更多，（他們的）家長更經(jīng)常閱讀，并且家長還為他們留出時間來閱讀。隨著學(xué)校接近放假，學(xué)校假期閱讀清單即將來臨，家長們可以利用這個機會來做他們自己的暑期閱讀清單，并計劃全家一起去一次圖書館或書店。D我們都經(jīng)歷過同樣的事情：在電梯里、在銀行排隊或在飛機上時，周圍圍繞著像我們一樣的人，他們沉浸在手機里，或者更為糟糕，在不舒服的沉默中掙扎。問題是什么？可能是我們都向口才妥協(xié)。我們沒有一個人展開對話很有可能是因為這很尷尬、很有挑戰(zhàn)性，或者我們認(rèn)為這很惹人厭，也沒有必要。但下一次你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己身處于陌生人之中時，考慮一下，閑談是值得費力的。專家說閑談是一種能產(chǎn)生巨大效益的有價值的社會實踐。把閑談?wù)f成是無關(guān)緊要的很容易，但是我們不能忘記，如果沒有隨意交談，深厚的關(guān)系就不會存在。印第安納大學(xué)東南分校害羞研究所主任BernardoCarducci說，閑談是社會交流的潤滑劑?！皫缀趺恳粋€偉大的愛情故事和每一筆大生意都是始于閑談的?！彼忉屨f?！俺晒﹂e談的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)會如何與他人建立良好關(guān)系，而不是僅僅與他們交流?！痹?014年的一項研究中，英屬哥倫比亞大學(xué)心理學(xué)副教授ElizabethDunn邀請人們走進一家咖啡店。一組人被要求尋找與服務(wù)員互動的機會；另一組人則被要求只在必要時說話。結(jié)果顯示，那些與服務(wù)員聊天的人報告了明顯更積極的感受和更好的咖啡體驗。“并不是與服務(wù)員談話比與你丈夫談話好?！盌unn說道。“而是與我們社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的邊緣人物打交道對我們的幸福也很重要?！盌unn認(rèn)為，那些與陌生人接觸的人會明顯地感受到更強的歸屬感，一種與別人聯(lián)系的紐帶。Carducci認(rèn)為，這種歸屬感的產(chǎn)生始于閑談。他說：“閑談是良好禮儀的基礎(chǔ)?！盌We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease潤滑劑）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast."Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,"heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction互動）withitswaiter,theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."it'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband.”saysDunn."Butinteractionswithperipheral（邊緣的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso."Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,"hesays.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A.AddictiontosmartphonesB.InappropriatebehavioursinpublicplacesC.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstranger