2022年考研考博-考博英語-首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號74

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Inorderto（）therisingproductioncosts,thesubscriptionrateshavebeenincreased.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.addupto

B.lookupto

C.cutshort

D.keepupwith

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)addupto“合計(jì)達(dá)...，總共達(dá)...”；B選項(xiàng)lookupto“尊敬”；C選項(xiàng)cutshort“縮短，縮減”；D選項(xiàng)keepupwith“跟上，趕上”。句意：為了跟上不斷上漲的生產(chǎn)成本，訂閱費(fèi)已經(jīng)提高了。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

2.翻譯題

A.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese(15%)

Surveysshowthatmen’sattitudestoriskaretypicallymoreenthusiastic,whereaswomenaremorelikelytobuyandhold,whichleadsfinancialadviserstoconcludethatmenarelessrisk-averse.Andmenaremorelikelytosaythattheyunderstandfinancialconcepts,whichmightseemtosuggestthattheyaremorefinanciallyliterate.

Butitmaybemoreaccuratetosaythatwomenaremorerisk-awareandlessdeludedabouttheirfinancialcompetence.Astudyin2001byBradBarber,anacademicinthefieldofbehaviouralfinance,showedthatwomenoutperformedmeninthemarketbyonepercentagepointayear.Themainreason,heargued,wasthatmenweremuchmorelikelytobeoverconfidentthanwomen,andhencetocarryoutunprofitabletrades.

Anotherdifferenceisthatmenaremorelikelytosaythatoutperformingthemarketistheirtopinvestmentgoal,whereaswomentendtomentionspecificfinancialgoals,suchasbuyingahouseorretiringat60.Affluentwomenaremorelikelytoseekfinancialadviceandfewerdirecttheirowninvestmentscomparedwithmen.accordingtoCentury,aresearchfirm.Buttheyseemtobelesssatisfiedwiththeadvicetheyaregetting.Asurveyin2016byEconsult,aconsultancy,foundthat62%ofwomenwithsignificantassetsundermanagementwouldconsiderabandoningtheirmanager,comparedwith44%ofmen.

B.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish(15%)

管理者中富有激情，具有個(gè)人魅力和感染力的人鳳毛麟角。那么，其他和我一樣的大部分人該怎么辦呢？你也許學(xué)不來魅力四射，但是你一定能夠?qū)W會直截了當(dāng)、有效地與員工談?wù)摴ぷ?。能夠?qū)W會在合適的時(shí)間以合適的方式、用詞精準(zhǔn)地與員工談?wù)摴ぷ鳌?/p>

最有效的管理者擁有一種特別的談話方式。他們有著特殊的姿勢、風(fēng)度以及語調(diào)。他們的談話方式既有權(quán)威感，又容易讓人產(chǎn)生共鳴；既充分表達(dá)了嚴(yán)格的要求，又讓人感到談話人所給予的巨大支持；既嚴(yán)肅訓(xùn)導(dǎo)，又讓人能夠接受。這種談話既不同于朋友，也不同于老板，恰好介于兩者中間。

【答案】A英譯漢【參考譯文】

調(diào)查顯示，男性應(yīng)對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的態(tài)度通常更為積極，然而女性則更可能會去購買和持有，這就導(dǎo)致理財(cái)顧問得出結(jié)論：男性更愿意承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。并且男性更愿意說自己理解金融的概念，也似乎表明他們自己更懂金融。

但更準(zhǔn)確的說法可能是，女性更有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識，更少因自己的財(cái)務(wù)能力上當(dāng)受騙。行為金融學(xué)領(lǐng)域?qū)W者布拉德?巴伯(BradBarber)在2001年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究中表明，女性在金融市場中的表現(xiàn)每年比男性高出一個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。他認(rèn)為，主要原因是男性比女性更容易過度自信，因此更容易進(jìn)行無錢可賺的交易。

