法液空吊裝作業(yè)培訓(xùn)中英文雙語版ALHZHSEppt課件

1、CRANE 起重機(jī)ALHZ HSE_training 009a. rev.1Based on C-GS-17-0-2-A JHA(2021.06) & HSE plan rev.ATable of contentBackground 背景Objective目的Definition of crane起重機(jī)定義Risk analysis風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的預(yù)防 Summary 總結(jié)2Background 背景 Description 描畫 On July 13th, MCC is unloading the weight of 80t crane from truck

2、. Due to space limit, the working position of 25t crane can not fulfill this mission. The distance between 3t weight and crane is 18m, which is beyond the 25t cranes working radius 16m. To save time, the cranes driver decided to slanting lift this weight to the ground to release the truck, When he p

3、ulled the weight from the truck which fell on to the ground. This dangerous act of lifting cause the back supporting leg of crane get off the ground about 50mm. 7月13日，MCC將80噸的起重機(jī)從卡車上卸載下來。由于空間的限制，25噸起重機(jī)任務(wù)的位置無法完成吊裝義務(wù)。由于當(dāng)時(shí)貨物與起重機(jī)的間隔為18米，超越了25噸起重機(jī)16米的任務(wù)半徑。但是為了節(jié)省時(shí)間，吊車司機(jī)決議傾斜的將貨物從卡車吊裝到地面上。這個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的吊裝行為導(dǎo)致起重機(jī)的后方支

4、撐腿分開地面50毫米。3Background 背景 Description 描畫 One PSSI happened in ALHZ site - The 630t crane fell down after lift jobs finished when they removed its small support and beam 發(fā)生在ALHZ現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的一個(gè)PSSI：完成吊裝任務(wù)后，當(dāng)他們移除起重機(jī)的支撐時(shí)，這個(gè)630噸的起重機(jī)發(fā)生了側(cè)翻。4Background 背景Description 描畫Inspection to tower crane equipment acted on July

5、 06 and defects are noted as below:7月6日對(duì)塔吊進(jìn)展檢查，其缺陷如下： Parts of tower crane platform and strutting structure deformed and damaged.塔吊的部分平臺(tái)以及鋼構(gòu)造發(fā)生變形和損害。No screw bolt fastened for meeting stile joint, only binding by iron wire.平臺(tái)階梯結(jié)合處的螺栓沒有擰緊，且僅僅經(jīng)過鐵絲來固定。5Background 背景Description 描畫 Because the 2nd stage

6、cooler core had leakage, so the client used the travelling crane to lift the core, but when they intended to put down the core to floor at about 5 meters, the core slide from slings to earth on sealing head side, then the other side of core hit the ground again. This incident made the flanges and no

7、zzles on the sealing head bend, and the frame with blocks bent like wave. 由于2級(jí)冷卻器內(nèi)部存在滲漏，客戶便運(yùn)用挪動(dòng)式起重機(jī)將冷卻器內(nèi)核吊起。但是，當(dāng)他們?cè)噲D在間隔地面5米的高度將冷卻器內(nèi)核放下時(shí)，內(nèi)核的封頭側(cè)發(fā)生滑落，從而導(dǎo)致內(nèi)核的另一側(cè)撞擊到地面。此次事故導(dǎo)致封頭側(cè)的法蘭以及管口撞彎，同時(shí)導(dǎo)致整個(gè)換熱器框架彎曲成波浪狀。stile joint6Background 背景 Two pieces steel plates (each 3.5mX2.5m) to be used on the ground 地面上用了兩塊鋼

8、板，每個(gè)的尺寸為長3.5米，寬2.5米 The crane stands ahead over 1 meter out of the steel plate and rest on the soil ground 起重機(jī)坐落的位置超出鋼板1米，超出部分落在了泥土里 The soil is very soft and can find the water collected 土地非常松軟，而且能發(fā)現(xiàn)積聚的水。 The middle part of the crane stands on the foundation of the beam which prevents the crane dow

9、nward together with its foreside 起重機(jī)的中部坐落一根梁上，導(dǎo)致起重機(jī)不能與其前部同時(shí)向下運(yùn)動(dòng)。The lifted steel truss (10 tons) 需求吊裝的鋼構(gòu)造10噸7Unsafe foundation can result in the tipping of the crane不平安的地基會(huì)導(dǎo)致起重機(jī)的側(cè)翻。Background 背景8Improper loads or speeds can result in the tipping of the crane不合理的載重或者速度會(huì)導(dǎo)致起重機(jī)側(cè)翻。Background 背景9Improper

