S2A unit 6 more reading-- 教案

1、學大教育上海高中英語同步課程高二上冊unit-six 適用學科英語適用年級高二適用區(qū)域牛津上海版課時時長（分鐘）120知識點知識點1：核心單詞知識點2：重點短語知識點3：重點句型知識點4：重要語法教學目標知識：學生能夠基本掌握高二上冊Unit6 more reading中的詞匯、句型及語法。方法：牢記各個知識點的用法，歸納總結異同點。能力：明辨詞性的能力； 能夠準確判斷詞性轉換的能力； 熟練運用句型的能力。教學重點重點句型的運用教學難點過去分詞的運用教學過程一、 課堂導入Look at the pictures given with piercing eyes and make comment

2、s on the phenomena reflected and share your ideas with your partner to make further discussion on the topic: “Thats one step for man , one giant leap for mankind.”二、復習預習復習上節(jié)課所學習的單詞，今天詳解重要詞匯及句型。共同討論以下幾個問題：Discussion: What do you think of human space exploration?Support: Human space exploration helps

3、to the Universe and the history of our solar address fundamental questions about our place in system. Through addressing the challenges related to human space exploration，we expand technology, create new industries, and help to foster a peaceful connection with other nations Object: A waste of money

4、 and the more it costs, the less valuable a government service seems to be. Even per dollar. It would be the epitome(縮影)of wisdom if Mankind put all his remaining assets(財產)in the service of space exploration and space industrial development, because within a hundred years fossil fuels will be so de

5、pleted(耗盡的)on Earth that heavy industry will be finished here.三、知識講解核心單詞1. manned adj. 由人操縱的，由人駕駛的，載人的e.g. With the entire nation watching, Chinas first manned space flight, Shenzhou 5,blasted into space.中國首艘載人飛船“神州五號”在舉國矚目之下發(fā)射成功?！局R拓展】manned space programme/a plan of manned space flights 載人航天計劃 a m

6、anned spaceship 載人宇宙飛船e.g. China is known to have successfully completed in its second manned space mission.總所周知，中國已經成功進行了第二次載人航天飛行。2. tie v.系；栓；扎；與成平局 n. 關系；平局；領帶，繩子；束縛，限制e.g. Please dont tie the bandage too tight.請不要把繃帶扎得太緊。e.g. They want to loosen their ties with Britain.他們想要削弱同英國的關系。e.g. Each te

7、am scored twice and the game ended in a tie.每個隊都有兩次得分，比賽不分勝負?！局R拓展】tie/ fasten/attach his house to a big tree 把馬系在一棵大樹上 tie my tie 系領帶 be tied by a contract 受合同的約束 be tied up with忙得脫不開身；與有密切聯(lián)系e.g. I want to work but Im tied to the house with the baby.我想工作，但卻被孩子拴在了家里。3. rocket n.煙花；火箭 v.猛漲；飛快地移動 e.g.

8、 The rocket was launched in May, 2001.這枚火箭發(fā)射的時間是2001年5月。e.g. The price of oil has suddenly rocketed up.石油價格突然飛漲。 e.g. The book rocketed to the top of the bestseller list.這本書一下子就躍居暢銷書榜首。 4. boom n. 隆隆聲；繁榮；激增e.g. The boom of the explosion could be heard for miles.爆炸的隆隆聲響數(shù)英里以外也能聽見。e.g. Living standards

9、 improved rapidly during the post-war boom.在戰(zhàn)后那段繁榮昌盛的時期里，生活水平迅速提高?！境Ｓ么钆洹縜 big boom 一聲巨響a boom in car sales 汽車銷售額的劇增a property boom 房地產的迅速發(fā)展【知識拓展】v. 發(fā)出隆隆聲；(使)繁榮/迅速發(fā)展e.g. By the 1980s, the computer industry was booming.到20世紀80年代時，計算機行業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展。5. consume v.消耗；吃喝；毀滅；燒毀 e.g. The house was consumed in a fire