另一個(gè)不同之處在于，男性更有可能認(rèn)為跑贏市場是他們的最高投資目標(biāo)，而女性則傾向于涉及具體的財(cái)務(wù)目標(biāo)，比如買房或在60歲退休。據(jù)研究公司Century稱，富裕女性比男性更有可能去尋求理財(cái)建議，而非自己直接投資。但她們似乎對得到的建議不太滿意。咨詢公司Econsult在2016年的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn)，大量資產(chǎn)被理財(cái)公司管理的女性中有62%的人考慮放棄和自己理財(cái)經(jīng)理的合作，相比之下男性只有44%。

B漢譯英【參考譯文】

Managerswhoarepassionate,attractiveandcharismaticarerare.Sowhataboutmostotherpeoplelikeme?Youmaynotlearntobecharming,butyoucancertainlylearntotalkaboutworkdirectlyandeffectivelywiththestaff.Youcanlearntotalktoemployeesaboutworkattherighttime,intherightwayandwiththerightwords.

Themosteffectivemanagershaveaspecialwayoftalking.Theyhaveaspecialposture,demeanorandintonation.Thewaytheytalkisbothauthoritativeandevocative,whichwillfullyexpressthestrictrequirementsandmakepeoplefeelthegreatsupportofthespeaker.Itisbothdisciplinedandacceptable.Theconversationisdifferentfromthatwithafriendoraboss,butsomewhereinbetween.

3.單選題

"Museum"isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion,amuses’shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples―notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)—hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters,whilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition,Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant“Muses’shrine”

Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold-enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,andlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot"collected"either,"butsite-specific",andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem—andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation,andsocouldbeconsideredMuses'shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly"inspirational"collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary"modem"workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceived:thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylumgalleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtookoff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-InselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKunsthistorischesandNalurhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（）.

2.TheideathatMuseumcouldmeanamountainorallobjectsoriginatesfrom（）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat（）.

4.Paintingandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere（）.

5.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theRomans

B.Florence

C.Olympia

D.Greek

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewasagreatdemandforfakers

B.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumber

C.fakersbecamemoreskillful

D.fakersbecamemorepolite

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.madepartofthebuildings

C.donatedbypeople

D.boughtbychurches

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theevolutionofmuseums

B.Collectionandcollectors

C.Modemmuseumsandtheirfunctions

D.Thebirthofmuseums

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。slippery意為狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的。再根據(jù)下一段的內(nèi)容可以推測，這里是指它的意思多年來已經(jīng)改變了。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希臘語中)是獻(xiàn)給繆斯的任何東西:一座小山、一座神殿、一座花園、一個(gè)節(jié)日，甚至是一本教科書?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)D正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文句意：隨著它們的增加和擴(kuò)大，作為補(bǔ)充，造假者的技藝變得越來越精湛。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它們不是被“收藏”,而是“特定場地的”,被認(rèn)為是建筑不可或缺的一部分。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了“museum”一詞的演變及其現(xiàn)代意義的由來，所以選項(xiàng)A最能概括本文主旨。

4.單選題

Inordertorepairbarns,buildfences,growcrops,andcareforanimals,afarmermustindeedbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restless

B.skilled

C.strong

D.versatile

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。restless“坐立不安的，不耐煩的”；skilled“有技能的，熟練的”；strong“強(qiáng)壯的，強(qiáng)健的”；versatile“多才多藝的，多用途的”。句意：為了修繕谷倉、建立柵欄、種植莊稼以及飼養(yǎng)牲畜，事實(shí)上，農(nóng)民必須是多才多藝的。根據(jù)句意可知，農(nóng)民應(yīng)該是多才多藝的，故答案選D。

5.單選題

Therewasonlyasmall（）inthecity'spopulationoverthelasttenyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intimacy

B.immortality

C.increment

D.incidence

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)intimacy表示“性關(guān)系，親密；親昵行為”；B選項(xiàng)immortality表示“不朽，不滅”；C選項(xiàng)increment表示“增量，增加，盈余”；D選項(xiàng)incidence表示“發(fā)生率，影響，后果”。由句意“在過去十年里，這個(gè)城市的人口只有少量”可知，只有C項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

6.單選題

Theultimategoalofthesuicidebomberistoforceareactiononthepartofthesoldierstargetedbytheattack,tomakethemseethecivilianpopulationaroundthemasapotentialenemy,andrespondaccordingly.Wheneveryciviliancarryawideattack,thenevensoldierswhoarenotnormallytrigger-happymaybegoadedbyfearintoharminginnocentpeople.Itisimportanttorealizethatstoppingthesuicideattackerbeforehe(orshe)commitshisattackisnexttoimpossible;hewillcertainlytrytodetonatehisexplosivesassoonasasoldierapproaches.

