考研考博-英語-東北林業(yè)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-東北林業(yè)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhistculturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan,howeverwasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodem,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.

KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNationalProduct(GNP).TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry’sprogressbypeople’shappiness.Ifthepeople’shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappiness(GNH).

GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.

NowthereissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthierandarelivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Twenty-fivepercentofthelandhasbecomenationalparks,andthecountryhasalmostnopollution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhasalsobecomeademocracy.In2008,KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadaking,ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpartiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally,Bhutanhasconnectedtotherestoftheworldthroughtelevisionandinternet.

Bhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,cultures,andland.

BrazilmaybethenestcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.BrazilianleadersseetheprinciplesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.IfhappinessworksasameasureofprogressinBrazil,perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow.

1.WhowasJigmeSingyeWangchuck?

2.ApartfrommodernizingBhutan,whatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoforBhutan?

3.AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPby（

）.

4.AccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappierifthey（

）.

5.Today,manycountriesare（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Apresident.

B.ABuddhistpriest.

C.Ageneral

D.Aking

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Tomakeitspopulationgrow.

B.Tokeepitseparatefromtheworld.

C.Toencourageitspeopletogetrich.

D.Tokeepitstraditionandcustoms

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.sellingmoreproducts

B.spendingmoremoney

C.spendinglessmoney

D.providingmorejobs

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.havenewtechnology

B.canchangetheirreligion

C.haveagood,stablegovernment

D.havemoremoney

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.usingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirprogress

B.workingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasureGNH

C.talkingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocialprogress

D.tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘吉格梅?辛格?旺楚克是誰?’。根據(jù)文章第一段中最后一句“anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutan—位名叫JigmeSingyeWangchuck國王的新的統(tǒng)治者決定幫助不丹王國”，所以D選項(xiàng)‘國王’正確

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘除了使不丹現(xiàn)代化，旺楚克還想為不丹做些什么?’。根據(jù)文章第一段中最后一句“anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodem,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.一位名叫吉格梅?辛格?旺楚克的新統(tǒng)治者決定幫助不丹成為現(xiàn)代化國家，但同時(shí)又不喪失其傳統(tǒng)?！贝_定D選項(xiàng)‘保持其傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗’正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘一個(gè)國家通過國民生產(chǎn)總值來顯示它的進(jìn)步通過……’。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.當(dāng)產(chǎn)品銷量增加時(shí)，人們說這個(gè)國家正在取得進(jìn)步?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)‘銷售更多的產(chǎn)品’正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘根據(jù)GNH，如果人們……，他們會(huì)更快樂’。在文章第三段，列舉了衡量GNH的多個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。只有C選項(xiàng)‘擁有一個(gè)良好、穩(wěn)定的政府’符合該段中的最后一句“peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.當(dāng)人們擁有一個(gè)良好、穩(wěn)定的政府時(shí)，他們會(huì)更快樂?！彼訡選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘如今，許多國家都…’。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的第二句和第三句“ManycountriesarcnowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.許多國家現(xiàn)在對(duì)不丹的GNH感興趣。這些國家正在研究自己衡量幸福的方法?！贝_定D選項(xiàng)‘試圖找到自己衡量幸福的方法’正確。

2.單選題

Atfirst,theresultsoftheexperimentseemed（

）,butfinallyapatternemerged.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.haphazard

B.grave

C.genuine

D.gullible

【答案】B

【解析】haphazard偶然的，隨意的；grave嚴(yán)肅的，暗淡的；genuine真正的，誠懇的；gullible易受騙的，輕信的。句意：起初，實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果似乎沒有起色，但最終出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)模式。選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

3.單選題

Peoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,（）andvulgar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquisitive

B.inquisitive

C.requisitive

D.prerequisitive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)acquisitive“貪婪的；想獲得的”；B選項(xiàng)inquisitive“好奇的；好問的”；C選項(xiàng)requisitive“需要的”；D選項(xiàng)prerequisitive“必要的；先決條件的”。句意：人們不能像以前那樣輕易而公開地坦承自己的夢(mèng)想，以免被人認(rèn)為愛出風(fēng)頭、貪婪而庸俗。acquisitive是acquire的形容詞形式，acquire有“獲得，取得”的意思，由此可推斷出acquisitive有“貪婪的；想獲得的”的意思，再由題干中的“pushing莽撞的”和“vulgar粗俗的”可知“貪婪的”符合語境，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

