2022年考研考博-考博英語-浙江工商大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)74

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-浙江工商大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題The official claimed that the government had only changed the law in order to （ ）America.問題1選項(xiàng)A.applaudB.apprehendC.appealD.appease【答案】D【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)applaud“贊同，稱贊”；B選項(xiàng)apprehend“理解”；C選項(xiàng)appeal“將上訴”；D選項(xiàng)appease“安

2、撫，對(duì)做出讓步”。由“the government had only changed the law 政府改變法律”，后面是in order to表示目的的介詞短語，可知空格部分意思為“安撫，平息”，句意為：有官員稱政府改變法律僅僅是為了對(duì)美國做出讓步。選項(xiàng)D與之意思接近。2.單選題English literature and Linguistics are （ ）courses for English majors.問題1選項(xiàng)A.constrainedB.compulsoryC.conditionalD.conventional【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)constr

3、ained“拘泥的，被強(qiáng)迫的”；B選項(xiàng)compulsory “義務(wù)的，必修的”；C選項(xiàng)conditional“條件語氣的”；D選項(xiàng)conventional“符合習(xí)俗的，傳統(tǒng)的”。主語是“English literature and Linguistics英國文學(xué)和語言學(xué)”，空格后面“courses課程”是句子的表語。由此判斷空格部分意思為“compulsory courses必修課程”，句意為：英國文學(xué)和語言學(xué)是英語專業(yè)的必修課程。選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。3.單選題She decided to accept his offer of marriage after he（ ） her for mont

4、hs with flowers and expensive presents.問題1選項(xiàng)A.wrungB.wriggledC.wontedD.wooed【答案】D【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)wring“蠕動(dòng)、扭動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)wriggle“使蠕動(dòng)、蠕動(dòng)到”；C選項(xiàng)wont“使習(xí)慣于”；D選項(xiàng)woo“追求、求愛”，根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞“marriage結(jié)婚；flowers and expensive presents鮮花和昂貴的禮物”可知woo“追求、求愛”符合語境，句意為：在他以鮮花和昂貴的禮物向她求愛數(shù)月之后，她決定接受他的求婚。故正確答案選D。4.翻譯題 Raw materials a

5、nd partially finished goods are sent to special border zone factories inside Mexico where additional assembly work is completed on the goods, which are then transferred back to the United States. All duties are waived by both governments, except on the value added by the additional manufacturing pro

6、cesses taking place in Mexico. Obviously, the most desirable barter would be for goods the firm would otherwise have to purchase on the open market. Second most desirable would be goods that the global sourcing manager sees a ready market for where hard currency can be earned from their sale.【答案】 原材

7、料和半成品被送往墨西哥境內(nèi)的邊境特區(qū)工廠，在那里完成貨物的附加組裝工作，然后再被轉(zhuǎn)回美國。除了在墨西哥進(jìn)行的額外生產(chǎn)過程所增加的價(jià)值外，兩國政府對(duì)其他部分都放棄關(guān)稅。顯然，最理想的易貨交易對(duì)象是公司在自由市場上必須購買的商品。第二可取的是那些商品：全球采購經(jīng)理看到了一個(gè)現(xiàn)成的市場，可以從該商品的銷售中獲得硬通貨。5.單選題A （ ）is a grill on which meat, fish, and other foods are cooked over hot charcoal, usually out of doors.問題1選項(xiàng)A.duetB.barbecueC.tonicD.fag【

8、答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)duet“二重奏”；B選項(xiàng)barbecue“燒烤”；C選項(xiàng)tonic“補(bǔ)藥”；D選項(xiàng)fag“苦工、疲勞”，由題干中提到的各種食物以及熱木炭，可知barbecue“燒烤”符合語境。句意為：燒烤是肉、魚和其他食物放在烤架上，再在熱木炭上烘烤，通常在戶外進(jìn)行。故正確答案選B。6.翻譯題 Companies now realize that viruses arent “urban myth”, and can be a serious impact on their operations. They invest in anti-virus softw

9、are on the desktops, servers and email gateways and even put in place procedures to ensure their anti-virus is up-to-date with the very latest detection routines. Anti-virus software detects most of the viruses your users are likely to encounteroften without the user even knowing. However, anti-viru

10、s software must be updated regularly, preferably daily in any large company. Even then, a very new virus can infect your users. With the rapid transmission of files through networks and the Internet, a virus can spread a considerable distance before it can be identified and protected against.【答案】 各家

11、公司現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到病毒并不是“現(xiàn)代神話”，而確實(shí)會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響到公司的運(yùn)作。他們投資殺毒軟件，安裝在計(jì)算機(jī)、服務(wù)器以及電子郵件網(wǎng)關(guān)上，甚至還采取措施確保使用最 新的檢查程序，隨時(shí)更新殺毒軟件。殺毒軟件確實(shí)能檢測出用戶會(huì)碰到的絕大多數(shù)病毒，而且往往在用戶毫無察覺時(shí)就已經(jīng)處理完畢。然而，軟件必須定期更新，大公司則最好是每天更新一次。即使是這樣，一種非常新的病毒也還是可能感染到用戶。通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，文件可以快速地傳輸，等到人們發(fā)現(xiàn)一種病毒并加以防范時(shí)，病毒可能已經(jīng)擴(kuò)散到了相當(dāng)?shù)姆秶?.單選題Grain （ ）are to guarantee the consumption of nonagricultu

12、ral population and to cope with serious natural disasters.問題1選項(xiàng)A.savingsB.storagesC.stocksD.reserves【答案】D【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)savings“積蓄；節(jié)省物”；B選項(xiàng)storage“貯存”是不可數(shù)名詞；C選項(xiàng)stocks“存貨；股份”；D選項(xiàng)reserves“儲(chǔ)備”。填一個(gè)名詞做主語，Grain做其定語，由不定式的內(nèi)容可知reserves“儲(chǔ)備”符合題意，句意為：糧食儲(chǔ)備是用來保證非農(nóng)業(yè)人口消費(fèi)和應(yīng)對(duì)嚴(yán)重自然災(zāi)害的。故答案選D。8.單選題How parents treat

13、their own parents usually （ ）the way they are to be treated by their children in the future.問題1選項(xiàng)A.decidingB.decideC.decidesD.to decide【答案】C【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。缺謂語動(dòng)詞，主語How parents treat their own parents是從句，看作單數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用decides，句意為：父母如何對(duì)待自己的父母，通常決定了他們將來被孩子對(duì)待的方式。故答案選C。9.翻譯題 假如預(yù)期實(shí)際油價(jià)的上漲幅度將超過替代資產(chǎn)的

14、回報(bào)率，生產(chǎn)者會(huì)把石油留在地下不 開采。因此決定當(dāng)前價(jià)格的，是預(yù)期的未來價(jià)格。最重要的推動(dòng)因素是新興國家（尤其是 中國）需求的預(yù)期增長情況，以及對(duì)替代能源供應(yīng)的擔(dān)憂。中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速增長及其資源 高度密集型的增長方式，是最重要的因素?！敬鸢浮?Producers will leave oil in the ground if the rise in real oil prices is expected to be faster than the return on the alternative assets. What determines the current price then is

15、 the expected future price. The most important stimulations have been the prospective growth in the demand of emerging countries, particularly China, and gloom about alternative sources of supply. Chinas rapid and highly resource-intensive growth is the most important factor.10.單選題 The biographer ha

16、s to dance between two shaky positions with respect to the subject. Too close a relation, and the writer may be objectivity. Not close enough, and the writer may lack the sympathy necessary to any effort to portray a mind, a soulthe quality of life. Who should write the biography of a family, for ex

17、ample? Because of their closeness to the subject, family members may have special information, but by the same token, they may not have the distance that would allow them to be fair. Similarly, a kings servant might not be the best one to write a biography of that king. But a foreigner might not hav

18、e the knowledge and sympathy necessary to write the kings biographynot for a readership from within the kingdom, at any rate. There is no ideal position for such a task. The biographer has to work with the position he or she has in the world, adjusting that position as necessary to deal with the sub

19、ject. Every position has strengths and weaknesses: to thrive, a writer must try to become aware of these, evaluate them in terms of the subject, and select a position accordingly. When their subjects are heroes or famous figures, biographies often reveal a democratic motive: they attempt to show tha

