國家開放大學電大《高級英語閱讀(一)》《電氣傳動與調(diào)速系統(tǒng)》網(wǎng)絡(luò)課形考網(wǎng)考作業(yè)(合集)答案

1、國家開放大學電大高級英語閱讀(1)電氣傳動與調(diào)速系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)課形考網(wǎng)考作業(yè)(合集)答案國家開放大學電大高級英語閱讀(1) 電氣傳動與調(diào)速系統(tǒng) 網(wǎng)絡(luò)課形考網(wǎng)考作業(yè)(合集)答案高級英語閱讀(1) 網(wǎng)絡(luò)課答案 形考任務(wù)一(70分)Chapter 1 Exercise (分值7分)題 目 1 I. Vocabulary skills ( 3 points ) Look at the columns below.Match each vocabulary word on the right with the correct definition on the left. (0.5 points each)

2、1.the bus or subway 2.proof of completion of courses of students 3.money for students from scholarships, grants, or loans 4.formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study 5.courses by video, video conferencing, or computers to students in different places 6.the points or grade a stud

3、ent gets on a test 答案：II. Reading Comprehension (4 points) Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each ) Experiencing Culture Shock A When Eliza James arrived at theUniversity of Xian, she was excited to live in a new country, to improve her Chinese, and to experience a c

4、ulture so different from her own. But soon her excitement turned to frustration as she encountered one roadblock after another.“ I felt like I couldnt accomplish anything. My dorm room had no heat, I couldn t get into the classes I wanted, and every time I asked someone for help they gave me the run

5、around. I felt like no one was listening to me. “ Eliza met with administrators, sent letters of complaint, and even contacted the consulate in Beijing, but she got nowhere.What Eliza didn t realize was that her American approach to solving problems was very different from the Chinese one in which p

6、atience and negotiation skills are key. She soon learned how to solve problems within the cultural norms of Chinese society instead of forcing her own values onto those around her.“ I finally feel like I fit in and that I know what I m doing. In fact, it s really fun being in a place that s so incre

7、dibly different from what I am accustomed to. “ B Yoshi Yamamoto is a junior at a small college outside of Boston. Although he is an honors student now, Yoshi didn t always have such an easy time studying in America.“ Teaching methods are very different here than they are in Ja pan.It took me a long

8、 time to get used to learning in seminars anddiscussing ideas with my classmates. At first it seemed like I wasn t actually learning anything. “Yoshi s reaction was to totallywithdraw: he didn t participate in class discussion; he spent lots of time alone in his room, and he even skipped class on oc

9、casion. “ I thought I could teach myself. Now I recognize the value of the U.S. academic system, and I am able to adapt it to my own learning style. “ C Both Eliza and Yoshi experienced wihsactalled culture shock: psychological disorientation due to living in a new culture. For many international st

10、udents, studying abroad can offer exposure to new cultures and an opportunity to study new fields and languages. However, it also offers the greater challenge of trying to function in a foreign culture. Studying and reading about a certain culture is poor preparation for the reality of living in it.

11、 According to psychological studies, the four stages of culture shock are 1. euphoria, 2. hostility, 3. gradual adjustment, and 4. adaptation. Culture shock can be manifested in many ways: homesickness, boredom, stereotyping of or hostility towards the host culture, overeating or overdrinking, withd

12、rawal, and inability to work effectively. D Different people experience different levelsof culture shock and react in different ways. For example, Eliza got angry while Yoshi withdrew from society. The most important thing to remember is that culture shock is normal; it is not something to be ashame

13、d of. Luckily, there are some things international students can do to make their adjustment to a new country go more smoothly. For instance, they can stay in touch with family and friends from home, join international student organizations, meet people from their own countries, and get involved in c

14、ampus activities. Most importantly, they can adjust to life abroad by keeping a sense of humor and trying to remain positive. Recognizing Paragraph Topics ( choose the paragraph letter ) 題目 2 7. an explanation of culture shock 選擇一項：A. A B. B C. C D. D 題目 3 8. ways that students can adjust to living

15、in a new country 選擇一項：A. A B. B C. C D. D 題 目 4 9. the experience of an international student in the United States 選擇一項：A. A B. B C. C D. D 題 目 5 10. the experience of an international student in China 選擇一項：A. A B. B C. C D. D Chapter 2 Exercise (分值 7 分)題目 1 I. Vocabulary Skills ( 2 points ) Sometim

16、es examples can explainthe meaning of a word or phrase. For example, sun, rain, and wind are examples of kinds of weather. Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word or phrase in the first column with the examples in the second column. (0.4 points each) 1.kinds of extreme weather 2.Earth

17、s natural materials and gases 3. diseases or health disorders 4. seasons of the year 5. natural areas or regions of the earth 答案：II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B or C. (1 point each) Seasonal Affective Disorder: More th

18、an Just the Blues A Joshua dreads the winter months, not only because of the cold New England weather-thesleet, snow, wind, andrain-but because as the seasons change from summer to fall to winter, the days get shorter. As the days get shorter, he starts feeling depressed and irritable and spends mor

19、e and more time at home, eating and sleeping. A graduate student in philosophy, Joshua finds that he gets little work done during the winter months and has trouble paying attention in class and concentrating on his research. “ I soon realtizwehdatthI thought was just the winter blues was something m

20、ore extreme than that. “Josh visited a doctor who diagnosed him with SAD. B 5 / 51Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a kind of depression that occurs seasonally. It is associated with the long hours of darkness and lack of sunlight during the winter months (people with SAD usually feel worse fr

21、om December through February). Scientists don t completely understand the exact causes of SAD, but they believe it is related to a biochemical imbalance in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is the basic part of the brain that controls the body s breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release

22、. The effects of SAD include moodiness, irritability, low energy, increased appetite for carbohydrates (foods such as potatoes, rice, and bread), difficulty concentrating, and the tendency to oversleep. C Although doctors described SAD for the first time in 1984, humans have probably dealt with the

23、disorder for thousands of years. It is not a coincidence that many cultures have important celebrations during the short days of the winter months. Christmas, Hanukkah, and Winter Solstice celebrations all occur in December. These celebrations involve lighting candles in order to bring light, warmth

24、, and happiness to an otherwise depressing time of year. D So what can SAD sufferers do to feel better? Naturally, they need more light. For people who have mild cases of SAD, exercising in the morningsun could be enough to help them. Phototherapy, or light therapy, is usually prescribed for people

25、who have more serious cases of the disorder. In light therapy, patients sit in front of a light box, a strong artificial light, for up to four hours a day. Phototherapy is effective in over 80% of SAD cases, and patients usually see results within three to four days. Although the symptoms of SAD are

26、 similar to those of clinical depression, traditional antidepressants have not proven useful in treating SAD. While psychological counseling cannot treat the symptoms of SAD, it is recommended to help SAD sufferers learn to accept and deal with their illness.題目 2 6. Joshua starts feeling depressed a

27、nd irritable in the winter because 選擇一項：A. he gets little work done B. he suffers from Seasonal Affective Disorder C. he is a graduate student in philosophy 題目 3 7. Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a condition that researchers believe affects people during the winter months. Scientists believ

28、e it is caused by 選擇一項：A. breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release B. moodiness, irritability, loss of energy, increased appetite, difficulty concentrating, and sleepiness C. lack of sunlight and a biochemical imbalance in the brain 題 目 4 8. Humans have probably struggled with SAD since

29、 選擇一項：A. ancient times B. December C. 1984 題目 5 9. People who suffer from SAD can to feel better. 選擇一項：A. do light therapy B. take antidepressant drugs C. eat carbohydrates 題目 6 10. This passage talks about. 選擇一項：A. what the SAD effects are B. Both A and B. C. how to help SAD suffers Chapter 3 Exerc