10、Load不合理的載重Background 背景10Improper Load不合理的載重Background 背景11Background 背景Movie Show視頻12Objective目的This training material is intend to tell you:此培訓(xùn)資料為了通知我們：The safety use of crane on site現(xiàn)場(chǎng)起重機(jī)的平安運(yùn)用The risks of the crane lifting existed吊裝過程中存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)What kinds of rules you need to take in advance吊裝之前需求遵守的規(guī)

11、范The safety inspection and record for crane using運(yùn)用的起重機(jī)的平安檢查和記錄13Definition of crane 起重機(jī)的定義 Crane Consists of a rotating structure for lifting and lowering horizontally on rubber tires or crawler treads 由一個(gè)在橡膠輪胎上，在程度方向可以上升和下降的旋轉(zhuǎn)構(gòu)造組成These following forms of lifting equipments may be used on site:現(xiàn)場(chǎng)能夠

12、運(yùn)用的吊裝設(shè)備的類型：Conventional lattice boom crawler cranes傳統(tǒng)的桁架起重臂履帶吊Conventional lattice boom truck cranes, (friction / hydraulic)傳統(tǒng)的桁架起重臂式汽車吊摩擦/液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)Tower cranes (all types)塔吊(一切類型)Piling equipment打樁設(shè)備14Risk analysis風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析There are many risks existed while using the crane improperly: 不正確的運(yùn)用起重時(shí)機(jī)存在以下危險(xiǎn)：Poor c

13、ondition of the lifting equipments (Including hook and sling)起重設(shè)備質(zhì)量問題吊鉤和吊索 Boom or crane contact with energized power lines吊桿或起重機(jī)碰到帶電的電源線 Work under the hook lifting device (co-activity), 在吊鉤提升設(shè)備下方任務(wù)同時(shí)作業(yè) Overturned cranes,傾覆Dropping loads,貨物脫鉤Boom collapse,吊桿斷裂Counter weight uncontrolled movement,配重

14、失去控制Outrigger use,吊車支腿的運(yùn)用Poor weather conditions,惡劣天氣情況Rigging failures索具失效15Risk analysis 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析Improper using of the crane不合理的運(yùn)用吊車16Risks precautions風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Lifting plan起重方案Before executing a lifting job in construction or commissioning site, if the weight of the lifting equipments equal or more than 10

15、t, the sub-contractor shall develop a lifting plan and submit to ALHZ site HSE lead engineer for approval.在施工或調(diào)試現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)施起重作業(yè)前, 假設(shè)起重設(shè)備分量等于或超越10噸，分包商需在作業(yè)前制定起重方案，并交由ALHZ現(xiàn)場(chǎng)HSE 主管確認(rèn) Before executing a lifting job in MF, if the weight of the lifting equipments equal or more than 30t, the lifting team shall de

16、velop a lifting plan and submit to ALHZ MF HSE manager for approval.在制造部實(shí)施起重作業(yè)前, 假設(shè)起重設(shè)備的分量等于或超越30噸，起重小組需在作業(yè)前制定起重方案，并交由ALHZ現(xiàn)場(chǎng)HSE 主管確認(rèn) 17Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防The lifting plan shall cover:起重方案包括：Route that transport will take to position of the load to lifting裝載到起重地點(diǎn)的道路Initial lifting of the load incl

17、uding radius貨物的初步起吊包括半徑 Final placement position of the load including radius最后卸載地點(diǎn)包括半徑Location of the crane起重機(jī)的位置Obstruction/equipment/facilities in the vicinity of lifting operation起重作業(yè)附近的妨礙物/設(shè)備/設(shè)備Safety measures/precaution to ensure safe lifting為確保起重平安的平安措施/預(yù)防措施18Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防 Lifting eq

18、uipment selection 起重配備的選擇 Make sure the crane selection can satisfy the: 確保選擇的起重機(jī)滿足： Rated Load Capacities額定裝載量 Operating Speeds運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)速度 Location of center of gravity 重心位置 Special handling requirements特殊操作要求Load Rating Chart19Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防 All crane and lift equipment operators on the ALHZ site

