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一、單選題1DavidRicardo'stheoryofcomparativeadvantageexplainsglobaltradeintermsofthe firstmoveradvantagethatcertaincountriesandfirmsenjoygeographicaldifferencesbetweenvariouscountriesC.internationaldifferencesinlaborproductivityD.latemoveradvantagethatcertaincountriesandfirmspossess正確答案:C2、Whichofthefollowingtheoriesemphasizestheinterplaybetweentheproportionsinwhichthefactorsofproductionareavailableindifferentcountriesandtheproportionsinwhichtheyareneededforproducingparticulargoods?Porter'stheorySmith'stheoryC.Ricardo'stheoryD.Heckscher-Ohlintheory3Identifythetheorythatsupportstheviewthatinsomecasescountriesexportforthereasonthattheworldmarketcansupportonlyalimitednumberoffirms.A.Heckscher-OhlintheoryB.Smith'stheoryC.Ricardo'stheoryD.Newtradetheory正確答案:D4、WhichofthefollowingobservationsisconsistentwithMichaelPorter'stheoryofnationalcompetitiveadvantage?Factorssuchasdomesticdemandanddomesticrivalrydeterminenations'dominanceonproduction.CountriesshouldproduceonlythosegoodsforwhichtheyhaveacomparativeadvantageC.Interplaybetweenthefactorsofproductioncauseinternationalmarketingdecisions.D.Internationaldifferencesinlaborproductivitydeterminenations'supremacyinproduction.正確答案:A5、Whichofthefollowingisamajorflawassociatedwithmercantilism?A.MercantilistsdonotsupportgovernmentinterventionintradeB.Mercantilistsviewtradeasazero-sumgame.C.Mercantilistsrecommendpoliciestomaximizeimports.D.Mercantilistsrecommendcountriestomaintainanegativetradebalance.正確答案:B6Byloweringproductioncosts, helpdomesticproducerscompeteagainstforeignimports.subsidiesdutiesquotastariffs正確答案:A7、 isadirectrestrictiononthequantityofsomegoodthatmaybeimportedintoacountry.ImporttariffImportquotaImportsubsidyAdvaloremtariff正確答案:B8、 isaquotaontradeimposedbytheexportingcountry,typicallyattherequestoftheimportingcountry'sgovernment.export restraintSpecifictariff quotaTradereconciliationAdvaloremtariff正確答案:A9Accordingto ,somespecificfractionofagoodmustbeproduceddomestically.A.importquotasB.voluntaryexportrestraintsC.localcontentrequirementsD.antidumpingduties正確答案:C10、Administrativetradepoliciesare:requirementsthatsomespecificfractionofagoodbeproduceddomestically.quotasontradeimposedbytheexportingcountry.bureaucraticrules designedtomakeitdifficultforimportstoenteracountry.designedtopunishforeignfirmsthatengageindumping.正確答案:C二、判斷題1、ThetheoriesofSmithandRicardoshowthatcountriesshouldnotengageininternationaltradeforproductsthatitisabletoproduceforitself.正確答案:×2Newtradetheorystressesthatinsomecasescountriesspecializeintheproductionandexportofparticularproductsbecausetheworldmarketcansupportonlyalimitednumberoffirms.正確答案:√3、Porter'stheoryofnationalcompetitiveadvantagerecommendsunrestrictedfreetradebetweencountries.正確答案:×4、Mercantilistdoctrineadvocatesunrestrictedfreetradebetweencountries.正確答案:×5、Theprincipleofmercantilismviewstradeasapositive-sumgame.正確答案:×6、Thetheoryofcomparativeadvantagesuggeststhattradeisapositive -sumgameinwhichallcountriesthatparticipaterealizeeconomicgains.正確答案:√7、Economiesofscaleareunitcostreductionsassociatedwithalargescaleofoutput.正確答案:√8、Exporttariffsarefarlesscommonthanimporttariffs.正確答案:√9、Bureaucraticrulesdesignedtomakeitdifficultforimportstoenteracountryarecalledlocalcontentrequirements.正確答案:×20、Antidumpingpoliciesaredesignedtopunishforeignfirmsthatareengagedindumping.正確答案:√2、Accordingtotheinfantindustryargument,manydevelopingcountrieshaveapotentialcomparativeadvantageinmanufacturing,butnewmanufacturingindustriescannotinitiallycompetewithestablishedindustriesindevelopedcountries.正確答案:√22、Strategictradepolicysuggeststhatagovernmentshouldusesubsidiestosupportpromisingfirmsthatareactiveinnewlyemergingindustries.正確答案:√23、Governmentsdonotalwaysactinthenationalinterestwhentheyinterveneintheeconomy;politicallyimportantinterestgroupsofteninfluencethem.正確答案:√/r/

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