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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-成都信息工程大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題
()prohibitedinmanycountries.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Thehuntingofcertainrareanimals
B.Thehuntingofcertainrareanimalsis
C.Huntingcertainrareanimalsare
D.Huntingofcertainrareanimalsare
【答案】B
【解析】語(yǔ)法題。選A沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可首先排除。根據(jù)句意:在許多國(guó)家,
捕獲稀有動(dòng)物是被禁止的。這里指的是捕獲稀有動(dòng)物這件事,所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該為單數(shù),不能被前面的animals迷惑,所以本題選B。
2.翻譯題
任何形式的腦力鍛煉都比窩在沙發(fā)上看電視要好。但最能產(chǎn)生積極影響的鍛煉活動(dòng)絕不是簡(jiǎn)單和輕松的活動(dòng):永無(wú)休止地玩游戲,或者看歷史頻道的最新記錄長(zhǎng)片可能是不夠的。就像肌肉越用越強(qiáng)健一樣,腦力訓(xùn)練可以使你的心智技能和記憶力保持張力。不要過(guò)得太舒服。走出舒適區(qū),時(shí)不時(shí)挑戰(zhàn)一下你的心智技能,比如到你從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)的城市旅游,這會(huì)使你在陌生的環(huán)境里不斷探索。
【答案】【參考譯文】AnyformofmentalexerciseisbetterthanwatchingTVonthesofa.Buttheexerciseactivitiesthatcanhavethemostpositiveimpactarebynomeanssimpleandeasyactivities:itmaynotbeenoughtoplaygamesendlesslyorwatchthelatestdocumentaryfeaturefilmsonthehistorychannel.Justasmusclesbecomestrongerwithuse,mentaltrainingcankeepyourmentalskillsandmemoryundertension.Don’tbetoocomfortable.Stepoutofyourcomfortzoneandoccasionallychallengeyourmentalskills,suchastravelingtoacityyouhaveneverbeento,whichwillmakeyouconstantlyexploreinastrangeenvironment.
3.填空題
The(1)overDavosweresaid
(2)
havedarkenedlastweekas1,700privatejetsdeliveredtheworld'selitetoitsannualconvention.Youcanpicture
(3)
moment:ashepherd’schildonanAlpinemountainpointing
(4)
one,thentwo,thenavast
(5)
ofhawk-likeaircraftmaterializingwiththeirconsignmentofpowerbrokers,roaringoverheadasthesheepscatterin
(6)
.
(7)
isawesomesceneofinequality.The
(8)
reportedfigureof1,700jetsisafantasy.FinancialjournalistFelixSalmonhasdonethelegworkandestimatedtheactual
(9)
tobeabout200.So
(10)
wastheinflatedfiguresoeagerlybelieved?
Theanswer
(11)
inthepowerfulholdofprivatejettravel
(12)
thepopularimagination.Itistheultimatesymbolofwealth,more
(13)
thanmansionsorlimousinesorthe
humblehelicopter.Itprovokesresentment;yetitisalsoglamorousandexciting.Private
(14)
excitethenon-privatejet-flyingclasseseven
(15)
offendingthem.Theresultisacombustiblecombinationofmoralismanddesire.
InSwedenoutragerunshigh
(16)
themisuseofcorporatejetsbydirectorsof
(17)
conglomerate,Industrivarden.Familieswereflown
(
18)
tripsabroad;aplanewassenttoStockholm
(19)
anabsent-mindedindustrialistforgothiswallet.Theresultisoneofthebiggest
(20)
scandalsinSwedishhistory.