TheIsraeliarmyhasbeenforcedtodealwithsuicideattackersoverthepast20yearsinsouthernLebanon,aswellasmorerecentlyintheWestBankandGazastrip.TheIsraeliexperiencehasshownthattheonlyhopeofcounteringthisphenomenonliesinthwartingtheattackbeforetheattackersetsoutonhismission.

Thesuicidebomberisnotalone“crazy”actingoutofrage.Rather,heisthetipofanoperationalicebergconsistingofrecruiters,intelligencegatherers,bombmakers,andtrainers.

Alloftheseelementsarevulnerabletocounter-terroristoperations,providedthatonehasaccurateintelligenceandthemilitarycapabilitytoactdecisivelyagainstthem.

InIsraelsuchcounter-terroristoperationsoftentaketheformof“targetedkilling”operationsagainstthoseresponsibleforsendingthesuicidebomberonhismission.

However,iftheintelligenceneededtodothisislacking,itfallstodefensivemeasurestostoptheattack,oratleasttominimizethedamage.Roadblocks,check-points,andsurpriseinspectionscanhelpinlocatingthesuicideattackerandpreventinghimfromreachinghistarget.Precautionsmustbetakennottocreateeasytargetsforsuicideattacks,byavoidingtheconcentrationofsoldiersinoneplaceorhousingcommandcentersinmulti-storybuildings.

Indealingswiththecivilianpopulation,thepossibilityofboobytrapsmustbetakenintoaccount.Thussomeonewishingtosurrendershouldbecheckedfromadistancetoseethatheisnotcarryingexplosives.Vehiclesshouldbepreventedfromdirectlyenteringamilitarybaseorcheckpoint.Allservicesprovidedbymembersoftheindigenouspopulationshouldbesubjecttostringentsecuritychecks.

Themilitaryshouldalsobeawareofthepossibilityofmultiplesuicideattacks,whereexplosivesaredetonatedinsequenceinordertotargetfirstrespondersortoovercomeconsecutiveobstaclesinthewayofpenetrationofaprotectedspace.

Thepossibilityofsuicideoperationsonthemodernbattlefieldcomplicatesthemilitarycampaign,andrequiresawholedifferentmindsetfromthatneededforconventionalwarfare.Soldiersmustbemadeawareoftherisksandbereadytochangetheircollectivebehaviorinaccordancewiththechangingcircumstances,withoutplayingintotheenemy’shandsbytargetingthecivilianpopulation.

1.Thesuicidebombercommitssuicideto（）.

2.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat（）.

3.Inpreventingtheoccurrenceofsuicideattacks,counter-terroristoperationrequires（）.

4.Whoisoftenthefirsttargetedkillingforthecounter-terroristoperations?

5.Themilitarymaywalkstraightintothebombers’trapifthey（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.killhimself/herselfonly

B.revengeonthesoldiers

C.makethesoldiersseethecivilianpopulationaroundthemasapotentialenemy,andrespondaccordingly

D.killsomeinnocentpeopleoutofrage

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thesuicidebombersarewellorganized

B.thesuicidebombersoftenactaloneandnobodyhelpthem

C.mostofthesuicidebomberscommittheirattacksoutofcrazymotivation

D.mostofthesuicidebombersaretrainedinsouthernLebanon

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.onewithaccurateintelligence

B.onewiththemilitarycapabilitytoactdecisively

C.onewhohastakeneveryprecautionnottocreateeasytargetsforsuicideattacks

D.alloftheabove

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thesuicidebomber.

