考研考博-英語-北京電影學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京電影學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Mr.Smithissupposed（）forItalylastweek.

問題1選項

A.tohaveleft

B.havingleft

C.toleave

D.tobeleaving

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。besupposedtodosth.為固定用法,

意為應該做某事,

所以首先排除選項B。選項A表示“已經(jīng)離開”,

選項C表示“準備離開”,

選項D表示“正在離開”。根據(jù)句意：史密斯先生應該上個星期就已經(jīng)離開去意大利了,

選項A符合句意。

2.單選題

Thepresidentpaid_______tothefiremenwhohadfoughttheblaze,sayingtheirbraveryhadsavedcountlesslives.

問題1選項

A.attention

B.heed

C.grief

D.tribute

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“attention”，意為注意力，關(guān)心；B選項“heed”，意為“注意，聽從”；C選項“grief”，意為“悲痛，憂傷”；D選項“tribute”意為“致敬，悼念”，句意：總統(tǒng)向滅火的消防隊員致敬，稱贊他們的勇敢拯救了無數(shù)生命。因此，D選項符合句意。

3.單選題

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow."Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,"saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaround5%ayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85%ofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwould'vehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension（）.

2.Iftheretiree'spensionislessthan$5,000,itiswiseofhimto（）.

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?

問題1選項

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

問題2選項

A.askthecompanyforalump-sumpayout

B.requirehisformerbosstofigureoutthevalueofhispension

C.takethepensionwithhimandmakeaprofitoutofit

D.collectthepensionathisretirementplan'snormalretirementage

問題3選項

A.earnlessinterest

B.bebetteroilthanwithatraditionalpension

C.startinvestmentimmediately

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits

問題4選項

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed

B.LeaveEarly,LoseBig

C.TheRetirementDilemma

D.TakethePensionwithYou

問題5選項

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlostbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第一段You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow以及第二段Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.可知，如果你之前的工作有傳統(tǒng)養(yǎng)老金，那么退休之后你就得到一筆一定數(shù)目的養(yǎng)老金。故本題正確答案為D選項

2.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問：如果退休人員的養(yǎng)老金賬戶不足5000美元，他怎么做會比較明智。根據(jù)原文第二段Ifit’slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000可知，如果少于5000美元，或者公司提供一次性支付，那么就會關(guān)閉養(yǎng)老金賬戶，把錢取出來做20年額投資，以8%的利率計算就是23000美元。由此可知C選項“拿著養(yǎng)老金（投資）賺取利潤”最符合題意，故本題正確答案為C項。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.可知，如果你有固定繳款計劃，而你提前退休了，那么問題就出現(xiàn)了。你開始把錢花在本可以賺取利息的投資項目上。后面舉例說明：如果你在55歲時退休，然后開始使用傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老金，那么到65歲時，你的養(yǎng)老金只有你一直工作到65歲時的一半左右。由此可知，A選項“賺得的利息變少”最符合題意，故本題正確答案為A項。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問：下列哪一項適合作為最后三段的小標題？分析原文可知，文章最后三段主要講的是提前退休與養(yǎng)老金的關(guān)系，過早退休開始使用養(yǎng)老金，會比工作到正常退休年齡損失大。因此，B選項“提前退休，損失巨大”最適合作為最后三段的標題，故本題正確答案為B項。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問：下列哪一項表述不正確？選項B表示“如果一個人了解退休養(yǎng)老汁劃的運行機制，那么提前退休是劃算的”明顯錯誤，由最后一段可知，提前退休會造成養(yǎng)老金減少，所以提前退休損失很大。其余選項與原文表述均相符，故本題正確答案為B選項。

4.單選題

Doyouhaveany（

）aboutwhatlivingbeingsonotherplanetswouldbelike?