【答案】1.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞were可知前面的主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)形式,及后面的havedarkened(變暗)和privatejets(私人飛機(jī))可知此處表示達(dá)沃斯上面的天空,填skies。
試題答案:skies
2.考查介詞搭配。besaidto意為“據(jù)說(shuō)”。
試題答案:to
3.考查冠詞。the可以表示特指,themoment表示特指這個(gè)時(shí)候。
試題答案:the
4.考查介詞搭配。pointat意為“指向”,一般表示指向較遠(yuǎn)的事物、方向。
試題答案:at
5.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。一大群像鷹一樣的飛機(jī),afleetofaircraft意為“一對(duì)飛機(jī)”。
試題答案:fleet
6.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。此處表示羊群被飛機(jī)轟鳴的聲音嚇得散開(kāi),inpanic意為“驚慌,恐慌”。
試題答案:panic
7.考查therebe句型。therebe句型表示“某處存在某物或某人”。
試題答案:There
8.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。reportedfigure意為“報(bào)道的數(shù)量”,根據(jù)句意此處表示有許多的報(bào)道,figure為單數(shù)形式,故用much來(lái)修飾。
試題答案:much
9.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)前面的estimated(估計(jì))和后面的數(shù)據(jù)200可知此處表示總數(shù),totalto意為“總計(jì)”。
試題答案:total
10.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)句末的“?”和下一段句首的theanswer(答案)可知此處疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)用why(為什么)。
試題答案:Why
11.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)answer及后面所解釋的原因,此處表達(dá)答案在于……liesin意為“在于”。
試題答案:lies
12.考查介詞搭配。此處表示“符合大眾的想象”,on作介詞時(shí),可意為“靠,憑借”。
試題答案:on
13.考查固定搭配。moresothan意為“與……相比更為……”,此句意為:它是財(cái)富的終極象征,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了豪宅、豪華轎車(chē)或小型直升機(jī)。
試題答案:so
14.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。文中多次出現(xiàn)privatejet(私人飛機(jī)),此處后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用的是復(fù)數(shù)形式,因此jet要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式j(luò)ets。
試題答案:jets
15.考查連詞。此處表示“即使當(dāng)在冒犯他們的時(shí)候”,while意為“在……期間”,表示伴隨時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
試題答案:while
16.考查介詞搭配。表示在某事上,用介詞at。
試題答案:at
17.考查冠詞。此處表示特指,用定冠詞the。
試題答案:the
18.考查介詞搭配。ontrips意為“旅行”。
試題答案:on
19.考查連詞。此處為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示的是時(shí)間點(diǎn),用連詞when(在……時(shí)候)。
試題答案:when
20.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)前面的corporate(企業(yè)的)和industrialist(工業(yè)家,實(shí)業(yè)家)可知此處表示的是“企業(yè)丑聞”,故填corporate。
試題答案:corporate
4.單選題
Withinhoursofappearingontelevisiontoannouncetheendofconscription,PresidentJacuesChiracmovedquicklytopreventanydissentfromwithinthemilitaryestablishment.Addressingmorethan500militarystaffofficersatthemilitaryacademyinParisyesterday,Mr.Chiracsaidclearlythathe“expected”theirloyaltyintheworkofrebuildingFrance’snationaldefense.
Heunderstoodtheir“l(fā)egitimateconcerns,questionsandemotions”atthereforms,butadded,“YoumustunderstandthatthereisnotandneverhasbeenanyrigidmodelforFrenchdefense.Militaryservicehasbeencompulsoryforlessthanacentury.Realismrequiredthatourarmedforcesshouldnowbeprofessional.”
ThePresident’sdecisiontoabolishconscriptionoveraperiodofsixyearsremovesariteofpassageforyoungFrenchmenthathasexistedsincetheRevolution,eventhoughobligatorynationalserviceonlybecamelawin1905.Asrecentlyas1993,anopinionpollshowedthatmorethan60%ofFrenchpeoplesaidtheyfearedtheabolitionofconscriptioncouldendangernationalsecurity.Apollconductedthismonth,however,showedthat70%ofthoseaskedfavoredendingofpractice,andonthestreetsandinofficesyesterday,theresponsetoMr.Chirac’sannouncementwasgenerallypositive.
Amongpeoplewhocompletedtheir10-monthperiodofnationalserviceinthelastfewyearsorwerecontemplatingtheprospect,therewasalmostuniversalapproval.Temperedbyasensethatsomethinghardtodefine—mixingwithpeoplefromotherbackgrounds,aformativeexperience,aprocessthatencouragednationalorsocialcohesion—mightbelost.
Patrick,whospenthisyearintheFrenchcityofValanceassigningandcollectinguniforms,andisnowacomputermanager,saidhewasintearsforhisfirstweek,andhatedmostofhistime.Hethoughtitwas“useless”asaformofmilitarytraining—“Ionlyfiredarifletwice”—but,inretrospect,usefulforlearninghowtogetonwithpeopleandinstillingpatriotism.
Asmanyas25%ofthoseliableformilitaryserviceinFrancesomehowavoidit—thepercentageisprobablymuchgreaterinthemoreeducatedandhighersocialclasses.
AccordingtoGeoffroy,a26-year-oldreporter,whospenthistimeinthenavywiththeinformationofficeincentralParis,theinjusticeisagoodreasonforabolishingit.Peoplewithmoneyorconnections,hesaid,cangetwell-paidassignmentsabroad.“It’snotfair:somedoit,somedon’t.”