IamconfidentthatI’llprovetobeatremendous____toyourcompany.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.possession

B.asset

C.property

D.assumption

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.possession所有物；擁有B.asset有價(jià)值的人或事物

C.property財(cái)產(chǎn)D.assumption（責(zé)任的）承擔(dān)；（權(quán)力的）獲得

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句句意為“我相信我將成為貴公司的寶貴的____?！庇纱丝芍崭袼畹脑~指的是“我”這個(gè)人。因此，B選項(xiàng)asset“（~tosb/sth）有價(jià)值的人或事物”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)possession“所有物；擁有”，側(cè)重于指?jìng)€(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)或私人物品，或者inpossessionofsomething指擁有某物的狀態(tài)；

C選項(xiàng)property“財(cái)產(chǎn)”，指?jìng)€(gè)人或團(tuán)體合法擁有的財(cái)產(chǎn)，包括動(dòng)產(chǎn)與不動(dòng)產(chǎn)；

D選項(xiàng)assumption“（責(zé)任的）承擔(dān)；（權(quán)力的）獲得”，不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】我相信我將成為貴公司的寶貴財(cái)富。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

Itwouldbewrongtoidentifytherealwomanwiththetypicalwildonewho,afteradifficultchildhood,haslefthomeearlytolivebyherwitsattheexpenseofmen.Thewildwomanisincapableeitheroffriendshipforotherwomenwhomshecannotfailtoregardasrivals,orofloveforaman,herdeclaredenemy.Butatleastshekeepshereyesopenandridiculestheviewthatwomenmustenthusiasticallyacceptthisgloriousmodemworldofplentybestowedonthembytheirhard-workingmenfolk,andthattheyenjoybeingpassionatelysweptofftheirfeetandafterwardstreatedwithamusedindulgence.Therewasnever,ofcourse,anytruthinthecomic-striplegendofaprimitivehe-manwhowouldgrabhiswomanbythehair,threatenherwithaknobbedclubifsherefusedhisadvancesandhaulheroffpuntingecstaticallytohiscave.

Throughallofourhistorywehaveponderedthestarsandmusedwhetherhumanityisuniqueorif,somewhereelseinthedarkofthenightsky,thereareanyotherbeingswhocontemplateandwonderaswedo,fellowthinkersinthecosmos.Suchbeingsmightviewthemselvesandtheuniversedifferently.Theremightbeveryexoticbiologiesandtechnologiesandsocieties.Inacosmicsettingvastandoldbeyondordinaryhumanunderstanding,wearealittlelonely,andwepondertheultimatesignificance,ifany,ofourtinybutexquisiteblueplanet.Thesearchforextraterrestrialintelligenceisthesearchforagenerallyacceptablecosmiccontextforthehumanspecies.Inthedeepestsense,thesearchforextraterrestrialintelligenceisasearchforourselves.Alongwiththegrowingdedicationtoaserioussearch,aslightlynegativenotehasemergedwhichisneverthelessveryinteresting.Afewscientistshavelatelyaskedacuriousquestion:ifextraterrestrialintelligenceisabundant,whyhavewenotalreadyseenitsmanifestations?