問題1選項

A.ideal

B.comprehension

C.notion

D.intelligence

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。ideal“理想”；comprehension“理解力”；notion“觀念，意見”；intelligence“智力”。句意：你能想象出其它星球上的生物是什么樣的嗎？選項C符合題意。

5.翻譯題

出發(fā)前，我曾經(jīng)和著陸器一起學習過人類探月的歷史。在已經(jīng)有過的130次探月活動中，成功和失敗的比例差不多各占一半。

太空探索就是這樣，有多美就有多危險，而我不過是人類對太空探索的超級大圖中，小小的一個點。

這里的太陽已經(jīng)落下，溫度下降得真快。今天說了好多，但總覺得還不夠。告訴大家一個秘密，其實我不覺得特別難過。我只是在自己的探險故事里，和所有的男主角一樣，也遇到了一點問題：晚安地球，晚安人類。

【答案】答：

Beforedeparture,Istudiedthehistoryoflunarexplorationwiththelander.Abouthalfofthepast130explorationsendedinsuccess;therestendedinfailure.

Thisisspaceexploration;thedangercomeswithitsbeauty.Iambutatinydotinthevastpictureofmankind’sadventureinspace.

Thesunhasfallen,andthetemperatureisdroppingsoquickly.I’vesaidalottoday,butIdon’tthinkit’senough.Totellyouallasecret,Idon’tfeelthatsad.Iwasjustinmyownadventurestory,andlikeeveryhero,Iencounteredasmallproblem.Goodnight,Earth.Goodnight,humanity.

6.單選題

Tohandlethedelicatesituation,youmustbe______.

問題1選項

A.carefullyenough

B.enoughcarefully

C.morethancareful

D.morecarefully

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。morethan用于形容詞或副詞前，意思為“非常；十分”。根據(jù)be動詞后接形容詞確定C選項morethancareful“非常小心”正確。其余選項中carefully是副詞，不放在be動詞后面。句意：要處理這個微妙的局面，你必須非常小心。C選項符合題意。因此C選項正確。

7.單選題

Sheisthemost（）secretaryI’veeverhad.

問題1選項

A.efficient

B.effective

C.industrial

D.practiced

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項efficient“有效率的；有能力的；生效的”，B選項effective“有效的，起作用的；實際的”，C選項industrial“工業(yè)的，產(chǎn)業(yè)的”，D選項practiced“熟練的；有經(jīng)驗的；老練的”；然后看到題干：她是為我效力過的最（）的秘書?？梢钥闯鲋挥蠥帶進去最符合，她應該是效率高，能力高的秘書，因此A選項符合題意。

8.單選題

InBritainpeople______morethanfourmilliontonsofpotatoeseveryyear.

問題1選項

A.swallow

B.dispose

C.consume

D.exhaust

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項swallow“忍受；吞沒；吞下；咽下”；B選項dispose“安置，安排；使……傾向于做；使對……產(chǎn)生某種感覺；扔掉，清除；應付，處理；擊敗”；C選項consume“消耗，消費；使……著迷；揮霍；耗盡（多指資源、財力的消耗），毀滅；耗盡生命”；D選項exhaust“使筋疲力盡；耗盡（多指體力的耗盡）；徹底探討；排出”。句意：在英國，人們每年要消耗400多萬噸土豆。因此C選項正確。

9.單選題

Theathletehasbeenaccusedof（）hisperformancewithillegaldrugs,buthefirmlydeniesthecharges.

問題1選項

A.enhancing

B.tendering

C.diluting

D.dispensing

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項enhancing“提高”；B選項tendering“提議”；C選項diluting“稀釋”；D選項dispensing“配發(fā)”。句意：這位運動員被指控使用違禁藥物提高成績，但他堅決否認這些指控。本句表示提高成績。因此A選項正確。

10.單選題

Inthe（）chapters,theprofessorhastracedtheredefinitionofBritain'sglobalpositioninrecentdecades.

問題1選項

A.obsolete

B.abiding

C.preceding

D.wielding

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。obsolete廢棄的，老舊的；abiding永久的，持久的，不變的；preceding在前的，前述的；wielding運用。句意：在前幾章中，這位教授追溯了近幾十年來英國全球地位的重新定義。選項C符合句意。

11.單選題

Improvementsinqualitycontroltechniqueshaveresultedinmorehigh-qualityproductswithveryfew______.