19、 shall be qualified in accordance with GB codes and related AL rules 根據(jù)國標(biāo)的規(guī)定和相應(yīng)的AL條例，ALHZ現(xiàn)場(chǎng)一切的吊車和起重機(jī)操作員須有相應(yīng)的資質(zhì) The competent person must inspect all machinery and equipment prior to each use, and during use, to make sure it is in safe operating condition. 在運(yùn)用之前和運(yùn)用過程中，有資質(zhì)的人員要對(duì)機(jī)械以及設(shè)備方面進(jìn)展檢查，確保其處于平安運(yùn)用范圍

20、。A record of the operators (Operator, signal man, rigger,) qualification certificates and of the crane inspection certificate by the technical supervision bureau shall be kept by the ALHZ Site HSE Lead Engineer.作業(yè)人員操作員、指揮員、起重工等等的資歷證書和技術(shù)監(jiān)視局的起重機(jī)技術(shù)檢驗(yàn)證書應(yīng)由ALHZ現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的HSE現(xiàn)場(chǎng)主管保管 BrokenTrackQualification資質(zhì)20Lift

21、ing authorization & Work Permit起重答應(yīng)證和操作答應(yīng)證For lifting activities on site, as per the C-GS-10-10-1 procedure, the following rules apply: 根據(jù)C-GS-10-10-1 程序，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)起重操作需遵守以下規(guī)那么 On site:During construction, pipes lifting and hoisting are considered as “routine work. Thus they only require a general work perm

22、it (C-FRM-10-10-1). If the load exceeds 10 tons, then the work is considered as heavy lifting and a lifting authorization (C-FRM-9-0-2) is required (such as columns, exchangers, machines, etc.). That lifting authorization is an attachment to the work permit. Refer to E-GS-9-3-1. During commissioning

23、, whatever is the weight of the load, a lifting authorization is required.現(xiàn)場(chǎng)在施工期間，由于管道提升和吊裝被視為“常規(guī)操作，所以只需普通的操作答應(yīng)證 (C-FRM-10-10-1)即可。假設(shè)載荷超越10噸，那么視為重型提升和起吊如塔臺(tái)，交換器、設(shè)備等那么就需求起重答應(yīng)證(C-FRM-9-0-2)。根據(jù) E-GS-9-3-1起重答應(yīng)證為作業(yè)答應(yīng)證的附件。調(diào)試期間，不論載荷分量多大，都需有起重答應(yīng)證。In MF: the procedure C-PR-17-0-2 In-house Safe Work Permit sha

24、ll be respected.在制造部：根據(jù)C-PR-17-0-2程序的規(guī)定，需求具備室內(nèi)平安作業(yè)答應(yīng)證21Lifting appliances起重機(jī)組成Crane introduction 起重機(jī)指示22 術(shù)語23Wire rope鋼絲繩 Broken rope損壞的繩索Lifting appliances 吊裝器具SWL=safety working load平安任務(wù)載荷 Ensure the correct wire rope is used. Use a wire rope of a greater S.W.L whenever the exact weight of the loa

25、d is unknown or there is a hazard to personnel. 確保運(yùn)用正確的鋼絲繩。當(dāng)不能確定貨物分量或載重有危險(xiǎn)性的貨物時(shí)運(yùn)用平安荷載才干較大平安任務(wù)載荷的鋼絲繩 24Webbing sling吊帶Lifting appliances 吊裝器具Always inspect a sling before use.Use only identified slings.Never use a damaged sling.Never make knots in a sling.Never drag sling from underneath a load that

26、is resting on it.運(yùn)用前檢查吊帶只運(yùn)用鑒定合格的吊帶不得運(yùn)用損壞的吊帶吊帶不得打結(jié)制止拖拽貨物下面的吊帶25Lifting appliances 吊裝器具Hook吊鉤 Following rules apply to the safe use of hooks:All hooks should either bear a safety latch or be moused.Never overload a hook beyond its rated capacity.Hooks must be replaced when inspection shows spread, dis

27、tortion, wear or fracture.Never place a load on the point of a hook, always in the center.運(yùn)用吊鉤應(yīng)遵守以下平安規(guī)定：一切的吊鉤需有平安彈簧鎖或用繩索扎緊。載重不能超越吊鉤的額定載重才干。當(dāng)?shù)蹉^拉伸、變形、磨損或斷裂時(shí)應(yīng)改換吊鉤。貨物要在吊鉤中間，不得用吊鉤的尖端起吊。26Lifting appliances 吊裝器具Chain 鏈條Use only alloy steel chain and never exceed their safe working loads.Never shorten a ch

