現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1課件

1、語(yǔ)法課堂上一頁(yè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)下一頁(yè)主菜單現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)- Its so dark.-Someone has turned off the light.(有人剛把燈關(guān)了,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:現(xiàn)在很黑)- Are you free?-I have finished my homework. I am free(我已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè),對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是很有空)主菜單1.表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本句型：肯定式：主語(yǔ) + 助動(dòng)詞have/has + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞. 疑問式：助動(dòng)詞Have/Has + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞?否定式: 主語(yǔ) + 助動(dòng)

2、詞have/has + not + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞. 例句： 1. I have cleaned my room. 我已打掃了房間。2. He hasnt finished his homework. 他還沒完成作業(yè)。 3.Have you read this novel ? 你看過這本小說嗎？ Yes , I have. 是的，看過了。No, I havent. 不，沒看過。4. We have studied English for two years. 我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了兩年英語(yǔ)了。5. They havent seen each other since 1998. 自從1998年他們就沒再見

3、過面。練習(xí)2:按要求改寫下列句子:1)We have visited the museum. (改為一般疑問句)2)They have seen the film. (改為否定句)3)He has returned the book. (對(duì)劃線部分提問)4)Jenny has already had her lunch. (改為一般疑問句并做否定回答)在熟悉了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本用法，基本句型以及過去分詞的構(gòu)成后，下面給同學(xué)們介紹一下現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在運(yùn)用時(shí)常出現(xiàn)的幾種情況：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的運(yùn)用(1):1在表示“用法1”時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和副詞already, yet, never, ever ,before

4、 ,just等連用。.b） never 是否定詞，表示“從來(lái)沒有”，而ever 表示“曾經(jīng)”We have never been to the Great Wall. 我們從來(lái)沒有去過長(zhǎng)城。Have you ever been to Canada? 你們?cè)?jīng)去過加拿大嗎？ c） just表示“剛剛”（用于完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，與already，never 等副詞的位置一樣，多用在助動(dòng)詞have/has和動(dòng)詞過去分詞之間）He has just come back. 他剛剛回來(lái)。They have just finished the work. 他們剛剛完成那項(xiàng)工作。d） before 用于完成時(shí)，而ag

5、o 用于過去時(shí)He has started his work ten years before. 他十年前就已經(jīng)開始他的工作了。He started his work ten years ago. 他是十年前開始他的工作的。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常與already, never, ever, just, yet, before, up to now, so far, for the last few weeks these days, since for a long time 連用上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)主菜單4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5

6、. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air.6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.8.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking since last year.have readhas gonedidgowenthave developedgavehas given下一頁(yè)上一頁(yè)主菜單二現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的運(yùn)用(

7、2):2在表示“用法2”時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和 for 或 since 引導(dǎo)的表示 “一段時(shí)間”的短語(yǔ)或從句連用（ 例如：for a week, for many years, for a long time/ since 1978,since last year, since he came here）此時(shí)動(dòng)詞不可用瞬間動(dòng)詞，而必須用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。（下面我們與過去時(shí)對(duì)比，來(lái)說明這種用法） 例如1：He bought a car six months ago. 他六個(gè)月前買了一輛車。(與過去具體時(shí)間連用，表示過去的動(dòng)作，故該句用的是一般過去時(shí))He has already bought a car.

8、 他已經(jīng)買了一輛車。(說明現(xiàn)在他有車的事實(shí))He has had a car for six months. 他買車已經(jīng)半年了。(此句與for six months即 “一段時(shí)間”連用，而瞬間性動(dòng)詞buy不可延續(xù)，故要說明動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性，須把buy換成持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have)例如2:I borrowed a book last week. 上周我借了一本書。(說明過去的動(dòng)作，與過去具體時(shí)間連用)I have borrowed the book. 我已經(jīng)借了那本書了。(說明現(xiàn)在書在我這里的事實(shí))I have kept the book for a week. 我已經(jīng)借那本書一周了。(與for a we

9、ek即 “一段時(shí)間”連用，用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞keep替換瞬間性動(dòng)詞borrow。)例如3：He taught in this school in 2000. (說明過去的動(dòng)作，與過去具體時(shí)間連用)He has taught in this school since he came here.自從他來(lái)這里就一直在這里教書. ( teach 本身是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 無(wú)須用其他詞替換)練習(xí)3：請(qǐng)用括號(hào)中所給的詞語(yǔ)重新改寫下列句子：His grandfather has died. ( for many years)The film has started. ( for half an hour)Our for

10、eign teachers have left. ( since the SARS came to Beijing.) 3. have been to/ have gone to 的區(qū)別have/has been to 指 “去過某地” (表示主語(yǔ)曾“去過某地”,但現(xiàn)在已離開)。have/has gone to 指 “去了某地” (表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在“去了某地”, 不在說話地點(diǎn))現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的運(yùn)用(3):練習(xí)4：根據(jù)句意, 用適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)填空:1、Wheres your father? He has _ _ Shanghai.2、Have you ever _ _ South Korea? No, I

11、havent.3、We have never _ _ the Great Wall.4、You can write to Bill. He has _ _ Japan.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表Infinitive(原形) Past Tense(過去式) Past Participle(過去分詞) （一）ABC 型: be(am,is,are)was werebeenbeginbeganbegunbitebitbitten/bitbreakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosendodiddone（一）ABC 型: drawdrewdrawn drinkdrankdrunk drivedro

12、vedriven eatateeaten fall fellfallen flyflewflown forgetforgotforgotten getgotgotten/got （一）ABC 型: givegavegiven gowentgone growgrewgrown hidehidhidden/hid knowknewknown lielaylain mistakemistookmistaken rideroderidden（一）ABC 型: ringrangrung riseroserisen seesawseen shakeshookshaken singsangsung spea

13、kspokespoken stealstolestolen（一）ABC 型: swimswamswum taketooktaken throwthrewthrown wakewoke/wakedwoken/waked/woke wearworeworn writewrotewritten（二） ABB型: bringbroughtbrought buildbuiltbuilt burn burnt/burnedburnt/burned buyboughtbought catchcaughtcaught digdugdug feelfeltfelt fightfoughtfought（二）ABB

14、型: findfoundfound havehadhad hearheard heard holdheldheld keepkeptkept leadledled leaveleftleft learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt（二）ABB型: loselostlost meanmeantmeant meetmetmet paypaidpaid readreadread saysaidsaid sellsoldsold sendsentsent （二）ABB型: shineshone/shinedshone/shined shootshotshot sitsats

15、at sleepsleptslept smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled spellspelt/spelledspelt/spelled spendspentspent（二）ABB型: standstoodstood sweepsweptswept teachtaughttaught telltoldtold thinkthought thought understandunderstood understood win wonwon（三）AAB型: beatbeatbeaten（四）ABA型: becomebecamebecome comecamecome run

16、ranrun（五）AAA型: castcastcast costcostcost（五）AAA型: cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurt letletlet putputput readreadread setsetset shutshutshut 課余活動(dòng)同學(xué)們好，今天我們要談?wù)摰慕浑H話題是“課余活動(dòng)” (spare-time activities)。我想同學(xué)們?cè)诰o張的學(xué)習(xí)之余，一定有著豐富多彩的課余活動(dòng)，那么咱們就一起放松一下，從下面幾個(gè)方面說說我們?cè)谡n余做些什么？一體育活動(dòng) （Sports）：Look at the following pictures. (看下

17、面的圖片)What is he/she doing? 他/她在做什么?Hes/Shes playing basketball/ playing football/ playing tennis / swimming/ doing gymnastics/ playing cards/ skiing/ playing ping-pong/ climbing/ doing Chinese Kung Fu/ playing badminton. 他/她在打籃球/ 踢足球/ 打網(wǎng)球/ 游泳/ 做體操/ 打撲克/ 滑雪/ 打乒乓球/ 攀巖/ 練中國(guó)功夫/ 打羽毛球。What are they dong?

18、他們?cè)谧鍪裁?？They are running/playing volleyball/playing chess/riding bikes.他們?cè)谂懿? 打排球/ 下棋/ 騎自行車。練習(xí)1：請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)說出其他的體育活動(dòng)。 如：滑冰skate，扔飛盤throw a frisby二電影電視(Movies and TV programs)1談?wù)撾娪埃?Do you want to go to a movie? 你想要去看電影嗎? Yes, I do. 是的,我想去。What kind of movies do you like? 你喜歡哪種電影？I like action movies / comed

19、ies / cartoons / Beijing Opera我喜歡動(dòng)作片/ 喜劇片/ 動(dòng)畫片 / 京劇1談?wù)撾娪埃篒 dont like romances/ documentaries/ thrillers我不喜歡浪漫片/ 記錄片/ 恐怖片 Why do you like them/ it? 你為什么喜歡它們/ 它? Because theyre / its exciting/ funny/ interesting/great因?yàn)樗鼈? 它令人激動(dòng)/ 滑稽/ 有趣/ 很棒Why dont you like them/ it? 你為什么不喜歡它們/ 它?Because theyre/ its s

20、ad/ boring/ scary因?yàn)樗鼈? 它令人傷感/ 無(wú)聊/ 恐懼2. 談?wù)撾娨?Most people like watching TV. What about you? 絕大多數(shù)人喜歡看電視,你呢?What is your favorite TV program? / What are your favorite TV programs? 你最喜歡的電視節(jié)目是什么?My favorite TV program is Tell it like it is/ Road to Health/ Man and Nature/ Sports world/ Chinese Cooking/ Mo

21、dern English/ Culture-Beijing/ weekend Chat 我最喜歡的電視節(jié)目是實(shí)話實(shí)說/ 健康之路/ 人與自然/ 體育世界/ 中國(guó)烹飪/ 現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)/ 周末聊天.2. 談?wù)撾娨?What do you think of game shows/ sports shows/ talk shows/ soap operas/ sitcoms?你認(rèn)為游戲節(jié)目/ 體育節(jié)目/ 訪談節(jié)目/ 肥皂劇/ 情景喜劇 怎么樣？I love them./ I like them. / I dont mind them./ I dont like them./ I cant stand th

22、em.我愛它們。/ 我喜歡它們。/ 我不關(guān)注它們。/我不喜歡它們。/我不能忍受練習(xí)2. 根據(jù)給你提供的下列圖片跟你的朋友商量你們這個(gè)周末要去看什么電影，你們都喜歡哪一類電影？為什么？三其他課余活動(dòng)：Look at the following pictures. 看下面的圖片1. What does Mike often do after school? 邁克放學(xué)后經(jīng)常做什么？ He often goes to the school library. 他常去校圖書館。2. Does Tony like reading newspapers in his free time? Yes, he do

23、es. 托尼喜歡在業(yè)余時(shí)間看報(bào)紙嗎? 是的, 他喜歡。 看圖說話：3. Anna sometimes baby-sits her brother after school. Anna放學(xué)后有時(shí)照看她弟弟。4. How often does Mary walk her dog？ 瑪麗多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間遛一次狗？ She walks her dog every afternoon. 她每天下午遛狗。5. What did you do over the weekend？ 你周末做什么了？ I cleaned my clothes on Saturday afternoon. 我星期六下午洗衣服了。6. Wh

24、at did Jane do over her weekend? Jane周末做什么了？ She stayed at home and cleaned her room. 她呆在家里打掃房間了。7. Peter did his homework over the weekend. Peter 周末做作業(yè)了。8. Where did you go on Sunday morning？ 星期天上午你們?nèi)ツ膬毫耍?We went to the Aquarium to watch a dolphin show. 我們?nèi)ニ屦^看海豚表演了。9. The babys hobby is reading a magazine. 這小孩的愛好是看雜志。10. I like listening to music be