Severalexpressedsupportfortheideaofanewsocially-orientedvoluntaryservicethatwouldbeopentobothmenandwomen.Buttheideaseemedlesspopularamongwomen.Atpresent,womenhavetheoptionofvoluntarymilitaryserviceandasmallnumberchoosetotakeit.
1.PresidentChirac’sdecision,announcedonTV,onendingconscriptionseemedto____.
2.Inplaceofmilitaryservice,PresidentChiracproposedtheestablishmentof____.
3.WhenPatrickconsideredhistimeinthearmy“inretrospect”,he____.
4.WelearnfromthepassagethatFrenchwomen____.
5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.havecurbeddisagreementamongtheofficers
B.beanapologymadetothemilitaryacademy
C.haveanunderstandingofallmilitaryofficers
D.havegotnoconsensusfrommilitaryofficers
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.anewmilitaryacademy
B.ariteofpassageforyoungFrenchmen
C.conscriptionoveraperiodofsixyears
D.professionalarmedforces
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.regrettedhiswasteoftimeservinginthearmy
B.correctedhispreviousviewonmilitaryservice
C.stillfeltsorrowforthoseunderaforcedservice
D.revealedhisfailuretogetonwithpeople
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.aregreetingthereformwithenthusiasm
B.arenoteligibletoserveinthearmy
C.donotfacecompulsorymilitaryservice
D.hatetobeexemptedfrommilitaryservice
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.FairnessinConscriptionIsDesirable.
B.Chirac’sAdministrationMeetsObjections.
C.SoulofFranceIstoBeKeptwithArms.
D.FewFrenchRegrettheFarewelltoArms.
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:D
第3題:B
第4題:C
第5題:D
【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】
PresidentChirac’sdecision,announcedonTV,onendingconscriptionseemedto____.希拉克總統(tǒng)在電視上宣布的結(jié)束征兵的決定似乎____。
A.havecurbeddisagreementamongtheofficersA.制止了政府官員之間的分歧
B.beanapologymadetothemilitaryacademyB.是向軍事院校的道歉
C.haveanunderstandingofallmilitaryofficersC.得到了所有軍官的理解
D.havegotnoconsensusfrommilitaryofficersD.沒(méi)有得到軍官的一致認(rèn)同
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞TV和endingconscription定位到原文第一段第一句,該句提到“在電視上(ontelevision)宣布結(jié)束征兵(theendofconscription)的幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi),法國(guó)總統(tǒng)希拉克迅速采取行動(dòng)以防止軍隊(duì)內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)任何異議(topreventanydissentfromwithinthemilitaryestablishment)。”由此可知,法國(guó)總統(tǒng)在電視上宣布結(jié)束征兵后,擔(dān)心軍隊(duì)內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)任何異議,所以迅速采取了有關(guān)行動(dòng),這說(shuō)明結(jié)束征兵的這一決定極有可能引起軍隊(duì)內(nèi)部的異議。由此推斷,D選項(xiàng)“(這一決定)沒(méi)有得到軍官的一致認(rèn)同”符合原文。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“制止了政府官員之間的分歧”,由【解題思路】定位句可知,法國(guó)總統(tǒng)為了防止這一決定可能導(dǎo)致軍隊(duì)內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)的異議而迅速采取行動(dòng);原文第一段第二句提到“希拉克在巴黎軍事學(xué)院對(duì)500多名軍官發(fā)表了講話(huà)”,因此,法國(guó)總統(tǒng)采取的行動(dòng)是前往軍事學(xué)院發(fā)表講話(huà),以消除軍官們的異議。所以,“通過(guò)電視宣布結(jié)束征兵的決定”這件事并沒(méi)有制止政府官員之間的分歧,反而可能是引起分歧的事,另外,法國(guó)總統(tǒng)采取的制止分歧的行動(dòng)是“前往軍事學(xué)院發(fā)表講話(huà)”,總而言之,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,屬于曲解原文;
