托福閱讀-事實(shí)信息題課件

1、托福閱讀-事實(shí)信息題-事實(shí)信息題I. 題型識(shí)別II. 解題步驟III.正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)IV. 錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)-I.題型識(shí)別According to paragraph ,which of the following is true of X?According to paragraph, why did X do Y?According to paragraph 7, until the eighteenth century, it was the principal function of which of the following to?According to paragraph 6, me

2、rchants were able to avoid the risk of carrying large amounts of gold and silver by?-II.解題步驟Step-1.定位（根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間）Step-2.比較原文與選項(xiàng)（挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法）-II.解題步驟Step-1:定位 Psychological researchers generally recognize that facial expressions reflect emotional states. In fact, various emotional states give ri

3、se to certain patterns of electrical activity in the facial muscles and in the brain. The facial-feedback hypothesis argues, however, that the causal relationship between emotions and facial expressions can also work in the opposite direction. According to this hypothesis, signals from the facial mu

4、scles (feedback) are sent back to emotion centers of the brain, and so a persons facial expression can influence that persons emotional state. Consider Darwins words: The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as far as possible, of all outw

5、ard signs softens our emotions. Can smiling give rise to feelings of good will, for example, and frowning to anger?According to the paragraph3, what did Darwin believe would happen to human emotions that were not expressed?They would become less intense.They would last longer than usual.They would c

6、ause problems later.They would become more negativeStep-1.定位:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間。-II.解題步驟Step-2:比較原文與選項(xiàng) Consider Darwins words: The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as far as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions. Can smiling giv

7、e rise to feelings of good will, for example, and frowning to anger?According to the paragraph3, what did Darwin believe would happen to human emotions that were not expressed?They would become less intense.They would last longer than usual.They would cause problems later.They would become more nega

8、tiveStep-2. 比較原文與選項(xiàng)：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法。-II.解題步驟Step-2:比較原文與選項(xiàng) Consider Darwins words: The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as far as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions. Can smiling give rise to feelings of good will, for

9、example, and frowning to anger?According to the paragraph3, what did Darwin believe would happen to human emotions that were not expressed?They would become less intense.They would last longer than usual.They would cause problems later.They would become more negativeStep-2. 比較原文與選項(xiàng)：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法。-

10、II.解題步驟總結(jié)Step-1.小定位：a.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間。Step-2.比較原文與選項(xiàng)：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法。-II.解題步驟-例題 Paragraph 2：The function and status of ceramics in China varied from dynasty to dynasty, so they may be utilitarian, burial, trade-collectors, or even ritual objects, according to their quality and the era in which they w

11、ere made. The ceramics fall into three broad typesearthenware, stoneware, and porcelainfor vessels, architectural items such as roof tiles, and modeled objects and figures. In addition, there was an important group of sculptures made for religious use, the majority of which were produced in earthenw

12、are.According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true of Chinese ceramics? The function of ceramics remained the same from dynasty to dynasty. The use of ceramics as trade objects is better documented than the use of ceramics as ritual objects. There was little variation in quality for any ty

13、pe of ceramics over time. Some religious sculptures were made using the earthenware type of ceramics.-II.解題步驟Step-1:定位 Paragraph 2：The function and status of ceramics in China varied from dynasty to dynasty, so they may be utilitarian, burial, trade-collectors, or even ritual objects, according to t

14、heir quality and the era in which they were made. The ceramics fall into three broad typesearthenware, stoneware, and porcelainfor vessels, architectural items such as roof tiles, and modeled objects and figures. In addition, there was an important group of sculptures made for religious use, the maj

15、ority of which were produced in earthenware.According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true of Chinese ceramics? The function of ceramics remained the same from dynasty to dynasty. The use of ceramics as trade objects is better documented than the use of ceramics as ritual objects. There wa

16、s little variation in quality for any type of ceramics over time. Some religious sculptures were made using the earthenware type of ceramics.Step-1.定位:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間。-II.解題步驟Step-1:定位 Paragraph 2：The function and status of ceramics in China varied from dynasty to dynasty, so they may be utilitarian, bu

17、rial, trade-collectors, or even ritual objects, according to their quality and the era in which they were made. The ceramics fall into three broad typesearthenware, stoneware, and porcelainfor vessels, architectural items such as roof tiles, and modeled objects and figures. In addition, there was an

18、 important group of sculptures made for religious use, the majority of which were produced in earthenware.According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true of Chinese ceramics? The function of ceramics remained the same from dynasty to dynasty. The use of ceramics as trade objects is better d

19、ocumented than the use of ceramics as ritual objects. There was little variation in quality for any type of ceramics over time. Some religious sculptures were made using the earthenware type of ceramics.Step-1.定位:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間。-II.解題步驟Step-2:比較原文與選項(xiàng) Paragraph 2：The function and status of ceramics in C

