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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-云南大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Heisproudofhischildrenthatheoften()abouttheirsmallachievement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exaggerates

B.asserts

C.boasts

D.toasts

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。exaggerate“夸大”;assert“斷言”;boast“吹噓”。exaggerate符合句意。本句意為“他為他的孩子們而感到驕傲,他經(jīng)??浯笏麄兊男〕删汀?,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thespontaneousmovementofwateracrossamembrane,(

)gradientofwaterconcentrationiscalledosmosis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.drivesa

B.drivenbya

C.hasdriven

D.drove

【答案】B

【解析】語法(分詞短語做后置定語)題。首先固定搭配‘a(chǎn)gradientof’,所以排除C和D選項(xiàng),其次,Thespontaneousmovement與空格后的gradientofwaterconcentration是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以B選項(xiàng)的過去分詞短語做主語的后置定語正確。整句話的句意是‘在水的濃度梯度驅(qū)使下,水分子通過半透膜的自主運(yùn)動(dòng)叫做滲透作用’。

3.單選題

Beingcriticalanddictatorial,thebosswould()discussionsandignorecommentsnotinagreementswithhis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilitate

B.illustrate

C.illuminate

D.dominate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)facilitate“促進(jìn)、幫助”;B選項(xiàng)illustrate“說明、闡明”;C選項(xiàng)illuminate“說明、照亮”;D選項(xiàng)dominate“控制、支配”,句意為:由于老板的挑剔和獨(dú)裁,他會(huì)主導(dǎo)討論,忽視與他意見不一致的意見。因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

Whenphotographinganobjectfromdifferentviewpoints,thephotographer'sperspectiveof(

)changes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofwhatisseeing

B.seeingwhat

C.itseeswhat

D.whatitsees

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格部分為介詞of的賓語,所以填入一個(gè)賓語從句。特殊疑問詞可引導(dǎo)賓語從句,并且要用陳述語序。句意:當(dāng)從不同的角度拍攝一個(gè)物體時(shí),攝影師對(duì)它所看到的東西的視覺會(huì)發(fā)生變化。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.寫作題

Directions:Chooseoneofthetwotopicstodevelopanessayofabout300words.

1.“Allyouneedinthislifeisignoranceandconfidence;thensuccessissure.”Howdoyouunderstandthisstatement?Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainhowtocultivateconfidenceandachievesuccess.

2.Itisgenerallybelievedthatreadingiscrucialtothinkingindependently.Doyouagreeordisagree?Illustrateyourpointsofviewontherelationshipbetweenreadingandthinking.

【答案】略

6.單選題

Thisleadsrecordcompaniestotreatmusiciansascontractedartistswhoarenotpaidafixedsumfortheirlabor-time,butinsteadreceiveroyaltiesin(

)totheirsuccess.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.addition

B.relation

C.percentage

D.proportion

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:這導(dǎo)致唱片公司把音樂家當(dāng)成簽約藝術(shù)家,他們無法獲得固定的工資,但是當(dāng)他們成功后可以獲得一定比例的版稅。inproportionto“與某事物成比例”,因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Universitiesareinstitutionsthatteachawidevarietyofsubjectsatadvancedlevels.Theyalsocarryoutresearchworkaimed(1)extendingman’sknowledgeofthesesubjects.Theemphasisgiventoeachofthesefunctions(2)fromuniversitytouniversity,accordingtotheviewsofthepeoplein(3)andaccordingtotheresourcesavailable.

Smallerandneweruniversitiesdonot(4)thestafforequipmenttocarryoutthe(5)researchprojectspossibleinlargerinstitutions.(6)mostexpertsagreethatsomeresearchactivityis(7)tokeepthestaffandtheirstudentsin(8)withthelatestdevelopmentsintheirsubjects.

Moststudentsattendauniversitymainlyto(9)theknowledgeneededfortheirchosen(10).Educationistsbelievethatthisaimshouldnotbethe(11)one.Universitieshavealwaysaimedtoproducemenandwomen(12)judgmentandwisdomaswellasknowledge.Forthisreason,they(13)studentstomeetotherswithdiffering(14)andtoreadwidelyto(15)theirunderstandinginmanyfieldsofstudy.(16)asecondaryschoolcourse,astudentshouldbeinterestedenoughinasubjecttoenjoygainingknowledgeforitsown(17).Heshouldbepreparedto(18)sacrificestostudyhischosen(19)indepth.Heshouldhaveanambitiontomakesome(20)contributiontoman’sknowledge.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.at