20、t their subjects are only human, no better than anyone else. Other biographies are meant to change us, to invite us to become better than we are. The biographies of Jesus found in the Bible are in this class. Biographers may claim that their account is the “authentic” one. In advancing this claim, t

21、hey are helped if the biography is “authorized” by the subject, this presumably allows the biographer special access to private information. “Unauthorized” biographies also have their appeal, however, since they can suggest an independence of mind in the biographer. In book promotions, the “unauthor

22、ized” characterization usually suggests the prospect of juicy gossip that the subject had hoped to suppress. A subject might have several biographies, even several “authentic” ones. We sense intuitively that no one is in a position to tell the story of a life, perhaps not even the subject, and this

23、has been proved by the history of biography.1. In this passage, the author focuses on （ ）.2. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?3. The author cites the biographies of Jesus in the Bible in order to show that（ ）.4. An unauthorized biography is likely to attract more r

24、eaders because（ ） .5. According to the author, an ideal biographer would be one who（ ）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.the difficulty of a biographer in finding the proper perspective to do his jobB.the characteristics of different kinds of biographiesC.the techniques required of a biographer to write a food biographyD.the

25、secret of a biographer to win more readers問題2選項(xiàng)A.An authentic biography seldom appeals to its readers.B.An authentic biography is one authorized by the subject.C.No one can write a perfect biography.D.Authorized biographies have a wider readership.問題3選項(xiàng)A.the best biographies are the ones of heroes a

26、nd famous figuresB.biographies are authentic accounts of their subjects livesC.the best biographies are meant to transform their readersD.biographies can serve different purpose問題4選項(xiàng)A.it usually gives a sympathetic description of the subjects characterB.it contains interesting information about the

27、subjects private lifeC.it reveals a lot of accurate details unknown to outsidersD.it portrays the subject both faithfully and vividly問題5選項(xiàng)A.knows the subject very well and yet maintains a proper distance from himB.possesses special private information and is sympathetic toward the subjectC.is indepe

28、ndent and treats the subject with fairness and objectivityD.is close to the subject and knows the techniques of biography writing【答案】第1題:A第2題:C第3題:D第4題:B第5題:A【解析】1.【試題答案】A【試題解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章首先講述傳記作家碰到的各種問題，包括傳記作家寫作時(shí)在兩種立場之間搖擺不定。接著詳細(xì)闡述了傳記作家寫作創(chuàng)作的難點(diǎn)。最后提到了傳記作家“授權(quán)問題”。所以由此可知，選項(xiàng)A“傳記作者很難找到合適的角度來進(jìn)行寫作”最符合題意。2.

29、【試題答案】C【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第二段第一句“There is no ideal position for such a task.對(duì)于傳記寫作這一工作來說，沒有理想的角度。”和第三句“Every position has strengths and weaknesses每一種角度都有其優(yōu)勢和劣勢。”可知每位傳記作家都面對(duì)寫作角度中的優(yōu)勢和劣勢，所以沒有人能夠?qū)懗鐾昝罒o缺的傳記。故正確答案選C。3.【試題答案】D【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“biographies of Jesus”定位到文章第三段最后一句“The biographies of Jesus found

30、 in the Bible are in this class.”，第三段主要是講傳記作者會(huì)根據(jù)描述對(duì)象做出有目的選擇，然后進(jìn)行寫作。所以，對(duì)于英雄和人物的傳記和神的傳記寫作的目的是不同的，屬于有目的的類型寫作。故正確答案選D。4.【試題答案】B【試題解析】推理判斷題。關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第四段第四句“the unauthorized characterization usually suggests the prospect of juicy gossip that the subject had hoped to suppress. 這種未經(jīng)授權(quán)的描述通常暗示了當(dāng)事人原本希望壓制流言蜚語的前景

31、?！笨芍?，選項(xiàng)B“它包含了關(guān)于描述對(duì)象私人生活的有趣信息”更符合題干意思，為正確答案。5.【試題答案】A【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段“The biographer has to work with the position he or she has in the world, adjusting that position as necessary to deal with the subject.傳記作者必須站在被描述對(duì)象同一個(gè)世界的同一位置上，必要時(shí)需要調(diào)整位置來進(jìn)行描述。”和文章最后一段“In advancing this claim, they are helped if

