浙江大學(xué)生物系統(tǒng)工程-圖像處理與機(jī)器視覺實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告

1、生物系統(tǒng)工程 蔣昊錚 3120100277機(jī)器視覺實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告蔣昊錚 3120100277灰度變換實(shí)驗(yàn)1 灰度范圍移動處理程序（d0）ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)ImageShow=ImageIn+150;subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageShow)程序（d0）ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)ImageShow=ImageIn-100;subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageShow)實(shí)

2、驗(yàn)2 灰度線性變換（整體灰度線性變換）程序：ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)MinGray=min(min(ImageIn);MaxGray=max(max(ImageIn);MinShow=0;MaxShow=255;ImageShow=(MaxShow-MinShow)/(MaxGray-MinGray)*(ImageIn-MinGray)+MinShow;ImageShow=uint8(ImageShow);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageShow)實(shí)驗(yàn)3 灰度線性變換（限幅灰度

3、拉伸）代碼1ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)MinGray=min(min(ImageIn);MaxGray=max(max(ImageIn);MinShow=0;MaxShow=255;for i1 = 1 : size(ImageIn,1) for i2 = 1 : size(ImageIn,2) if ImageIn(i1,i2)MinGray ImageShow(i1,i2)=MinShow; elseif (ImageIn(i1,i2)=MinGray) ImageShow(i1,i2)=(Max

4、Show-MinShow)/(MaxGray-MinGray)*(ImageIn(i1,i2)-MinGray)+MinShow;else ImageShow(i1,i2)=MaxShow;end endendImageShow=uint8(ImageShow);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageShow)代碼2ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1); imshow(ImageIn) MinGray=min(min(ImageIn); MaxGray=max(max(ImageIn); MinShow=0; MaxShow=

5、255; if ImageInMaxGray ImageShow=MaxShow; elseImageShow=(MaxShow-MinShow)/(MaxGray-MinGray)*(ImageIn-MinGray)+MinShow; end ImageShow=uint8(ImageShow); subplot(1,2,2); imshow(ImageShow)實(shí)驗(yàn)4灰度線性變換（鋸齒形灰度拉伸）ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)MinShow=0;M1=65;M2=129;M3=193;MaxShow=

6、255;for i1 = 1 : size(ImageIn) for i2 = 1 : size(ImageIn,2) if (ImageIn(i1,i2)=MinShow) ImageShow(i1,i2)=(M3-MinShow)/(max(max(ImageIn(i1,i2)-min(min(ImageIn(i1,i2)*(ImageIn(i1,i2)-min(min(ImageIn(i1,i2)+MinShow;elseif (ImageIn(i1,i2)=M1) ImageShow(i1,i2)=(M2-M1)/(max(max(ImageIn(i1,i2)-min(min(Imag

7、eIn(i1,i2)*(ImageIn(i1,i2)-min(min(ImageIn(i1,i2)+M1;elseif (ImageIn(i1,i2)=M2) ImageShow(i1,i2)=(M3-M2)/(max(max(ImageIn(i1,i2)-min(min(ImageIn(i1,i2)*(ImageIn(i1,i2)-min(min(ImageIn(i1,i2)+M2;else ImageShow(i1,i2)=(MaxShow-M3)/(max(max(ImageIn(i1,i2)-min(min(ImageIn(i1,i2)*(ImageIn(i1,i2)-min(min(

8、ImageIn(i1,i2)+M3;end endend ImageShow=uint8(ImageShow);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageShow)實(shí)驗(yàn)5灰度線性變換（閾值灰度分割法）ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)ImageIn=double(ImageIn);ImageShow=zeros(256,256);ImageShow=double(ImageShow);for j=1:size(ImageIn,1) for i=1:size(ImageIn,2) ImageShow

9、(j,i)=ImageIn(j,i)*ImageIn(j,i)/255; endendImageShow=uint8(ImageShow);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageShow)實(shí)驗(yàn)6 灰度非線性變換ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)ImageIn=double(ImageIn);ImageShow=zeros(256,256);ImageShow=double(ImageShow);for j=1:size(ImageIn,1) for i=1:size(ImageIn,2) Im

10、ageShow(j,i)=sqrt(ImageIn(j,i)/16*255; endendImageShow=uint8(ImageShow);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageShow)直方圖變換實(shí)驗(yàn)1直方圖的計(jì)算ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)ImageGray=0:255;ImageBar=ImageGray;for i1=1:size(ImageGray,2) ImageBar(i1)=sum(sum(ImageIn=ImageGray(i1);end subplot(1,2,2

11、)bar(ImageGray,ImageBar)實(shí)驗(yàn)2累積直方圖ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)ImageGray=0:255; ImageBar=ImageGray;for i1=1:size(ImageGray,2) ImageBar(i1)=sum(sum(ImageIn=ImageGray(i1);endImageBar=ImageBar/(size(ImageIn,2)*size(ImageIn,1)*100;SumBar=ImageBar;for i1=2:size(SumBar,2) SumB