30、ise( 分 值 7 分 ) I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each ) Fast food can be good food Many people are too busy to prepare and eat three nutritious meals a day.so they turn to the convenience of fast-food restaurants. Many of the items

31、 at fast-food restaurants, snack bars, and food stands are fattening and not very nutritious.But fast food doesn t have to be unhealthy.you can eat at fast-food restaurants and still eat well. Pay Attention to Calories and Fat Content By paying attention to the number of calories and fat that a food

32、 item has ,you can make smarter choices.Calories are “ units for measuring how much energy a food willproduce ” .condsider two fast-food meals. A quarter-poundhamburger with cheese, jumbo-size fries,and a 16-ounce soda have a total of 1,535 calories and 76 grams of fat .a broiled(cooked under direct

33、 heat or over a flame )chicken sandwich ,aside salad with low-fat dressing,and a glass of water at the samefast-food restaurant have only 422 calories and 7 grams offat .but maybe you really want a hamburger and fries .well,youcan have a small hamburger,a small serving of fries,and a glass ofwater.A

34、t a total of 490 calories and 20 grams of fat,that s still amuch smarter choice than the large burger ,fries,and 20 grams of fat ,that still a much smarter choice than the large burger,fries,and sada. There s More That You Can Do There are a few additional things you can do to make sure you eat well

35、 in fastfood restaurant S.First of all,say “ no” when the cashier asks you ifyou want to “ supersize ” you meal (order an extra large portion ofeach item).Second, ask for no mayonnaise or sauce,or ask for iton the side (in a separate dish).Third,substitute(use somethinginstead of something else)heal

36、thy foods for fatty ones. For example,instead of ordering deep-fried tempura,order fresh vegetables.Instead of ordering a beef burrito with lots of cheese and sour cream,order a vegetable burrito with beans and rice.and 9 / 51don t eat the chips!Another thing you can do is order a side salad or a ve

37、getable soup and eat it first.That way,you will eat somevegetables,and you won t be able to eat as much of your burger and fries.Fnally,eat slowly and stop eating when you refull. It sounds simple,but many people keep eating even after they become full. 題 目 1 1.What is the main idea of this article

38、?選擇一項：A. It s smart to eat foods with low calories and fat content. B.Fast food is always bad for you . C. You can eat well in fast-food restaurant D. Fast-food restaurants are the best the place to find healthy foods . 題目 2 2.A small hamburger and small firies has 選擇一項：more calories and fat than a

39、chicken sandwich and a salad.the same amount of calories and fat as a chicken sandwich anda salad. C. fewer calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and asalad. D. the same amount of calories and fat as a large portionof fries. 題目 3 3.Some things you can do to eat well in fast-food restaurants are選擇

40、一項：A. ask for eatra manyonnaise and sauce and say no to“ surpersizing ” . B. order a vegetable burrito instead of chips andeat sour cream . C. order smaller portions and eat all the food you order. D. order healthy foods instead of fatty ones and drink water. 題目 4 4.Manyonnaise and sauces probably 選

41、擇一項：make you eat less because they make you feel full sooner.make you eat more because they make your food taste better.have a lot of fat and calories. D. don t have a lot of fat andcalories. 題目 5 5. By eating a salad or soup before the rest of your meal,選擇一項：A. you eat less of the rest of your meal

42、. B. you eat more slowly. C. you get full sooner. D. you eat the rest of your meal more quickly. II. Vocabulary skills( 2 points ) Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. (0.4 points each) 題 目 6 changes damaging losing global available The growing similarities in di

43、et and eating habits around the world are influencing people of various cultures in different ways. For example, Western foods are 6 damaging health in the industrialized island country of Japan. Instead of small meals of seafood, rice, and vegetables, the typical Japanese diet now includes large am

44、ounts of meat, dairy products, and desserts like tiramisu, a rich Italian dish full of chocolate, cheese, and sugar.According to Japanese health researchers, such 7 changes in eating habits are related to a great increase in health problems such as heart disease, strokes, cancer, and diabetes. On th

45、e other hand, the changing 8 global diet is having the opposite effect on the people in the CzechRepublic. The government of this European nation no longer supports meat and dairy products financially, so the cost of these foods is going up. In contrast, fresh fruits and vegetables are becoming more

46、 widely 9 available from private markets and stands. Cooks are even serving salads to schoolchildren, and families are eating healthier home-cooked meals. For these reasons, fewer Czech men are having heart attacks, the women are 10 losing a lot of weight, and most people are living healthier lives.