B選項(xiàng)“是向軍事院校的道歉”,雖然原文提到了法國(guó)總統(tǒng)前往巴黎軍事學(xué)院發(fā)表講話(huà),但并不是在向他們道歉;另外題干說(shuō)的是“通過(guò)電視宣布結(jié)束征兵的決定”這件事,這是可能引起軍事院校的軍官們出現(xiàn)異議的原因,不可能是向軍事院校道歉,總之,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,屬于曲解原文;
C選項(xiàng)“得到了所有軍官的理解”,如果該決定得到了軍官們的一致認(rèn)同,法國(guó)總統(tǒng)就不需要迅速采取行動(dòng)以防止軍隊(duì)內(nèi)部可能出現(xiàn)異議了,該選項(xiàng)表述與原文相反,屬于反向干擾。
第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Inplaceofmilitaryservice,PresidentChiracproposedtheestablishmentof____.希拉克總統(tǒng)提議設(shè)立____來(lái)代替服兵役。
A.anewmilitaryacademyA.一所新的軍事學(xué)院
B.ariteofpassageforyoungFrenchmenB.法國(guó)年輕人的成年儀式
C.conscriptionoveraperiodofsixyearsC.六年的征兵
D.professionalarmedforcesD.專(zhuān)業(yè)的武裝部隊(duì)
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Inplaceofmilitaryservice定位到原文第二段最后一句。該句提到“現(xiàn)實(shí)要求我們現(xiàn)在的武裝部隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)該是專(zhuān)業(yè)的(ourarmedforcesshouldnowbeprofessional)?!庇纱丝芍?,法國(guó)總統(tǒng)決定取消征兵制度,他認(rèn)為法國(guó)應(yīng)該建立專(zhuān)業(yè)的武裝部隊(duì),D選項(xiàng)“專(zhuān)業(yè)的武裝部隊(duì)”符合原文。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“一所新的軍事學(xué)院”,原文只是提到法國(guó)總統(tǒng)到巴黎軍事學(xué)院發(fā)表講話(huà),并沒(méi)有說(shuō)要建立一所新的軍事學(xué)院來(lái)取代服兵役的制度,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;
B選項(xiàng)“法國(guó)年輕人的成年儀式”,可定位到原文第三段第一句,該句提到“總統(tǒng)計(jì)劃六年時(shí)間內(nèi)廢除征兵制度的決定(ThePresident’sdecisiontoabolishconscription),取消了(removes)自大革命以來(lái)就存在的法國(guó)年輕人的成年儀式(ariteofpassageforyoungFrenchmen)?!庇纱丝芍?,自大革命以來(lái),法國(guó)年輕人的成年儀式指的就是服兵役,因此,不可能是用法國(guó)年輕人的成年儀式來(lái)取代服兵役,因?yàn)樗鼈冎傅氖峭患虑?,該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念;
C選項(xiàng)“六年的征兵”,可定位到原文第三段第一句,該句提到“總統(tǒng)計(jì)劃六年時(shí)間內(nèi)廢除征兵制度(abolishconscriptionoveraperiodofsixyears)的決定”,由此可知,原文“六年的時(shí)間”是廢除征兵制度的時(shí)間,而不是選項(xiàng)中表達(dá)的服兵役的時(shí)間,并且這也不是總統(tǒng)希望用來(lái)取代服兵役的事情,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,屬于曲解原文。
第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】
WhenPatrickconsideredhistimeinthearmy“inretrospect”,he____.當(dāng)Patrick“回顧”他在軍隊(duì)的時(shí)光時(shí),他____。
A.regrettedhiswasteoftimeservinginthearmyA.為他浪費(fèi)時(shí)間服兵役感到后悔
B.correctedhispreviousviewonmilitaryserviceB.糾正了他以前對(duì)服兵役的看法
C.stillfeltsorrowforthoseunderaforcedserviceC.仍然為那些被迫服役的人感到悲傷
D.revealedhisfailuretogetonwithpeopleD.揭露了自己不善于與人相處
【答案】B
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Patrick和inretrospect定位到原文第五段最后一句。該句提到“他認(rèn)為這作為一種軍事訓(xùn)練形式是‘無(wú)用的’(itwas‘useless’)”,“但回想起來(lái)(but,inretrospect),這對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)如何與人相處和宣傳愛(ài)國(guó)主義是有用的(useful)?!庇纱丝芍琍atrick以前認(rèn)為服兵役是無(wú)用的,后來(lái)回憶的時(shí)候,則認(rèn)為在別的方面,服兵役還是有用的,修正了他之前的觀念。因此,B選項(xiàng)“糾正了他以前對(duì)服兵役的看法”符合原文。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“為他浪費(fèi)時(shí)間服兵役感到后悔”,Patrick在回憶的時(shí)候認(rèn)為服兵役還是有點(diǎn)用處的,因此,他不會(huì)認(rèn)為服兵役是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間,也不會(huì)因此而后悔,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,屬于反向干擾;