問題1選項

A.failures

B.defects

C.routes

D.spots

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。failures“失敗”；defects“缺點”；routes“路線”；spots“斑點”。句意：質(zhì)量控制技術(shù)的改進使產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量更高，缺陷更少。選項B符合題意。

12.單選題

Afterseveralnucleardisasters,a（

）hasragedoverthesafetyofnuclearenergy.

問題1選項

A.quarrel

B.suspicion

C.controversy

D.verdict

【答案】C

【解析】句意:發(fā)生幾次核災難之后，關(guān)于核能安全的問題引發(fā)了一場激烈的爭論。

名詞辨析。quarrel吵架,口角;suspicion懷疑,疑心;controversy爭論,辯論;verdict（陪審團的）裁定。故C符合句意。

13.單選題

13.

問題1選項

A.Itisonlyacough.

B.it’saminorillness.

C.Itstartedtwoweeksago.

D.It’sextremelyserious.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Howlongcouldyouhavethesesymptoms?

W:Oh,Ihavethecoughfortwoweeks,butfeelingilljustseemtopastafewdays.

Q:Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sillness?

【解析】女士說：Ihavethecoughfortwoweeks，即咳嗽是兩周前開始的。

14.單選題

Thegirlwasso______thattheycouldfoolhereasily.

問題1選項

A.incredible

B.credible

C.credulous

D.creditable

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.incredible不能相信的；難以置信的B.credible可信的；可靠的

C.credulous輕信的；易受騙的D.creditable值得贊揚的；應當認可的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句theycouldfoolhereasily（他們很容易就能騙過她）可知，這個女孩很容易上當受騙，故該題選擇C項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D項不符合句意。

【句意】那個女孩很容易上當，他們很容易就能騙過她。

15.單選題

Beforeitcouldberesolvedthroughanewcentralizationofdynasticpowerunderanewmandate,theintellectualcrisisoftheConfucianbeliefsbroughtonbytheimpactoftheWestunderminedthesocialorderitself,whichwasmademorevulnerablebythe（）ofitspoliticalinstitutions.

問題1選項

A.functional

B.malpractice

C.integration

D.disintegration

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞以及形容詞詞義辨析。A選項functional“功能的”；B選項malpractice“玩忽職守”；C選項integration“集成，綜合”；D選項disintegration“瓦解，崩潰”。題干說到，西方?jīng)_擊了孔子思想指示破壞了秩序的本事，可推測空中應該填入一個表示壞結(jié)果的詞，A，C可排除。B選項在不符合題意，也可排除。句意：在它可以通過新的王朝權(quán)力集中來解決之前，西方影響所帶來的儒家信仰的知識危機破壞了社會秩序本身，它因其政治機構(gòu)的……而變得更加脆弱。因此D選項正確。

16.單選題

TheCubangovernmentreleasedtheAmericancontractorAlanGrosson“humanitariangrounds”onWednesdayafterfiveyearsofcaptivity,anAmericangovernmentofficialsaid,（）apotentialthawindecadesoftenserelationswiththeUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.topavethewayfor

B.pavingthewayfor

C.pavingthewayto

D.topavethewayto

【答案】B

【解析】語法和固定搭配。根據(jù)題意，空格前一句提到的事情是空格后事情的原因，前后存在因果關(guān)系，所以空格中應該填入一個非謂語動詞充當結(jié)果狀語，選用動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語，可排除選項A和D。根據(jù)固定搭配pavethewayfor“為......鋪好道路，為......做好準備”。句意：為與美國幾十年關(guān)系的緩解做好了準備。選項B符合題意。

17.單選題

Ⅸ.(LitigationProcedure)