10、.房子被大火燒毀了。e.g. Im sure that Chinese people consume the largest amount of rice in the world.我敢肯定，世界上中國人吃掉的大米最多?！境Ｓ么钆洹?n. consume all the hamburgers 吃光所有的漢堡 consume the whole city 吞噬整個城市consume large amounts of fossil fuels 消耗大量的礦物燃料consume time 消耗時間 +adv. consume away 燒毀,毀滅 +prep. be consumed with 為(

11、某種思想)而不斷受折磨be consumed with guilt 深感內疚e.g. The electricity industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuels.電力工業(yè)消耗大量的礦物燃料。e.g. He was consumed with rage.他無比憤怒?！局R拓展】(1)consumption n.u消費，消耗；消費/耗量e.g. The government encourages individual consumption.政府鼓勵個人消費。e.g. Internet shopping is a new way of consu

12、mption.網上購物是當今消費的一種新途徑。(2)consumer n.消費者；用戶；消費品 consumer advice and protection center 消費者咨詢與保護中心e.g. We need more feedback from the consumer in order to improve our goods.我們需要從消費者那里多得到些反饋信息以提高產品質量。(3) consumable adj.可消費的；可消耗的 n.消費品consumable resource 消耗性資源consumable material 消耗材料6. explosion n. 爆炸 e

13、.g. The construction workers used an explosion to tear down the old building.建筑工人用爆破方式拆除了那棟建筑?！境Ｓ么钆洹縜 popular explosion 人口激增 plastic explosion 塑性炸藥 explosive device 易爆裝置e.g. The interest of learning English is an explosive.學習英語的興趣陡然上升?！局R拓展】explode vi.爆炸；激增；爆發(fā) vt.使爆炸；駁倒e.g. The children exploded thr

14、ee firecrackers.孩子們燃放了三個爆竹 e.g. Several scientific myths were exploded by Galileos observations.科學上的幾種荒誕說法因伽利略的觀測而被推翻。7. orbit n. 軌道 v. 繞軌道而行, 進入軌道, 盤旋 【常用搭配】 in orbit 在軌道中 e.g.有多少航天器繞月球軌道飛行？How many spacecrafts are orbiting the moon? e.g.該航天器在繞月球軌道運行。The spacecraft is in orbit around the moon. 8. m

15、ission n.使命，代表團，任務 v.派遣執(zhí)行任務e.g. The first space mission to send back pictures from the surface of Mars was Viking 1 in 1976.第一次從火星表面發(fā)回照片的太空飛行任務是1976年由“海盜1號”執(zhí)行的。9. lunar adj.月球的，月亮的e.g. Many people are interested in the lunar landscape.很多人對月球的地貌感興趣。10. attempt n.&v. 企圖，嘗試，試圖 e.g. They made no attempt

16、 to escape. 他們并沒有試圖逃跑。e.g. Dont attempt to do what you cant do. 不要企圖做那些辦不到的事情. e.g. He made an attempt to leave the scene, but was watched by the police. 他企圖離開現(xiàn)場，但被警察發(fā)現(xiàn)了?！境Ｓ么钆洹縨ake the first/an attempt at sth./to do sth. 對某事的第一次嘗試attempt at sth / doing sth 試圖做某事 attempt/try/seek to do sth 試圖做某事重點短語1

17、. name after/for 以的名字命名be named after/fore.g. The city was named after a hero who laid down his life for it.這個城市是以為它獻出生命的英雄的名字來命名的2. fly to space 飛向太空3. in the future 未來4. lead to 把帶到；領到；（道路）通向；導致5. become involved in 參與到中6. tie A to B 把綁到上7. most likely 最可能8. sendinto space 把送入太空9. be beaten by 被打敗

18、10. orbit earth環(huán)繞地球 11. develop a program 開展一個項目12. do/ conduct/ carry on research on 進行研究13. no longer 不再句子分析1. Around AD 1500, a man named Wan Hu made the first attempt at space flight. 在公元1500年左右，一個名叫萬戶的人首次嘗試太空飛行。本句中named Wan Hu是過去分詞短語做后置定語，修飾a man, a man named Wan Hu=a man who was named Wan Hu “