【答案】將一個(gè)真正的女人和一個(gè)典型的瘋狂的女兒相提并論是錯(cuò)誤的。在經(jīng)歷苦難的童年后，她早早離開家，在沒有男人的情況下，憑借自己的智慧生存。瘋狂的女人既不能與她視為對(duì)手的其他女人建立友誼，也不能與她宣稱為敵人的男人產(chǎn)生愛情。但她至少讓自己保持清醒，嘲笑這樣兩種觀點(diǎn)：一種是女性必須熱情地接受這個(gè)由辛勤工作的男性同胞賦予她們的豐富多彩的現(xiàn)代世界；另一種是她們喜歡熱情地被人迷得神魂顛倒，然后被以開心的放縱方式對(duì)待。當(dāng)然，在連環(huán)畫里一個(gè)野蠻的男人在女人拒絕他的追求后，抓住她的頭發(fā)并用一個(gè)圓頭棍子威脅她，然后欣喜地把她拉到他的洞穴里去。

在歷史長河中，我們一直在思考星辰，思考人類是否是獨(dú)一無二的，或者是否有其他的生命，宇宙中的思考者在夜空下思索同樣的問題。這些人可能會(huì)以不同的視角看待自己和宇宙?？赡軙?huì)有外來的生物、技術(shù)和社會(huì)。在普通人類無法理解的浩瀚而又古老的宇宙中，我們有點(diǎn)孤獨(dú)，我們思索著這微小而又精致的藍(lán)色星球的終極意義。對(duì)地外文明的探索是人類普遍接受的對(duì)宇宙環(huán)境的探索。從最深層次的意義上來說，對(duì)地外文明的探索就是對(duì)我們自己的探索。隨著越來越多的人投入到這個(gè)嚴(yán)肅的探索中，一個(gè)稍微消極的聲音出現(xiàn)了，但是這樣的探索依然很有趣。最近少數(shù)科學(xué)家提出了一個(gè)奇怪的問題：如果地外文明豐富多彩，為什么我們現(xiàn)在還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)端倪？

6.單選題

Thereasonthathispropertywasconfiscatedbythecountry,it（）,wasthatliewasinvolvedinalotoffraudulentactivitiesduringthewar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasturnedout

B.turnedout

C.beingturnedout

D.wasbeingturnedout

【答案】B

【解析】句意:后來證明他的財(cái)產(chǎn)被國家沒收的原因是，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間他參與了欺詐活動(dòng)。

語法題。分析句子可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),固定搭配turnout“結(jié)果（證明）是”用主動(dòng)語態(tài)即可。

7.單選題

Speakersatgraduationceremoniesarealwaysamongthemost（

）membersofthe

community.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discouraged

B.dissatisfied

C.distinguished

D.disappointed

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。discouraged“氣餒的”；dissatisfied“不滿的”；distinguished“尊敬的”；disappointed“失望的”。句意：畢業(yè)典禮上的發(fā)言人都是團(tuán)體中最受尊敬的成員。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

“Whichcoatdidyourhusbandbuy?”“Theblackone,butI（）thegreenone.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldratherhavebought

B.wouldratherbuy

C.wouldhaveratherbought

D.ratherhadbought

【答案】A

【解析】句意:“你的丈夫買了哪一件外套？”“黑色的那件外套，但我寧愿買綠色的那件?！?/p>

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。這里表示對(duì)過去已發(fā)生事情的假設(shè),所以表示對(duì)過去的虛擬:wouldratherhave+done。故選A。

9.單選題

Thepolicehavebeeninterviewingpeopleintheareainthehopethatitwill（）furtherinformationaboutthecrime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unload

B.reveal

C.endow

D.yield

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析題。unload

卸下,

擺脫負(fù)擔(dān)；reveal揭露；endow賦予；yield屈服。句意：警方一直在采訪該地區(qū)的人,

希望能夠揭露更多有關(guān)這個(gè)犯罪事件的信息。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.單選題

Thefoodwasdivided（）accordingtotheageandsizeofthechild.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.equally

B.individually

C.sufficiently

D.proportionally

【答案】B

【解析】句意：食物是根據(jù)孩子的年齡和大小單獨(dú)分開的。選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

11.單選題

（）thelivestheystole,ourenemiesfailedtostopusfromachievingasingleoneofourstrategicobjectivesinIraq.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Butfor

B.Forall

C.Asfor

D.Whatfor

【答案】B

【解析】考查語義關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)butfor“要不是、如果沒有”；B選項(xiàng)forall“盡管、雖然”；C選項(xiàng)asfor“至于、關(guān)于”；D選項(xiàng)whatfor“為什么、為何目的”，句意為：盡管敵人奪走了我們的生命，但他們沒能阻止我們實(shí)現(xiàn)在伊拉克的任何一個(gè)戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

