考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三江學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三江學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theevilmannerswouldbeeradicatedroot-and-branchduetotheforcefulactiontakenbythelocalgovernment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exterminated

B.exemplified

C.rendered

D.harbored

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.exterminated滅絕；根除B.exemplified舉例說(shuō)明；例證

C.rendered使成為；使變得D.harbored窩藏，庇護(hù)（罪犯等）

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息duetotheforcefulactiontakenbythelocalgovernment（由于當(dāng)?shù)卣挠辛Υ胧┖完P(guān)鍵詞evilmanners（不良行為）可知，該句是表示不良行為被有力措施根治，eradicated在這里表示“消除”的意思，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)詞義恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】由于當(dāng)?shù)卣挠辛Υ胧?，這種不良行為將被根治。

2.單選題

TheBritishpeoplearenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,（）isoftenthecaseinothercountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.what

C.so

D.that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句在句中主要起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，與主句之間往往由逗號(hào)隔開，獨(dú)立存在，確實(shí)也不會(huì)影響整個(gè)句子的意思。非限定定語(yǔ)從句一般由連接詞which和as引導(dǎo)。在本句中，空格處填入的關(guān)系代詞，既可以代替前面的一句話，又要在從句中做主語(yǔ)，符合這一用法的只有as。句意：英國(guó)人對(duì)于不同的文化和做事情的方式不是很熟悉，在其他國(guó)家，這是常有的事。故本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

3.問(wèn)答題

ThereasonwhyJamesBondmoviesare(A)sopopularis(B)because(C)theycombinetheappealoftraditionalspy(D)storieswiththeappealoftechnologicaldevices.

【答案】試題答案：C；that

【解析】考查名詞性從句。Thereasonwhy...isthat表語(yǔ)從句（……的原因是……）是固定句型，is后面用that，不能用because。

4.單選題

Themethodsthroughwhichtheybuiltupandmaintainedpersonalfollowingsandtheoutlookswhichaccompaniedsuchactivitylikewisebecameimportant（）formodernChinesepoliticalbehavior.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.precedents

B.pioneer

C.source

D.resource

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)precedents“引用單元”；B選項(xiàng)pioneer“先鋒”；C選項(xiàng)source“來(lái)源”；D選項(xiàng)resource“資源”。分析題干可知，空白處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容，活動(dòng)會(huì)成為中國(guó)政治行為的……，可推測(cè)答案選項(xiàng)為C。句意：他們用來(lái)建立維護(hù)追隨者的方法與完成這樣的活動(dòng)的展望也成為了現(xiàn)今中國(guó)政治行為的重要……。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Hewas______aboutthespringoutingbutbecamebackquitedepressedandsaidheshouldn’thavejoinedinit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.courageous

B.discouraged

C.enthusiastic

D.fantastic

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)courageous“勇敢的”；B選項(xiàng)discouraged“灰心的”；C選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱衷的；熱烈的”；D選項(xiàng)fantastic“極好的；富于想象的”。句意：他本來(lái)______于春游，但回來(lái)時(shí)卻很沮喪，說(shuō)他不應(yīng)該參加春游。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指在春游之前他對(duì)此非常激動(dòng)和期待，C選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱衷的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Wecannotgocampingwhiletheweatherisso____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scorching

B.freezing

C.threatening

D.capricious

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.scorching酷熱的B.scorching冰冷的

C.threatening陰沉沉的D.capricious變化無(wú)常的

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】該句主句部分說(shuō)到“我們不能去野營(yíng)”，從句部分說(shuō)的是“當(dāng)天氣如此____”，空格處所填詞是形容天氣的，并且在這種天氣情況下，不能野營(yíng)，根據(jù)常理推斷，這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中最不適合野營(yíng)的是D選項(xiàng)capricious“變化無(wú)常的”，其他幾種情況做好相應(yīng)的準(zhǔn)備還是可以野營(yíng)的，但是如果天氣變化無(wú)常的話，連做準(zhǔn)備都不方便，最好不要野營(yíng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)scorching“酷熱的”、B選項(xiàng)scorching“冰冷的”、C選項(xiàng)threatening“陰沉沉的”，這三種情況下，帶好必備物品還是可以野營(yíng)的，比“變化無(wú)常的”天氣要好。

