八年級英語牛津版8BUnit4AgoodreadReading

1、Unit 4 A good readReadingWords and phrases reviewagainstbe tired outtieoverstomachuntilfingertinyfall overprep. 緊靠，碰，撞筋疲力盡vt. 捆，綁prep. 從一邊到另一邊n. 腹部；胃conj. 直到為止n. 手指adj. 極小的摔倒Words reviewvt. & vi. 繼續(xù)adv. 也vt. & vi. 設(shè)法完成；管理vt. 舉起，抬高；提高n. 大批，大群modal v. 應(yīng)該，必須；一定adj. 不能的，不會的n. 肩膀continueeithermanagelifta

2、rmymust unableshoulderMatchagainsttired outtietinycontinuemanagea keep doing somethingb very smallc finish what you have tried to dod very tirede hitting somethingf hold things together with ropes To understand the extract from the book, Gullivers Travels To learn more information about the book, Gu

3、llivers Travels To learn the words and expressions in the extractObjectivesImportant words:against, tie, over, stomach, until, finger,tiny, continue, either, manage, lift,army, must, shoulderImportant phrases:be tired out, fall overBackground informationGullivers Travels is a novel by Irish writer a

4、nd clergyman Jonathan Swift. It is Swifts best known full-length work, and a classic of English literature. This novel tells us Gullivers amazing adventures in some countries.The novel contains four parts.Part I: A Voyage to Lilliput (小人國)During his first voyage, Gulliver is washed ashore (在岸上) afte

5、r a shipwreck (船舶失事) and finds himself a prisoner of a race of tiny people, less than 6 inches tall, who are inhabitants (居民) of the island country of Lilliput. Part II: A Voyage to Brobdingnag (大人國)When the sailing ship Adventure is blown off course (航向) by storms and forced to sail for land in sea

6、rch of fresh water, Gulliver is abandoned (拋棄) by his companions (同伴) and found by a farmer who is 72 feet (22m) tall. The farmer treats him as a curiosity and exhibits (展覽) him for money. Part III: A Voyage to Laputa (飛島國), Balnibarbi, Luggnagg, Glubbdubdrib, and Japan After Gullivers ship was atta

7、cked by pirates (海盜), he is marooned (陷于孤立無援困境的) close to a desolate (荒涼的) rocky island near India. Fortunately, he is rescued by the flying island of Laputa, a kingdom devoted to the arts of music and mathematics but unable to use them for practical ends. Gulliver is then taken to Balnibarbi to awa

8、it (等待) a trader who can take him on to Japan. While waiting for a passage, Gulliver takes a short side-trip to the island of Glubbdubdrib, where he visits a magicians (魔法師) dwelling (住處) and discusses history with the ghosts of historical figures, the most obvious restatement of the ancients versus

9、 moderns theme in the book. In Luggnagg he encounters the struldbrugs 斯特勒爾布勒格(虛構(gòu)的永不死亡的人), unfortunates who are immortal (長生的). They do not have the gift of eternal (永恒的) youth, but suffer the infirmities (虛弱) of old age and are considered legally dead at the age of eighty. After reaching Japan, Gull

10、iver asks the Emperor “to excuse my performing the ceremony imposed upon my countrymen of trampling upon the crucifix (請求天皇赦免執(zhí)行踐踏十字架的儀式：十字架踩踏儀式涉及17世紀的日本歷史，從前日本人反對耶穌教，外國人去通商的不準登岸，除非在十字架上踩踏而過，表明自己不是基督教徒),” which the Emperor does. Gulliver returns home, determined to stay there for the rest of his days

11、.Part IV: A Voyage to the Country of the Houyhnhnms (慧骃國/智馬國)Despite his earlier intention of remaining at home, Gulliver returns to the sea as the captain (船長) of a merchantman (商船). He is abandoned in a landing boat and comes upon a race of hideous (可怕的), deformed (丑陋的) and savage (野蠻的) humanoid (

12、像人的) creatures. Shortly afterwards he meets a race of horses who call themselves Houyhnhnms (which in their language means the perfection of nature). Gullivers TravelsA Voyage to Lilliput1699年5月4日，格列佛應(yīng)“羚羊號”船長的雇請，乘船到太平洋一帶航海，因遇風(fēng)暴，“羚羊號”觸礁沉沒了。他和五個水手跳入救生艇中逃生，可是半途救生艇也翻了。格列佛只身被風(fēng)浪刮到利立浦特島上。上岸后，他由于過度疲乏，躺在草地上酣

