2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號91

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Lymediseaseiscausedbybacteriathatare（）bydeertick.

問題1選項

A.emitted

B.transmitted

C.communicated

D.distributed

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。B選項transmitted意為“傳播，傳染（疾?。薄＞湟猓喝R姆病是一種由鹿蜱傳播的細菌所（）的疾病。A選項emitted發(fā)出，發(fā)射；B選項transmitted傳播，傳染（疾?。?；C選項communicated傳達，表達；D選項distributed分配，散布。B選項transmitted符合句意

2.單選題

Perfectcertaintybelongsonlytothegods；therestofushavetomakedowithscienceandits（）.

問題1選項

A.imperfections

B.conclusions

C.methodologies

D.hyperbole

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：完美只屬于上帝，其余的我們必須用科學(xué)彌補。imperfections不完美；conclusions結(jié)論；methodologies方法論；hyperbole夸張。故選A。

3.單選題

Hefoundhisnewacquaintancetobe（）:tryingtounderstandherpersonalitywaslike

peeringintoanunknowndimension.

問題1選項

A.cosmopolitan

B.imperturbable

C.inscrutable

D.puerile

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)他新結(jié)識的朋友

，嘗試了解她的性格就如同窺探未知的領(lǐng)域。

cosmopolitan世界性的；世界主義的，四海一家的；imperturbable冷靜的；泰然自若的；inscrutable神秘的；不可理解的；不能預(yù)測的；不可思議的；puerile幼稚的；孩子氣的；未成熟的；天真的。因此，C項符合句意。

4.單選題

Veryfewpeopleunderstoodhislecture,thesubjectofwhichwasvery（）.

問題1選項

A.intelligible

B.obscure

C.dim

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：很少有人能理解他的演說，內(nèi)容太

。

intelligible可理解的，明白易懂的；obscure晦澀的，昏暗的；dim暗淡的，模糊的；conspicuous顯著的，出眾的。句子前半句說“很少有人能理解他的演說”，由此推斷，B項符合句意。

5.單選題

Johnwasnotselected（）;hewaschosenforthejobbecausehehadthemostexperience.

問題1選項

A.deliberately

B.alternatively

C.momentously

D.arbitrarily

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：John并不是被（）選擇的；他被選來承擔(dān)這份工作是因為他擁有的工作經(jīng)驗最豐富。

deliberately故意地，謹慎地，慎重地；alternatively非此即彼，二者擇一地；momentously重大地；arbitrarily隨意地，武斷地。D選項“隨意地”符合句意。

6.單選題

Mr.Smithbecamevery（）whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

問題1選項

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)史密斯先生被暗示犯了一個錯誤時，他變得非常（）。ingenious靈敏的，聰明的；empirical以事實為依據(jù)的；objective客觀的；indignant憤怒的。故選D。

7.單選題

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventu-allybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftheewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughouturope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearninganddealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohu-man—asopposedtospiritual—values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafter-life—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingtheleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellaseligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.

ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed，experienced,discussed,anddis-seminated.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebe-ingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewrit-ingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandlit-erature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof().

3.Accordingtothepassage,RenaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentionsEX-CEPT().

4.Theword“disseminated”inline16isclosestinmeaningto()

5.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenais-sancemusicalstyle?

問題1選項

A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenais-sance.

B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.

C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle.

D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.

問題2選項

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

問題3選項

A.usingreligiousthemes

B.portrayingonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

C.producingartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

D.creatingworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

問題4選項

A.played

B.documented

C.spread

D.analyzed

問題5選項

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle.

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle.

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians.

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章開頭介紹了“復(fù)興”一詞的來源及興起。第二段寫文藝復(fù)興影響人們音樂思考和音樂創(chuàng)作的方式。第三段寫這一時期的音樂風(fēng)格多變，很難定義為單一的音樂類型。C項對文意的概括比較全面，所以C項正確。

2.第一段指出：Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman—asopposedtospiritual一values（對于這些學(xué)者而言，文藝復(fù)興意味著對人類價值而非精神方面的回歸）。C項“重視人類價值觀的主張”符合原文意思。

3.B項“僅僅描述人生經(jīng)歷中快樂的部分”不是藝術(shù)家和作家的目的，故選B。

4.“disseminated”出現(xiàn)在第二段:ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,anddisseminated.（這些觀點的改變深深地影響了文藝復(fù)興時期的音樂文化——人們思考音樂的方式以及音樂的創(chuàng)作、體驗、爭議和）。所以，C項spread“傳播”正確。

5.第三段指出：musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle（在本世紀(jì)半葉，音樂變化如此之快，盡管在不同的國家以不同的速度變化，但我們無法定義一種文藝復(fù)興風(fēng)格）。所以“changedsorapidly”是原因，D項“音樂無法長時間的保持一種形式”正確。

8.單選題

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancial（）forthenextfiscal

yearwasoptimistic;theyexpectincreasedtaxrevenues.