【句意】天氣變化無(wú)常的時(shí)候，我們不能野營(yíng)。

7.翻譯題

Industrialengineeringinvolvestheapplicationofengineeringprinciplesandtechniquesofscientificmanagementtothemaintenanceofahighlevelofproductivityatoptimumcostinindustrialenterprises,Inthe1880sF.W.Taylorconsideredthefatherofmodernindustrialengineering,pioneeredinthescientificmeasurementofwork.Afternumerousworkstudieshepresentedhiscompanywithaformulaforobtainingmaximumproduction,whichwaslaterappliedtomanymanufacturingconcerns,Theindustrialormanagement,engineerdrawsuponthefieldsofsystemsengineeringandmanagementscience.Amonghisresponsibilitiesaretheselectionoftoolsandmaterialsforproductionthataremostefficientandleastcostlytothecompany.Theindustrialengineermayalsodeterminethesequenceofproductionandthedesignoffacilitiesorfactories.

【答案】工業(yè)工程學(xué)既涉及工程原則的使用，也涉及將科學(xué)管理知識(shí)以合理成本，運(yùn)用于工業(yè)企業(yè)維持高水平的勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率。19世紀(jì)80年代F.W.Taylor被視為現(xiàn)代工業(yè)工程之父，開創(chuàng)了科學(xué)生產(chǎn)管理的先河。經(jīng)過(guò)大量的工作研究，他向他的公司提出了一個(gè)獲得最大產(chǎn)量的公式，該公式后來(lái)被應(yīng)用于許多制造企業(yè)，工業(yè)或管理，工程師借鑒了系統(tǒng)工程和管理科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。他的職責(zé)之一是選擇對(duì)公司最有效、成本最低的生產(chǎn)工具和材料。工業(yè)工程師也可以決定生產(chǎn)順序和設(shè)施或工廠的設(shè)計(jì)。

8.單選題

Theinternationalsituationhasbeengrowing（

）difficultforthelastfewyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invariably

B.presumably

C.increasingly

D.dominantly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。invariable不變地，始終如一地；presumably大約，大概；increasingly越來(lái)越……地；dominantly占優(yōu)勢(shì)地，支配地。句意：在過(guò)去的幾年里，國(guó)際局勢(shì)變得越來(lái)越艱難。C項(xiàng)符合句意，答案C

9.單選題

Difficultasitis,Englishstudyisinthelongrun（）toalearnerinhisorhercareerdevelopment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rewarding

B.advantageous

C.profitable

D.earning

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。rewarding“有益的,值得的,有報(bào)酬的”;advantageous“有利的,有益的”;profitable“有利可圖的,賺錢的”;earning“收入,所賺的錢”。盡管英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)很困難,但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,它對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)者的職業(yè)發(fā)展來(lái)說(shuō)是值得的。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

10.單選題

Intoday’scompetitivejobmarket,people,especiallyyoungmenarerequiredtobeaggressiveandindustrious.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invasive

B.belligerent

C.progressive

D.enterprising

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)invasive“侵入的”；B選項(xiàng)belligerent“好戰(zhàn)的”；C選項(xiàng)progressive“進(jìn)步的”；D選項(xiàng)enterprising“有進(jìn)取心的”。句意：在當(dāng)今競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)上，人們，尤其是年輕人需要有進(jìn)取心和勤奮。劃線部分aggressive是有進(jìn)取心的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Homeschoolingappearstobeagreatsuccessformiddle-classandwealthyfamilieswhenoneparentishomemostofthetime.However，homeschoolingdoesnotworkininner-cityneighborhoodsbecauseparentseitherworkduringthedayoractivelylookforwork.Numerousestimatesbetween1and2millionhavebeenmaderegardingthenumberofhome-schooledchildreninthiscountry.Homeschoolingwillgrowinthefutureascoursematerialsandtutoringsystemsvastlyimprove.