B.Thesuicidebomber’sleaders.

C.Thesurrender.

D.Thebombmaker.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.greettheonewhowishestosurrenderwithcarefulchecks

B.arealertallthetime

C.allowvehiclestoenterdirectlyintoamilitarybaseorcheckpoint

D.putallservicesprovidedbymembersoftheindigenouspopulationunderstringentsecuritychecks

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一段“Theultimategoalofthesuicidebomberistoforceareactiononthepartofthesoldierstargetedbytheattack,tomakethemseethecivilianpopulationaroundthemasapotentialenemy,andrespondaccordingly”可知，自殺式炸彈襲擊者的最終目標(biāo)是迫使被襲擊的士兵做出反應(yīng)，讓他們把周圍的平民視為潛在的敵人，并做出相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)。A項(xiàng)表示“只是自殺”；B項(xiàng)表示“報(bào)復(fù)士兵”；D項(xiàng)表示“出于泄憤而殺害一些無辜的人”，都與原文不符。因此，只有C項(xiàng)“讓士兵把周圍的平民視為潛在的敵人并相應(yīng)地做出反應(yīng)”符合原文表述，故本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第三段“Thesuicidebomberisnotalone“crazy”actingoutofrage.Rather,heisthetipofanoperationalicebergconsistingofrecruiters,intelligencegatherers,bombmakers,andtrainers.”可知，自殺式炸彈襲擊不是出于憤怒而單獨(dú)行動的“瘋狂”行為。相反，他只是由招聘者、情報(bào)收集員、炸彈制造者和訓(xùn)練人員構(gòu)成的操作團(tuán)體的冰山一角。由此可推測，自殺式炸彈襲擊者組織有序，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)表示“自殺炸彈襲擊者經(jīng)常單獨(dú)行動且沒人幫他們”；C項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)自殺炸彈襲擊者出于瘋狂的動機(jī)而進(jìn)行襲擊”；D項(xiàng)表示“大多數(shù)自殺式炸彈襲擊者在黎巴嫩南部參加訓(xùn)練”。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段“Alloftheseelementsarevulnerabletocounter-terroristoperations,providedthatonehasaccurateintelligenceandthemilitarycapabilitytoactdecisivelyagainstthem”可知，假如國家有準(zhǔn)確的情報(bào)和軍事能力對與自殺式炸彈襲擊相關(guān)的人員采取果斷的行動，那么這些相關(guān)人員就易受反恐行動的攻擊。故A項(xiàng)“一個(gè)國家有準(zhǔn)確的情報(bào)”和B項(xiàng)“一個(gè)國家有果斷行動的軍事能力”均正確。根據(jù)原文第六段“Precautionsmustbetakennottocreateeasytargetsforsuicideattacks”可知，一定要采取防范措施，以便不為自殺襲擊創(chuàng)造容易的目標(biāo)，故C項(xiàng)“一個(gè)國家已采取所有可能的防范措施，以便不為自殺襲擊創(chuàng)造容易的目標(biāo)”表述正確，因此，本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)“以上選項(xiàng)均正確”。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第五段“InIsraelsuchcounter-terroristoperationsoftentaketheformof“targetedkilling”operationsagainstthoseresponsibleforsendingthesuicidebomberonhismission”可知，在以色列，此類反恐行動通常采取“定點(diǎn)清除”形式，打擊那些將自殺式炸彈襲擊者送上戰(zhàn)場的人，故B項(xiàng)“自殺炸彈襲擊者的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“自殺炸彈襲擊者”；C項(xiàng)“投降者”：D項(xiàng)“炸彈制造者”。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第三段“Indealingswiththecivilianpopulation,thepossibilityofboobytrapsmustbetakenintoaccount.…Vehiclesshouldbepreventedfromdirectlyenteringamilitarybaseorcheckpoint.”可知，在應(yīng)對平民時(shí)，一定要考慮陷阱。應(yīng)該阻止車輛直接進(jìn)入軍事基地或檢查站，故C項(xiàng)表述符合題干要求。A項(xiàng)“迎接在仔細(xì)檢查下想要投降的人”；B項(xiàng)“一直是警惕的”；D項(xiàng)“對本地居民提供的所有服務(wù)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的安全檢查”。