C選項(xiàng)“仍然為那些被迫服役的人感到悲傷”,Patrick在回憶的時(shí)候認(rèn)為服兵役還是有點(diǎn)用處的,因此,說(shuō)他仍然為那些被迫服兵役的人感到悲傷不符合原文,該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文;
D選項(xiàng)“揭露了自己不善于與人相處”,原文只是提到Patrick認(rèn)為服兵役對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)如何與人相處是有用的,并不是說(shuō)他以前服兵役的時(shí)候不善與人相處,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,屬于無(wú)中生有。
第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】
WelearnfromthepassagethatFrenchwomen____.我們可以從文章中得知,法國(guó)女性____。
A.aregreetingthereformwithenthusiasmA.對(duì)這項(xiàng)改革充滿(mǎn)熱情
B.arenoteligibletoserveinthearmyB.沒(méi)有資格去軍隊(duì)服役
C.donotfacecompulsorymilitaryserviceC.沒(méi)有服兵役的義務(wù)
D.hatetobeexemptedfrommilitaryserviceD.討厭被免除兵役
【答案】C
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Frenchwomen定位到原文最后一段。該段第一句提到“一些代表表示支持建立一個(gè)面向社會(huì)的新的自愿服務(wù)的想法,這將向男性和女性開(kāi)放?!北径巫詈笠痪涮岬健澳壳?,女性可以選擇是否服兵役(theoptionofvoluntarymilitaryservice),少數(shù)女性選擇服兵役?!庇纱丝芍壳?,服兵役對(duì)于法國(guó)女性來(lái)說(shuō)并不是義務(wù),她們有權(quán)利選擇是否進(jìn)行志愿兵役服務(wù)。因此,C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有服兵役的義務(wù)”符合原文。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)這項(xiàng)改革充滿(mǎn)熱情”,原文最后一段第二句提到“但這一想法在女性中似乎沒(méi)那么受歡迎(lesspopularamongwomen)”,由此可知,法國(guó)女性對(duì)于這一改革并沒(méi)有什么熱情,該選項(xiàng)表述與原文矛盾,屬于反向干擾;
B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有資格去軍隊(duì)服役”,原文提到法國(guó)女性是可以選擇志愿服兵役的,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,屬于反向干擾;
D選項(xiàng)“討厭被免除服兵役”,原文提到只有少數(shù)法國(guó)女性選擇志愿服兵役,由此可知,她們并不喜歡服兵役,因此,她們不會(huì)討厭被免除服兵役,該選項(xiàng)表述與原文矛盾,屬于反向干擾。
第5題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?下列哪一項(xiàng)最適合做本文標(biāo)題?
A.FairnessinConscriptionIsDesirable.A.征兵需要公平。
B.Chirac’sAdministrationMeetsObjections.B.希拉克政府遭到反對(duì)。
C.SoulofFranceIstoBeKeptwithArms.C.法國(guó)的靈魂是與軍隊(duì)保持聯(lián)系。
D.FewFrenchRegrettheFarewelltoArms.D.很少有法國(guó)人對(duì)告別軍隊(duì)感到遺憾。
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題
【解題思路】分析文章行文結(jié)構(gòu):本文的行文邏輯大致為“提出‘取消征兵制度’的話(huà)題——介紹各方的反應(yīng)”。第一、二段:法國(guó)總統(tǒng)前往巴黎軍事學(xué)院發(fā)表講話(huà)以消除軍事院??赡艽嬖诘漠愖h;第三段:最新的民調(diào)顯示,70%的受訪者支持這一決定;第四、五、六段:服過(guò)兵役的人普遍認(rèn)為服兵役還是有用的,但并未表示反對(duì)取消征兵制度,還有人認(rèn)為征兵制度不公平;第七段:有人提出法國(guó)男性和女性志愿服兵役的建議,但該建議在女性群體中,不那么受歡迎。綜上所述,大部分法國(guó)人還是支持取消征兵制度的,D選項(xiàng)“很少有法國(guó)人對(duì)告別軍隊(duì)感到遺憾”符合原文。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“征兵需要公平”,雖然“征兵”的確是原文涉及的內(nèi)容,但原文的話(huà)題是“取消征兵制度”,“征兵公平”只是文章倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容,該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全;
B選項(xiàng)“希拉克政府遭到反對(duì)”,根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容,大部分法國(guó)民眾支持希拉克政府取消征兵制度的決定,該選項(xiàng)表述與原文矛盾,屬于反向干擾;
C選項(xiàng)“法國(guó)的靈魂是與軍隊(duì)保持聯(lián)系”,原文話(huà)題是“取消征兵制度”,并且大部分法國(guó)民眾持支持意見(jiàn),與“跟軍隊(duì)保持聯(lián)系”矛盾,該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。
5.單選題