B.by

C.to

D.in

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.turns

B.ranges

C.moves

D.varies

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.prospect

B.place

C.control

D.favor

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.occupy

B.possess

C.involve

D.spare

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.maximum

B.medium

C.virtual

D.vast

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.But

B.As

C.While

D.For

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.natural

B.essential

C.functional

D.optional

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.coordination

B.accordance

C.touch

D.grasp

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.acquire

B.accept

C.endure

D.ensure

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.procession

B.profession

C.possession

D.preference

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.typical

B.true

C.mere

D.only

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.under

C.on

D.through

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.prompt

B.provoke

C.encourage

D.anticipate

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.histories

B.expressions

C.interests

D.curiosities

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.broaden

B.length

C.enforce

D.specify

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.Amid

B.After

C.Over

D.Upon

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.object

B.course

C.effect

D.sake

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.take

B.make

C.suffer

D.pay

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.field

B.scope

C.target

D.goal

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.radical

B.truthful

C.meaningful

D.initial

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:C

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:D

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查介詞辨析。aimtodo“想要做某事,立志要做”;aimatdoing“指望、旨在、針對(duì)”,句意:他們還開展研究工作,旨在擴(kuò)大人類對(duì)這些學(xué)科的知識(shí)。且后面動(dòng)詞是doing形式,因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)上下文,意思是各個(gè)大學(xué)對(duì)于科研的重視程度在學(xué)校和學(xué)校之間是不同的。此處vary譯為“不同”,可以構(gòu)成varyfrom…to…意為“因……而異”。因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.介詞搭配題。在本句中,根據(jù)and這一并列連詞可以看出,其后的內(nèi)容為根據(jù)學(xué)?,F(xiàn)有資源的不同而決定了科研的不同,那么and前的并列部分,也是在講學(xué)校自身的原因,因此可以得出people一詞后面的介詞短語作定語,故而想到incontrol“主管,控制”,此處peopleincontrol意為“學(xué)校的主管人員”也就是管理者們。選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)occupy“占據(jù)、占領(lǐng)”;B選項(xiàng)possess“擁有、具備”;C選項(xiàng)involve“包含、涉及”;D選項(xiàng)spare“多余的,備用的”,句意:一些小規(guī)模學(xué)?;蚴切陆▽W(xué)校不擁有可以開展大型研究的工作人員和設(shè)備。B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)maximum“最大值”;B選項(xiàng)medium“中等的”;C選項(xiàng)virtual“虛擬的”;D選項(xiàng)vast“巨大的”,句意為:較小和較新的大學(xué)沒有人員或設(shè)備來進(jìn)行大型研究機(jī)構(gòu)可能進(jìn)行的大規(guī)模研究項(xiàng)目。大型研究機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的研究項(xiàng)目,因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)上句“較小和較新的大學(xué)沒有人員或設(shè)備來進(jìn)行大型研究機(jī)構(gòu)可能進(jìn)行的大規(guī)模研究項(xiàng)目”以及下句“大多數(shù)專家認(rèn)為一些研究活動(dòng)是必要的,以保持教職員工和他們的學(xué)生在他們的學(xué)科的最新發(fā)展”,由此說明雖沒有人員和設(shè)備,但是一些研究活動(dòng)還是必要的,是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

7.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)natural“自然的”;B選項(xiàng)essential“必不可少的”;C選項(xiàng)functional“功能的”;D選項(xiàng)optional“可選擇的”,beessentialto為固定搭配,意為“對(duì)……至關(guān)重要,必不可少”。根據(jù)句意:專家們認(rèn)為,為了使學(xué)生和教師能夠及時(shí)了解學(xué)科發(fā)展的最新信息,搞科研是很有必要的。選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意,搞科研的目的是讓教師和學(xué)生能夠及時(shí)了解前沿信息,信息詞keep,in,with和touch構(gòu)成固定搭配keepintouchwith,意為“與……保持聯(lián)系”。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

9.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得”;B選項(xiàng)accept“接受”;C選項(xiàng)endure“忍受、忍耐”;D選項(xiàng)ensure“確?!?,根據(jù)上下文,學(xué)生上大學(xué)的目的主要是為了獲取知識(shí),acquire“獲得(技能,知識(shí)等)”與knowledge搭配符合句意。選項(xiàng)A正確。

10.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)procession“游行、隊(duì)伍”;B選項(xiàng)profession“職業(yè)、專業(yè)”;C選項(xiàng)possession“占有、所有”;D選項(xiàng)preference“偏好、偏愛”,句意為:大多數(shù)學(xué)生上大學(xué)主要是為了獲得他們所選擇的專業(yè)所需的知識(shí)。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)上句“大多數(shù)學(xué)生上大學(xué)主要是為了獲得他們所選擇的專業(yè)所需的知識(shí)”,推測(cè)出下句“教育家認(rèn)為,這一目標(biāo)不應(yīng)該是唯一的目標(biāo)”,教育家認(rèn)為獲得專業(yè)知識(shí)并不只是唯一的目標(biāo),因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.考查介詞辨析。句意為:大學(xué)的目標(biāo)一直是培養(yǎng)具有判斷力、智慧和知識(shí)的男性和女性。with+名詞構(gòu)成后置定語修飾menandwomen。因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