HamiltonhopedforanationofcitieswhileJeffersoncontentedthatthecountryshouldremainchieflyagricultural.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inclined

B.struggled

C.argued

D.competed

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。漢密爾頓希望建立一個(gè)工業(yè)化國家，而杰佛遜則認(rèn)為農(nóng)業(yè)是國之根本。incline傾斜，點(diǎn)頭，易于。struggle奮斗，努力。argue主張，認(rèn)為。compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，比賽。content贊成。故選C。

13.單選題

Mostof

whatBillsaidwas（）;onlyone

ortwominorpointshemadewerenotcloselyconnectedwiththematterbeing

discussed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reliable

B.relative

C.related

D.relating

【答案】B

【解析】reliable可靠的；relative指相較的；related指相關(guān)的；relating是動(dòng)詞relate的分詞形式。句意：比爾講的大多都很切題,只有一兩點(diǎn)與主題關(guān)系不是很緊密。選項(xiàng)B正確。

14.單選題

TheFDAwascreatedto（）thesafetyofproducts,reviewapplicationsandgrantapprovals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manipulate

B.adjust

C.regulate

D.manage

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)manipulate“操縱，操作”，B項(xiàng)adjust“調(diào)整”，C項(xiàng)regulate“調(diào)節(jié)，控制”，D項(xiàng)manage“管理，經(jīng)營”；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞safetyofproduct（產(chǎn)品的安全性）和后面的review（檢查）以及grant（承認(rèn)，允許）可推斷，空格部分表示“控制，規(guī)范”。句意：FDA的成立是為了監(jiān)管產(chǎn)品的安全性，審查申請(qǐng)和批準(zhǔn)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Manyinnovativebreakthroughscomeaboutwhenpeopleventurebeyondtheirownareasofexpertise,becauseoftenittakesanoutsidertoaskthenaivequestionthatmayyield_______solution.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aconstructive

B.anunconventional

C.anagreeable

D.apractical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)constructive“有建設(shè)性的”；B選項(xiàng)unconventional“非傳統(tǒng)的；不依慣例的”；C選項(xiàng)agreeable“愉悅的；欣然同意的；可以接受的”；D選項(xiàng)practical“實(shí)際的；實(shí)用的”。句意：當(dāng)人們?cè)谧约旱膶I(yè)領(lǐng)域之外冒險(xiǎn)時(shí)，許多創(chuàng)新的突破會(huì)出現(xiàn)，因?yàn)橥ǔＰ枰粋€(gè)局外人來問一個(gè)天真的問題，而這問題可能產(chǎn)生_______解決方案。根據(jù)語境，這里指新人會(huì)問聽起來很外行的問題，但就是這種問題引出解決方案，新人問的問題通常unconventional“非傳統(tǒng)的；不依慣例的”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

“John's（）wasirritating.Hewasreluctanteventobuybread”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.jealousy

B.soreness

C.luck

D.parsimony

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)后半句Hewasreluctanteventobuybread.（他甚至連買個(gè)面包都很不情愿）可知，他是相當(dāng)吝嗇。A選項(xiàng)為“嫉妒”；B選項(xiàng)為“悲傷，痛苦”；C選項(xiàng)為“幸運(yùn)”；D項(xiàng)“吝嗇的，過度節(jié)儉”，因此，D項(xiàng)是正確答案。

17.單選題

Ithinkitadvisablethathe（

）Tokyosoon.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willleave

B.mayleave

C.leave

D.leaves

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由“itisnecessary/important/advisable/anxious/essential...”等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句中要用虛擬語氣（即should+動(dòng)詞原形或只用動(dòng)詞原形）知C項(xiàng)“l(fā)eave”正確。

18.單選題

heflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement,（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichencouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

B.whichencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

C.encouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

D.thatencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。本句考查非限制性定語從句。主句是Theflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement，后面which作為關(guān)系代詞指代thefeministmovement，在從句中作為主語，意思是“女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)女性去提高她們?cè)诰蜆I(yè)市場(chǎng)的技能”，故正確答案選B。

19.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.

Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek'ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworrytriflingthingsattheweekend.

【答案】一個(gè)人，為了活的真正開心和踏實(shí)，至少要培養(yǎng)兩到三項(xiàng)興趣。而且必須是真正的興趣。到了晚年才說:“我對(duì)這感興趣，對(duì)那也感興趣”，已經(jīng)沒有什么必要了。這種愿望只能加劇精神緊張。一個(gè)人也許在其非工作領(lǐng)域也同樣是學(xué)富五車，但是，也很難從中得到什么益處或慰藉。

做你喜歡的事一般沒有什么用;要學(xué)會(huì)熱愛自己的職業(yè)。泛泛講來，人可以劃分為三類:勞累至死的人;憂慮至死的人;厭煩至死的人。讓一個(gè)體力勞動(dòng)者在周末下午踢足球或打棒球來放松是毫無意義的，因?yàn)橐恢艿男羷谝呀?jīng)令他們精疲力竭了。讓那些為大事持續(xù)操勞或費(fèi)心了六天的政界人士、專業(yè)人員或商界人士，在周日，繼續(xù)為雞毛蒜皮的小事勞神，這也同樣也是于事無補(bǔ)的。

20.單選題

Terrorismprovestobeamoreseriousproblemthananticipated,anditchallengesbothpolicymakersburdenedwiththedesignofcountermeasuresandsocialscientistswhoarecalledupontoexplainitTerrorism’suniquenatureisrevealedbytwophenomena.First,publicperceptionofthreatanddangerseemstobedisproportionatetoterrorists’actualcapabilities.Second,terrorism,morethananyotherformofwarfare,hasanimpactonatargetgroupimmenselylargerthanthatoftheimmediatevictimsandoftenonpopulationsbeyondthatterrorismbearsprimarilyonindividuals’perceptions,onthe“publicmind”;inotherwords,itisaformofpsychologicalwarfare.

Thepsychologicalimpactsofpoliticalterrorismarepotentiallymanifestinindividuals’emotionalandattitudinalresponses.Intherealmofemotions,thefearandconcernforpersonalsafety,whichterrortacticsmightgiveriseto,isarevealingindicatoroftheireffectiveness.Onecouldargue,ofcourse,thatterrorists’abilitytosowwidespreadfearhardlyneedsproofasitisobviousthatviolenceandparticularlytheterrorists’hallmark,randomlytargetedviolence,areanxietyinducing.Itshouldbenoted,however,thatterrorismhasclaimedrelativelyfewcasualtiestodate,andthatinmostcountriestheactualprobabilityofincurringharmfromterroristicactivityisonlyafractionof,say,theriskofdeathorinjuryinvehicleaccidentsorcommoncrimes.Hence,thepowerofterrorismtointimidateshouldnotbetakenforgranted.

Intimidationandtheinductionoffeararenottheendsofterrorists’activitybutrathermeanstoeffectpoliticalchange.Theirviolenceispredicatedontwoassumptions:(a)Violentactioncanforcethecausespursuedbyterroristsintotheforefrontofanindifferentpublic’sawareness;(b)facedwiththechoicebetweencontinuingviolenceandacceptanceoftheterrorists’demands,thepublicmightoptforthelatter.Thus,theattitudesthatthetargetsofpoliticalterrorismdeveloptowarditsperpetrators,theirobjectives,andtheactionsthatoughttobeundertakenvisrd-visthemconstitutetellingmeasuresoftheeffectivenessofterrorism.