47、 Chapter 4 Exercise( 分 值 7 分 I. Vocabulary Skills( 2 points ) 題目 1 Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (0.4 points each) 1.make sense 2.pedestrians 3.vehicle 4.teenager 5.fine 答案：II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by ch

48、oosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each) These days, it s getting easier and easier tofind your way around. Some people have GPS devices in their carsto make sure they don t get lost. GPS stands for Global Positioning System. These devices use satellites in space to“ seewhere y

49、ou are and give you directions to where you want to go.And if you don t have a GPS devicyeo,u can simply go online to get step-by-step directions. Websites like MapQ and can produce a map and directions in just a few seconds. But how do they do it? MapQuest? uses data (information) from a few differ

50、ent sources to produce directions and maps. Before MapQuest? went online, it sold regular paper maps in places like gas stations. The website uses the data from those paper maps, information from digital mapping companies, and government databases. At the moment, MapQuest? uses more than 30 computer

51、s to read all this data and provides users with millions of maps every day. In order to find the best route (way or path) from one place to another, MapQuest? first has to look at all possible routes. Then MapQuest? looks at each par t of each possible route. It considers the types of roads on the d

52、ifferent routes. Are they dirt roads, paved roads, freeways, or city streets? It looks at how many turns there are in each route and what kinds of turns they are. Are they right turns or left turns? It also considers the speed limit on each road and how manyintersections there are. An intersection i

53、s“ a place where two ormore roads cross each other ” . MapQuest? can also tell you how long your trip will take you. It does this by doing some math.MapQuest? bases its estimated driving times on the length and speed limit of each part of the route and the amount of time it probably takes to get thr

54、ough each intersection. For example, it allows more time for a left turn at an intersection than it does for a right turn. Someday, maybe we will have cars that can just drive us wherever we want to go, but for now, mapping websites make it a little harder to get lost. 題目 2 6.What is the main idea o

55、f this article? 選擇一項：A. Why mapping websites don t rwkowell. B. Why mapping websites are better than paper maps. C. How mapping websites work. D. How the first mapping website started. 題 目 3 7.According to the article, MapQuest? 選擇一項：A. started as maker of government databases. B. started as an Inte

56、rnet company. C. uses millions of computers to read data. D. starting by selling paper maps. 題目 4 8.When you search for directions, the first thing MapQuest? does is 選擇一項：A. consider how many turns you want to take. B. print out amap and directions. C. estimate driving time. D. look at all possible

57、paths. 題目 5 9.When it dseciding on the best route, MapQuest? probably chooses 選擇一項：A. the route with the most turns. B. dirt roads instead of paved roads. C. freeways instead of dirt roads. D. city streets instead of freeways. 題目 6 10. To estimate your driving time, MapQuest? considers 選擇一項：A. the d

58、istance between turns on your route. B. the speed limit for half of the route. C. the fastest and slowest speed limits on your route. D. the speed limits and types of turns on your route. Chapter 5 Exercise (分值 7 分) I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Read the five main-idea questions that follow ab

59、out the information in the reading. Three details correctly answer each question. Cross out the untrue, unrelated detail. (1 point each ) 題目 1 1. What are the definitions of the two main types of families? 選擇一項：A. Human beings lived in loosely-related groups. Each group had a common ancestor long ti

60、me ago. B. The nuclear family consists of two parents and their biological or adopted children.C. The extended family may include grandparents, parents, children and relatives living together on the same street or in the same area. D. The nuclear family is the same as the extended family. 題目 2 2. Wh