八年級下知識精講精練（綜合）5

1、（英語提高培訓(xùn)）八年級下知識點精講精練（五）語法精析A. If條件句1.江條件句:條件句用于陳述語氣，表示假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生，其中if是“如果”的意思。 構(gòu)成條件從句主句時態(tài)If一般現(xiàn)在時主語shall/will+動詞原形例句If he comes,he will take us to the zoo.條件句構(gòu)成If +一般現(xiàn)在時， 主語+shall/will+動詞原形 If it doesnt rain tomorrow , I_ (go) to the zoo.2.用法: (1)條件狀語從句通常由連詞if引導(dǎo)，意為“如果，假如”，主句不能用be going to表示將來，而應(yīng)該用shall

2、,will.If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(錯 誤) If you leave now, you will never regret it.(正確) (2) if“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，if從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時。如: If it_( rain)tomorrow, I shant（wont） climb the hills. If I go to college, I will never become a great player. 【考例】 If_, I will go. A. he doesnt c

3、ome B. he wont come C. he will comeD. he is coming（注意賓語從句中的if與條件狀語從句中的if的區(qū)別。 賓語從句中的if“是否”相當于whether，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，時 態(tài)需根據(jù)語境確定。 I dont know if it will rain tomorrow我不知道明天是否 會下雨。 ）1)(中考) Tommy, do you know if Frank _to the theatre with us this Sunday if it _? Sorry, I have no idea.A. will go, is fine B, goes,

4、 is fine C. will go, is going to be fine D. goes , will be fine 2) Ask him if he _to the school party. If he _,1 will be very happy.A. goes, goes B. will go, goes C. goes, will go D. will go, will goIf you go to Beidaihe, you _ (have) a good time playing in the water.We _(not have )the sports meetin

5、g if the weather isnt (not be)fine next week.I _ (am) very sorry if you cant join in our party.If you _ (not follow) the teacher in class, you wont be able to finish your homework very well.If he borrows your money but never returns, _ you _ (get) annoyed?If you _(drive) too fast, you may have an ac

6、cident.Dont go and play basketball if you _ (finish) your homework. We _ (not go) sightseeing if it rains (rain) tomorrow1.Some of us dont finish the homework. Our teacher is angry.（合并成含條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句） Our teacher _ _ _angry _some of us dont finish the homework.2. Work lard, or youll fall behind others.

7、（改為if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句）_ you _ work hard, youll fall behind others.If you dont get up early, you wont have enough time to have breakfast. (同義句) _ up early _ you will have enough time to have breakfast.語法專練1. The football match will be put off(推遲) if it _. A. will rain B. rains C. rainedD. is rained 2. There

8、 _ a basketball game this afternoon. A. is going to have B. will beC. is going to play D. will play 3. This work is _ for me than for you. Adifficult Bthe most difficult Cmost difficultDmore difficult 4. Ill catch up with Lucy before she _ the finishing line. Areach Bis reaching Creaches in Dwill re

9、ach *5. If you don t go fishing tomorrow,_. A. he will, too. B. he wont, either C. he does, too. D. he doesnt, either. 6. I wont go if it _ tomorrow. Arain Bis raining Crains Dwill rain 7. Im waiting for my fiend. _, Ill go shopping alone. A. If she comes B. If she will come C. If she doesnt come D.

10、 If she wont come 8. After the meeting, we will have a party, if you _ free, come and join us.A. will be B. have C. will have D. are 9. I dont know if it _ tomorrow. If it _, I will go camping.A. will rain; doesnt rain B. rains; wont rain C. will rain; will rain D. rained; rained 知識點精講1. have a grea

11、t/good/nice/wonderful time玩得愉快= _ _=enjoy oneself =play happily 2. be famous _因出名 be famous _ 作為出名 Einstein was famous _a great scientist. A. for B. as C. like D. because Chongqing is famous _its hot pots and mountain city. A. for B. as C. like D. becauseHangzhou is famous _ its beautiful scenery.3.

12、 laugh _嘲笑 1) If someone makes mistakes, dont _ them. A. laugh to B. laugh at2) Dont run or shout _the party. If you do, youll_leave. A. in, have to B. at, must C. in, must D. at, have to4. get injured受傷 【考例】 Professional athletes are easy to get _.A. injured B. injure C. injuring D. injures5.let in

13、意為“讓進來” Eg. Windows _ _light and air. You must keep the door closed: Dont _the dog_. If we are late for class, the teacher wont _. A. let us in B. let in us C. let us intoD. let out us6.Class此處指全班同學。Half a/an; half, half the后接名詞，表“一半”。Eg. He ran half a mile/ a half mile in half an hour I have finish

14、ed half the book. 注意表“半個”或“個半”時，half 一詞的 用法。 Eg. _ an hour半小時，_ a year半年，one year and a _一年半=one and a half years一年半，five days and a half=five and a half days 五天半 【考例】I have read _ the book. A. half of B. half C. a half D. halves(3) half the +n.=half of the + n.謂語動紅詞根據(jù)名詞來 確定。 Half of the students _(

15、be)boys.=Half the students are boys.Half the work _(be)finished now.=Half of the work is finished now.現(xiàn)在完成了一半的工作。 (4) class作為集體名詞，為主語時，謂語動詞用單.數(shù)。 作“學生”時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。類似詞還有school, team, family等。 Our class _(be)hard-working.我們班的學生勤奮。 Our class _(be)a big one.我們班是個大班 .(5)half n. 半 （pl.） halves 把蘋果切成兩半。Cut th

16、e apple into two _.7. seem like+名詞好像，似乎 eg. It _ _years since we last met.我們似乎好幾年不見了。 8. all the time一直 Eg. Look! The monkeys _( run and jump) all the time.看!猴子們一直在跑在跳。I was doing the same job _.I really feel bored. A. all time B. all the time C. the whole time D. the all time9.特殊疑問詞+to +動詞原形 這個不定式短

17、語可以用賓語從句來替換如下: I cant remember how I can get to your house.= I cant remember _ _get to your house.Eg. Can you tell me what I shall do. = Can you tell me _ _ _.We know who we will ask. = We know _ _ ask.10. (1) enough 足夠的，修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，可以放在名詞前面，也可以放在名詞后面。 He has _ _ to take exercise.他有足夠的時間鍛煉身體。 Adv.足

18、夠地，修飾形容詞、副詞，并依枉其后。 The house is_ .這間房子夠大。A. big enough B. enough big He didnt run _. 池跑得不夠快。 A. enough fast B. fast enough(2)too to, so that和enough to do sth.的句式在一定的情況下可以互換。 在肯定句中 so that. 的復(fù)合句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成含有enough to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)的句子Eg. He worked so hard that he finished the work in time. =He worked hard_ _ fi

19、nish the work in time. 在具有否定意義的句子中，三者可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換，但 應(yīng)注意too to在和enough to do sth.與so that轉(zhuǎn)換 時，應(yīng)用句中形容詞的反義詞或?qū)hat從句改為否定句。 Eg. He is too young to join the army. =He is _ young_ he cant join the army 或:He isnt _ _ to join the army. = 3 * GB3 如果so. . . that結(jié)構(gòu)中主句和從句的主語不是一致的，應(yīng)在enough to do sth.和too. . . to結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式

20、前 加上“for sb. ( sth.)”的短語。Eg. English is so useful that all of us should learn it well. =English is_ _ for us to learn well. The maths problem is so difficult that I cant work it out. =The maths problem is _difficult for me _ wok out.= The maths problem isnt _ _ for me _work out. 11.take away 拿走，使離開

21、take it/them away (代詞放中間)【考例】1)Please take that cat_. I hate animals.A. away B. off C. in D. go 2)These are your books. Please _. A. take it away B. take them away C. take away it D. take away them 3) Dont forget_ when you go out. A. to take it awayB. to take away it C. taking away itD. took away it

22、（2013南開中考綜合）III. 完形填空。（每小題2分，共20分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個能填入相應(yīng)空格內(nèi)的最佳答案，并把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。We are now living in the 21st century . Is your classroom living in the 21st century , too ? Tony is a student in Grade 8 at an American middle school . He was surprised when he saw his modern 41 on his first d

23、ay of school .In Tonys classroom , there are many new electronics（電子設(shè)備）like iPads . This semester , they will 42 the electronics to take notes , watch videos and do projects and homework . “ Its 43 ” , said Tony . “ I prefer using an iPad to work on math or other projects 44 my team members . ”The s

24、chool uses new technology（技術(shù)）in classrooms to help students see , hear , touch and experience their tasks . “ Technology is pretty common in most of our classrooms now , ” the head teacher said . “ We are trying to use technology to 45 the world to kids . It can bring the outside world in . ”Science

25、 teacher Mr. Miller agrees . “ It is a 46 way for students to know the outside world , ” he said .Mr. Miller now regards himself as a guide of learning 47 as a teacher . “ If they have a question for me , I will try to teach them 48 to find the answers rather than tell them what the answers are , ” he said .Dale , another student , loves technology . He was not really interested in class before , 49 now he likes the classes very much . “ It helps me use what I know about tec