Nottoomanyyearsago，learningathomemeantreadingabookanddoinghomeworkwithtutoringfromaparentoroldersibling.Today,homeshaveanoutstandingtutoravailable24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Thistutorneverlosesitspatience，becomesupset,turnscritical,orscoldsachildforpoorperformance.Infact,thenewtutoringsystemconstantlyrecognizesgoodperformanceandprovidespraiseforprogressinlearning.Thistutoristhemultimediapersonalcomputer.Fordecades，studentshavebeenlearningviatelevisionprograms.Inrecentyears，studentshavelearnedhowtouseapersonalcomputer.NowtechnologyisbringingtogethertheInternet,video,slides，CD-ROM,andtheinteractivityofacomputertocreatemultimediapresentationsthatstudentsenjoy.

Thecostofthistutoringsystemisabout$1,200.Itcanbeusedforatleastsixyears,sotheannualcostis$200.Iftherearetwostudentsinthefamily,theannualcostdropsto$100perstudent.Inmanyhouseholds,theparentsalsousethecomputer,whichreducestheannualcostevenfurther.

Thetutoringsystemallowshomeschoolerstoexploresubjectswithoutaparentorteachertellingthemwhattodonext.Thecomputeralsoprovidesasafeenvironmentforstudentstotakerisks.Theyseeandhearimmediate,positivereinforcementeverytimetheylearnsomething.Immediate,positiveremediationalsoisavailablewhenthestudentdoesn’tfullyunderstandthelesson.Thecomputeristrulyabreakthroughinstudentlearningandinbuildingself-esteem.

Atfirst,coursewaredevelopersthoughttheyhadtoselltheirproductstocurriculumdirectors,teachercommittees,andschoolboards.Now,thesecompaniessellcoursewaredirectlytoparents.Forexample,insteadofbuyingaleather-boundeditionoftheEncyclopediaBritannica,workingparentscanpurchaseacomputerizedencyclopediafor$35orless.

Coursewarequalityandcoursematerialsimproveannuallybecauseparentsandstudentsbuyonlyhigh-qualityandmotivationalcourses.Withmillionsofhomeschoolersandotherchildrenusingthesematerials,thepricepersubjectnowvariesfrom$20to$40.Intheearlyschoolyears,oneortwocoursewaresystemsaresufficientfortheentireschoolyear.Thecoursewaremarkethasbecomeamulti-million-dollarindustryinwhichqualityincreasesandcostsdecreaseconstantly.

Studieshaveshownthatinteractivecoursewarespeedslearningby30to50percentoverconventionalteachingmethods.Lessonretentionalsoimproves.Manyhomeschoolersneedtostudyonlythreeorfourhours,leavingthemmorethanenoughtimeforextracurricularactivities.

Howwillcoursewareimpactthepublicschools?Itcaneitherbeviewedasasideshowthathasnoplaceinaschoolsystem,whichwouldbeamistake,orpublicschoolscanstudywhycoursewareandhomeschoolinghavesucceeded.Investinginoutstandingcoursematerials,learningsystems,andtutoringsystemshavebeenhomeschooling’skeystosuccess.Thisisexactlywhatmostpublicschoolsdonotdo，eventhoughtheyspendmorethan$300billionintaxpayers’money.Instead,theyclaimtheyhavenomoneyforoutstandingcoursematerials,learningsystems,andtutoringsystems.

Itshouldalsobenotedthatmosthome-schoolingparentsarenotformerteachers.Manyofthemjusthavehighschooldiplomasorhavestudiedayearortwoincommunitycolleges.Thisinformationindicatesthatcertifiedteacherswithininner-cityschoolscouldbemoresuccessfuliftheirclassroomshadoutstandingcoursematerials,learningsystems，andtutoringsystems.

Homeschoolingwillgrowinresponsetotheviolenceinschoolsandtotheconstantdroneofmessagesaboutpoorstudentperformance，butitcannotreplaceourpublicschoolssystemsbecausemostparentsaresimplynotavailabletoprovidehomeschooling.Itishoped,however,thatpublicschoolswillbegintoadoptthesuccessfulaspectsofhomeschooling.Insomecommunities,schooldistrictsareworkingwithhome-schoolingfamiliesonspecialclassesandextracurricularactivities.Thispartnershiphelpssolvetheproblemofovercrowdedschoolsandhelpsreducethemassivebuildingcostsassociatedwithnewschoolbuildings.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.ThegrowthofhomeschoolingisduetoseveralfactorsEXCEPT（）.