Arelatedconsequenceofthetrial’sdisappearancewouldbetheincreasingbureaucratizationofAmericansociety.Corporatebureaucraciesrationallyorganizedtoachieveprofitmaximizationwouldbelessqualified.Wewouldhavetorelymorecompletelyonouroftenpoliticallybeleagueredadministrativeagenciestocontrolthelatter.Andevenwithinthelegalsystemitself,formalisticmodesofadjudication,whichparallelbureaucraticdecision-making,wouldbelessqualified.Bureaucraticmodesofsocialorderingseek“toexcludequestionsofvalueorpreferenceasobviouslyirrelevanttotheadministrativetask,anditwouldviewrelianceonnonreplicable,nonreviewablejudgmentorintuitionasasingularlyunattractivemethodfordecision”.InsofarasabureaucraticapparatusgrindsforwardmechanicallyandinexorablywemayendupwithwhatHannahArendthasfamouslycalledanirresponsible“rulebynobody”.

Itisunlikely,however,inmanycasesthatgeneralrulesreallydodecideparticularcases.Insteadofamechanicalsystemdecidingcasesdeductively,whatwewillprobablyhaveinmanycasesarejudgesdecidingcasesintheintersticesofcomplexruleswhichdonotthemselvesdecidethecase.Unlikethedevicesofthetrial,whichcanreally“getinside”thedecision-makerandwhosemoralsourcesactuallycantrumpthesubjectivityofalonedecision-maker,complexpatternsofjurisdictional,procedural,evidentiary,andsubstantiverulescaninvitemanipulationbyaCartesianjudgeviewingthoserulesfromadistance.Afterall,asJudgePosner,putit,“Thereisalmostnolegaloutcomethatareallyskillfullegalanalystcannotcoveroverwithlegalvarnish(漆)”atleast“whenthelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused”.Thegrimpicturethatthusemergesfromthetrial’sdisappearanceisabureaucratizedworldwheretherunofcasesaregroundoutbyanirresponsiblemechanismandtheremainingcases“whenthelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused”bytheuntutoredsubjectivityorpoliticalcommitmentsofthejudge.Thereisanothereffectofthedecliningimportanceofpublicprocessesofadjudication.

Wearecontinuingtoloseamajorsourceofpublicinformationonimportantquestionsofgeneralconcern.“Aslongascourtscontinuetobeplacesthatprovidepublicdatainvolumeandkindoutstrippingthatproducedaboutadjudicationinadministrativeagencies,andaslongasprivateprovidersdonotregularlydisseminateinformationaboutorprovideaccesstotheirprocesses,”then“withthedecliningtrialratecomesadiminutionofpublicknowledgeofdisputes,ofthebehaviorofjudges，andoftheforginginpublicofnormativeresponsestodiscord.”

83.Theunderlinedsentencemeansthatbureaucraticmodesofsocialordering___.

84.ThestatementclosestinmeaningtoJudgePosner’sstatementis___.

85.Whencourtscontinuetobeplacesthatprovidepublicdata,thedecliningtrialratedoesNOTcomewith___.

86.Accordingtotheauthor,whatwillNOThappeniftrialdisappearsintheUnitedStates?

問題1選項

A.donotlookintovalueorpreferencebutratherrelyonjudgmentorintuitionwhenmakingdecision

B.havenothingtodowithvalueorpreference

C.areakindofadministrativetask

D.relyonjudgmentorintuition

問題2選項

A.Areallyskillfullegalanalystcanalwayscoveroverhimself

B.Askillfuljudgecanalwaysfindalegalreasonforhisjudgment

C.Thelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused

D.Legalvarnishcancoveroverlegaloutcome

問題3選項

A.decreaseofpublicknowledgeofdisputes

B.diminutionofpublicinformationregardingjudges’behavior

C.growthofforginginpublicofnormativeresponsestodiscord

D.lesseningofpublicawarenessofforginginpublicofnormativeresponsestodiscord

問題4選項

A.Formalisticmodesofadjudicationwouldbelessqualified.

B.Corporatebureaucracieswouldbecomelessqualified.

C.Peoplewouldhavetorelymorecompletelyonadministrativeagencies.