28、ain by twisting or knotting it or with nuts and bolts.Never use a chain when the links are locked, stretched or without free movement. Stretching can be distinguished by small checks or cracks in the links, elongation of the links or a tendency for the links to bind on each other.Never use the tip o

29、f chain hooks to carry a load.Never re-weld alloy steel chain links. They must be replaced by the manufacturer.運(yùn)用鏈條應(yīng)遵守以下平安規(guī)定：運(yùn)用合金鋼鏈條并且不能超越其額定的平安載荷制止經(jīng)過纏繞、打結(jié)或運(yùn)用螺栓和螺母等方式使鏈條變短制止運(yùn)用鏈環(huán)被鎖、經(jīng)過拉伸或不能自在挪動(dòng)的鏈條。經(jīng)過鏈環(huán)的磨損和裂痕、鏈環(huán)的拉伸或鏈環(huán)的綁扎情況區(qū)分能否可以拉伸。制止用鏈鉤末端吊裝貨物。合金鋼鏈環(huán)不得重新焊接，必需由制造商改換。27Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Unguarded Chain

30、 Drive未隔離的鏈條傳動(dòng)設(shè)備28Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Swing RadiusStay out of the swing radius of the crane Make sure there are barrier guards showing swing radius吊臂擺動(dòng)半徑內(nèi)不能站人-確保吊臂擺動(dòng)半徑范圍被隔分開29Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Broken WindowMake sure broken windows or other obstructions do not prevent the operator from seeing確保

31、破碎了的窗戶或其他妨礙物不能阻撓操作工的視野30Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Ladder Use ladders to get to the upper portion of the cab運(yùn)用梯子到達(dá)起重機(jī)駕駛室的上方31Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Runways and steps need to have guardrails, handholds and slip resistant surfaces斜坡跑道或者階梯需求有護(hù)欄系統(tǒng),繩索以及防滑外表32Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防 Dont stand under suspended lo

32、ads制止站在懸吊負(fù)荷下面33Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防A boom angle indicator must be on the crane起重機(jī)上必需安裝有角度指示器34Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Cranes must be on a firm supporting surface and level within 1 percent起重機(jī)必需停留在鞏固的支撐外表,程度相差在一個(gè)百分比35Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防The grooves must be smooth and free from surface defects which

33、 could cause rope damage凹槽必需平滑,外表不能有任何導(dǎo)致繩子磨損的缺陷36Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Crane wasnt inspectedand tipped over起重機(jī)沒有檢查,翻倒Inspection of the hoisting machinery must be made by a competent personThe employer must maintain a record of these inspections 起重機(jī)械的檢查必需由有資質(zhì)的人完成員工必需保管有這些檢查記錄37Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防E

34、quipment safety maintenance assessment設(shè)備平安維護(hù)方法38Equipment safety maintenance assessment設(shè)備平安維護(hù)方法確定地表下能否存在被水流腐蝕的凹槽，水坑或者孔洞確定能否存在地表污水管，線或者水管線在泥土或者沙子地面運(yùn)用木板或金屬板來穩(wěn)定起重機(jī)支腿檢查能否存在漏油以及發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)防凍液的泄露液壓，柴油機(jī)，冷卻液在設(shè)備運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的情況下制止翻開水箱蓋保證起重機(jī)的一切指令開關(guān)都能動(dòng)作，并且標(biāo)簽與指令開關(guān)相對(duì)應(yīng)在對(duì)機(jī)器進(jìn)展維護(hù)時(shí)，要有制止機(jī)械運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的標(biāo)志在測(cè)試液體柴油，光滑油等等的泄露時(shí)，制止運(yùn)用明火照明39Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Liftinglowering of loads 負(fù)載的起吊-下落40Liftinglowering of loads 負(fù)載的起吊-下落合理的，有方案的堆放負(fù)載物，最大程度上降低發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)以及事故的概率留意負(fù)載的下落，移除鏈條時(shí)確保負(fù)載的穩(wěn)定留意：不好的堆放會(huì)導(dǎo)致事故的發(fā)生！41Risks precautions 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防Liftingsling removal and hook raising 起吊鏈條的移除和吊鉤的提升制止站在懸吊負(fù)荷下面能夠側(cè)翻不要試圖運(yùn)用起重機(jī)移