托福語法名詞性從句市公開課金獎市賽課一等獎?wù)n件

TOFELGRAMMARNounClause第1頁本節(jié)目標(biāo)名詞性從句學(xué)習(xí)掌握并利用主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句第2頁簡單句VS.復(fù)合句

簡單句復(fù)合句Theideaisridiculous.Thattheearthisroundisridiculous.Hetoldmethetruth.Hetoldmethattheearthisround.Mytheoryisajoke.Mytheoryisthattheearthisround.Themagazine,NationalGeography,tellsusthecommonknowledge.Themagazine,NationalGeography,tellsusthecommonknowledge.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------第3頁名詞性從句–四種成份

在英文中，名詞或名詞短語主要充當(dāng)四種成份：主語、賓語、表語和同位語（見上表第一列）。

假如我們把句子當(dāng)做名詞來用，分別在另一個句子中作主語、賓語、表語和同位語（見上表第二列），于是組成了四種從句：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

因?yàn)檫@四種從句在本質(zhì)上相當(dāng)于名詞作用，所以我們把它們統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。

第4頁名詞性從句–三種句子Thattheearthisroundisafact.Myquestioniswhetherpeoplewillliveonthemoonsomeday.Scientistshavearguedoverthequestionwhetherthereislifeonotherplanets.Idon’tknowhowmanylettersthereareintheEnglishalphabet.陳說句、普通疑問句、特殊疑問句第5頁名詞性從句–本質(zhì)Thattheearthisroundisafact.

(Theearthisround.)Myquestioniswhetherpeoplewillliveonthemoonsomeday.

(Willpeopleliveonthemoonsomeday?)Scientistshavearguedoverthequestionwhetherthereislifeonotherplanets.

(Istherelifeonotherplanets?)Idon’tknowhowmanylettersthereareintheEnglishalphabet.

(HowmanylettersarethereintheEnglishalphabet?)第6頁陳說句變名詞性從句–

主語從句

Hedoesn’tunderstandEnglish.很顯然他不懂英語。Thathedoesn’tunderstandEnglishisobvious.月球本身不發(fā)光這是一個常識。Thatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflightiscommonknowledge.地球是圓，這是真理。Thattheearthisroundisatruth.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在陳說句句首加上that，然后把“that+陳說句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)分別放在另一個句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。第7頁it作形式主語為防止頭重腳輕，經(jīng)常用it作形式主語置于句首，而將主語從句放在句尾。很顯然他不懂英語。Itisobviousthathedoesn’tunderstandEnglish.月球本身不發(fā)光這是一個常識。Itiscommonknowledgethatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflight.地球是圓，這是真理。Itisatruththattheearthisround.你沒經(jīng)過這次考試真遺憾。Itisashame/pitythatyoudidnotpassthetest.第8頁常見主語從句句型–

it作形式主語Itis+過去分詞+that從句：It’sreportedthat…據(jù)報道。。。It’sbelievedthat…人們相信。。。It’sgenerallythoughtthat…人們普遍認(rèn)為。。。Itshouldbenotedthat…應(yīng)該注意。。。Ithasbeenfoundthat…現(xiàn)已發(fā)覺。。。Itmustbepointedoutthat…必須指出。。。一樣能夠這么用詞有:say,expect,know,estimate,forecast等。第9頁常見主語從句句型–

it作形式主語Itis+形容詞+that從句：Itisclearthat…顯然。。。Itispossible/likelythat…很可能。。。Itisnaturalthat…很自然。。。Itiscertainthat…能夠相信。。。Itisstrangethat…奇怪是。。。Itisfortunatethat…幸運(yùn)是。。。Itisnecessarythat…有必要是。。。第10頁常見主語從句句型–

it作形式主語Itis+名詞短語+that從句：apity,ashame,anhonor,agoodidea,nowonder,etc.Itisapitythat…可惜是。。。Itisafactthat…事實(shí)是。。。Itisgoodnewsthat…。。。真是太好了。Itisagoodthingthat…。。。真是件好事。Itisnowonderthat…難怪。。。Itisashamethat…遺憾是；。。。真是太不像話了Itisanhonorthat…真榮幸。。。Itiscommonknowledgethat…。。。是常識。Itismybeliefthat…我相信。。。Itisamiraclethat…。。。真是奇跡。第11頁練習(xí)時間^_^

將以下句子改寫成it作主語句子Thatsmokingcancausecanceristrue.ThatLucyfailedhisEnglishexamwasashame.Thathehasbeenlateforworkoverandoveragainisaseriousmatter.Thatthelittlebabysurvivedundersuchbadconditionswasamiracle.第12頁陳說句變名詞性從句–

賓語從句

我認(rèn)為你是正確。Ithink(that)youareright.我們知道地球是圓。Weknow(that)theearthisround.我認(rèn)為扎實(shí)語法功底對英文寫作很主要。Ithink(that)asoundknowledgeofgrammarisessentialtogoodwriting.在陳說句句首加上that，然后把“that+陳說句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)分別放在另一個句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第13頁陳說句變名詞性從句–