13.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prompt“提示、促進(jìn)”;B選項(xiàng)provoke“引起、挑起”;C選項(xiàng)encourage“鼓勵(lì)、鼓舞”;D選項(xiàng)anticipate“預(yù)料、預(yù)計(jì)”,根據(jù)上文,學(xué)校的教育目標(biāo)是多元的,因此學(xué)校鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生去廣泛結(jié)交興趣多樣的人才。encourage意為“鼓勵(lì)、鼓舞”,其固定用法為encouragesbtodosth。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

14.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)histories“歷史、歷史記錄”;B選項(xiàng)expressions“表達(dá)”;C選項(xiàng)interests“興趣、愛好”;D選項(xiàng)curiosities“好奇”,根據(jù)上文的提示,大學(xué)的目標(biāo)一直是培養(yǎng)具有判斷力、智慧和知識(shí)的男性和女性。此處指與興趣廣泛的人結(jié)交,interest“興趣、愛好”符合題意。因此選C。

15.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)broaden“擴(kuò)大、加寬”;B選項(xiàng)length“長(zhǎng)度”;C選項(xiàng)enforce“實(shí)施、執(zhí)行”;D選項(xiàng)specify“指定、詳細(xì)說明”,根據(jù)句意:廣泛閱讀來增加他們?cè)谠S多領(lǐng)域的理解研究,broaden“擴(kuò)大”符合題意,因此選B。

16.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)amid“在……過程中”;B選項(xiàng)after“在……之后”;C選項(xiàng)over“以上、大于”;D選項(xiàng)upon“在……之上、即將來臨”,句意:在即將來臨的中學(xué)課程中,學(xué)生應(yīng)該對(duì)某一學(xué)科有足夠的興趣,從而享受獲取知識(shí)的樂趣。D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.考查固定搭配。forone’sownsake也可以說成forthesakeofsb,意為“為了……的好處,出于對(duì)……的興趣”,因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

18.考查固定搭配。makesacrificetodo意為“為……做出犧牲”,此處指學(xué)生為了自己的興趣愛好做出犧牲。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

19.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)field“領(lǐng)域、牧場(chǎng)”;B選項(xiàng)scope“范圍”;C選項(xiàng)target“目標(biāo)、指標(biāo)”;D選項(xiàng)goal“目的”,根據(jù)句意:他應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備盡一切努力深入研究他所選擇的領(lǐng)域。field“領(lǐng)域”符合題意,因此選A。

20.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)radical“激進(jìn)的、根本的”;B選項(xiàng)truthful“真實(shí)的”;C選項(xiàng)meaningful“有意義的”;D選項(xiàng)initial“最初的”,句意為:他應(yīng)該要有為人類的知識(shí)做出一些實(shí)事的決心。學(xué)術(shù)界的貢獻(xiàn)得是真實(shí)的,因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

Forawhileeveryonewasscreaming,tugging,beatingandkickingandthenMothercameinfromthekitchenandsaidfirmly,”(

)!It’stimeforarest.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Do

B.Havedone

C.Doing

D.Done

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。Havedone“夠了吧;算了吧”。句意:不多一會(huì)兒,又是尖叫聲,又是東西拖地聲,又是敲打,踢東西聲,然后母親從廚房出來站在那里大叫:“你們夠了吧!休息時(shí)間到了!”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

Thenumberofcopiesthepaperseilsseemstobein()proportiontotheamountofnewsitcontains.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diverse

B.inverse

C.reverse

D.averse

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。inreverse“相反”,本句意為“這份報(bào)紙的發(fā)行量似乎與它所包含的新聞量成反比”,這句話想要表達(dá)的是報(bào)紙發(fā)行量太少,inreverse表達(dá)“相反”的意思使得句子邏輯成立。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

10.單選題

Withthepossibleexceptionofequalrights,perhapsthemostheatedargumentacrosstheUnitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.Manyarguethatitisaneffectivedeterrenttomurder,whileothersthinkthereisnoenoughproofthatthedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.

Theargumentadvancedbythoseopposedtothedeathpenaltyisthatitiscruelandinhumanpunishment,thatitisthemarkofabadsocietyandfinallythatitisofquestionableeffectivenessasadeterrenttocrimeanyway.

Inouropinion,thedeathpenaltyisanecessaryaction.Throughoutrecordedhistorytherehavealwaysbeenthosepeculiarpersonsineverysocietywhomadeterriblecrimessuchasmurder.Butsomearemoredangerousthanothers.

Forexample,itisonethingtotakethelifeofanotherintimeofblindanger,butquiteanothertocoldlyplanandcarryoutthemurderofoneormorepeopleinthestyleofabutcher.Thus,murder,likeallothercrimes,isamatterofrelativedegree.Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.

Thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimemaybeopentodiscussion.Butthemajorityofpeoplebelievethatthedeathpenaltyprotectsthem.Theirbeliefisprovedbythefactthatthedeathpenaltypreventsmurder.Forexample,from1954to1963,whenthedeathpenaltywascarriedoutfromtimetotimeinCalifornia,themurderrateremainedbetweenthreeandfourmurdersforeach100,000population.Since1964thedeathpenaltyhasbeendoneonlyonce,andthemurderratehasrisento10.4murdersforeach100,000population.Thesharpclimbinthestate’smurderrate,whichbeganwhenkillingsstopped,doesnothappenbychance.Itcertainlyshowsthatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermanymurderers.Ifthelawaboutdeathpenaltyisvetoed,somepeoplewillbemurdered—somewhoselivesmayhavebeensavedifthedeathpenaltywereineffect.Thisisreallyalifeordeathmatter.Thelivesofthousandsofpeoplemustbeprotected.

1.Theprincipalpurposeofthispassageisto(

).

2.Theauthor’sresponsetothosewhourgethedeathpenaltyforallislikelytobe(

).

3.AccordingtoParagraph4,itcanbeinferredthat(

).

4.Thepassageattemptstoestablisharelationshipbetween(

).

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowards“deathpenalty”is(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.speakforthemajority

B.initiateaveto

C.criticizethegovernment

D.argueforthevalueofthedeathpenalty

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.negative

B.friendly

C.supportive

D.hostile

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedeathpenaltyisthemostcontroversialissueintheUnitedStatestoday

B.thesecondtypeofmurderersshouldbesentencedtodeath

C.thevetoofthebillreestablishingthedeathpenaltyisoflittleimportance

D.thevalueofthedeathpenaltyasadeterrenttocrimeisnottobedebated

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.themurderrateandtheimpositionofthedeathpenalty

B.theeffectsofexecutionandtheeffectsofisolation

C.theimportanceofequalrightsandthatofthedeathpenalty

D.executionsandmurders

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.opposing

B.supporting

C.neutral

D.sarcastic

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句,“…perhapsthemostheatedargumentacrosstheUnitedStatestodayisthedeathpenalty.”,可知死刑是討論最激烈的話題,所以文章的主題為死刑。又根據(jù)下文,“Manyarguethatitisaneffectivedeterrenttomurder,whileothersthinkthereisnoenoughproofthatthedeathpenaltyreducesthenumberofmurders.”,可知許多人肯定死刑的價(jià)值,認(rèn)為死刑是對(duì)謀殺罪的有效震懾,而另一些人則認(rèn)為死刑沒有多大的價(jià)值,因?yàn)闆]有足夠的證據(jù)證明死刑的實(shí)施減少了謀殺的數(shù)量。又根據(jù)文章第三段,“Inouropinion,thedeathpenaltyisanecessaryaction.”,可知作者認(rèn)為死刑是一項(xiàng)必要的舉措。綜上可知,整篇文章的主要目的在于為死刑的價(jià)值作辯護(hù)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第四段,“itisonethingtotakethelifeofanotherintimeofblindanger,butquiteanothertocoldlyplanandcarryoutthemurderofoneormorepeopleinthestyleofabutcher.….Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.”,可知一種是在盲目憤怒的時(shí)候奪走別人的生命,一種是以屠夫的方式冷酷地策劃和實(shí)施對(duì)一個(gè)或多個(gè)人的謀殺。前者可以僅僅通過社會(huì)隔離的方式受懲罰,而后者則不然??芍髡哒J(rèn)為要根據(jù)謀殺程度來選擇死刑。所以作者對(duì)那些主張對(duì)所有人判處死刑的人的反應(yīng)很可能是否定的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段,“Whileitcouldbearguedwithsomereasonthatthecriminalinthefirstinstanceshouldbemerelykeptfromsociety,suchshouldnotbethefateofthelattertypemurderer.”,第一種謀殺罪犯(盲目憤怒的時(shí)候奪走別人的生命)應(yīng)該僅僅被社會(huì)隔離,而第二種冷酷地策劃和實(shí)施對(duì)一個(gè)或多個(gè)人的謀殺的罪犯不應(yīng)該僅僅被隔離,而是應(yīng)該被處以死刑??膳袛喑龅诙悮⑷朔笐?yīng)該被處以死刑。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“Thesharpclimbinthestate’smurderrate,whichbeganwhenkillingsstopped,doesnothappenbychance.Itcertainlyshowsthatthedeathpenaltydoesdetermanymurderers.”,可知本段用加利福尼亞的例子得出結(jié)論。本州謀殺率的上升并非偶然,是死刑停止實(shí)施的結(jié)果,可以清楚地表明,死刑確實(shí)制止了許多謀殺的念頭??膳袛喑鲎髡呦胍懻摰氖撬佬痰膶?shí)施和謀殺率的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度??v觀全文,作者首先在第三段表明自己的觀點(diǎn)“死刑是一項(xiàng)必要的舉措”,然后在下文通過論述和實(shí)例證明,死刑的實(shí)施確實(shí)有助于抑制謀殺率??膳袛喑鲎髡邔?duì)于實(shí)施死刑的態(tài)度是支持的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