問題1選項

A.outlook

B.oversight

C.notion

D.subject

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：城市規(guī)劃委員會表示，他們對下一個財政年度的財務(wù)前景持樂觀態(tài)度；他們預(yù)計稅收會增加。

9.單選題

Thenewsitemaboutthefireisfollowedbyadetailedreportmade（）.

問題1選項

A.onthelocation

B.onthesite

C.onthespot

D.ontheground

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。句意：火災(zāi)的新聞之后是一份詳細的現(xiàn)場報告。因此選C。

10.單選題

Racket,dinclamor,noise,whateveryouwanttocallit,unwantedsoundisAmerica’smostwidespreadnuisance.Butnoiseismorethanjustanuisance.Itconstitutesarealandpresentdangertopeople’shealth.Dayandnight,athome,atwork,andatplay,noisecanproduceseriousphysicalandpsychologicalstress.Nooneisimmunetothisstress.Thoughweseemtoadjusttonoisebyignoringit,theear,infact,neverclosesandthebodystillresponds——sometimeswithextremetension,astoastrangesoundinthenight.

Theannoyancewefeelwhenfacedwithnoiseisthemostcommonoutwardsymptomofthestressbuildingupinsideus.Indeed,becauseirritabilityissoapparent,legislatorshavemadepublicannoy-ancethebasisofmanynoiseabatementprograms.Themoresubtleandmoreserioushealthhazardsassociatedwithstresscausedbynoisetraditionallyhavebeengivenmuchlessattention.Nevertheless,whenweareannoyedormadeirritablebynoise,weshouldconsiderthesesymptomsfairwarningthatotherthingmaybehappeningtous,someofwhichmaybedamagingtoourhealth.Ofmanyhealthhazardstonoise,hearinglossisthemostclearlyobservableandmeasurablebyhealthprofessionals.Theotherhazardsarehardertopindown.Formanyofus,theremaybeariskthatexposuretothestressofnoiseincreasessusceptibilitytodiseaseandinfection.Themoresusceptibleamongusmayexperiencenoiseasacomplicatingfactorinheartproblemsandotherdiseases.Noisethatcausesan-noyanceandirritabilityinhealthpersonsmayhaveseriousconsequencesforthesealreadyillinmindorbody.

Noiseaffectsusthroughoutourlives.Forexample,thereareindicationsofeffectsontheunbornchildwhenmothersareexposedtoindustrialandenvironmentalnoise.Duringinfancyandchildhood,youngstersexposedtohighnoiselevelsmayhavetroublefallingasleepandobtainingnecessarya-mountsofrest.

Why,then,istherenotgreateralarmaboutthesedangers?Perhapsitisbecausethelinkbe-tweennoiseandmanydisabilitiesordiseaseshasnotyetbeenconclusivelydemonstrated.Perhapsitisbecausewetendtodismissannoyanceasapricetopayforlivinginthemodernworld.Itmayalsobebecausewestillthinkofhearinglossasonlyanoccupationalhazard.

1.InParagraph1,thephrase“immuneto”isusedtomean（）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardnoisewouldbestbedescribedas（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?

4.Theauthorcondemnsnoiseessentiallybecauseit（）.

5.Theauthorwouldprobablyconsiderresearchabouttheeffectsnoisehasonpeopletobe（）.

問題1選項

A.unaffectedby

B.hurtby

C.unlikelytobeseenby

D.unknownby

問題2選項

A.unrealistic

B.traditional

C.concerned

D.hysterical

問題3選項

A.Noiseisamajorproblem;mostpeoplerecognizeitsimportance.

B.Althoughnoisecanbeannoying,itisnotamajorproblem.

C.Noiseisamajorproblemandhasnotyetbeenrecognizedassuch.

D.Noiseisamajorproblemaboutwhichnothingcanbedone.