表語從句我認(rèn)為這個孩子應(yīng)該送到學(xué)校去上學(xué)。Myideaisthatthechildshouldbesenttoschool.困難在于我們?nèi)狈Y金。Thetroubleisthatweareshortoffunds.在陳說句句首加上that，然后把“that+陳說句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)分別放在另一個句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第14頁陳說句變名詞性從句–

賓語從句

他實(shí)驗(yàn)取得成功，這讓大家很高興。Thefactthathesucceededintheexperimentpleasedeverybody.有人曾謠傳Tom是小偷，結(jié)果證明是不對。TherumorthatTomwasathiefturnedouttobeuntrue.她到處散布謠言說他犯有盜竊罪。Shespreadthelieeverywherethathewasguiltyoftheft.在陳說句句首加上that，然后把“that+陳說句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)分別放在另一個句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。第15頁普通疑問句變名詞性從句

–主語從句

I.主語從句

他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。他們是否會支持我們?變正常語序Wouldtheysupportus?Theywouldsupportus.(2)whether或if來引導(dǎo)Whethertheywouldsupportus...(3)()還是一個問題

Whethertheywouldsupportusis/remainsaquestion.Itis/remainsaquestionwhethertheywouldsupportus.普通疑問句變成陳說句，而且用whether或if來引導(dǎo)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第16頁普通疑問句變名詞性從句

–賓/表/同位語從句II.賓語從句我不清楚他是否需要我?guī)椭?。Idon’tknowif/whetherheneedsmyhelp.III.表語從句我關(guān)心是他到底來不來。Myconcerniswhetherhecomesornot.IV.同位語從句他們面臨是否該繼續(xù)干下去這個問題。Theyarefacedwiththeproblemwhethertheyshouldcontinuetowork.普通疑問句變成陳說句，而且用whether或if來引導(dǎo)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第17頁普通疑問句變名詞性從句

–if還是whether?if普通只用于引導(dǎo)賓語從句，而whether可引導(dǎo)包含賓語從句在內(nèi)其它名詞從句當(dāng)出現(xiàn)…ornot時，普通只用whether…ornot，而不用if填空：a.()hecomesornotmakesnodifference.b.Thequestionis()hewillcome.c.Idon’tcare()heishandsome.d.Thequestion()weshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor.答案:Whether:a.b.dif:c第18頁練習(xí)時間^_^

將括號里疑問詞變成名詞性從句______remainsuncertain.(Shallwehavethematch?)Iwonder_______.(Shouldwewaitforhim?)Nooneknowsexactly______.(Istherelifeonotherplanets?)Myquestionis______.(Dowehaveenoughtimetogotothemovie?)Doyouknow______.(Doessoundtravelfasterthanlight?)第19頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷正誤：A.Ihavenoideawhenhewillreturn.B.Ihavenoideawhenwillhereturn.A.Whyherefusedtocooperatewithusisstillamystery.B.Whydidherefusetocooperatewithusisstillamystery.

特殊疑問句變成陳說語序,然后將變成正常語序特殊疑問句分別放在另一個句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第20頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–主語從句I.主語從句他告訴你是真。Whathetoldyouistrue.由誰來主持會議還未決定。Whowillchairthemeetinghasnotyetbeendecided.何時舉行會議還沒決定。Whenthemeetingistobeheldhasnotyetbeendecided.特殊疑問句變成陳說語序,然后將變成正常語序特殊疑問句分別放在另一個句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第21頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–賓語從句I.賓語從句我還沒決定投票給誰。IhavenotdecidedwhomIshouldvotefor.你能告訴我郵局在哪兒嗎？Couldyoutellmewherethepostofficeis?我們不知道他為何昨天沒來。Wedidn’tknowwhyhedidnotcomeyesterday.特殊疑問句變成陳說語序,然后將變成正常語序特殊疑問句分別放在另一個句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第22頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–表語從句I.表語從句關(guān)鍵是你什么時候才能變得有錢。Thepointiswhenyouwillbecomerich.昨天是歷史。明天是個謎。今天是一件禮品。所以它才被稱為present！Yesterdayishistory.Tomorrowisamystery.Todayisagift.That’swhyit’scalledthepresent!特殊疑問句變成陳說語序,然后將變成正常語序特殊疑問句分別放在另一個句子四種位置即組成了四種名詞從句。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第23頁特殊疑問句變名詞性從句

–同位語從句I.同位語從句我不清楚他是誰。Ihavenoideawhoheis.該讓誰取得出國機(jī)會，這個問題需要仔細(xì)考慮。Thequestionwhoshouldgetthisopportunitytogoabroadrequirescarefulconsideration.現(xiàn)在問題是我們?nèi)ツ睦锱竭@筆貸款。Therearosethequestionwherewecouldget