3.Homeschoolingwillnotreplacepublicschoolsystemsbecause（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor，publicschoolsareexpectedto（）.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspublicschools?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Moderntutorsaremorepatientthanthoseinthepast.

B.Studentsarepraisedwhenevertheylearnnewthings.

C.Coursewarequalityimproveswiththehelpofparents.

D.Tutoringsystemscanhelpstudentsbuildself-esteem.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.tutors

B.parents

C.coursematerials

D.tutoringsystems

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mostfamiliescannotaffordthecoursematerials

B.mostparentscannotstayathomeduringtheday

C.teachersofpublicschoolsaremorequalifiedthanparents

D.publicschoolswillalsoinvestinoutstandingcoursematerials

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.studywhyhomeschoolinghassucceeded

B.workwithhomeschoolingfamilies

C.investinoutstandingcoursematerials

D.adoptsuccessfulaspectsofhomeschooling

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Optimistic.

B.Pessimistic.

C.Critical.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句，“Thecomputeristrulyabreakthroughinstudentlearningandinbuildingself-esteem.”，可知通過(guò)電腦在輔助教學(xué)系統(tǒng)上學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和建立自尊確實(shí)是一個(gè)突破。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句，“Homeschoolingwillgrowinthefutureascoursematerialsandtutoringsystemsvastlyimprove.”，可知教材及教學(xué)系統(tǒng)是影響家庭教育的因素，排除C和D選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Today,homeshaveanoutstandingtutoravailable24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Thistutorneverlosesitspatience…”，可知這種教學(xué)系統(tǒng)24小時(shí)在線，不會(huì)失去耐心，也是影響家庭教育增長(zhǎng)的一個(gè)因素，排除選項(xiàng)A。父母和家庭教育的增長(zhǎng)聯(lián)系并不大，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句，“However，homeschoolingdoesnotworkininner-cityneighborhoodsbecauseparentseitherworkduringthedayoractivelylookforwork.”，在中心城區(qū)，家庭教育并不成功，因?yàn)楦改敢窗滋旃ぷ?，要么積極地尋找工作。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Itishoped,however,thatpublicschoolswillbegintoadoptthesuccessfulaspectsofhomeschooling.”，可以期望公立學(xué)校開始采納家庭教育成功的方面。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.主旨題。根據(jù)全文，作者首先提到課程資料和教學(xué)系統(tǒng)等方面的發(fā)展使家庭教育呈現(xiàn)不斷增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)，隨后通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)速度、時(shí)間及出色的課程等各方面將家庭教育和傳統(tǒng)公立學(xué)校進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，家庭教育都是存在優(yōu)勢(shì)的。最后作者希望公立學(xué)校能采納家庭教育成功的方面，做一些改進(jìn)。可推斷出，作者對(duì)公立學(xué)校是存在批判的態(tài)度的。學(xué)校C符合題意。

12.單選題

Theloveofpoetrywas____inhimbyherreaching.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.banished

B.kindled

C.hardened

D.smashed

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.banished放逐；驅(qū)除B.kindled激起（興趣、情感等）

C.hardened硬化；更嚴(yán)厲D.smashed打碎；猛烈碰撞

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】前文內(nèi)容為“對(duì)詩(shī)歌的熱愛(ài)”，后文內(nèi)容為“她的到達(dá)”，空格處所填動(dòng)詞搭配的內(nèi)容為“對(duì)詩(shī)歌的熱愛(ài)”，B選項(xiàng)kindled“激起（興趣、情感等）”與原句語(yǔ)義銜接最恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】她的到達(dá)激起了他對(duì)詩(shī)歌的熱愛(ài)。

13.單選題

Thewoodsatthisseasonare（

）withdelicatescents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fragrant

B.small

C.barren

D.bright

【答案】A

【解析】句意：這個(gè)季節(jié)的樹林散發(fā)著清香。fragrant芳香的，選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