Myheart()whenIheardthatIhadbeeneliminatedduringthefirstroundinterview.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dropped

B.fell

C.plunged

D.sank

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)drop“下降”,表示從高處往下掉;B選項(xiàng)fall“落下、下垂”,通常指,在重力的作用下落下,或者失去平衡而跌落;C選項(xiàng)plunge“突然的下落”;D選項(xiàng)sink“下沉、消沉”,句意為:當(dāng)我聽說自己在第一輪面試中被淘汰時(shí),我的心沉了下來。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

IsadoraDuncanhasbeenoneofthemostenduringinfluenceson20thcenturyculture.Virtually,alone,sherestoreddancetoahighplaceamongtheart.Brakingwithconvention,shedevelopedfreeandnaturalmovementsinspiredbytheclassicalGreekarts,folkdances,socialdances,natureandnaturalforces.AswellasapproachtothenewAmericanathleticism,whichincludedskipping,running,jumping,leapingandtossing.Withfreeflowingcostumes,barefeetandloosehair,Duncanrestoreddancetoanewvitalityusingthesolarplexusandthetorsoasthegeneratingforeforallmovementstofollow.SheiscreditedwithinventingwhatlatecametobeknownasModernDance.

Bornin1878inSanFrancisco,Duncangrewupinachildhoodfilledwithimaginationandart.Hermotherintroducedher4childrentoclassicalmusic,Shakespeare,poetry,literature,andart.Isadora,theyoungest,spentmanyhoursplayinganddancingonthebeach,andeventaughtdanceclassestoyoungerchildrenasawaytoearnmoneytohelpherstrugglingfamily.InherteenageyearsshetravelledtoChicagoandNewYorkwithsomeofherfamilymembers,workingandperforminginvariousproductionsorvaudevilleshows,withlimitedsuccess.ItwasnotuntilshereachedLondonthatDuncanbegantofindacceptanceforherdancing.SheperformedinprivatesalonsforladiesofsocialStandingandtheirguests,inbothLondonandParis.Graduallyherpopularitygrew,andshebeganperformingongreatstagesthroughoutEurope.

Throughouthercareer,Duncanhadadrivingvisionfortheeducationofyoungchildren.ShebeganherfirstschoolinGermanyin1904selectingchildrenfromthepoorerclassesandprovidingcompletelyforalltheirphysicalandmaterialneedsfromherownpocket.Thefinancialdrainofherschools(alsoestablishedinRussiaandParis,atvarioustimes)forcedDuncantotourandperformsconsiderably,leavingherSisterElizabethinchargeoftheschools.Althoughbelievinginwhatshesawasthechainsofmarriage.Duncanhadtwochildren,whoweretragicallydrownedin1913.Thefollowingyearsweredifficult,andshestoppeddancingforatime,butthenreturnedtodanceandparticularlytodevelopingherpupils.Sheevenadoptedsixofthesechildren,the"Isafortables"astheywerebilledbythepresslaterwhentheybegantoperformwithher.Tragically,Duncan'sownlifewascutshortin1921inacaraccidentinFrance.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Duncan'sgreatcontributiontomodemdancewasthrough(

).

2.TheauthorsuggeststhatDuncan’sfirstrealsuccessas-aperformeroccurred(

).

3.Thephrase"drivingvision"inline18isclosestinmeaningto(

).

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenstatinginlines15-16that"Thefinancialdrainofherschools(alsoestablishedinRussiaandParis,atvarioustimes),forcedDuncantotourandperformconsiderably...”?

5.Thecommonfeatureofthetwotragediesmentionedinthe3paragraphis(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.performing

B.education

C.defining

D.restoring

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.inChicagoandNewYork

B.inprivatesalons

C.whenshewentonthegreatstagesinEurope

D.inLondon

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.careerpreference

B.cleargoal

C.pooreyes

D.educationalinterest

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.sheneededtokeepworkingtoearnenoughtomakerepairstodrainsinherschools

B.sheneededtocontinueearningmoneyinordertokeepherschoolgoing

C.itcostheralotofmoneytotraveltoallofherschools,whichwereindifferentcountries

D.thecostsofmaintainingtheschoolsweretoogreat

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyinvolvedmembersofthesamefamily

B.theyweresimilartypesofaccidents

C.theyhappenedaboutthesametime

D.theybothinvolvedchildren

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干信息“contributiontomodemdance”定位至文章第一段,由Virtually,alone,sherestoreddancetoahighplaceamongtheart.Brakingwithconvention,shedevelopedfreeandnaturalmovementsinspiredbytheclassicalGreekarts,folkdances,socialdances,natureandnaturalforces.AswellasapproachtothenewAmericanathleticism,whichincludedskipping,running,jumping,leapingandtossing.Withfreeflowingcostumes,barefeetandloosehair,Duncanrestoreddancetoanewvitalityusingthesolarplexusandthetorsoasthegeneratingforeforallmovementstofollow.(實(shí)際上,她獨(dú)自一人把舞蹈恢復(fù)到了藝術(shù)的頂峰。有別于傳統(tǒng),她受希臘古典藝術(shù)、民間舞蹈、社會(huì)舞蹈的啟發(fā),形成了自由和自然的運(yùn)動(dòng),以及運(yùn)用新的美國運(yùn)動(dòng)方式,包括蹦跳,跑步,跳遠(yuǎn)、跳高和投擲。隨著自由流動(dòng)的服裝,赤腳和蓬松的頭發(fā),鄧肯將舞蹈恢復(fù)了新的活力,利用腹腔神經(jīng)和軀干作為所有動(dòng)作的前奏)可知鄧肯的主要成就是通過她創(chuàng)新而有特色的舞蹈獲得的,因此選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息“firstrealsuccess”定位至文章第二段中,由...withlimitedsuccess.ItwasnotuntilshereachedLondonthatDuncanbegantofindacceptanceforherdancing(……取得了有限的成功。直到她到達(dá)倫敦,鄧肯才開始發(fā)現(xiàn)她的舞蹈被認(rèn)可了)可知在鄧肯到達(dá)倫敦時(shí),才開始取得了真正的成功,因此選D。

3.詞義題。A選項(xiàng)“職業(yè)偏好”;B選項(xiàng)“明確的目標(biāo)”;C選項(xiàng)“視力不好”;D選項(xiàng)“教育興趣”。根據(jù)題干信息“drivingvision”定位至文章第三段Throughouthercareer,Duncanhadadrivingvisionfortheeducationofyoungchildren.(在她的職業(yè)生涯中,鄧肯對(duì)幼兒教育有……),下文ShebeganherfirstschoolinGermanyin1904selectingchildrenfromthepoorerclassesandprovidingcompletelyforalltheirphysicalandmaterialneedsfromherownpocket.(1904年,她在德國開辦了她的第一所學(xué)校,從貧困階層中挑選孩子,并從自己的口袋里完全滿足他們的身體和物質(zhì)需求)描寫了她挑選以及培養(yǎng)學(xué)生,可知鄧肯做這事有計(jì)劃性,因此選B,更符合句意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干信息“ThefinancialdrainofherschoolsforcedDuncantotourandperformconsiderably...(學(xué)校的資金流失迫使鄧肯巡回演出)”定位至文章第三段,由前句中的providingcompletelyforalltheirphysicalandmaterialneedsfromherownpocket(從自己的口袋里完全滿足他們的身體和物質(zhì)需求)可知鄧肯獨(dú)自一人負(fù)責(zé)所有學(xué)生的花費(fèi),即學(xué)校的資金由她提供,因此B選項(xiàng)“她需要繼續(xù)掙錢才能使她的學(xué)校繼續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章第三段中的提到了兩起悲劇,由第一起Duncanhadtwochildren,whoweretragicallydrownedin1913可知鄧肯的兩個(gè)孩子在1913年被不幸淹死了,由第二起Duncan'sownlifewascutshortin1921inacaraccidentinFrance可知1921年,鄧肯本人在法國的一場(chǎng)交通事故中去世了),因此A選項(xiàng)“事故涉及同一家庭的成員”符合題意。

13.單選題

Withherwarmvoiceandinformalmanner,PearBailyattainedsuccessin(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.everyentertainmentmediumvirtually

B.everyvirtuallyentertainmentmedium

C.virtuallyentertainmenteverymedium

D.virtuallyeveryentertainmentmedium

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。Every為限定詞,修飾entertainmentmedium,virtually為副詞,修飾形容詞every,句意:憑借她溫暖的嗓音和不拘禮節(jié)的舉止,PearBaily幾乎在所有的娛樂媒體中都取得了成功。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

Naturally,inagroupofanimalsasdiverseasthesnakes,andwithsomanyvariedenemies,therearenumerousdefensivereactionsanddevices.Thereis,however,onegeneralpatternofbehavior,inthepresenceofasuspectedenemythefirstreactionistotrytoescapeobservation;ifthisfails,thenextresortisflighttosomeinaccessibleretreat,butifthisisnotpossible,oriscircumvented,variouskindsofintimidatorygesturesandwarningdevicesarebroughtintoplay;inthelastresortthesnakeattacks.Thispatternvarieswiththecircumstances;somestagesmaybeomittedorcombinedunpredictablywhilst;somenotoriouslyirasciblespeciesmaydispensewithallthepreliminariesandattackalmostatonce,thoughseldomorneverwithoutsomeprovocation.