D.Bureaucraticdecision-makingwouldbequalified.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】83.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到劃線句子Bureaucraticmodesofsocialorderingseek“toexcludequestionsofvalueorpreferenceasobviouslyirrelevanttotheadministrativetask,anditwouldviewrelianceonnonreplicable,nonreviewablejudgmentorintuitionasasingularlyunattractivemethodfordecision”.（社會秩序的官僚模式尋求“排除與行政任務明顯無關(guān)的價值或偏好問題，并將依賴不可復制、不可審查的判斷或直覺視為一種非常沒有吸引力的決策方法”）可知官僚模式將直覺視為決策方法，選A選項“不考慮價值或偏好，而是依靠判斷或直覺做決定”；B選項“與價值或偏好無關(guān)”，C選項“是一種行政任務”以及D選項“依靠判斷或直覺”和原文不符。因此A選項正確。

84.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“JudgePosner”定位到原文第二段Afterall,asJudgePosner,putit,“Thereisalmostnolegaloutcomethatareallyskillfullegalanalystcannotcoveroverwithlegalvarnish(漆)”atleast“whenthelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused”.（畢竟，正如波斯納法官所說，“幾乎沒有法律的結(jié)果是一個非常熟練的法律分析師不能用法律粉飾掩蓋的”，至少“當法律是不確定的和情緒激動的時候”）可知選C選項“法律是不確定的和情緒激動的”；A選項“一個真正有技巧的法律分析師總能掩飾自己”，B選項“一個有經(jīng)驗的法官總能為他的判決找到合法的理由”以及D選項“法律粉飾可以掩蓋法律結(jié)果”不符合原文。因此C選項正確。

85.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“thedecliningtrialrate”定位到原文最后一段“withthedecliningtrialratecomesadiminutionofpublicknowledgeofdisputes,ofthebehaviorofjudges，andoftheforginginpublicofnormativeresponsestodiscord.”（“隨著審判率的下降，公眾對糾紛、法官行為和公眾對不和諧的規(guī)范反應的了解也會減少?！保┛芍狢選項“在公眾場合形成對不和諧的規(guī)范反應”原文未涉及；A選項“減少公眾對糾紛的認識”，B選項“減少關(guān)于法官行為的公共信息”以及D選項“公眾意識的削弱，在公眾中偽造對不和諧的規(guī)范反應”原文有提及。因此C選項符合題意。

86.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字定位到原文第二段Thegrimpicturethatthusemergesfromthetrial’sdisappearanceisabureaucratizedworldwheretherunofcasesaregroundoutbyanirresponsiblemechanismandtheremainingcases“whenthelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused”bytheuntutoredsubjectivityorpoliticalcommitmentsofthejudge.（因此，從審判的消失中出現(xiàn)的嚴峻景象是一個官僚化的世界，在這個世界上，案件的運行是由一個不負責任的機制進行的，而剩下的案件則是“在法律不確定的情況下，由法官未經(jīng)訓練的主觀性或政治承諾引起的情緒”所影響）可知D選項“官僚決策將是合格的”不會發(fā)生；A選項“形式主義的裁決模式不合格”，B選項“公司官僚機構(gòu)將變得不那么合格”以及C選項“人們將不得不更完全地依賴行政機構(gòu)”都會發(fā)生。因此D選項符合題意。

18.單選題

Whenthedropswereplacedinthepatient’seyes,hispupilsbecame（

）.

問題1選項

A.dilated

B.smaller

C.irritated

D.sensible

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。dilated擴大的，膨脹的；smaller較小的；irritated惱怒的，生氣的；sensible明智的。句意：當?shù)蝿┑稳牖颊叩难劬r，他的瞳孔放大了。選項A符合句意。