19、一個名叫萬戶的人”。2. The people watching might have thought that he was wonderful.旁觀的人們也許認為他已經成功了。本句中的might have thought為情態(tài)動詞的完成時，表示“當時可能以為”，表示對過去情況的一種推測?！局R拓展】 (1)must have done 表示對已經發(fā)生的事情的推測，意為“一定，想必”。這種結構一般只用于肯定句，其否定形式是cant /couldnt）have done ，表示“不可能，肯定不會”。e.g. He didnt hear the phone. He must have been

20、asleep.(2)can/could have done表示對過去的時間內可能發(fā)生的事情的猜測，can have done 一般只用于否定句和疑問句。could have done 還可以用于肯定句，常用來表示本來可能完成而實際未完成的動作。e.g. He cant have finished the work so soon. 這項工作他不可能完成得這樣快。(3)neednt have done 指實際上做了本來不必要做的事，意為“本來不必”。e.g. There was plenty of time . She neednt have hurried. 時間很充裕，她本不必匆忙。(4)s

21、hould (ought to) have done 指本該做而實際未做的事，意為“本來應該”。其否定式shouldnt/oughtnt have done 則表示某種行為不該發(fā)生但卻發(fā)生了。e.g. You should have started earlier , but you didnt. 你本應該早一點出發(fā)，但是你沒有。3. This time was beaten by Chinas next manned space flight, Shenzhou 6, which began on 12 October 2005. On this flight, Chinese astron

22、auts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng spent five days orbiting Earth.beat v.“打，打敗”，在文中指“時間上超過”的意思。e.g. Russians beat all the other scientists in the time duration of their stay in space. 在所有的科學家中，俄羅斯人在太空的逗留時間最長。 e.g. Our team beat their team yesterday. 昨天，我們隊打敗了他們隊。e.g. I felt my heart beating violently

23、. 我感覺到自己的心跳得很厲害。4. When the smoke cleared, Wan Hu was gone. He most likely was consumed in the explosion.clear v. 澄清, 清除障礙, 放晴 clear up 放晴，解決，澄清e.g. I hope itll clear up this afternoon. 我希望今天下午天會放晴。語法解析過去分詞的用法1.過去分詞作表語表示被動或表示狀態(tài)。e.g. The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。e.g. He is married. /He has got married.他結婚

24、了。2.過去分詞作定語 (1) 單個過去分詞用作定語，常置于其所修飾的名詞之前。 e.g. We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我們必須使我們的思想適應改變了的情況。 (2) 過去分詞短語用作定語時，一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當于一個定語從句。e.g. The concert given by their friends was a success.他們朋友舉行的音樂會大為成功。(3) 過去分詞短語有時也可用作非限制性定語，前后常有逗號。 e.g. The meeting, attended by over fi

25、ve thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會，到會的有五千多人。 (4) 用來修飾人的過去分詞有時可以轉移到修飾非人的事物，這種過去分詞在形式上雖不直接修飾人，但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關。 e.g. The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩帶著滿意的表情舉目而視。3.過去分詞作狀語 (1)過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語表示被動的和完成的動作。 e.g. Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因為寫得匆忙，這篇

26、文章不是很好?！咀⒁狻縲ritten 為過去分詞作狀語，表示這篇文章是被寫的，而且已經被寫。 值得注意的是，有些過去分詞，作狀語時不表被動而狀態(tài)。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有： lost（迷路）、seated（坐）、hidden（躲）、lost/absorbed in（沉溺于）、born（出身于）、dressed in（穿著）、tired of（厭煩）。 e.g. Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound.因為沉溺于思考之中，所以他沒聽到那個聲音。(2)過去分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語為主句的主語，此時應注意人稱一致。e.g. Gi