32、 the biography is authorized by the subject, this presumably allows the biographer special access to private information. 在推進(jìn)這一主張時(shí)，他們得到幫助，如果傳記被主題授權(quán)，這可能允許傳記作者的私人信息的特殊訪問。”由此可知，理想的傳記作家一方面要充分了解被描寫的對(duì)象，另外一方面也要和他保持一定的距離。故正確答案選A。11.翻譯題 During less economically sophisticated times in the past, nations tended

33、 to raise protective barriers during periods of economic downturn to preserve domestic employment and thus domestic economies. In todays global economy, it is not so easy to say that protectionism necessarily preserves a nations economy when the firms operating in that economy are intertwined with o

34、perations and markets in many other nations. Remember that the goals in designing any system are optimizing the output of the system, rather than optimizing any subcomponent of that system. In fact, experience has shown that a focus on optimizing any single aspect of a global manufacturing enterpris

35、e usually leads to a sub-optimal system performance.【答案】 在過去經(jīng)濟(jì)不太發(fā)達(dá)的時(shí)期，各國往往會(huì)在經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷時(shí)期建立保護(hù)性壁壘，來保護(hù)國內(nèi)的就業(yè)，進(jìn)而保護(hù)國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)。在如今的經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化中，當(dāng)這種經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下運(yùn)作的公司與其他國家的公司和市場交織在一起，很難說保護(hù)主義一定能夠保護(hù)這個(gè)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)。記住，設(shè)計(jì)任何系統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)都是為了優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)的輸出，而不是優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的組件。事實(shí)上，經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，專注于優(yōu)化全球制造企業(yè)的任何一個(gè)方面通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)性能的次優(yōu)。12.翻譯題 My dictionary defines happy as “l(fā)ucky” or “for

36、tunate”, but I think a better definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment.” The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. Its easy to overlook the pleasure we get from loving and being loved, the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, even good health. I added

37、up my little moments of pleasure yesterday. First there was sheer bliss when I shut the last lunchbox and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which I love. When the kids came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quirt of the day. Later, peace descended again, and

38、 my husband and I enjoyed another pleasureintimacy. Sometimes just the knowledge that he wants me can bring me joy.【答案】 我的字典把幸福定義為“幸運(yùn)”或“好運(yùn)”。但是我想幸福更好的定義是“享受的能力”。 我們?cè)侥芟硎芩鶕碛械囊磺?，我們就越快樂。我們很容易忽視從愛與被愛、朋友的陪伴、住在想住的地方的自由，甚至健康的身體中獲得的快樂。 我總結(jié)一下我昨天的幸福時(shí)刻：首先是我合上最后一個(gè)午餐飯盒，獨(dú)自在家時(shí)，我感到無比幸福；然后過了一個(gè)寫作不受干擾的上午，這令我愉快；等到孩子們回家，我

39、享受安靜的一天過后他們吵鬧的聲音。不久，寧靜再次降臨，我和丈夫享受另一種快樂親密。有時(shí)候，只要想到他需要我，就能給我?guī)砜鞓贰?3.單選題He was constraining his mind not to （ ）from the lecture.問題1選項(xiàng)A.wonderB.wanderC.cruiseD.travel【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)wonder“想知道；驚訝”；B選項(xiàng)wander“不集中，走神”；C選項(xiàng)cruise“巡航，巡游；漫游”；D選項(xiàng)travel“旅行”。填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成不定式做賓補(bǔ)說明his mind“他的思想”，由此可知wander“（因厭倦

40、或焦慮而注意力）不集中，走神”符合題意，句意為：他在限制他的思想不要在課堂上分心。故答案選B。14.單選題We saw the canoe （ ）, throwing its passengers into the water.問題1選項(xiàng)A.prostrateB.overturnC.simulateD.brag【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prostrate“將弄倒”；B選項(xiàng)overturn“推翻，傾覆”；C選項(xiàng)simulate“模仿，假裝”；D選項(xiàng)brag“吹牛，吹噓”。根據(jù)前面的關(guān)鍵詞“canoe獨(dú)木舟”，可知“overturn顛覆，傾翻”最符合題意，句意為：我們看見獨(dú)