Startingwiththe()thatthereislifeontheplanetMars,theRussianandAmericanscientistswentontodeveloptheirarguments.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.premise
B.pretext
C.precondition
D.presentation
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)premise“前提,假定,假設(shè)”;B選項(xiàng)pretext“借口,托辭”;C選項(xiàng)precondition“前提,先決條件”;D選項(xiàng)presentation“展示,描述”。句意:從火星上有生命這一假設(shè)出發(fā),俄羅斯和美國(guó)的科學(xué)家繼續(xù)展開(kāi)他們的爭(zhēng)論?;鹦巧嫌猩@只是一個(gè)假設(shè),所以選項(xiàng)A正確。
6.單選題
Inthepast,mostforestershavebeenmen,buttoday,thenumberofwomen()thisfieldisclimbing.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.engaging
B.devoting
C.registering
D.pursuing
【答案】D
【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。enrolling登記,
招收;dedicating獻(xiàn)身,
致力,后面一般接介詞to;reclaiming開(kāi)拓,
開(kāi)墾;
pursuing從事,
進(jìn)行。句意:過(guò)去,大多數(shù)護(hù)林員都是男性,但今天,從事這一領(lǐng)域的女性人數(shù)正在攀升。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。
7.單選題
Everyonehasalegal(
)toprovidethetaxofficewithdetailsoftheirearnings.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.refinement
B.constriction
C.obligation
D.impulsion
【答案】C
【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)refinement“改進(jìn),改善”;B選項(xiàng)constriction“收縮,壓縮”;C選項(xiàng)obligation“義務(wù),職責(zé)”;D選項(xiàng)impulsion“沖動(dòng)”。
句意:每個(gè)人都有法律義務(wù)向稅務(wù)局提供他們收入的詳細(xì)情況。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。
8.翻譯題
洗手的時(shí)候,日子從水盆里過(guò)去;吃飯的時(shí)候,日子從飯碗里過(guò)去;默默時(shí),便從凝然的雙眼前過(guò)去。我覺(jué)察他去的匆匆了,伸出手遮挽時(shí),他又從遮挽著的手邊過(guò)去,天黑時(shí),我躺在床上,他便伶伶俐俐地從我身上跨過(guò),從我腳邊飛去了。等我睜開(kāi)眼和太陽(yáng)再見(jiàn),這算又溜走了一日。
【答案】【參考譯文】ThedayflowsawaythroughthesinkwhenIwashmyhands;vanishesinthericebowlwhenIhavemymeal;passesawayquietlybeforethefixedgazeofmyeyeswhenIamlostinreverie.Awareofitsfleetingpresence,Ireachoutforitonlytofinditbrushingpastmyoutstretchedhands.Intheevening,whenIlieonmybed,itnimblystridesovermybodyandflitspastmyfeet.BythetimewhenIopenmyeyestomeetthesunagain,anotherdayisalreadygone.Iheaveasigh,myheadburiedinmyhands.
9.單選題
Duringthepastgeneration,theAmericanmiddle-classfamilythatoncecouldcountonhardworkandfairplaytokeepitselffinanciallysecurehadbeentransformedbyeconomicriskandnewrealties.Nowapinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddleclasstonewlypoorinafewmonths.
Injustonegeneration,millionsofmothershavegonetowork,transformingbasicfamilyeconomics.Scholars,policymakers,andcriticsofallstripeshavedebatedthesocialimplicationsofthesechanges,butfewhavelookedatthesideeffect:familyriskhasrisenaswell.Today’sfamilieshavebudgetedtothelimitsoftheirnewtwo-paycheckstatus.Asaresult,theyhavelosttheparachutetheyoncehadintimesoffinancialsetback—aback-upearner(usuallyMom)whocouldgointotheworkforceiftheprimaryearnergotlaidofforfellsick.This“added-workereffect”couldsupportthesafetynetofferedbyunemploymentinsuranceordisabilityinsurancetohelpfamiliesweatherbadtimes.Buttoday,adisruptiontofamilyfortunescannolongerbemadeupwithextraincomefromanotherwise-stay-at-homepartner.