問題4選項

A.isagainstthelaw

B.canmakesomepeopleirritable

C.isanuisance

D.isadangertopeople’shealth

問題5選項

A.unimportant

B.impossible

C.awasteofmoney

D.essential

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)“immuneto”定位至其后面一句：Thoughweseemtoadjusttonoisebyignoringit,theear,infact,neverclosesandthebodystillresponds（盡管我們似乎通過忽視噪音來適應(yīng)噪音，但實際上，耳朵永遠不會關(guān)閉，身體仍然會做出反應(yīng)），由此推斷我們不可能不受噪音的影響，選項A"unaffectedby”表示“不受影響”。

2.文章最后一段提出：為什么人們沒有對噪音問題更為警醒，并且后面給出了若干猜測的理由，都指出了人們對噪音問題不夠重視，說明作者十分關(guān)注噪音對人類的健康產(chǎn)生的影響，因此C項正確。

3.文章第一段和最后一段的大意為：噪音已經(jīng)成為一個普遍的問題，但是人們并沒有重視噪音對人體健康產(chǎn)生的危害。選項C表示“噪音是一個主流問題，但并沒有被充分意識到”符合題意。

4.文章指出：噪音會對人體的身心健康產(chǎn)生危害，并且圍繞這一點展開，因此D選項“對人們的健康是一種威脅”符合題意。

5.最后一段指出：人們對噪音對健康的危害不夠重視，并且噪音和疾病以及殘疾之間的關(guān)系并沒有得到證實，由此推斷，作者認為對噪音的研究是有必要的，可以以此喚醒人們對此的注意，故選項Dessential“有必要的”符合題意。

11.單選題

Inrecentyears,teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable.Today,excellentanthologies（文選）andotherintroductorytextsexist,andbooksonindividualAsianAmeri-cansarepublishedalmostweekly.Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttode-cidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents；non-expertswhoteachinrelatedareasandarelookingforwritingsforandbyAsianAmericantoincludeinsurveycoursesareinanevenworseposition.

Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias.Suchworkswouldena-blestudentstakingAsianAmericanstudiescourses（andprofessorsinrelatedfields）tolookupbasicinformationonAsianAmericanindividuals,institutions,history,andculturewithouthavingtowadethrough（費力地閱讀冗長或艱深的材料）mountainsofprimarysourcematerial.Inaddition,given

suchworks,AsianAmericanstudiesprofessorsmightfeelmorefreetoincludemorechallengingAsianAmericanmaterialintheirintroductoryreadinglists,sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoac-quireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.The“dilemma”(Line2，Para.1)canbestbecharacterizedasbeingcausedbythenecessitytomakeachoicewhenfacedwitha（）

3.Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopediasare（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedabouttheintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudiesafewdecadesago?

5.Accordingtothepassage,theexistenceofgoodone-volumereferenceworksaboutAsianAmeri-canscouldresultin（）

問題1選項

A.respondingtoacriticism

B.describingacourseofstudy

C.discussingaproblem

D.evaluatingapastcourseofaction

問題2選項

A.lackofacceptablealternatives

B.lackofstrictstandardsforevaluatingalternatives

C.preponderanceofbadalternativesascomparedtogood

D.multitudeofdifferentalternatives

問題3選項

A.primarysourcematerials

B.introductorytexts

C.excellentanthologies

D.referencematerials

問題4選項

A.Therangeofdifferenttextbooksthatcouldbeassignedforsuchwasextremelylimited.

B.Thetextsassignedasreadingsinsuchcourseswereoftennotverychallengingforstudents.

C.Studentsoftencomplainedaboutthetextsassignedtothem,insuchcourses.

D.Suchcourseswereofferedonlyatschoolswhoselibrarieswererichinprimarysources.

問題5選項

A.increasedagreementamongprofessorsofAsianAmericanstudiesregardingthequalityofthesourcesavailableintheirfield

B.anincreaseinthenumberofstudentssighingupforintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudies

C.increasedaccuracyinwritingsthatconcernAsianAmericanhistoryandculture

D.theinclusionofawiderrangeofAsianAmericanmaterialinintroductoryreadinglistsinAsi-anAmericanstudies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。本文主要講述了亞美研究中教授基礎(chǔ)課程的老師一直面臨著不知道向?qū)W生推薦哪本教科書的困境。因此C項正確。