41、木舟翻了，把船上的乘客都掀進(jìn)水里。故選項(xiàng)B意思與之接近。15.單選題Only by publishing at least five articles on top journals （ ）have the chance to be promoted to professors.問題1選項(xiàng)A.teachers canB.can teachersC.a teacher canD.can a teacher【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。這里考查的是部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句子開頭是only引導(dǎo)的狀語結(jié)構(gòu)，用來修飾整個(gè)句子時(shí)，空格部分主句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故需要將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞提

42、前。句意為：只有頂級(jí)期刊上發(fā)表至少五篇論文，老師們才有機(jī)會(huì)晉升為教授。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。16.單選題Johnson invited his old sister Sue to Los Angeles, but her physical report（ ）, she declined the invitation.問題1選項(xiàng)A.did not come outB.has not come outC.does not come outD.having not come out【答案】D【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。句中her physical report不是句子結(jié)構(gòu)，只有having not

43、come out做伴隨狀語符合題意，句意為：約翰遜邀請(qǐng)他的姐姐蘇去洛杉磯，但她的身體報(bào)告還沒出來，她拒絕了邀請(qǐng)。故答案選D。其他三項(xiàng)都是句子結(jié)構(gòu)。17.單選題（ ） is his own decision.問題1選項(xiàng)A.When leavingB.When does he leaveC.When he leavesD.He leaves【答案】C【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由空格后“is his own decision”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里缺少主語，故能充當(dāng)主語的C項(xiàng)“When he leaves”正確。A項(xiàng)“When leaving”屬于時(shí)間狀語；B項(xiàng)“When does he leave”

44、屬于疑問句，不能充當(dāng)主語；D項(xiàng)“He leaves”中謂語動(dòng)詞“l(fā)eaves”與空格后系動(dòng)詞“is”重復(fù)，在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上不正確。選項(xiàng)C正確。18.單選題It is reported that thirty people were killed in a （ ）on the railway yesterday.問題1選項(xiàng)A.collisionB.collaborationC.corrosionD.confrontation【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)collision“碰撞”；B選項(xiàng)collaboration“合作，勾結(jié)”；C選項(xiàng)corrosion“腐蝕，侵蝕”；D選項(xiàng)co

45、nfrontation“對(duì)抗，面對(duì)”，根據(jù)空格前后的句子成分判斷，這里應(yīng)該填一個(gè)名詞，充當(dāng)介詞的賓語，從句意思是“有30人在昨天的鐵路撞擊事故中喪生”，可知空格部分單詞為“撞擊事故”，句意為：據(jù)報(bào)道有30人在昨天的鐵路撞擊事故中喪生。故正確答案A。19.單選題The government （ ）a mass campaign to wipe out malaria in this area.問題1選項(xiàng)A.initiatedB.participatedC.modifiedD.comprised【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)initiate“發(fā)起，創(chuàng)始”；B選項(xiàng)particip

46、ate“參與，參加”；C選項(xiàng)modify“修改，修飾”；D選項(xiàng)comprise“包含；由組成”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“government政府”和“campaign運(yùn)動(dòng)，大型活動(dòng)”，“to wipe out malaria”不定式短語表示目的“消滅瘧疾”，可知這里填入的動(dòng)詞意思應(yīng)該是“發(fā)動(dòng)，發(fā)起”，句意為：政府在這一地區(qū)發(fā)動(dòng)了一場消滅瘧疾的運(yùn)動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。20.單選題Herman is very adroit at handling people. He is a (an) （ ）man who is able to express his thoughts and desires very pr

47、ecisely.問題1選項(xiàng)A.dedicateB.articulateC.exasperateD.formulate【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)dedicate“致力，獻(xiàn)身”；B選項(xiàng)articulate“善于表達(dá)的；口才好的”；C選項(xiàng)exasperate“激怒，惡化”；D選項(xiàng)formulate“規(guī)劃，制定”。A、C、D都為動(dòng)詞，不可填入空格部分。根據(jù)后面關(guān)鍵詞“express his thoughts and desires very precisely準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)自己的思想和愿望”，可知空格部分形容詞的意思應(yīng)該是“善表達(dá)的”，句意為：赫爾曼很善于與人打交道。他是個(gè)能言善辯