13、睡了一覺。待他醒來時，他覺得全身都動彈不得，他的四肢、身體被緊緊捆縛住了，連他的頭發(fā)也一根根地被縛牢在地上。 他被獻給了國王。后來格列佛溫順的表現(xiàn)逐漸贏得了國王和人民對他的好感，他也漸漸熟悉了小人國的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。在格列佛的幫助下，該小人國打敗了另一個小人國，但是格列佛不愿滅掉該國，國王對此很不高興。一次，皇宮失火。由于運水困難，格列佛撒了一泡尿澆滅了大火。這使皇后十分反感。加上海軍大臣嫉妒他的功勞，于是國王召開了一次密謀會，準備除掉格列佛。格列佛得知后，慌忙逃到那個被打敗的小人國。再從那兒找到了一只小船，便乘船離去。他在公海上遇到一只英國商船。他便搭乘這只商船，于是1702年回到倫敦。從而結(jié)束了

14、他的第一次游歷。 Listen and chooseWhich adventure does this extract belong to?A. Lilliput B. Brobdingnag C. Laputa D. HouyhnhnmsIn this extract, who am “I”?A. Jonathan Swift B. GulliverC. Sandy D. A small manRead the extract carefully and match the events with their causes. 1 Gulliver fell down on the beach

15、 and went to sleep.2 Gulliver found himself unable to move.3 The tiny men all fell over.4 Gulliver got one hand free.5 Gulliver wanted to run away.a He managed to break the ropes.b His arms, legs and hair were tied to the groundc He was tired out after swimming for a long time.d He saw a huge army o

16、f tiny people coming towards him.e Gulliver shouted at them. 1 c 2 b 3 e 4 a 5 d1. Gullivers ship crashed against the rocks.2. When Gulliver woke up, it was almost evening.3. A tiny man climbed onto Gullivers body and stood on his shoulder.TFF4. Gulliver shouted at the tiny men, but they did not car

17、e.5. Gulliver talked with those small men.6. Gulliver finally pulled his right hand free.TFFRead and answer.1. What did Gulliver do after their ship crashed against the rocks? He swam as far as he could. By the time he finally felt the land under his feet, he was tired out. He fell down on the beach

18、 and went to sleep.2. Did Gulliver know where he was when he woke up? No, he did not.3. What did Gulliver find after he woke up? He found he could not move. His arms, legs and hair were tied to ground.4. How big was the small man? He was the same size as Gullivers little finger.5. Could Gulliver com

19、municate with the small men? No, he could not.Language pointsAfter our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could.against 表示“緊靠；碰，撞”，后接名詞、代詞、V-ing形式等作賓語。His bike crashed against the rock, so he hurt his leg.他的自行車撞到巖石上，傷了腿。against 還可以表示“反對”。Are you against it or for it? 你對此事是反對呢還是贊成?as

20、far as I could 表示“盡我所能地遠”，使用“as + adj./adv. + as”結(jié)構(gòu)。This film is as interesting as that one is.這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。He speaks English as fluently as you.他英語說的和你一樣流利。 By the time I finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired out.by the time 等到；到的時候The injured man was fairly far gone (病重) by the time th

21、e ambulance (救護車) arrived. 救護車到時那傷者已生命垂危。be tired out 筋疲力盡He was tired out after his long trip to California.至加利福尼亞州長途旅行歸來后，他覺得非常疲倦。However, they soon got up again and continued moving across my body.get up (使)起立，站起來 Get up when the king enters the room.在國王進屋時大家應(yīng)該起立?；仡檹?fù)習(xí)：get up 起床 (七年級上冊 U3)get away

22、 逃脫，離開 (七年級下冊 U6)get off 下車 (八年級上冊 U3)get on 上車 (八年級上冊 U3)continue 用作及物動詞，表示“繼續(xù)”，后接名詞、代詞、V-ing形式、動詞不定式等作賓語。He continued the work day after day.他一天一天地繼續(xù)做這件工作。How can you continue to work/continue working with all that noise going on? 你在那不停的噪聲中怎么能工作得下去呀?continue 用作不及物動詞，意為“持續(xù)；繼續(xù)”After a short break th