19.單選題

Shamsanddelusionsareesteemedforsoundesttruths,whilerealityisfabulous.Ifmenwouldsteadilyobserverealitiesonly,andnotallowthemselvestobedeluded,life,tocompareitwithsuchthingsasweknow,wouldbelikeafairytaleandtheArabianNights’Entertainments.Ifwererespectedonlywhatisinevitableandhasarighttobe,musicandpoetrywouldresoundalongthestreets.Whenweareunhurriedandwise,weperceivethatonlygreatandworthythingshaveanypermanentandabsoluteexistence—thatpettyfearsandpettypleasurearebuttheshadowofreality.Thisisalwaysexhilaratingandsublime.Byclosingtheeyesandslumbering,byconsentingtobedeceivedbyshows,menestablishandconfirmtheirdailylifeofroutineandhabiteverywhere,whichstillisbuiltonpurelyillusoryfoundation.Children,whoplaylife,discernitstruelawandrelationsmoreclearlythanmen,whofailtoliveworthily,butwhothinkthattheyarewiserbyexperience,thatis,byfailure.IhavereadinaHindoobook,that“therewasaking’sson,who,beingexpelledininfancyfromhisnativecity,wasbroughtupbyaforester,and,growinguptomaturityinthatstate,imaginedhimselftobelongtothebarbarousracewithwhichbelived.Oneofhisfather’sministershavingdiscoveredhim,revealedtohimwhathewas,andthemisconceptionofhischaracterwasremoved,andheknewhimselftobeaprince.Sosoul,fromthecircumstancesinwhichitisplaced,mistakesitsowncharacter,untilthetruthisrevealedtoitbysomeholyteacher,andthenitknowsitselftobeBrahme.”Wethinkthatthatiswhichappearstobe.Ifamanshouldgiveusanaccountoftherealitieshebeheld,weshouldnotrecognizetheplaceinhisdescription.Lookatameeting-house,oracourt-house,orajail,orashop.Oradwelling-house,andsaywhatthatthingreallyisbeforeatruegaze,andtheywouldallgotopiecesinyouraccountofthem.Menesteemtruthremote,intheoutskirtsofthesystem,behindthefartheststar,beforeAdamandafterthelastman.Ineternitythereisindeedsomethingtrueandsublime.Butallthesetimesandplacesandoccasionsarenowandhere.Godhimselfculminatesinthepresentmoment,andwillneverbemoredivineinthelapseofallages.Andweareenabledtoapprehendatallwhatissublimeandnobleonlybytheperpetualinstillinganddrenchingoftherealitythatsurroundsus.Theuniverseconstantlyandobedientlyanswerstoourconceptions;whetherwetravelfastorslow,thetrackislaidforus.Letusspendourlivesinconceivingthen.Thepoetortheartistneveryethadasfairandnobleadesignbutsomeofhisposterityatleastcouldaccomplishit.

39.Thewriter’sattitudetowardtheartsisoneof______.

40.Theauthorbelievesthatachild______.

41.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwithurgingthereaderto______.

42.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithproblemof______.

問題1選項

A.admiration

B.indifference

C.suspicion

D.repulsion

問題2選項

A.shouldpracticewhattheHindoospreach.

B.frequentlyfacesvitalproblemsbetterthangrownupsdo.

C.hardlyeverknowshistrueorigin.

D.isincapableofappreciatingthearts.

問題3選項

A.looktothefutureforenlightenment.

B.appraisethepresentforitstruevalue.

C.honorthewisdomofthepastages.

D.spendmoretimeinleisureactivities.

問題4選項

A.historyandeconomics.

B.societyandpopulation.

C.biologyandphysics.

D.theologyandphilosophy.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】39.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】作者態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對藝術(shù)的態(tài)度是……”。文章第三句提到Ifwererespectedonlywhatisinevitableandhasarighttobe,musicandpoetrywouldresoundalongthestreets.（如果我們只尊重必然的東西，尊重有權(quán)威為必然的東西，那么音樂和詩歌會重新在街上唱誦）以及最后一句說到Thepoetortheartistneveryethadasfairandnobleadesignbutsomeofhisposterityatleastcouldaccomplishit.（雖然詩人或藝術(shù)家從來沒有如此美好和崇高的設想，但至少他的一些后代會達到這一步的），從這兩個句子我們可以知道作者把藝術(shù)看作是崇高和美好，而不是被蒙蔽的東西，所以A項“欽佩，贊賞”符合。B項“漠不關(guān)心”、C項“懷疑”和D項“反感，厭惡”都不準確。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