48、的人，能把自己的想法準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)出來。故正確答案選B。21.單選題Students should know better than （ ）pets like dogs, cats and mouse at dormitory.問題1選項(xiàng)A.to feedB.feedingC.to have fedD.fed【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。than后一般是接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞短語形式的詞，故四個(gè)選項(xiàng)只有B符合語境。句意為：學(xué)生應(yīng)該知道最好不要在宿舍里養(yǎng)狗、貓和老鼠之類的寵物。22.單選題The school authority （ ）professor Watson that he woul

49、d get one million in 5 years.問題1選項(xiàng)A.ensuredB.assuredC.insuredD.sured【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ensure“確保，保證”；B選項(xiàng)assured“使確信；弄清”；C選項(xiàng)insure“確保，保證；給保險(xiǎn)”；沒有sured這個(gè)詞。缺謂語動(dòng)詞，由主語The school authority“學(xué)校當(dāng)局”和professor Watson和that he would get one million in 5 years 的關(guān)系可知assured“使（某人）確信（某事）”符合題意，句意為：校方向沃森教授保證，他將在5

50、年內(nèi)獲得100萬。故答案選B。23.單選題To survive in the intense market competition, we must （ ）the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.問題1選項(xiàng)A.improveB.gearC.guaranteeD.enhance【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)improve“提高，改善”；B選項(xiàng)gear“適合；配合”；C選項(xiàng)guarantee“保證，擔(dān)保”；D選項(xiàng)enhance“加強(qiáng)，提高”。gear to有“使適合，配

51、合”的意思。根據(jù)句子空格前后分析，這里需要填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)題干前面的句意是“to survive in the intense market competition要在激烈的市場競爭中求生存”，結(jié)合后面的關(guān)鍵詞“qualities and varieties of products商品的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量”，可知B選項(xiàng)“適合，配合”符合語境，句意：為了在激烈的市場競爭中生存下來，我們必須調(diào)整產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量及品種以適應(yīng)國際市場的需求。選項(xiàng)B正確。24.單選題Hardly （ ）the helicopter （ ）when the waiting crowd ran towards it.問題1選項(xiàng)A.ha

52、d.landedB.has.landedC.would.landD.was.landing【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。這里考查的是條件狀語從句中的部分倒裝用法。當(dāng)hardly位于句首時(shí)，這個(gè)時(shí)間條件狀語從句的主句必須采取倒裝的表達(dá)，即將had提到句子主語前。因?yàn)橹骶涞膭?dòng)作是發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前，故主句用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，而從句使用一般過去時(shí)。句意為：直升飛機(jī)一降落，一旁等待的士兵就沖了上來。故選項(xiàng)A正確。25.單選題An energy tax would curb ordinary air pollution, limit oil imports and cut the budge

53、t （ ）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.dispositionB.defectC.discrepancyD.deficit【答案】D【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disposition“處置，性情”；B選項(xiàng)defect“缺點(diǎn)，劣勢”；C選項(xiàng)discrepancy“不符，矛盾”；D選項(xiàng)deficit“赤字”。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞“cut削減，砍掉”和“budget預(yù)算”，可知空格部分單詞意思為“赤字，不足額”，句意為：能源稅能抑制普通的空氣污染，限制石油進(jìn)口和削減預(yù)算赤字。故正確答案選D。26.單選題Jane is a girl with an artistic （ ）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.temperamentB.

54、temperatureC.temperanceD.tempera【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查同形詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)temperament“氣質(zhì)，性情，性格，稟性”；B選項(xiàng)temperature“度；體溫；氣溫；發(fā)燒”；C選項(xiàng)temperance“戒酒，禁酒；自我克制，節(jié)制”；D選項(xiàng)tempera“蛋彩畫”。填入名詞受形容詞artistic修飾，故temperament“氣質(zhì)，性情，性格，稟性”符合題意，句意為：簡是一個(gè)有藝術(shù)氣質(zhì)的女孩。答案選A。27.單選題 Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them c

55、ope with their environment better than other of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that my help in getting food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. Tha

56、t results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments. Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to abs

57、orb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the suns energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptation, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have. Many animals have adaptations t

58、hat help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near. Organisms have a gr

59、eat variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain

60、their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.1. Some plants and animals develop superio