Thepresentinvestigationsoughttoassessthepsychologicalreactionsofapublicwhichhasbeenexposedforaconsiderablelengthoftimetothethreatsandactionsofterrorist.Regardingemotionalimpacts,thedatasuggestthatterrorism’sabilitytointimidate,toinduceworryandconcern,disproportionallyexceedstheactualdamageitcauses.Accordingtothedatagathered,theactualprobabilityofbeingvictimizedbyterroristactivitywasextremelylow;estimatedatlessthan1/20ofthelikelihoodofbeinghurtinaroadaccident.Yetalargemajorityoftherespondentsexpressedworryabouttheriskofpersonallyincurringtheconsequencesofterrorism.Itmightbeuncontrollabilitydramaticallyenhanceitsimpact.Thus,whiletheriskofvehicledrivingmightbefargreaterthanthedangerofterrorism,thecardriverisusuallyreassuredbyasubjectivefeelingofcontrolwhichthepotentialvictimofterrorismlacks.

Thesurveyresultsindicatethatterrorismhasfailedtoproducethechangeinattitudessoughtbyitsperpetrators.Mostrespondentsfavored,instead,therelianceonextremecounterterroristmeasures.ThehardeningofIsraelisattitudestowardterroristsandtheirobjectiveswasalsorevealedbytherespondents’unanimityofopinion.Takentogether,thedataconcerningtheemotionalimpactofterrorismanditseffectsonattitudesdidnotbearouttherationalewhichgovernsterroristicaction.Despitethewidespreadconcernandworryrevealedbythesedata,therewasnoevidenceofanywillingnesstopoliticallyconcedetoterrorists.Onthecontrary,andasalreadynoted,themajorityadvocatedtheadoptionofharshmeasuresagainstterrorists.Thus,atleastinsofarasPalestinianterrorismandtheIsraelipublicareconcerned,provestobecounterproductive.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutterrorism?

2.Theauthorstatesthatinjuryordeathismorelikelytobesustainedfromautomobileaccidentsthanbyterrorism,andfromthiswecanconcludethat（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,fearofterrorismisintensifiedby

（

）.

4.Theauthorcomparespublicperceptionofthethreatofterrorismtotheriskofvehicleinjuryordeathinorderto

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor’sconclusions?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Publicfearisinverselyaffectedbyterrorists’capacityfordestruction.

B.Resolvingtheproblemofterrorismrequirescooperationbetweengovernmentsandterrorists.

C.Terrorismincitesfearinpopulationsbesidesthattargetedandonagreaterscale.

D.Terrorismisaninevitabilityandmustbeeradicated.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.terrorismisirrelevantandmoretimeandeffortshouldbeallottedtoothersocialdemands

B.theefficacyofterrorismcanbewitnessedbytheemotionalresponseofthepublic

C.anxietyresultingfromterrorismshouldbeclinicallytreated

D.thepsychologicaleffectsofterrorismareinferiortothatofvehicleaccidents

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theseeminglyhaphazardandunsystematicattacks

B.theincreasedrisksofpersonalinjurybyterrorism

C.ever-collapsingsocialorderduetoendlessglobalterrorattacks

D.theinabilityofgovernmenttocontrolterrorism

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.furtherevaluatethedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenthetwo

B.showthatoneismorelikelytodiefromdailyroutinesthanbyterrorism

C.revealtheinabilityofapersontoinfluencetheoutcomeofaterrorattack

D.exemplifychaostheoryandrevealtheconsequencesofeachact

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheobjectivesofterroristsaremetwithpublicdisdainandasaresulttheIsraeligovernmentandIsraelishaveadoptedstringentactiontocounterterrorism.

B.TheIsraelipublicunanimouslybelievedthatthegovernmentshouldconcedetoterrorists’demands,andthegovernmentshouldadoptpoliciesinfavorofterroristsinordertoreduceviolence.

C.Terroristsshouldbepunishedstrictlyandswiftlywithlittleregardfortheterrorists’autonomywhenconcerningimprisonmentandtorture.