7.單選題

Theotherdayanacquaintanceofmine,anoutgoingandcharmingman,toldmehehadfoundhimselfunexpectedlyaloneinNewYorkforanhourortwobetweenappointments.HewenttotheWhitneyandspentthe“empty”timelookingatthingsin（1）solitarydelight.Forhimitprovedtobeashocknearlyasgreatasfallingin（2）todiscoverthathecouldenjoyhimselfsomuchalone.Whathadhebeenafraidof,I（3）myself?That,suddenlyalone,hewoulddiscoverthatlieboredhimself,orthattherewas,quitesimply,noselftheretomeet?Buthavingtakentheplunge,heisnowonthebrinkof（4）;heisabouttobelaunchedintohisowninnerspace,spaceasimmense,unexploredandsometimesfrighteningasouterspacetotheastronaut.Hiseveryperceptionwillcometohimwithanewfreshnessand,foratime,seemstartlinglyoriginal.Foranyone（5）canseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeyebecomes,foramomentortwo,somethingofagenius.Withanotherhumanbeingpresentvisionbecomesdoublevision,inevitably.Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?The（6）impactgetslost,ordiffused.Lonelinessismostacutelyfeltwithotherpeople,forwithothers,（7）withaloversometimes,wesufferfromourdifferencesoftasteandmood.Alonewecanaffordtobewhollywhateverweareandtofeelwhatever（8）feelabsolutely.Thatisagreatluxury!Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatforthelasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasinglyrewarding.When1canwakeupandwatchthesunriseovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichto（9）afewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,liedownintheafternoonforalongthink(whydoesonethinkbetterina（10）position?),readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.very

B.such

C.so

D.much

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.love

B.emotion

C.fancy

D.passion

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.pondered

B.enquired

C.asked

D.thought

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.activity

B.adventure

C.excitement

D.danger

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.who

B.whom

C.that

D.they

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.original

B.basic

C.clear

D.lonely

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.although

B.still

C.even

D.but

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.one

B.they

C.us

D.we

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.inscribe

B.compose

C.cut

D.write

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.horizontal

B.vertical

C.painless

D.motionless

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:A

【解析】1.考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)very表示“非常，很；完全”；B選項(xiàng)such表示“這樣的，如此的”；C選項(xiàng)so表示“如此，這么；確是如此”；D選項(xiàng)much表示“非常，很”。第一句中出現(xiàn)了unexpectedlyalone，而空格后的solitary（a.孤獨(dú)的；獨(dú)居的）再次提及“孤獨(dú)”，因此空格處應(yīng)表示“如此的，這樣的”。so和such都可表示“如此的，這樣的”。so是副詞，修飾形容詞和副詞；而such是形容詞，修飾名詞。二者后面都接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，但用法不同。so的用法為：so+adj.+a（an）+n.；such的用法為：such+a（an）+adj.+n.。如果后面接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，則只能用such，故B項(xiàng)符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

2.考查邏輯關(guān)系。由第一句中的appointments以及空缺前的great可知這種感覺應(yīng)宛如“墜入愛河”一般美好，故可構(gòu)成“fallinlove墜入愛河”的A項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)emotion表示“情感；情緒”；C選項(xiàng)fancy表示“幻想；想象力；愛好”；D選項(xiàng)passion表示“激情；熱情”。

3.考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)空缺前“Whathadhebeenafraidof”可知，這是作者反問自己，故C選項(xiàng)ask符合句意。A選項(xiàng)ponder表示“仔細(xì)考慮；思考；衡量”；B選項(xiàng)enquire表示“詢問；打聽；調(diào)查”；D選項(xiàng)think表示“想；認(rèn)為；想起”。