20、hina varied from dynasty to dynasty, so they may be utilitarian, burial, trade-collectors, or even ritual objects, according to their quality and the era in which they were made. The ceramics fall into three broad typesearthenware, stoneware, and porcelainfor vessels, architectural items such as roo

21、f tiles, and modeled objects and figures. In addition, there was an important group of sculptures made for religious use, the majority of which were produced in earthenware.According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true of Chinese ceramics? The function of ceramics remained the same from d

22、ynasty to dynasty. The use of ceramics as trade objects is better documented than the use of ceramics as ritual objects. There was little variation in quality for any type of ceramics over time. Some religious sculptures were made using the earthenware type of ceramics.Step-2. 比較原文與選項(xiàng)：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除

23、法。-II.解題步驟 例題In 1820 under a new land law, a farm could be bought for $100. The continued proliferation of banks made it easier for those without cash to negotiate loans in paper money. Western Farmers borrowed with the confident expectation that the expanding economy would keep farm prices high, th

24、us making it easy to repay loans when they fell due.According to paragraph 3, what was the significance of the land law passed in 1820?（） 0 It granted government-supported loans to farmers. 0 It provided farmland at an affordable price. 0 It required banks to offer loans to farmers. 0 It enabled far

25、mers to sell their land for a profit.-II.例題比較Transportation was becoming less of a problem for those who wished to move west and for those who hand farm surpluses to send to market. Prior to 1815, western farmers who did not live on navigable waterways were connected to them only by dirt roads and m

26、ountain trails. Livestock could be driven across the mountains, but the cost of transporting bulky grains in this fashion was several times greater than their value in eastern markets. The first step toward an improvement of western transportation was the construction of turnpikes. These roads made

27、possible a reduction in transportation costs and thus stimulated the commercialization of agriculture along their routes.8.Paragraph 4 suggests that turnpikes affected farmers by （） making the price of grain uniform for both eastern and western farmers making western farm products more profitable th

28、an eastern farm products allowing farmers to drive their livestock across mountain trails allowing a greater number of farmers to sell their farm products in a commercial market-II.例題比較Transportation was becoming less of a problem for those who wished to move west and for those who hand farm surplus

29、es to send to market. Prior to 1815, western farmers who did not live on navigable waterways were connected to them only by dirt roads and mountain trails. Livestock could be driven across the mountains, but the cost of transporting bulky grains in this fashion was several times greater than their v

30、alue in eastern markets. The first step toward an improvement of western transportation was the construction of turnpikes. These roads made possible a reduction in transportation costs and thus stimulated the commercialization of agriculture along their routes.8.Paragraph 4 suggests that turnpikes a

31、ffected farmers by （）0 making the price of grain uniform for both eastern and western farmers 0 making western farm products more profitable than eastern farm products 0 allowing farmers to drive their livestock across mountain trails 0 allowing a greater number of farmers to sell their farm product

32、s in a commercial market-II.解題步驟總結(jié)Step-1.小定位：b. 若題干無法精確定位，可從大定位區(qū)間第一句話開始讀，每讀一至兩句話，看一遍選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行排除）Step-2.比較原文與選項(xiàng)：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法。-III.正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)(1)所考段落內(nèi)闡明的信息(2)該信息的同義改寫-III.正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)1&2 Consider Darwins words: The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as

33、 far as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions. Can smiling give rise to feelings of good will, for example, and frowning to anger?According to the paragraph3, what did Darwin believe would happen to human emotions that were not expressed?They would become less intense.They would last l

34、onger than usual.They would cause problems later.They would become more negative正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)1&2：所考段落內(nèi)闡明的信息及該信息的同義改寫-IV.錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)(1)無：原文未提及(2)反：與原文矛盾(3)混：從上下文找一些詞與考點(diǎn)區(qū)間的詞混一起組成新意思(4)極端詞：never, all, always none, completely ,most（例外：極端詞之前出現(xiàn)否定或原文考點(diǎn)區(qū)間出現(xiàn)極端詞） (5)虛假比較: 比較的選項(xiàng)（less/more/better than)常被設(shè)為錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng) -IV.錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn) P

35、aragraph 2：The function and status of ceramics in China varied from dynasty to dynasty, so they may be utilitarian, burial, trade-collectors, or even ritual objects, according to their quality and the era in which they were made. The ceramics fall into three broad typesearthenware, stoneware, and po

36、rcelainfor vessels, architectural items such as roof tiles, and modeled objects and figures. In addition, there was an important group of sculptures made for religious use, the majority of which were produced in earthenware.According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true of Chinese ceramics? The function of ceramics remained the same from dynasty to dynasty. The use of ceramics as trade objects is better documented than the use of ceramics as ritual objects. There was little variation in quality for any type of ceramics over time. Some religious s