D.Israelipublicperceptionofterrorismhasnotchanged,andharshmeasuresforcounterterrorismmustbeadopted;however,governmentsshouldtrytoworkwithterroristgroupswhereapplicabletoreducecasualties.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。文章第一段提到“Second,terrorism,morethananyotherformofwarfare,hasanimpactonatargetgroupimmenselylargerthanthatoftheimmediatevictimsandoftenonpopulationsbeyondthatterrorismbearsprimarilyonindividuals’perceptions,onthe‘publicmind’”，恐怖主義對(duì)目標(biāo)群體的影響遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于對(duì)直接受害者的影響，它是對(duì)“民心”施加影響。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。文章第二段第一句說到“Thepsychologicalimpactsofpoliticalterrorismarepotentiallymanifestinindividuals’emotionalandattitudinalresponses.Intherealmofemotions,thefearandconcernforpersonalsafety,whichterrortacticsmightgiveriseto,isarevealingindicatoroftheireffectiveness.”由此可知恐怖主義的心理影響體現(xiàn)在每個(gè)人的情緒和態(tài)度反應(yīng)上。B選項(xiàng)表示“公眾的情緒反應(yīng)可以證明恐怖主義的效力”符合題意。

第3題:3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第四段說到“Yetalargemajorityoftherespondentsexpressedworryabouttheriskofpersonallyincurringtheconsequencesofterrorism.Itmightbeuncontrollabilitydramaticallyenhanceitsimpact.”大部分人很擔(dān)心恐怖主義帶來的人身傷害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這加劇了恐怖主義對(duì)人們的心理影響。B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:4.判斷推理題。第四段最后一句說到了兩者比較“Thus,whiletheriskofvehicledrivingmightbefargreaterthanthedangerofterrorism,thecardriverisusuallyreassuredbyasubjectivefeelingofcontrolwhichthepotentialvictimofterrorismlacks.”盡管交通事故比恐怖主義事件的危險(xiǎn)大得多，但司機(jī)覺得自己能控制車輛，而恐怖襲擊事件卻是不可控的。C選項(xiàng)“揭示了個(gè)人對(duì)恐怖事件的無能為力”符合題意。

第5題:5.主旨大意題。文章最后一段做出了總結(jié)，沒有證據(jù)表明會(huì)對(duì)恐怖主義做出政治讓步的意愿，大多數(shù)人主張對(duì)恐怖主義分子采取嚴(yán)厲措施。以色列對(duì)恐怖主義及其目的的強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度與受訪者觀點(diǎn)一致。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

21.單選題

InauguratedasecondtimeonMarch4,1901,（

）focusedondomesticratherthanforeignpolicies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.WilliamMcKinley’snewtermlookedforwardtoand

B.thenewtermlookedforwardtoWilliamMcKinleyand

C.lookingforwardtoanewtermwasWilliamMcKinley

D.WilliamMcKinleylookedforwardtoanewterm

【答案】D

【解析】句意:威廉?麥金利于1901年3月4日第二次就職，他期待一個(gè)新的主要集中于國內(nèi)事務(wù)而不是外交政策的階段。

語法題。考查動(dòng)詞過去分詞。句中前半句Inaugurated為Inaugurat的過去分詞作時(shí)間狀語。因此后半句為主句,而且主語為人,排除B、C。A項(xiàng)中l(wèi)ookforwardto后而應(yīng)跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞。故選D。

22.單選題

Glassthathasbeentemperedmaybeupto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fivetimesashardasordinaryglass

B.ashardasordinaryglassfivetimes

C.hardasordinaryglassasfivetimes

D.asfivetimeshardordinaryglass

【答案】A

【解析】語法題?？疾楸稊?shù)表達(dá)：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+as+其它。句意：鋼化玻璃的硬度可能是普通玻璃的五倍。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

FilmCriticMarkAdamslooksbackoverthelasttenyearsofhisworkasafilmcriticforanewspapercalledTheFrontPageWritingarticlesaboutfilmsforTheFrontPagewasmyfirstproperjoB.BeforethenIhaddonebitsofreviewing—novelsforothernewspapers,filmsforamagazineandanythingIwasaskedtodofortheradio.ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.Hehiredme,butTomwasnotprimarilyajournalist,orhewouldcertainlyhavebeenmorecarefulinchoosinghisstaff.

Atfirst,hisideawasthatateamofcriticsshouldtakecareoftheartformsthatdidn'trequirespecialize