4.考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)activity表示“活動；行動；活躍”；B選項(xiàng)adventure表示“冒險(xiǎn)；冒險(xiǎn)精祌；投機(jī)活動”；C選項(xiàng)excitement表示“興奮；刺激；令人興奮的事物”；D選項(xiàng)danger表示“危險(xiǎn)；危險(xiǎn)物；威脅”。根據(jù)空格前havingtakentheplunge（在冒險(xiǎn)嘗試后）可知，他現(xiàn)在是在冒險(xiǎn)，故B選項(xiàng)“冒險(xiǎn)”符合句意。

5.考查語法知識。空缺處及之后的canseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeye屬于空缺前anyone的后置定語從句。因此，空缺處應(yīng)為可充當(dāng)定語從句主語的關(guān)系代詞，故A項(xiàng)who正確。

6.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)original表示“最初的；開始的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的；新穎的”；B選項(xiàng)basic表示“基本的；基礎(chǔ)的”；C選項(xiàng)clear表示“清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的；無罪的”；D選項(xiàng)lonely表示“寂寞的；偏僻的”。由上文中的seemstartinglyoriginal以及后文中的Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?可知，如果旁邊有別人，我們會急于想知道自己同伴的看法以及自己的觀點(diǎn)，因此最初的印象就消失了。故original符合句意，本題正確選項(xiàng)為A項(xiàng)。

7.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)although表示“盡管；雖然；但是；然而”；B選項(xiàng)still表示“仍然；但是；盡管如此”；C選項(xiàng)even表示“甚至；即使”；D選項(xiàng)but表示“但是；然而”。根據(jù)句意可知，空缺處后的lover應(yīng)為空缺前others的進(jìn)一步說明，故C選項(xiàng)“even”符合語境，因此本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

8.考查邏輯關(guān)系。And連接兩個(gè)并列部分，由空缺前“whateverweare”可知，后文應(yīng)為“whateverwefeel”，故D項(xiàng)we正確。因此，本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)。

9.考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)inscribe表示“題獻(xiàn)；銘記;雕”；B選項(xiàng)compose表示“構(gòu)成；創(chuàng)作，排版；使平靜”；C選項(xiàng)cut表示“切割；剪短；釋放”；D選項(xiàng)write表示“書寫；寫信給；著述”。由空缺后afewpages可知，D選項(xiàng)write符合句意，故本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)。

10.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)horizontal表示“水平的；地平線的；同一階層的”；B選項(xiàng)vertical表示“垂直的；頂點(diǎn)的；縱向的”；C選項(xiàng)painless表示“無痛的；不痛的”；D選項(xiàng)motionless表示“靜止的；不運(yùn)動的”。由空缺前l(fā)iedown以及thinkbetter可知，躺著的時(shí)候可以更好地思考，故A項(xiàng)horizontal符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Mr.Jonesholdsstrongviewsagainstvideogamesand（

）theclosingofallrecreationfacilitiesforsuchgames.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assists

B.acknowledges

C.advocates

D.admits

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)assist表示“幫助，協(xié)助”；B項(xiàng)acknowledge表示“致謝，承認(rèn)”；C項(xiàng)advocate表示“提倡，擁護(hù)”；D項(xiàng)admit表示“承認(rèn)，容許”。根據(jù)句中against可知作者反對電子游戲，所以應(yīng)該支持closingtherecreationfacilities。句意：瓊斯先生強(qiáng)烈反對電子游戲，提倡關(guān)閉所有的電子游戲娛樂設(shè)施。故本題正確答案為C。

9.單選題

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow."Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,"saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaround5%ayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85%ofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwould'vehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension（）.

2.Iftheretiree'spensionislessthan$5,000,itiswiseofhimto（）.