2.細節(jié)題。第一段指出：Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttodecidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents（即使是這個領(lǐng)域的專家也很難推薦教科書），因此，D項“面臨多種選擇的困境”正確。

3.細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopedias”定位至第二段：Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias（一個復(fù)雜的原因是在亞裔美國人身上一直缺乏專門的一卷參考書，如傳記詞典或桌面百科全書）。因此，D項referencematerials（參考資料）正確。

4.細節(jié)題。第一段指出：Inrecentyears，teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable（近幾年來，亞美研究入門課程的教師們面臨著幾十年前不存在的兩難境地，當(dāng)時幾乎沒有這方面的教材）。因此，A項“能用作教科書的資料極其有限”正確。

5.細節(jié)題。第二段指出：sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoacquireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial（因為好的參考資料可以讓學(xué)生獲得必要的背景信息并解讀難的不熟悉的資料）。因此D項“包含在更廣泛的亞美研究的閱讀書目中”正確。

12.單選題

Thoughsometimes（）alltoooftentechnologyisseenasapanaceaforthegreateconomic,social,andpoliticalchallengesfacingthenationasitembarksonthepathofmodernization.

問題1選項

A.expensive

B.effective

C.ignored

D.calamitous

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：盡管技術(shù)有時（），但常常被視為應(yīng)對高速經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和現(xiàn)代化道路中面臨

的政治挑戰(zhàn)的靈丹妙藥。expensive昂貴的；effective有效的；ignored被忽視的；calamitous災(zāi)難的。因此，C項符合句意。

13.單選題

Ashasalwaysbeenthecasewhentragedyhasstruckourcommunity,thepeopleofourtownfeeltheobligation,andrightlyso,to（）insupportofthevictimandhisfamily.

問題1選項

A.entrench

B.rally

C.disseminate

D.apologize

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。句意：當(dāng)社會內(nèi)有悲劇事情發(fā)生時，我們鎮(zhèn)的居民感到有義務(wù)，（）以支持受害者和他的家人。entrench保衛(wèi)、防護；rally重整、團結(jié)；disseminate散播、宣傳；apologizes道歉。B項rallyin意為“舉行集會”符合句意。

14.單選題

Asforloveofchildren,thisloveis（）expressedthroughsupplyingmaterialcomforts,a-musements,andeducationalopportunities.

問題1選項

A.increasingly

B.tolerably

C.dynamically

D.obediently

【答案】A

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：至于對孩子的愛，這種愛總是表現(xiàn)在

為他們提供物質(zhì)上的安逸，玩樂和

教育的機會。increasingly逐漸地；tolerably可容忍地；dynamically充滿活力地；obediently服從地。

因此，A項符合句意。

15.單選題

Heistheauthorofthisnovelwithhigh（）inthecountry.

問題1選項

A.coherence

B.prestige

C.consequence

D.commitment

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：他是這本小說的作者，在這個國家有很高的（）。coherence統(tǒng)一，連貫性；prestige聲望，名望；consequence結(jié)果，推論，重要性；commitment承諾，委托。因此，B項符合句意。

16.單選題

We（）thathecannotfinishtheworkbeforeJune15.

問題1選項

A.prosecute

B.meddle

C.presume

D.mingle

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：我們他不能在六月十五號之前完成工作。prosecute起訴；meddle干涉；presume假設(shè)，認為；mingle使混合，與……交往。因此，C項符合句意。

17.單選題

Thereceptionwasattendedby（）membersofthelocalcommunity.

問題1選項

A.excellent

B.conspicuous

C.prominent

D.noticeable

【答案】C

【解析】C選項prominent意為“突出的；著名的”。句意：參加這次招待會的是當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的（）人士。A選項excellent極好的；B選項conspicuous顯而易見的；C選項prominent突出的；著名的；D選項noticeable引人注目的，C選項prominent符合句意。

18.單選題

Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen（）,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluences.

問題1選項

A.spontaneously

B.simultaneously

C.homogeneously

D.instantaneously

【答案】A

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：盡管大多數(shù)的夢明顯是（）出現(xiàn)的，夢境活動也可能受到外界的影響。

spontaneously自然地，不由自主地；simultaneously同時地；homogeneously同樣地；instantaneously即刻，突如其來地。因此，A項spontaneously符合句意。

19.單選題

Picture-takingisatechniquebothforannexingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexist,thoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperament,discoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatis,photographyhastwoantitheticalideals:inthefirst,photographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecond,photographyistheinstrumentofintrepid,questingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.

Theseconflictingidealsarisefromafundamentaluneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentin“taking”apicture.Accordingly,theidealofaphotographerasanobserverisattractivebecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicture-takingisanaggressiveact.Theissue,ofcourse,isnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimply,andessentially,benevolent.Asaconsequence,oneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.

Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whatevertheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressiononaparwithpainting,itsoriginalityisinextricablylinkedtothepowersofamachine.Thesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographs,likeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticated,moreautomated,somephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmed,preferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitsimposedbypremoderncameratechnologybecauseacruder,lesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresults,toleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.Forexample,ithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographers,includingWalkerEvansandCartierBresson,torefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentof“fastseeing”.CartierBresson,infact,claimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.

Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefuture(offasterandfasterseeing)alternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpast—whenimageshadahandmadequality.Thisnostalgiaforsomepristinestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandthewokofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographs,itseems,needperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.

1.Accordingtothepassage,interestamongphotographersineachofphotography’stwoidealscanbedescribedas（）

2.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith

（）

3.TheauthormentionstheworkofHaroldEdgertoninordertoprovideanexampleof（）

4.Accordingtothepassage,thetwoantitheticalidealsofphotographydifferprimarilyinthe

（）

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbemostlikelytobegintheparagraphimmediatelyfollow-ingthepassage?

問題1選項

A.rapidlychanging

B.cyclicallyrecurring

C.steadilygrowing

D.unimportanttotheviewersofphotographs

問題2選項

A.establishingnewtechnicalstandardsforcontemporaryphotography

B.analyzingtheinfluenceofphotographicidealsonpicture-taking

C.tracingthedevelopmentofcameratechnologyinthetwentiethcentury

D.describinghowphotographers’individualtemperamentsarereflectedintheirwork

問題3選項

A.howacontrolledambivalencetowardphotography’smeanscanproduceoutstandingpictures

B.howthecontentofphotographshaschangedfromthenineteenthcenturytothetwentieth

C.thepopularityofhigh-speedphotographyinthetwentiethcentury

D.therelationshipbetweenphotographicoriginalityandtechnology

問題4選項

A.valuethateachplacesonthebeautyofthefinishedproduct

B.emphasisthateachplacesontheemotionalimpactofthefinishedproduct

C.degreeoftechnicalknowledgethateachrequiresofthephotographer

D.wayinwhicheachdefinestheroleofthephotographer

問題5選項

A.Photographers,asaresultoftheirheightenedawarenessoftime,areconstantlytryingtocap-tureeventsandactionsthatarefleeting.

B.Thusthecultofthefuture,theworshipofmachinesandspeed,isfirmlyestablishedinspiteofeffortstothecontrarybysomephotographers.

C.Therejectionoftechnicalknowledge,however,canneverbecompleteandphotographycan-notforanylengthoftimepretendthatithasnoweapons.

D.Thepointofhonorinvolvedinrejectingcomplexequipmentis,however,ofnosignificancetotheviewerofaphotograph.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.第二段最后一句提到兩種理想拍照方式中總會有一種在某段時間內(nèi)被重新發(fā)現(xiàn)并占主要地位。所以說拍攝者的興趣在兩種理想模式間是循環(huán)往復(fù)的，故B項正確。

2.作者最后說明了兩種拍照理念對于攝影發(fā)展的影響。所以B項“分析拍攝理念對于攝影的影響”符合文意，B項正確。

3.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位至第三段：Whatevertheclaimsthatphotographymight....Thesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographs,likeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke”。作者以HaroldEdgerton為例，說明了攝影師和機器設(shè)備之間的關(guān)系。D項正確。

4.第二段第一句話:“Theseconflictingidealsarisefromafundamentaluneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentintakingapicture.”。這兩種對立的觀念主要在于攝影師和旁觀者在攝影時是否扮演著積極的角色。D項正確。

5.題干問的是“文章接下來將會討論什么？”最后一句話為：Photographersandviewersofphotographs,itseems,needperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness（攝影師和旁觀者似乎需要質(zhì)疑自己對攝影的認知）。由此可推測，文章接下來將會繼續(xù)講解與拍照認知有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。所以C項正確。

20.單選題

Theseexcursionswillgiveyouanevendeeper（）intoourlanguageandculture.

問題1選項

A.inquiry

B.investigation

C.input

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。inquiry詢問，調(diào)查；investigation調(diào)查，研究；input輸入，投入；insight深入了解，深刻見解。句意：這次短途旅行會使你對我們的語言和文化有更加深入的

。因此D選項符合句意。

21.單選題

IthinkKimwouldbegreatforthejob.Herworkrecordis（）.

問題1選項

A.impeccable

B.enriched

C.rudimentary

D.tarnished

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：我認為Kim可以勝任這份工作。她的工作記錄是（）。

impeccable無瑕疵的，沒有缺點的；enriched濃縮的，強化的；rudimentary基本的，殘遺的

未發(fā)展的；tarnished生銹的，有污點的。選項A符合句意。

22.單選題

Bethworkedhardto（）inwiththelocalsduringhervisit.

問題1選項

A.encounter

B.blend

C.merge

D.adapt

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：貝絲在她的訪問期間努力地（）當(dāng)?shù)厝酥小?/p>

encounter遭遇，邂逅，遇到；blend混合，協(xié)調(diào)，融入；merge合并，使合并，吞，沒；adapt適應(yīng)，改變。

選項Bblendinwith為固定搭配，表示“融入，融合”，符合句意。

23.單選題

Manyyearsagopeoplethoughttheearthwasflat.Theybelievedthatthesky（）abigup-side-downbowlandthatthesun,moon,andstarswerelampshangingfromthetopofthebowl.Later,people（）better.Theyfoundoutthattheearth（）round.

Wecallthestudyoftheskiesandtheplanetsastronomy,（）wecallthewatchersoftheskiesastronomer.EarlyastronomersthoughttheearthwasthecenterofTheythoughttheheavensspun（）theearth.Later,theychangedtheir（）Theyknewtheearthwasnotthecenter.Theybelievedthattheearthandthe（）planetsspinaroundthesun.Todayweknowthisistrue.

Ancientscientistsstudiedtheskies（）simpleinstruments.Thefirstperson（）atele-scopewasnamedGalileo.In1610（）fourmoonsaroundtheplanetJupiter.Today（）usemorecomplexequipment.Someofthesemeasurethebrightnessoflight.（）breaklightsupintodifferentcolors.Radiotelescopesmakestarsandplanets（）farcloserthanGalileo’stelescopecould.Earlyastronomers（）fiveplanetsinthesky.BesidesEarth,theyknewaboutmercury,Ve-nus,Mars,Jupiter,andSaturn.In1781aseventhonewasdiscoveredandnamedUranus.Yearslat-er,astronomersfoundanotherplanetandcalleditNeptune.TheninthplanettobefoundiscalledPluto.Itwasnot（）until1930.

Todayscientistscan（）almostanywhere.Theyhavereachedtheheavenswiththeirspace-craft.In1959,aspacecraft（）tookpicturesofthedarksideofthemoon.TheyearslateraspacecraftlandedtwoAmericansonthemoon.Otherimportantjourneysintospace（）.Whoknows?Maybe（）humanbeingswillliveonanotherplanet.Maybeyouwillbeoneofthem.

問題1選項

A.is

B.was

C.hadbeen

D.were

問題2選項

A.spoke

B.told

C.knew

D.swore

問題3選項

A.was

B.hadbeen

C.is

D.were

問題4選項

A.and

B.but

C.yet

D.still

問題5選項

A.anything

B.nothing

C.something

D.everything

問題6選項

A.around

B.round

C.about

D.along

問題7選項

A.jobs

B.minds

C.suggestion

D.advice

問題8選項

A.other

B.another

C.rest

D.remained

問題9選項

A.by

B.on

C.with

D.within

問題10選項

A.touse

B.used

C.uses

D.ofusing

問題11選項

A.invented

B.created

C.saw

D.discovered

問題12選項

A.musicians

B.carpenters

C.astronomers

D.scholars

問題13選項

A.Theothers

B.Others

C.Another

D.Theother

問題14選項

A.look

B.looking

C.tolook

D.looks

問題15選項

A.couldhaveseen

B.couldsee

C.hadseen

D.saw

問題16選項

A.trapped

B.served

C.discovered

D.settled

問題17選項

A.run

B.explore

C.play

D.relax

問題18選項

A.first

B.firstly

C.forthefirst

D.firstofall

問題19選項

A.followed

B.hadfollowed

C.werefollowing

D.follow

問題20選項

A.someday

B.someday

C.somedays

D.somedays

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:D

第12題:C

第1