14.翻譯題

TheopeningofDisneylandwillbringmanyassociatedinvestmentopportunities.Atleastfoureconomicsectorswillbenefitdirectly.First,propertymarkets.HousingandcommercialrealestatepricesaroundtheDisneylandareaarealreadyrising.Second,thetourismsector.Aftertheopening,analystsexpect3to5millionmoretouristswillvisitShanghaieveryyear,bringmorebusinesstohotels,travelagenciesandretails.Third,brandmarketingwillgiveaboosttotoymanufactures,publishersandthegamingindustry.Fourth,constructioncompaniesandmaterialsupplierswillenjoyahugeincrease,comparabletothe2010ShanghaiworldExpo.Disneyland’sfirstphaseofconstructionisexpectedtocost24billionyuan.

【答案】迪士尼在上海開園會(huì)帶來(lái)許多相關(guān)的投資機(jī)會(huì)。至少有四個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域?qū)⒅苯邮芤妗Ｊ紫仁欠康禺a(chǎn)市場(chǎng)。迪士尼樂(lè)園周圍的地產(chǎn)商業(yè)價(jià)格已經(jīng)上漲。其次是旅游業(yè)。開園后，分析師預(yù)測(cè)每年有300萬(wàn)到500萬(wàn)甚至更多的游客將訪問(wèn)上海，這給酒店、旅行社和零售商帶來(lái)更多的生意。再次，品牌營(yíng)銷將促進(jìn)玩具制造業(yè)、出版業(yè)和游戲行業(yè)的發(fā)展。不僅如此，施工企業(yè)和材料供應(yīng)商的業(yè)務(wù)量將大幅度增長(zhǎng)，堪比2010年上海世博會(huì)。迪士尼樂(lè)園的第一期工程預(yù)計(jì)將耗資240億人民幣。

15.單選題

Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbroughtonbyphysicalevents,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.

Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.

Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponsedifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.

Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachinhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.

Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeview.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingtoomuchimportancetoevents,asthingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.

36.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat（）.

37.Controllingyourthoughtsalwaysinvolves（）.

38.Humanresponsetostressis（）.

39.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingtheselectionisto（）.

40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedintheselectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressiscontrollable?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stressisanimbalancebetweeninternalandexternaldemands

B.controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress

C.relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement

D.stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.consideringthesituationfromdifferentperspectives

B.imaginingyourselfmanagingthestress

C.relaxationtechniquestoeliminatephysicalsymptoms

D.agentleandpassivebreath

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.universal

B.variableaccordingtosex

C.unchanging

D.individual

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict

B.instructthereaderonhowtocontrolstress

C.describerelaxationtechniques

D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughsuccessfulmanagement

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.

B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.

C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.

D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】36.主旨大意題。定位在第一句Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.（壓力是外界對(duì)我們的要求和滿足這些要求的自身能力之間存在的失衡狀態(tài)。）A選項(xiàng)“壓力是內(nèi)在需求和外在需求之間的不平衡”，由第一句可知壓力是外在需求和自身能力之間失衡而產(chǎn)生的，表述有誤，B選項(xiàng)“控制身體反應(yīng)和思想是管理壓力的有效手段”定位在最后兩段的首句。Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.（控制身體的壓力癥狀需要放松。）Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.（控制你的思想是壓力管理的第二個(gè)主要因素。）本文開始介紹了壓力產(chǎn)生的原因后面著重講到了控制壓力的方法。因此B選項(xiàng)符合原文，也是對(duì)文章的一個(gè)總體概括。C選項(xiàng)“放松是成功管理壓力的關(guān)鍵”文中并沒(méi)有進(jìn)行對(duì)比，屬于以偏概全。D選項(xiàng)“壓力管理需要解決問(wèn)題的方法”文中有詳細(xì)給出控制壓力的辦法，故選B。