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.askthecompanyforalump-sumpayout

B.requirehisformerbosstofigureoutthevalueofhispension

C.takethepensionwithhimandmakeaprofitoutofit

D.collectthepensionathisretirementplan'snormalretirementage

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.earnlessinterest

B.bebetteroilthanwithatraditionalpension

C.startinvestmentimmediately

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed

B.LeaveEarly,LoseBig

C.TheRetirementDilemma

D.TakethePensionwithYou

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlostbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一段You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow以及第二段Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.可知，如果你之前的工作有傳統(tǒng)養(yǎng)老金，那么退休之后你就得到一筆一定數(shù)目的養(yǎng)老金。故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：如果退休人員的養(yǎng)老金賬戶不足5000美元，他怎么做會比較明智。根據(jù)原文第二段Ifit’slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000可知，如果少于5000美元，或者公司提供一次性支付，那么就會關(guān)閉養(yǎng)老金賬戶，把錢取出來做20年額投資，以8%的利率計(jì)算就是23000美元。由此可知C選項(xiàng)“拿著養(yǎng)老金（投資）賺取利潤”最符合題意，故本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.可知，如果你有固定繳款計(jì)劃，而你提前退休了，那么問題就出現(xiàn)了。你開始把錢花在本可以賺取利息的投資項(xiàng)目上。后面舉例說明：如果你在55歲時(shí)退休，然后開始使用傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老金，那么到65歲時(shí)，你的養(yǎng)老金只有你一直工作到65歲時(shí)的一半左右。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“賺得的利息變少”最符合題意，故本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問：下列哪一項(xiàng)適合作為最后三段的小標(biāo)題？分析原文可知，文章最后三段主要講的是提前退休與養(yǎng)老金的關(guān)系，過早退休開始使用養(yǎng)老金，會比工作到正常退休年齡損失大。因此，B選項(xiàng)“提前退休，損失巨大”最適合作為最后三段的標(biāo)題，故本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問：下列哪一項(xiàng)表述不正確？選項(xiàng)B表示“如果一個(gè)人了解退休養(yǎng)老汁劃的運(yùn)行機(jī)制，那么提前退休是劃算的”明顯錯誤，由最后一段可知，提前退休會造成養(yǎng)老金減少，所以提前退休損失很大。其余選項(xiàng)與原文表述均相符，故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

Itiswellknownthatteenageboystendtodobetter（1）maththangirls,thatmalehighschoolstudentsaremorelikelythantheirfemalecounterparts

（2）advancedmathcourseslikecalculus,thatvirtuallyallthegreatmathematicians

（3）

men.Arewomenbornwith（4）mathematicalability?Ordoessociety’ssexismslowtheirprogress?In1980,twoJohnsHopkinsUniversityresearcherstried

（5）theeternalnature/nurturedebate.JulianStanleyandCamillaBenbow

（6）10,000talentedseventhandeighthgradersbetween1972and1979.UsingtheScholasticAptitudeTest,inwhichmathquestionsaremeanttomeasureabilityratherthanknowledge,theydiscovered

（7）sexdifferences.（8）

theverbalabilitiesofthemalesandfemales

（9）differed,twiceasmanyboysasgirlsscoredover500(onascaleof200to800)onmathematicalability;atthe700level,theratiowas14to1.Theconclusion:maleshave

（10

）superiormathematicalreasoningability.

BenbowandStanley’sfindings,（11）werepublishedin“Science”，disturbedsomemenand（12）women.NowthereiscomfortforthosepeopleinanewstudyfromtheUniversityofChicagothatsuggestsmath

（13）not,afterall,anaturalmaledomain.Prof.ZalmanUsiskinstudied1,366tenthgraders.Theywereselectedfromgeometryclassesandtestedontheirabilitytosolvegeometryproofs,asubjectrequiring（

14）—abstractreasoningandspatialability.Theconclusion（15）byUsiskin:therearenosexdifferencesinmathability.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.at

B.top

C.of

D.about

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.intackling

B.tackling

C.totackle

D.abouttackling

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mightbe

B.havebeen

C.mustbe

D.hadbeen

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.smaller

B.less

C.fewer

D.notmore

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.tosettle

B.toset

C.settling

D.setting.

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.weretested

B.havetested

C.weretesting

D.hadtested

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.distinct

B.instinct

C.remotes

D.vague

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.Since

B.However

C.As

D.While

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.scarcelynot

B.virtually

C.largely

D.hardly.

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.superficially

B.universally

C.inherently

D.initially,

問題11選項(xiàng)