12、ar(i1)=SumBar(i1-1)+ImageBar(i1);end subplot(1,2,2);plot(ImageGray,SumBar)實(shí)驗(yàn)3均衡化直方圖ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(2,2,1);imshow(ImageIn); ImageGray=0:255;ImageBar=ImageGray;ImageSize=size(ImageIn,1)*size(ImageIn,2);for i1=1:size(ImageGray,2) ImageBar(i1)=sum(sum(ImageIn=ImageGray(i1);endsubpl

13、ot(2,2,2);bar(ImageGray,ImageBar); ImageBar=ImageBar/ImageSize;ImageBarNew=ImageBar;for i1=2:size(ImageBarNew,2) ImageBarNew(i1)=ImageBarNew(i1-1)+ImageBar(i1);endbar(ImageGray,ImageBarNew)ImageShow=ImageIn;for i1=1:size(ImageIn,1) for i2=1:size(ImageIn,2) ImageShow(i1,i2)=uint8(ImageBarNew(ImageIn(

14、i1,i2)*255); endend subplot(2,2,3);imshow(ImageShow); I=ImageGray;for i1=1:size(ImageGray,2) I(i1)=sum(sum(ImageShow=ImageGray(i1);endsubplot(2,2,4);bar(ImageGray,I);銳化實(shí)驗(yàn)1 基礎(chǔ)卷積A= ones(4);A(2,3)= 4;B= -1.*ones(3);B(2,2)=8;C=ones(4);for i1=2:3; for i2=2:3; C(i1,i2)=sum(sum(A(i1-1:i1+1,i2-1:i2+1).*B);

15、endend平滑實(shí)驗(yàn)1均值平滑ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn) ImageOut=ImageIn;ImageIn=double(ImageIn);MeanOperator=ones(3,3)/9;iOperator=MeanOperator;for i1=2:size(ImageIn,1)-1 for i2=2:size(ImageIn,2)-1 ImageOut(i1,i2)=sum(sum(ImageIn(i1-1:i1+1,i2-1:i2+1).*iOperator); endendImageOut=

16、uint8(ImageOut);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut) 實(shí)驗(yàn)2閾值平滑ImageIn= imread(lenaGray.tiff);ImageOut=ImageIn;subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)ImageIn=double(ImageIn);A=1/9.*ones(3);for i1 = 2:size(ImageIn,1)-1 for i2 = 2:size(ImageIn,2)-1 if abs(ImageIn(i1,i2)-sum(sum(ImageIn(i1-1:i1+1,i2-1:i2+1).*A)=10 Imag

17、eOut(i1,i2) = sum(sum(ImageIn(i1-1:i1+1,i2-1:i2+1).*A); end endend ImageOut=uint8(ImageOut);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut)實(shí)驗(yàn)3空域低通濾波ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);ImageOut=ImageIn;ImageOut_average=ImageIn;subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)ImageIn=double(ImageIn);C=1/10.*ones(3);C(2,2)=1/5;for i1=2:size(I

18、mageIn,1)-1 for i2=2:size(ImageIn,2)-1 ImageOut(i1,i2)=sum(sum(ImageIn(i1-1:i1+1,i2-1:i2+1).*C); endendImageOut=uint8(ImageOut);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut)實(shí)驗(yàn)4高斯平滑濾波ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);ImageOut=ImageIn;ImageOut_average=ImageIn;subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn)ImageIn=double(ImageIn); C=fsp

19、ecial(gaussian,3 3,2);for i1=2:size(ImageIn,1)-1 for i2=2:size(ImageIn,2)-1 ImageOut(i1,i2)=sum(sum(ImageIn(i1-1:i1+1,i2-1:i2+1).*C); endendImageOut=uint8(ImageOut);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut)實(shí)驗(yàn)5中值濾波ImageIn= imread(lenaGray.tiff);ImageOut=ImageIn;subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn) mhl=2;mms=(mhl*2+1

20、)*(mhl*2+1);mmmp=mhl*mhl*2+2*mhl+1; for i1=mhl+1:size(ImageIn,1)-mhl for i2=mhl+1:size(ImageIn,2)-mhl mm=ImageIn(i1-mhl:i1+mhl,i2-mhl:i2+mhl); mml=reshape(mm,1,mms); mml=sort(mml); ImageOut(i1,i2)=mml(mmmp); endend subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut)實(shí)驗(yàn)6邊緣保持濾波器ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);ImageOut=Image

21、In;subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn) HalfSideLength=2;SideLength=2*HalfSideLength+1; for i1=HalfSideLength+1:size(ImageIn,1)-HalfSideLength; for i2=HalfSideLength+1:size(ImageIn,2)-HalfSideLength; a=sum(sum(ImageIn(i1-HalfSideLength:i1,i2-HalfSideLength:i2)/(2*HalfSideLength+1)*(2*HalfSideLength+1); b=