Duringthesameperiod,familieshavebeenaskedtoabsorbmuchmoreriskintheirretirementincome.Steelworkers,airlineemployees,andnowthoseintheautoindustryarejoiningmillionsoffamilieswhomustworryaboutinterestrates,stockmarketfluctuation,andtheharshrealitythattheymayoutlivetheirretirementmoney.Formuchofthepastyear,PresidentBushcampaignedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasaving-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.Foryoungerfamiliesthepictureisnotanybetter.Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen―andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.Evendemographicsareworkingagainstthemiddleclassfamily,astheoddsofhavingaweakelderlyparent—andalltheattendantneedforphysicalandfinancialassistance—havejumpedeightfoldinjustonegeneration.
Fromthemiddle-classfamilyperspective,muchofthis,understandably,looksfarlesslikeanopportunitytoexercisemorefinancialresponsibility,andagooddealmorelikeafrighteningaccelerationofthewholesaleshiftoffinancialriskontotheiralreadyoverburdenedshoulders.Thefinancialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbefarbehind.
1.Today’sdouble-incomefamiliesareatgreaterfinancialriskinthat(
).
2.AsaresultofPresidentBush’sreform,retiredpeoplemayhave(
).
3.Accordingtotheauthor,health-savingsplanswill(
).
4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat(
).
5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.thesafetynettheyusedtoenjoyhasdisappeared
B.theirchancesofbeinglaidoffhavegreatlyincreased
C.theyaremorevulnerabletochangesinfamilyeconomics
D.theyaredeprivedofunemploymentordisabilityinsurance
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.ahighersenseofsecurity
B.lesssecuredpayments
C.lesschancetoinvest
D.aguaranteedfuture
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.helpreducethecostofhealthcare
B.popularizeamongthemiddleclass
C.compensateforthereducedpensions
D.increasethefamilies’investmentrisk
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.financialriskstendtooutweighpoliticalrisks
B.themiddleclassmayfacegreaterpoliticalchallenges
C.financialproblemsmaybringaboutpoliticalproblems
D.financialresponsibilityisanindicatorofpoliticalstatus
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.TheMiddleClassontheAlert
B.TheMiddleClassontheCliff
C.TheMiddleClassinConflict
D.TheMiddleClassinRuins
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:C
第5題:B
【解析】1.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段“Nowapinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddleclasstonewlypoorinafewmonths.現(xiàn)在,一份解雇通知書(shū)、一個(gè)糟糕的診斷,或者配偶的消失,都可能在幾個(gè)月內(nèi)把一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭變成一個(gè)新的貧困家庭?!庇纱丝芍狢選項(xiàng)“他們更容易受家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)情況變化的影響”正確。
2.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第三段“Formuchofthepastyear,PresidentBushcampaignedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasaving-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.在過(guò)去一年的大部分時(shí)間里,布什總統(tǒng)致力于將社會(huì)保障轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閮?chǔ)蓄賬戶(hù)模式,即退休人員將他們的大部分或所有有保障的收入用于根據(jù)投資回報(bào)進(jìn)行交易?!庇纱丝芍狟選項(xiàng)“不安全的薪酬”正確。
3.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第三段“Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen―andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.醫(yī)療保健的絕對(duì)成本和家庭承擔(dān)的份額都上升了,而且新流行的醫(yī)療儲(chǔ)蓄計(jì)劃正從立法機(jī)構(gòu)蔓延到沃爾瑪員工,免賠額大大提高,家庭未來(lái)醫(yī)療保健的投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也增加了。”由此可知D選項(xiàng)“增加家庭的投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”正確。
4.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Thefinancialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbefarbehind.金融方面的影響已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,政治方面的影響可能也不遠(yuǎn)了?!庇纱丝芍狢選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題可能會(huì)帶來(lái)政治問(wèn)題”正確。
5.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章講述美國(guó)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭已經(jīng)被經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和新的現(xiàn)實(shí)所改變,面臨著一系列危機(jī),由此可判斷B項(xiàng)“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)在懸崖上”符合題意。
10.單選題
Peopleweresurprisedtofindthathehadtheabilityto()everythinghewasinvolvedin.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.precede
B.dominate
C.pervade
D.denominate
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)precede“領(lǐng)先,在……之前”,指在次序或地位上先于或高于;B項(xiàng)dominate“控制,支配”,指施加決定性、引導(dǎo)性影響于……;C項(xiàng)pervade“遍及,彌漫”,D項(xiàng)denominate“為……命名;把……稱(chēng)作……”。句意:人們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn),他有能力支配他所參與的一切。根據(jù)句意,該題選B正確。
11.單選題
Thedevil,astheoldsayinggoes,isinthedetails.Or,inthecaseofthenewEstonianlawsettingupanationalgeneticdatabank,thereisreasonforconcernthatthedevilmaygetinvolvedintheactualworkingsofthatcountry’sHumanGeneResearchAct.