37.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeview.（成功地管理壓力需要思維的靈活性。也就是說(shuō)，你必須考慮另一種觀點(diǎn)。）由此可知，成功地管理壓力，需要改變自己之前所持的一些觀點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“從不同的角度考慮”轉(zhuǎn)換觀點(diǎn)，從另一個(gè)角度進(jìn)行考慮，正確。B選項(xiàng)“想象自己在管理壓力”，C選項(xiàng)“放松技巧以消除身體癥狀”，D選項(xiàng)“輕柔而被動(dòng)的呼吸”，B，C，D選項(xiàng)與題意無(wú)關(guān)，可排除，故選A。

38.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位第三段的第一句Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponsedifferentlytostress.（人們對(duì)沖突的反應(yīng)不同，正如他們對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)不同。）由此可知，每個(gè)人對(duì)待壓力的反應(yīng)是不同的。A選項(xiàng)“普遍的”，B選項(xiàng)“性別不同會(huì)有差別”，C選項(xiàng)“不變的”，A，B，C與句意不符，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“個(gè)體的；獨(dú)特的”，符合句意，正確。故選D。

39.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“解釋壓力和沖突之間的關(guān)系”定位在第二段，文中只用了一小段簡(jiǎn)單帶過(guò)，不可歸為主要目的。Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.（有時(shí)，在高度緊張的沖突情況下，我們必須先處理壓力，然后再處理沖突。）C選項(xiàng)“描述放松技巧”只是屬于控制壓力方法的一個(gè)舉例，不屬于主要目的。D選項(xiàng)“說(shuō)服讀者通過(guò)成功的管理來(lái)減輕壓力?！惫芾硪辉~過(guò)于籠統(tǒng)寬泛，目的需要具體。即可排除A，C，D選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)“指導(dǎo)讀者如何控制壓力”，文章簡(jiǎn)單介紹壓力后，最后兩段著重介紹了控制壓力的方法，能夠給讀者帶來(lái)一些建議。故選B。

40.推理判斷題。題意：下列哪個(gè)陳述包含在選擇中，最直接地支持作者的觀點(diǎn)，即壓力是可控的？定位在最后一段Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingtoomuchimportancetoevents,asthingsmayseemlessimportantwhenviewedinadifferentway.（你當(dāng)前的觀點(diǎn)給你造成了壓力！你還必須避免把事情看得太重要，因?yàn)閺牟煌慕嵌瓤词虑榭赡軙?huì)顯得不那么重要。）可以知道從不同角度去思考一件事，對(duì)同樣一件事的感受也會(huì)不同。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“從不同的角度來(lái)看，事情似乎不那么重要”很好的說(shuō)明了壓力是可控的。B選項(xiàng)“壓力是需求之間的不平衡”只是壓力的一個(gè)表述，與可控性無(wú)關(guān)。C選項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)沖突的反應(yīng)不同，就像他們對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)不同一樣”只是陳述每個(gè)人對(duì)待壓力的方式不同，與壓力的可控性無(wú)關(guān)。D選項(xiàng)“成功地管理壓力需要事情的靈活性”根據(jù)原文Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.（成功地管理壓力需要思維的靈活性。）主語(yǔ)不一致，故選A。

16.單選題

Automationreferstotheintroductionofelectroniccontrolandautomaticoperationofproductivemachinery.Itreducesthehumanfactors,mentalandphysical,inproduction,andisdesignedtomakepossiblethemanufactureofmoregoodswithfewerworkers.ThedevelopmentofautomationinAmericanindustryhasbeencalledtheSecondIndustrialRevolution.

Labor’sconcernoverautomationarisesfromuncertaintyaboutitseffectsonemployment,andfearsofmajorchangesinjobs.Inthemain,laborhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnologicalchangeisfutile.Inthelongrun,theresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,maintaining,andrepairingautomationequipment.Unquestionably,however,therewillbemajorshiftsinjobswithinplantsanddisplacementoflaborfromoneindustrytoanother.Theinterestoflaborliesinbringingaboutthistransitionwithaminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstotheworkersinvolved.Also,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.

Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseisthepromotionofsupplementaryunemploymentbenefitsplans.ItisemphasizedthatsincetheemployerinvolvedinSUBplanhasadirectfinancialstakeinpreventingunemployment,hewillhaveastrongincentiveforplanningnewinstallationssoastocausetheleastpossibledisruptioninjobsandjobassignments.Someunionsareworkingfordismissalpayagreements,requiringthatpermanentlylaidoffworkersbepaidasumofmoneybasedonlengthofservice.Anotherapproachistheideaoftheimprovementfactor,whichcallsforwageincreasebasedonincreasesinproductivity.Itisprobable,however,thatlaborwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation.

1.Welearnfromparagraph1thatautomationwillprobablyleadto（

）.

2.Laborhastheopinionthat（

）.

3.Whatistherelationbetweenautomationandemploymentintheopinionoflabor?

4.Theunionstressesthat（

）.

5.Howmanynewpoliciesoftheunionshavebeenlistedinthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.industrialexpansion

B.anincreaseinemployment

C.displacementoflaborfromoneindustrytoanother

D.anincreaseinunemployment

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.alleffortsmustbemadetopreventautomation

B.automationwillcauseariseinconsumercosts

C.itsmaininterestliesinincreasingallwages

D.technologicalchangecannotbestopped

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Automationwilldefinitelyleadstomoreunemployment.

B.Fromalong-termpointofviewautomationwillbringaboutmorejobs.

C.Automationwillnotcausemuchchangeinemployment.

D.Sooneroflaterautomationwilldoalltheworkinsteadofman.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.workersshouldalsoenjoythefruitsbroughtaboutbyautomation

B.noworkersshouldbefiredinthedevelopmentofautomation

C.itisnecessarytoslowdownthedevelopmentofautomation

D.workersshouldbepaidaccordingtotheirlengthofservice

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.1

B.2

C.3

D.4

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“自動(dòng)化減少了生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的人為因素，包括精神和身體上的因素，旨在使這樣一種情況成為可能——用更少的工人生產(chǎn)更多的產(chǎn)品。”由此可推斷，工人減少會(huì)導(dǎo)致失業(yè)率上升，所以這就是自動(dòng)化所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Inthemain,laborhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnologicalchangeisfutile.”總的來(lái)說(shuō)，勞動(dòng)者們認(rèn)為抵制技術(shù)變革是徒勞的。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Inthelongrun,theresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,maintaining,andrepairingautomationequipment.”從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，自動(dòng)化的結(jié)果很可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致就業(yè)的增加，因?yàn)樵谥圃?、維護(hù)和維修自動(dòng)化設(shè)備領(lǐng)域?qū)?huì)出現(xiàn)大量的行業(yè)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Also,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.”工會(huì)發(fā)言人強(qiáng)調(diào)，自動(dòng)化帶來(lái)產(chǎn)量增加和成本降低的好處，應(yīng)該通過(guò)提高工資、增加休閑時(shí)間和提高生活水平的形式，讓工人們共享。也就是說(shuō)，工人也應(yīng)該享受自動(dòng)化帶來(lái)的好處。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“newpolicies”定位到最后一段“Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseis...Anotherapproachis...”為了在自動(dòng)化時(shí)代保護(hù)工會(huì)成員的利益，工會(huì)采取了一系列新政策。其中之一是……另一種方法是……。由此可知是個(gè)政策，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

17.單選題

Sincethedatafromtheexperimentsarenoteasytobeanalysed,itwillbeseveralweeksbeforeweknowwhetherwearefreetoproceedwiththesecondpartofourresearchprogram.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.arenoteasy

C.tobeanalysed

D.freetoproceedwith

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。主謂不一致。are改成is。主語(yǔ)thedata為單數(shù)，故系動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用is。

18.單選題

Ihatepeoplewho（）theendofafilmthatyouhaven'tseenbefore.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reveal

B.rewrite

C.revise

D.reverse

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。reveal“揭示，揭露，顯露”；rewrite“重寫，改寫”；revise“修訂，復(fù)習(xí)”；reverse“顛倒，撤銷，反轉(zhuǎn)”。句意：我討厭別人泄露我還沒(méi)看過(guò)的電影的結(jié)局。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Thebestwaytocontrolratsisbyseeingthattheyhaveas______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)