22、sum(sum(ImageIn(i1:i1+HalfSideLength,i2-HalfSideLength:i2)/(2*HalfSideLength+1)*(2*HalfSideLength+1); c=sum(sum(ImageIn(i1-HalfSideLength:i1,i2:i2+HalfSideLength)/(2*HalfSideLength+1)*(2*HalfSideLength+1); d=sum(sum(ImageIn(i1:i1+HalfSideLength,i2:i2+HalfSideLength)/(2*HalfSideLength+1)*(2*HalfSideL

23、ength+1); A=a,b,c,d; ImageOut(i1,i2)= min(A); endendsubplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut)偽彩色處理實(shí)驗(yàn)1clearclcImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);ImageOut=ImageIn;subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn) QBcolor(1,:)=39,39,39;QBcolor(2,:)=45,67,78;QBcolor(3,:)=56,76,155;QBcolor(4,:)=234,121,23;QBcolor(5,:)=22,22,34;QBcolor(6,

24、:)=12,76,43;QBcolor(7,:)=122,23,223;QBcolor(8,:)=55,55,55;QBcolor(9,:)=64,64,64;QBcolor(10,:)=0,0,255;QBcolor(11,:)=0,255,0;QBcolor(12,:)=0,0,255;QBcolor(13,:)=255,0,0;QBcolor(14,:)=255,0,255;QBcolor(15,:)=255,255,0;QBcolor(16,:)=255,255,255;ImageOut=uint8(zeros(size(ImageIn,1),size(ImageIn,2),3); M

25、inGray=double(min(min(ImageIn);MaxGray=double(max(max(ImageIn);MinShow=0;MaxShow=15;ImageIn16=double(ImageIn);ImageIn16=(MaxShow-MinShow)/(MaxGray-MinGray)*(ImageIn-MinGray)+MinShow;ImageIn16=uint8(ImageIn16); for i1=1:size(ImageOut,1) for i2=1:size(ImageOut,2) ImageOut(i1,i2,:)=QBcolor(ImageIn16(i1

26、,i2)+1,:); endend ImageOut=uint8(ImageOut);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut)區(qū)域生成實(shí)驗(yàn)1迭代式閾值ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn);ImageGray= 0:255;ImageBar=ImageGrayfor i1= 1:size(ImageGray,2) ImageBar(i1) = sum(sum(ImageIn = ImageGray(i1);end ImageBarBig0=find(ImageBar0); Th=(Image

27、BarBig0(1)+ImageBarBig0(end)/2; ImageIn=double(ImageIn);Image1=double(ImageIn Th);S2=sum(sum(Image2);u2=sum(sum(Image2.*ImageIn)/S2;u1_Old=u1-1; while u1_Old =u1 u1_Old=u1; u2_Old=u2; Th= (u1+u2)/2; Image1= (ImageInTh); S2=sum(sum(Image2); u2= sum(sum(Image2.*ImageIn)/S2;endImageOut = uint8(ImageIn

28、Th)*255;subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut);實(shí)驗(yàn)2大津算法ImageIn=imread(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn) ImageGray = 0:255;ImageBar = ImageGray;m,n = size(ImageIn);for i1 = 1:n ImageBar(i1) = sum(sum(ImageIn = ImageGray(i1);endSumAll =sum(ImageGray.*ImageBar);nAll=n*m;SdList=zeros(1,256); for i1=

29、2:n-1 n0=sum(ImageBar(1:i1); Sum0=sum(ImageGray(1:i1).*ImageBar(1:i1); n1=nAll-n0; Sum1=SumAll-Sum0; if n00 & n10 u0=Sum0/n0; u1=Sum1/n1; SdList(i1)=n0*n1*(u0-u1)2; endendTh=find(SdList=max(SdList)ImageOut=uint8(ImageInTh)*255;ImageOut=uint8(ImageOut);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut)實(shí)驗(yàn)3金字塔型ImageIn=im

30、read(lenaGray.tiff);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(ImageIn) ImageIn=ImageIn(1:(size(ImageIn,1)-mod(size(ImageIn,1),4),1:(size(ImageIn,2)-mod(size(ImageIn,2),4);ImageOut=ImageIn(1:size(ImageIn,1)/4,1:size(ImageIn,2)/4); for i1=1:4:size(ImageIn,1) for i2=1:4:size(ImageIn,2) i3=uint8(i1/4+1); i4=uint8(i2/4+1); ImageOut(i3,i4)=uint8(sum(sum(ImageIn(i1:i1+3,i2:i2+3)/16); endend subplot(1,2,2);imshow(ImageOut)邊緣檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)1線的檢測clearclcImageIn=imread(03.bmp);sub