23、e play continued.經(jīng)過短暫的休息以后，戲繼續(xù)上演。I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes.manage vt. & vi. 設(shè)法完成；管理I managed to pull myself up onto a wet, sloping (傾斜的) ledge (暗礁).我終于爬上了一塊潮濕傾斜的暗礁。Jones manages the finances here. 瓊斯主管這里的財務(wù)。managetodo強調(diào)通過努力獲得了預(yù)期的結(jié)果(= succeed in doing sth.)；

24、trytodo 強調(diào)嘗試的過程(= to make an effort to do sth.)。 He managed to escape to South America. 他設(shè)法逃到了南美。He tried to escape to South America. 他設(shè)法要逃到南美去。 Tips for teacherLet the word fly 板塊是幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一些一詞多義、熟詞生義的詞匯。通過此環(huán)節(jié)，學(xué)生可以對一些常見詞的用法、意思有一個全面的了解。在翻譯過程中體會詞匯使用的豐富多彩。Let the word flyIts never over till its over.未到最后

25、關(guān)頭，絕不輕言放棄。 Dont cry over spilled milk. 別為過去不好的事兒而傷心了。 over名言警句讀一讀介詞 prep. We live over a small bookstore. 我們住在一家小書店的樓上。 在之上, 在正上方We spread a carpet over the floor. 我們給地板鋪上了地毯。 (覆蓋)在上面He never tries to curry favor (討好某人) with those over him. 他從不去討好上司。 (職位等)高于; 支配; 監(jiān)督 A plane flew over the house. 一架飛機

26、飛過了房子。 越過 ；(從一邊)到的另一邊My grandchildren will stay over Christmas. She told me over the telephone about it. 她在電話里把這事告訴了我。 通過媒介我的孫兒孫女們圣誕節(jié)期間將呆在這兒。 在期間 形容詞 adj. Summer is over. It is autumn now. 夏天過去了。秋天到了。 結(jié)束的，完了的副詞 adv. She stepped over to the other side to avoid meeting him. 她走到大街另一邊，避免與他相遇。 從一邊至另一邊；越過

27、The soup spilled over. 湯潑出來了。 越出邊緣；溢出He plans to do it over again. 他打算從頭再做一遍。 再一次，重復(fù)地 活學(xué)活用從上面給出的例句中我們可以看到over的含義很豐富，不僅僅表示 “在之上”或者“結(jié)束的”。大家還知道哪些與over相關(guān)的口語表達或短語呢？請選擇幾個進行造句或?qū)υ捑毩?xí)。Reflection1. as far as I could2. be tired out3. fall down 4. go to sleep5. fall over6. continue doing7. manage to do 8. run aw

28、ay from 1. The bus driver always says to us, “Dont get off _ the bus stops.” (2012貴州銅仁) A. when B. while C. until D. if2. When shall we leave for China? We wont _ we have visited all the places of interest here. (2012湖北荊州) A. until B. while C. as D. sinceI. 單項選擇。3. Where are you going for the coming

29、 winter camp? I wont decide on the place _ the end of this month. (2012湖北宜昌) A. until B. unless C. though D. through 4. They didnt go to bed _ the work was finished. (2012山東濱州) A. when B. while C. until D. after5. Tigers wait _ it is dark, then go out to find their food. (2012山東濰坊) A. since B. until

30、 C. as D. because6. Helen didnt know anything about it _ her father told her. (2013江蘇宿遷) A. if B. because C. after D. until 7. Its too late. I have to go now. Oh, its raining outside. Dont leave _ it stops. (2013湖南長沙) A. since B. until C. while8. Jimmy, its time to go to bed. Oh, I wont do that _ I

31、finish my homework. (2013黔東南) A. if B. until C. after D. when 9. Mr Wang is strongly _ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom. (2013山東臨沂) A. up B. for C. against D. down10. Im _ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live i

32、n. (2013山東青島) A. against B. on C. in D. for11. Mrs. King put a coat _ the sleeping girl to keep her warm. (2013安徽) A. over B. with C. behind D. besideII. 根據(jù)提示填空。1. Why dont we put the bed _ (緊靠) the wall?2. I _ (綁) my hair back when its hot.3. She jumped _ (從一邊到另一邊) the gate.4. I was hungry and my _ (胃) had started making noises.