Amongstthefactorsthatincreaseaggressivenessarehunger,thematingseasonandsurprise,withthelastmentionedthecommonest;whenhuntingforfoodorformates,activityandtheaggressiveinstinctarebothattheirpeak,butitiswhenitiscaughtunawaresthatthenormalchainofre-actionstendstobecometelescoped.Owingtotheirpoorsenseofhearing,snakesareveryliabletobe,quiteliterally,caughtnappingandasimilarsituationarisesduringtheirperiodsoftemporaryblindnessjustbeforesloughingbegins.Byfarthegreatestnumberofsnake-biteaccidentsresultfromtheunwittingdisturbanceofrestingsnakes,andthishazardismuchincreasedwithspeciesthatarewellcamouflagedandwhosenaturalinstinctistotrusttothisconcealmentastheirprincipaldefense.Aswellasdifferencesinaggressivenessbetweenindividualsofthesamespeciesaccordingtothecircumstancesandconditions,therearealsonotabledifferencesbetweenspecies,evencloselyalliedspecies;andthereportsofthosewhohavebeenattackedmayunderstandablybelackinginobjectivity.Soitisimpossibletoforecast,eveninoutline,howanyencounterwilldevelop.

TheHamadryad,forexample,isusuallycreditedwithbeingamongstthemostaggressiveofsnakes,andtherearemanyaccountsofunprovokedattacks,yetononeoccasionfourteenmenandsevendogspassedandreturnedwithintwoyardsfromanestandnosnakewasseenalthoughthefemale,whichguardsthenest,couldnothavebeenfaraway.

1.Whenasnakemeetsapotentialenemy,itsprimarydeviceis().

2.By“dispensewithallthepreliminaries”(thelastsentence,Para.l.),theauthormostprobablymeansthat().

3.Asnakeismostaggressivewhen().

4.Itisdifficulttopredictwhatwouldhappenwhenasnakemeetsamanbecause().

5.Theauthorusestheexampleinthelastparagraphtosupporthisideathat().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.avoidinganyobservation

B.findingasafeshelter

C.givingawarningthreat

D.startingaquick

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thesnakescombineallthepreviousthreesteps.

B.thesnakesgiveupalltheprevioussteps.

C.thesnakesfollowallthepreviousstepsonebyone.

D.thesnakesreversetheorderofalltheprevioussteps.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itmeetsapossibleenemy

B.itiscaughtwhenitissleepingorsloughing

C.itisdisturbedunknowingly

D.itseeksapartnerinthematingseason

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.noonehaseverclearlyknownhowhehimselfwasbit

B.mantendstobesubjectivewhenhedescribeshisencounterwithasnake

C.theaggressivenessofthesnakesdiversifiesaccordingtodifferentsituations

D.asnakedoesnotbegintoattackwithoutprovocation

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.snakesdonotbegintheaggressiveactifitisnotdisturbed

B.somesnakesaremoreaggressiveandmorereadytoattack

C.itishardtoforecastwhetherandhowsnakeswouldattack

D.snakesoftenconcealthemselvesastheirprincipaldefense

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段,“inthepresenceofsuspectedenemythefirstreactionistotrytoescapeobservation”,在可疑的敵人面前,第一反應(yīng)是設(shè)法逃過觀察。由此可知蛇第一裝置是逃避任何的觀察,因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到文章最后一段,“somestagesmaybeomittedorcombinedunpredictablywhilst;somenotoriouslyirasciblespeciesmaydispensewithallthepreliminariesandattackalmostatonce”,一些階段可能被省略或合并不可預(yù)測(cè),而一些臭名昭著的暴躁物種可能免除所有的準(zhǔn)備,幾乎一下子攻擊。由此可知,蛇會(huì)放棄所有步驟直接攻擊。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段,“whenhuntingforfoodorformates,activityandtheaggressiveinstinctarebothattheirpeak.”當(dāng)尋找食物或配偶時(shí),活躍性和攻擊性的本能都達(dá)到了頂峰,因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段,“Aswellasdifferencesinaggressivenessbetweenindividualsofthesamespeciesaccordingtothecircumstancesandconditions,therearealsonotabledifferencesbetweenspecies,evencloselyalliedspecies”除了同一物種的個(gè)體在攻擊能力上因環(huán)境和條件的不同而存在差異外,物種之間,甚至親緣關(guān)系密切的物種之間也存在顯著差異。由此可知,蛇應(yīng)對(duì)不同的情況會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出不同的應(yīng)對(duì)反應(yīng),因此蛇遇見人而做出的反應(yīng)是難以預(yù)測(cè)的。選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段,“yetononeoccasionfourteenmenandsevendogspassedandreturnedwithintwoyardsfromanestandnosnakewasseenalthoughthefemale,whichguardsthenest,couldnothavebeenfaraway”,但有一次,14個(gè)人和7條狗在離一個(gè)巢穴兩碼的地方經(jīng)過并返回,盡管雌蛇沒有出現(xiàn)。守護(hù)鳥巢的鳥兒,不可能離得太遠(yuǎn)。由此可知蛇沒有被打擾是不會(huì)進(jìn)行應(yīng)激行為的。因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