40.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者相信一個孩子……”。第七句提到Children,whoplaylife,discernitstruelawandrelationsmoreclearlythanmen,whofailtoliveworthily…（孩子們游戲生活，卻比那些難以很好生活的成人們更能清楚的分辨出顯示生活的真正規(guī)律和聯(lián)系……），由此可知，對于生活中的困難和問題，作者相信孩子們能夠比成年人更好地去面對，故B項“常常比成年人更好地面對各種問題”符合題意。C項“幾乎不知道他的真實出身”，這是講的王子的事情，不是一般的孩子。A項“應該實踐印度布道所宣揚的東西”和D項“難以欣賞藝術(shù)”在文中沒有描述。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

41.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者主要關(guān)心的是敦促讀者……”。文章提到Ineternitythereisindeedsomethingtrueandsublime.Butallthesetimesandplacesandoccasionsarenowandhere.Godhimselfculminatesinthepresentmoment,andwillneverbemoredivineinthelapseofallages.Andweareenabledtoapprehendatallwhatissublimeandnobleonlybytheperpetualinstillinganddrenchingoftherealitythatsurroundsus.（永恒中，確實有真實和崇高的東西存在。但是所有這一切時間，地點，機遇都是在此時此地。上帝本身在現(xiàn)時達到了頂峰。在今后流逝的歲月中，它絕不會更加神圣崇高。我們只有長期不斷地灌輸和浸潤在周圍現(xiàn)實之中，才能理解什么是崇高和神圣的東西。），由此可知，真實和崇高的東西都是存在于現(xiàn)在的，在今后的歲月中，絕對不會變得更加神圣和崇高，所以可推知，作者強調(diào)的是人們應該珍惜現(xiàn)在，所以B項“珍視目前的真正價值”符合題意。A項“展望未來，尋求啟迪”與原文不符。C項“尊重過去的智慧”和D項“花更多的時間在休閑活動上”沒提到。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

42.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章主要是關(guān)于……的問題”。通讀全文可知，文章整篇都在就真理和現(xiàn)實來展開論述，傳遞的內(nèi)容是哲學推理論說，所以D項“神學和哲學”符合題意。A項“歷史和經(jīng)濟學”、B項“社會和人口”和C項“生物學和物理學”都在文中找不到相關(guān)的信息。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

20.單選題

Themousethatusedtopilferfromourpantrywascaughtbyagiantcatatlast.

問題1選項

A.felicitate

B.filch

C.fray

D.flout

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.felicitate慶賀，慶祝B.filch竊取，偷竊

C.fray磨損，緊張D.flout藐視，無視，嘲笑

【答案】B

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞mouse（老鼠）和pantry（食品儲藏室）可推測，劃線單詞pilfer的意思是“偷”。因此，B選項含義與劃線部分詞義最為接近，故本題正確答案為B選項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】那只經(jīng)常偷食的老鼠終于被一只大貓逮住了。

21.單選題

Theargumentwassimultaneouslyapolicydebateandanextendedexegesisofacrucialphraseina1986federallawthatregulatesthehiringprocedures.

問題1選項

A.exportation

B.expulsion

C.explication

D.expiation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項exportation“出口；輸出；出口貨”；B選項expulsion“逐出；開除；除籍”；C選項explication“說明；闡明；展開”；D選項expiation“補償；贖罪；抵罪”。句意：這場爭論同時是一場政策辯論，也是對1986年一項管理招聘程序的聯(lián)邦法律中一個關(guān)鍵短語的延伸注釋。exegesis“注釋，解釋”，C選項與該詞意思最相近，因此C選項正確。

22.單選題

Adealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide一thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthat（1）doesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessinvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positive（2）thatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Actually,therearereasonstobe（3）.

Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigital