交互設(shè)計(jì)(世畢盟留學(xué))

1、gn交互設(shè)計(jì)(Interaction Design)(世畢盟留學(xué))一、交互是個(gè)筐，啥都往里裝交互(inter-action)，從字面上理解，就是A和B之間的一系列動(dòng)作和行為。 比如，早上你出門時(shí)碰到鄰居，沖ta喊一聲“早”，ta對(duì)你點(diǎn)頭、微笑，說(shuō)“早” 這就是一個(gè)完整的互動(dòng)過(guò)程。當(dāng)然，互動(dòng)不僅限于人與人之間，還可以發(fā) 生在系統(tǒng)和系統(tǒng)之間，比如人和機(jī)器，人和環(huán)境，機(jī)器和環(huán)境，等等。這可是個(gè)要命的問(wèn)題：幾乎在同一個(gè)次元的人和“物”，都可能發(fā)生互動(dòng)。當(dāng)然， 我們主要關(guān)注發(fā)生在對(duì)象和人之間，但這個(gè)范圍仍然過(guò)于寬泛。界面上的一個(gè)按 鈕，是交互；賣披薩不給手套，是交互；想過(guò)馬路對(duì)面卻要走幾公里穿隧道，是

2、交互.下面這張圖能加深大家對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)科年輕而混亂的印象(交互設(shè)計(jì)大概在五點(diǎn)鐘方 向)：我所理解的交互設(shè)計(jì)，扎根于三大領(lǐng)域:人心理學(xué)機(jī)計(jì)算機(jī)/工程美一一設(shè)計(jì)二、身體跟不上靈魂（或相反？），于是有了交互設(shè)計(jì)交互設(shè)計(jì)雖然是個(gè)筐，但它的確是應(yīng)需而生的。計(jì)算機(jī)問(wèn)世以后，如何讓它跟人 打交道，一直很讓人頭疼。雖然Geek們發(fā)明了各種各樣的“語(yǔ)言”，讓人和計(jì)算 機(jī)有了溝通的渠道，但是當(dāng)時(shí)的機(jī)器畢竟能力有限，需要人付出極大的努力才能 實(shí)現(xiàn)“對(duì)話”。如何讓人機(jī)交流更自然（當(dāng)然是偏袒人類的），漸漸形成了一個(gè)學(xué)科。而隨著計(jì) 算機(jī)能力指數(shù)級(jí)的增長(zhǎng)，計(jì)算機(jī)承擔(dān)越來(lái)越多，而人需要投入的理解和使用成本 則越來(lái)越小。當(dāng)資源不再

3、匱乏、實(shí)現(xiàn)能力極大提升后，對(duì)體驗(yàn)的追求漸漸成為人們消費(fèi)決策的 首因。于是各種各樣的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)都開始重視去理解消費(fèi)者/使用者，努力將產(chǎn) 品和服務(wù)的體驗(yàn)改進(jìn)到超出顧客預(yù)期。交互設(shè)計(jì)在其中便發(fā)揮了越來(lái)越重要的作 用。時(shí)至今日的人機(jī)互動(dòng)領(lǐng)域，隨著機(jī)器類型和能力的爆炸式增長(zhǎng)，技術(shù)越來(lái)越逆天， 人與機(jī)器對(duì)話的“界面”越來(lái)越模糊以及無(wú)處不在，交互設(shè)計(jì)將迎來(lái)第三次大發(fā)展。越來(lái)越多相互連接的元件和機(jī)器，極大拓展了人的感知、采集和控制能力，人與 環(huán)境互動(dòng)成為可能。如何促成人與整個(gè)環(huán)境的互動(dòng)，是未來(lái)幾年交互設(shè)計(jì)的大課題。三、行為引導(dǎo)和設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)話為了便于理解，我們把任何兩個(gè)系統(tǒng)之間的交互都看做“對(duì)話”（不僅包括語(yǔ)言，

4、還有動(dòng)作，肢體、表情，圖像變化，可感知的運(yùn)動(dòng)等等）。交互設(shè)計(jì)要做的事情， 就是讓兩個(gè)系統(tǒng)之間更好地“對(duì)話”。從廣義上理解，設(shè)計(jì)的本質(zhì)是“預(yù)先處理關(guān)系”，而從屬于設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域的交互設(shè)計(jì)， 主要關(guān)注的是如何讓人與系統(tǒng)更好地進(jìn)行”對(duì)話”。也就是人在跟一個(gè)系統(tǒng)打交道 時(shí)，他了解到哪些信息，他怎么做，感受如何。設(shè)計(jì)節(jié)點(diǎn)的“對(duì)話”人與系統(tǒng)的“對(duì)話”，往往發(fā)生在關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)上。比如去ATM取錢，對(duì)話基本是在 一塊屏幕上進(jìn)行，而且人和ATM對(duì)話的過(guò)程，是由若干節(jié)點(diǎn)組成的路徑：*你告訴ATM賬號(hào)ATM識(shí)別賬號(hào)，問(wèn)你要做什么*你告訴ATM要做第一件事ATM做第一件事并給出反饋ATM問(wèn)你要做什么*你告訴ATM要做第二件事“

5、”*交互設(shè)計(jì)處理的就是這些關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的“對(duì)話”，如何讓雙方（人，機(jī)）明白對(duì)方的 意思、知道對(duì)方的進(jìn)度、知道對(duì)方的困難并且解決.也就是說(shuō)，交互設(shè)計(jì)的是 用戶在使用一個(gè)系統(tǒng)/產(chǎn)品時(shí)所經(jīng)過(guò)的“路徑”，以及與系統(tǒng)/產(chǎn)品發(fā)生的“對(duì)話”?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)品界面交互設(shè)計(jì)回歸現(xiàn)實(shí)，大蘿筐【交互設(shè)計(jì)】中套著一個(gè)小蘿筐【人機(jī)交互】，而最常見的“機(jī)”， 就是每天都能見到的網(wǎng)站/客戶端/app。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)的交互設(shè)計(jì)，指的主要是這些 界面的設(shè)計(jì)。那么，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)品界面交互設(shè)計(jì)具體做什么？定義用戶特點(diǎn)、需求、目標(biāo)理清用戶任務(wù)和流程定義功能整理信息/頁(yè)面結(jié)構(gòu)提出設(shè)計(jì)方案草稿，整理原型，團(tuán)隊(duì)討論跟進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)跟進(jìn)上線和迭代優(yōu)化無(wú)限循環(huán).

6、四、生活中的交互設(shè)計(jì)交互設(shè)計(jì)雖然不能吃，也是極有用的。但是要記得一點(diǎn)：好的交互設(shè)計(jì)，讓人感 覺(jué)不到設(shè)計(jì)的存在。通過(guò)下面約妹紙的例子，你應(yīng)該理解什么是真正的交互設(shè)計(jì)了。從“對(duì)話”的角度理解約妹紙看電影的全過(guò)程，看看哪些環(huán)節(jié)可以下功夫去提升體 驗(yàn)。1、第一階段：約妹子是否喜歡看電影？喜歡什么類型的？最近上了哪些電影？妹子什么時(shí)候有空？妹子住哪里？可能會(huì)喜歡去哪些電影院？（用戶調(diào)研）以什么理由提出妹子會(huì)覺(jué)得比較自然不尷尬？在什么場(chǎng)合下發(fā)起對(duì)話，為什么？ 需要制造這樣的場(chǎng)合嗎？（場(chǎng)景營(yíng)造）在對(duì)話時(shí)，少使用封閉式句式，先回應(yīng)情緒再導(dǎo)向事實(shí)，提供可能性并給出有 助于決策的信息.（對(duì)話引導(dǎo)）2、第二階段：去

7、約在什么地方碰面合適？妹子知道在哪嗎？過(guò)去方便嗎？會(huì)用什么方式過(guò)去？人多擁堵嗎？會(huì)在哪里等候？天氣會(huì)不會(huì)出問(wèn)題？需要先吃東西嗎？妹子或你早到/遲到了如何回應(yīng)？如何開啟話題？電影院如何去？需要換票嗎？去排隊(duì)時(shí)讓妹子干啥？開場(chǎng)前時(shí)間如何打發(fā)？ 要買零食嗎？妹子喜歡吃啥？3、第三階段：看進(jìn)場(chǎng)時(shí)走妹子前面還是后面？太黑看不清怎么辦？如何快速找到座位？?jī)蓚€(gè) 位置讓妹子坐哪個(gè)？領(lǐng)的眼鏡要怎處置？包和零食放哪既好拿又不容易打翻？ 手機(jī)調(diào)靜音了嗎？看的是什么類型的電影？要在妹子淚目時(shí)準(zhǔn)備好紙巾嗎？身邊坐了熊孩子怎 么處理？4、第四階段：回妹子看完電影是意猶未盡還是哈欠連連，該送她回家還是準(zhǔn)備其他節(jié)目？如何 討

8、論電影劇情？妹子怎么回家方便？需不需要帶些吃的回家？告別時(shí)說(shuō)些什么？分開后再說(shuō)些什么能增強(qiáng)兩人的共同回憶，或是埋下下次約會(huì)的線索？一場(chǎng)約會(huì)包含了無(wú)數(shù)細(xì)節(jié)，妹子對(duì)你的印象就由這些細(xì)節(jié)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)構(gòu)成。雖然這些 都是很自然的反應(yīng)，但是用設(shè)計(jì)的角度去看，很多細(xì)節(jié)都可以提前考慮和優(yōu)化， 這樣能讓妹子感覺(jué)跟你在一起很舒服。好的交互設(shè)計(jì)，是讓人感覺(jué)不到的設(shè)計(jì)真正的體貼，是讓人感覺(jué)不到的體貼啊 The following is a list of colleges, universities, and art schools which offer interaction design programs.Univ

9、ersityCountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degreeAarhus University,DenmarkDenmarkBA (Information Studies + Digital Design + IT Bachelor)MA (Information Studies + Digital Design + IT Product Development)Academy of ArtUniversity,SanFranciscoUnitedStatesBFA, 2nd BFA (Web Design & NewMedia + NewMedia On

10、lineProgram)MFA(WebDesign & NewMedia + NewMediaOnlineProgram)Aegean University, Syros Island, GreeceGreeceBSc (Department of Products and Systems Design Engineering)MSc (Design of interactive and industrial products and systems)Aalborg UniversityDenmarkYes (1)Yes (2)ArizonaStateUniversityUnitedState

11、sMSD (InteractionDesign) (3)UniversityCountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degreeArt Center College of DesignUnitedStatesBS (InteractionDesign)MFA (GraduateMediaDesignProgram)Austin Center for DesignUnitedStatesYes (Interaction Design and Social Entrepreneurship)Brandeis UniversityUnitedStatesMS (Us

12、er-Centered Design)Brunel UniversityUKMSc(DigitalDesignandBranding)Brunel UniversityUKMSc(Digitalservice design)California College of the ArtsUnitedStatesBFA (Interaction Design)MDes (InteractionDesign), MFA (Graduate Design, Interaction track)CarnegieMellonUniversityUnitedStatesMDes (InteractionDes

13、ign),Ph.D(Design)Chalmers University of TechnologySwedenMSc. (InteractionDesign&Technologies)College for Creative StudiesUnitedStatesBFA (Communication Design)MFA (Interaction Design)Copenhagen Institute of Interaction Design, DenmarkDenmarkNoYesCyprus University of TechnologyCyprusMSc. (Interaction

14、Design (online)Danish School of Media & Journalism, DenmarkDenmarkBA (Interactive Design)DepartmentofDesign, IIT GuwahatiIndiaBDes (Interaction Design)MDes (InteractionDesign),Ph.DUniversityCountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degree(Design)Design Programme, IIT Kanpur, IndiaIndiaMDes (4) and PhD (5

15、)Designskolen KoldingDenmarkBA (InteractionDesign)MA (Communicat ion Design)DigitalDesignSchool, H-Campus, near VeniceItalyNoYesDrexel UniversityUnitedStatesBS (InteractiveDigital Media)MS(DigitalMedia)Ecole cantonale dart de LausanneSwitzerlan dBachelor(6)LEcole de design Nantes AtlantiqueFranceMas

16、ter (Tangible Interface)Strate Ecole deDesignFranceMasters degree in industrial design, Major interactionEcoleNormaleSuperieure de LyonFranceMaster Degree inInformationArchitectureEindhoven University of TechnologyNetherland sBSc. (IndustrialDesign)MSc. (Industrial Design)(Human-T echnology Interact

17、ion)Elon UniversityUnitedStatesMA (Interactive Media)Emily Carr University of Art and DesignCanadaBA (InteractionDesign)Faber-Ludens Institute(Interaction Design)Georgia Institute of TechnologyUnited StatesMID (Interaction track)Gj0vik UniversityCollegeNorway(MSc Interaction Design)Haute Ecole dArt

18、et Design GeneveSwitzerlan dMA(MediaDesign)UniversityCountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degreeThe Hong KongPolytechnicUniversityHongKongBA (Interactive Media)MDes (Interaction Design)IIT Institute of DesignUnitedStatesMDes, Ph.DIndiana University (Bloomington)UnitedStatesMS(HumanComputerInteractio

19、nDesign)IndustrialDesignCentre, IIT Bombay, IndiaIndiaBDesMDes, Ph.DInstrument DesignDevelopment Centre, IIT Delhi, IndiaIndiaMDesKent State UniversityUnitedStatesMS (Information Architecture and Knowledge Management - User Experience Design) (7)Kerala State Institute of Design (KSID)IndiaProduct ,T

20、extile & Communication DesignKoreaAdvancedInstitute of Science and TechnologyKoreaUniversity of Art andDesignLausanne (ECAL)Switzerlan dBA (Media & Interaction Design)Laval UniversityCanadaMA (Maitrise enDesignMultimedia) (8)LindenwoodUniversity - BellevilleUnited StatesBA (InteractiveMedia and Web

21、Design)Linnaeus UniversitySwedenUniversityCountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degreeLondon College of CommunicationUKBA Design for Interaction andMoving Image(imihub)Louisville Center forDesignLindseyWilson CollegeUnitedStatesMaster of Arts in Interactive Design (9)Malmo UniversitySwedenYes1 or 2 y

22、ear Master (Interaction Design)Magdeburg-StendalUniversity of AppliedSciences, GermanyGermanyBA Industrial DesignMA Interaction DesignMaryland Institute College of Art (MICA)UnitedStatesMPS(UserExperienceDesign)Maryville University, St. LouisUnitedStatesBFA (InteractiveDesign)MassachusettsCollege of

23、 Art andDesignUnitedStatesMFA (DynamicMedia Institute)MissouriStateUniversity, MissouriUnitedStatesBS (InteractiveNew Media)MissouriWesternStateUniversity,MissouriUnitedStatesMA (Usability and Human Factors)Monash UniversityAustralia2yearMaster Master of Interaction DesignNational College ofArt and

24、Design, Dublin, IrelandIreland1 year MA (Interaction Design)National Institute of Design, Research and DevelopmentCampus, Bangalore, IndiaIndiaMaster of Design (M.Des)inInteraction Design (10)UniversityCountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degreeNewYorkUniversity: Tisch School of the Arts New York Un

25、iversity: Tandon School of Engineeringbbb:/engi /acade mics/programs/integra ted-digital-media-msUnited StatesMPS Interactive Telecommunicatio ns ProgrammMSIntegratedDigital Media with specialisation in Interaction DesignOsnabruck University of Applied SciencesGermanyMA (Media &Intera

26、ction Design)OCAD UniversityCanadaDigital Futures: Graduate Diploma,MA,MDes and MFA(Media&Interaction Design)Oslo School ofArchitectureandDesignNorwayMA Interaction designNorwegian School ofInformationTechnologyNorwayYesParsons The New School for DesignUnited StatesInteractionDesignMFA (Design and T

27、echnology)PhiladelphiaUniversityUnited StatesBA (InteractiveDesignandDevelopment)MS(UserExperience andInteractionDesign)Pratt InstituteUnitedStatesYesMFA (Interactive Arts)Purdue UniversityUnited StatesMFA (Interaction Design)QuasarDesignUniversityItalyDiploma triennale inInteractionDesignUniversity

28、CountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degreeQueenslandUniversityofTechnologyAustraliaYesQuinnipiac UniversityUnitedStatesBA InteractiveDigital DesignMS InteractiveMediaRoyal College of Art, LondonUKMA(DesignInteractions), PhD (DesignInteractions), MA (Information ExperienceDesign),PhD(Information Exp

29、erience Design)Savannah College of Art and DesignUnitedStatesBA (Interactive Design and Game Development)MA (Interactive Design and Game Development), MFA (Interactive Design and Game Development)School of Visual ArtsUnitedStatesMFA (InteractionDesign)Sheridan CollegeCanadaBAT (InteractionDesign)Sim

30、onFraserUniversityCanadaBSc,BA(Interactive Arts& Technology)MA, MSc, PHD (Interactive Arts & Technology)Southern UniversityCollegeMalaysiaBDe (ComputerGraphic Design)StanAckermansInstitutePDEng (User-System Interaction)Srishti Institute of Art,DesignandTechnology (bbb:/srishti.ac.in)Bengaluru, India

31、B.Des. Human Centred Design (bbb:/srishti.ac.in /programs/ug-pro fessional-programM.Des. Human Centred Design (bbb:/srishti.ac.in/ programs/postgrad uate-program-in-hUniversityCountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degree-in-human-center ed-design)uman-centered-des ign)Stockholm UniversitySwedenBSc (I

32、nteraction Design)SUPSI, Master of Advanced Studies in Interaction Design (MAIND)Switzerlan dMasterofAdvanced Studies (11)Syracuse UniversityUnited StatesTsinghua UniversityChinaBA (Information Design)Tunku Abdul Rahman University CollegeMalaysiaBCE (MultimediaDesign)Umea Institute of DesignSwedenNo

33、YesUniversitiTunkuAbdul RahmanMalaysiaBA(GraphicDesignandMultimedia)UniversityofAmsterdamNetherland sBsc. Information ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern SwitzerlandSwitzerlan dMAS (Interaction Design)UniversityofBaltimoreUnitedStatesM.S. InteractionDesignandInformationArchite

34、cture D.S.Information andInteraction DesignUniversityofCalifornia, BerkeleySchool of InformationUnitedStatesYesUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine:Donald Bren School of Information &UnitedStatesYes (Informatics)UniversityCountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degreeComputer ScienceUniversityofCincinnati Col

35、lege of Design, Architecture, Art, and PlanningUnitedStatesBSDesign(Graphic Communication Design/Interaction Design Focus )University of Dundee, DJCADScotlandBSc Digital Interaction Design (DIxD)MScProductDesignUniversity of KansasUnited StatesYesUniversityofLimerick, IrelandIrelandBSc Digital Media

36、 DesignMSc/MA Interacti ve MediaUniversity Iuav of VeniceItalyYesUniversity of MiamiUnitedStatesMFA (Interactive Media)UniversityofMichigan School ofInformation,AnnArbor, MIUnitedStatesBS in Information (User Experience Design Path)MS in Information (User Experience ResearchandDesign)University of O

37、sloNorwayBSc (Informatics: design,use,interaction)MSc (Informatics: design,use,interaction)Universite du Quebec a MontrealCanadaUniversityofQueenslandAustraliaMIDes Interaction DesignUniversity of San MarinoSanMarinoMDes(MastersdegreeinInteractionDesign)UniversityofSouthern DenmarkDenmarkBE (Interac

38、tionDesign)MSc (IT ProductDesign)University of SydneyAustraliaBDesComp (DesignMIDEA (InteractionUniversityCountryUndergraduat e degreeGraduate degreeComputing)DesignandElectronic Arts)UniversityofWashingtonUnitedStatesBachelorofDesign (FormerlyBFA) (12)YesUniversityofWaterlooCanadaBGBDA (GlobalBusiness&Digital Arts)MDEI (DigitalExperienceInnovation)University of AppliedSciences PotsdamGermanyBA Interface DesignMA Interface DesignUniversity of the ArtsBremen, GermanyGermanyBA Digital MediaMA Digital MediaUniversityofSaskatchewanCanadaBA&BSC InteractiveSystems Design(BA & Bsc)Univer