15.單選題

Theearliesthistorieswerenot(1),butoral---songsandsagassuch

(2)

thebattleandadventure

(3)

told

(4)

thepoetHomerintheIliadandtheOdyssey.

Thewanderingbards

(5)

passedthesestories

(6)

generationtogenerationmadenoattempttosort

(7)

factfromfiction.Forthem,thegrandlegendsofgodsandsupernaturalheroeswere

(8)

realandimportant

(9)

actualevents.Todayweknowthatmanyoftheseancientsagas,

(10)

exaggerated,dohavearealbasisinfact.

ThestoryoftheTrojanwar,toldintheIliad,waslongthoughttobepure

(11)

;however,todaywecanvisittheruinsofTroyandwalkthroughthegateway,guarded

(12)

aruinedtower,throughwhichthe

(13)

soldiersmarchestomeettheforcesoftheinvadingGreeks.Whatis

(14)

,themanwhodiscoveredtheruinsofthecitymadeuseofnodocumentsorresearchmaterialsotherthanHomer’sdescriptionof

(15)

location.

Thefabulous“one-eyedgiant”whohurledrocksdown

(16)

Odysseus’sshipinOdysseyhasbeenidentifiedasthevolcanoofMountEtna,which

(17)

frequentlypouredoutrockydeath,andwhoseconecanglow

(18)

asingleeyeagainstthedarkofnight.Nearby,intheseaoffthecoastofSicily,

(19)

somehugeandjaggedrockswhichlookasifagiant

(20)

havehurledthemthere,justasOdysseushomecomingsailorsreported.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spoken

B.told

C.written

D.talked

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.at

C.in

D.on

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tales

B.histories

C.comments

D.reports

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.because

C.at

D.over

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.whom

B.who

C.whose

D.which

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.for

C.because

D.in

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.for

C.from

D.out

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.at

C.for

D.because

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.like

B.than

C.as

D.but

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.although

C.since

D.rather

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.fiction

B.novel

C.article

D.anthology

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.over

C.on

D.for

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.Trojan

B.ancient

C.Roman

D.Italy

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.many

B.more

C.much

D.great

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.their

B.her

C.his

D.its

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.in

C.upon

D.its

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.has

C.had

D.having

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.like

B.similar

C.for

D.as

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.lies

B.lie

C.lay

D.laid

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.must

B.need

C.can

D.might

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:D

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:A

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:D

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】(1)邏輯關(guān)系題??崭窈蟮腷ut表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以空格所填寫的詞與空格后的oral是對(duì)應(yīng)的,oral表示“口頭的”,跟他相對(duì)的詞是C選項(xiàng)的written“書面的,文字的”。

(2)固定搭配題??崭袼谶@一句是用詩人荷馬在《伊利亞特》和《奧德賽》中講述的戰(zhàn)斗和冒險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行舉例論述上一句話,suchas為固定搭配,表示“例如,比如”,A選項(xiàng)正確。

(3)名詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)tales“故事”;B選項(xiàng)histories“歷史”;C選項(xiàng)comments“評(píng)論,注解”;D選項(xiàng)reports“報(bào)告,專題”,此處是對(duì)于空格前的‘songsandsagas歌和長(zhǎng)篇故事’進(jìn)行的舉例,所以應(yīng)該是同義詞,A選項(xiàng)的“故事”符合句意,正確。

(4)介詞詞義辨析題。此處句意是‘…故事是通過詩人荷馬講述的’,表示被動(dòng),引出動(dòng)作的承受著時(shí)用介詞by,A選項(xiàng)正確。

(5)語法(定語從句)題??崭袼诰涫且粋€(gè)定語從句,修飾先行詞Thewanderingbards,先行詞是人,并且在句子中做主語,所以用引導(dǎo)詞who,B選項(xiàng)正確。

(6)固定搭配題。此處要表達(dá)的意思是‘把這些故事從一代傳到下一代’,from...to表示“從……到”,A選項(xiàng)正確。

(7)固定搭配題??崭袼诰湟磉_(dá)的意思是‘吟游詩人們將故事一代一代往下傳,從沒有嘗試過將事實(shí)從虛構(gòu)中分離來,D選項(xiàng)的固定搭配sor

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