Theauthorsofthe34-sectionacthavemadeaseriousefforttopreventmisuseofthedataandtoprotectgenedonors’rightsandprivacy.Participationintheprojectisstrictlyvoluntary,onthebasisofinformedconsent.Itwillbeillegaltoaskanyoneifheorsheisparticipatinginthefreeprogram.Peoplewon’tbepaidforprovidingatissuesample,medical,andfamilyhistorytotheEstonianGeneBank.Thatinformationisimmediatelygiven“auniquecodeconsistingofatleast16randomcharacters”.GeneticandmedicaldatabecomeandremainthepropertyoftheEstonianGeneBank—exceptthatindividualdonorshavetheright,“atanytime,”torequest“destructionofthedatawhichenablesdecoding.”
Theycanalsohavetheirsamplematerialsdestroyediftheiridentityhasbeenunlawfullydisclosed.
Donorsareentitledtotheirowngeneticdata,atnocharge,asaretheirdesignatedphysicians.Nooneelsehaslawfulaccesstothisinformation.Indeed,itisunlawfultoask—andtheactcontainsspecificparagraphsthatforbidemployersandinsurancecompaniestogathersuchinformation,ortotreat“peoplewithdifferentgeneticrisks”differentlyasemployeesorinsuranceclients.Geneticinformationmaybereleasedtoresearchers“onlyincodedform,asasetofdataandontheconditionthattissuesamplesordataconcerningatleastfivegenedonorsareissuedatatime.”
SupportersoftheprojectexpectthattheEstonianGeneBankwillbecomeafavoritesourceofinformationforresearchersassociatedwithbiotechnologyandpharmaceuticalcompaniesthatareexpectedtopayhandsomelyforaccesstothedecoded(andanonymous)information.SomefirmsareexpectedtosetupshopinEstonia,presumablyinorneartheUniversityCityofTartuwheremostEstoniangeneticistsliveandwork.Theprojectisexpectedto“putEstoniaonthemap”andleadtoaneconomicbonanzaforanewlyindependentcountrywithfewnaturalresources.
Noteverybodysharesthatview.Regardlessofthefavorablepollresults,anumberofobjectionshavebeenpublishedinEstonian-languagenewspapers.Theserangefromthesimplistic“Ifit’ssuchagreatidea,howcometheFrenchandGermansaren’tdoingitalready?”toargumentsthatthestart-upmoneycouldbespentonbetterthings.Somecommentatorsarealsoconcernedaboutprivacy.Informationinthedatabankcouldbeusedforblackmailandisthereadatabankintheworldthatistrulysecurefromhackers?Andwhataboutleaks?Allegationsofcorruptionareafactofpubliclifeinpost-Sovietindependentstates.Estonia’sscandalshavebeenlessluridthanthoseofotherstates,buttherehavebeenenoughtoengenderconsiderablecynicism,notjustaboutleakeddata,butalsoaboutpayoffswherelucrativecontractsareinvolved.
16.Thesaying“Thedevilisinthedetails”isusedtoimplythat________.
17.UnderEstonianlaw,donorsmayrequesttohavetheirtissuesamplesdestroyed________.
18.Thephrase“putEstoniaonthemap”(para.5)mostlikelymeans________.
19.Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat,inregardtothenewgeneticdatabank________.
20.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsEstonia’snewlawsgoverningthegeneticdatabankseemstobe________.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Estonia’snewgeneticdatabankhasimmoralimplications
B.whiletheoverallideaisgood,thedetailsofthegeneticbank’sworkingsareflawed
C.despitetheirefforts,thenewlawsmaynotpreventmisuseofgeneticdata
D.itisinherentlywrongtocollectgeneticdata
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.atanytime
B.iftheirsecretcodehasbeendecoded
C.iftheiridentityhasbeenrevealedillegally
D.withtheirphysician’sapproval
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.gaininternationalfamefortheEstoniangovernment
B.confirmEstonia’spost-Sovietindependence
C.gainrespectforgeneticsresearchconducted
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