27、ven another hour, I can also work out this problem.= If I am given another hour, I can also work out this problem. 再給我一個小時，我也能解這道題。e.g. Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. =If the city was seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.從山頂看城市，城市顯得更

28、漂亮。(3)過去分詞作狀語來源于狀語從句。e.g. Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.因為淋了一場大雨，所以他全身濕透了。(caught in a heavy rain 為過去分詞短語作原因狀語，它來源于原因狀語從句 Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)e.g. Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長得很快。(grown in rich soil 為過去分詞作條件狀語，它來源于條件狀語從句 If these seeds

29、are grown in rich soil.)【注意】狀語從句改成過去分詞作狀語時有時還可保留連詞，構成“連詞過去分詞”結構作狀語。 e.g. When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 當你做體格檢查時要保持鎮(zhèn)定。 (4)過去分詞作狀語的位置。過去分詞可放在主句前作句首狀語，后面有逗號與主句隔開；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗號與主句隔開。 e.g. He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently. 他靜靜地站

30、在那里，被感動得熱淚盈眶?！咀⒁狻咳绻^去分詞作狀語時，前面再加邏輯主語，主句的主語就不再是分詞的邏輯主語，這種帶邏輯主語的過去分詞結構實際上屬于獨立主格結構。 e.g. The signal given, the bus started. 信號一發(fā)出，汽車就開動了。（the signal 是 given 的邏輯主語，因此主句主語 the bus 就不是given 的邏輯主語。 e.g. Her head held high, she went by. 她把頭昂得高高地從這兒走了過去。（her head 是 held high 的邏輯主語，因此主句主語 she 就不再是held high 的邏

31、輯主語。）4. 過去分詞作賓語補足語A.能夠接過去分詞作賓補的動詞有以下三類： (1)表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞。see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, thinke.g. I heard the song sung in English. 我聽到有人用英語唱過這首歌。e.g.He found his hometown greatly changed. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大。(2)表示“致使”意義的動詞。have, make, get, keep, leavee.g.Ill have my hair cut to

32、morrow. 明天我要理發(fā)。e.g.He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。e.g.Dont leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 【注意】過去分詞所表示的動作一定和賓語有邏輯上的動賓關系。B.使役動詞have/get接過去分詞作賓補有兩種情況。 (1)過去分詞所表示的動作由他人完成。 e.g. He had his money stolen.他的錢被偷了。 (2)過去分詞所表示的動作由句中的主語所經歷。e.g. He had his leg broken.他的腿斷了。 C.“with 賓語過去分詞”結

33、構過去分詞用作介詞 with的賓語補足語。這一結構通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。 e.g. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 兇手被帶進來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。（表方式） e.g. With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加熱，我們就會看到水蒸氣。（表條件） e.g. With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因） e.g. She stood in fron

34、t of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注視著他。e.g. He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然舉著手站了一會兒。四、例題精析【例題1】【題干】Translation.1. 你認識那個穿著紅衣服的婦女嗎？(dressed)2. 舒服地坐在椅子上，他在沉思. (lost)3. 對于昨天發(fā)生的事故，我很震驚。(shocked)4. 給予更多的關心的話，這些樹會長得更好。(given)5. 如果被問及，你不要說我在家里。(asked)【答案】1. Do you k

35、now the woman dressed in red? 2. He sat comfortably in an armchair, lost in thought.3. Im shocked at what happened yesterday.4. If given more care, these trees will grow better. 5. If asked, please dont tell him that Im at home.【解析】1. 本題考查過去分詞dressed作后置定語修飾the woman。2. 本題考查lost in thought中過去分詞lost的用法。即He was lost in thought.3. 本題考查be shocked at的用法。4. 本題考查given的用法，原句即為If these trees are given more care, these trees will grow better.5. 本題考查asked的用法，原句即為If you are asked, please dont tell him that Im at home.【例題2】【題干】Translation.1. 你參加了昨天舉行的會議嗎？(held)2. 從日本引進的那些機器已不再先進了。(introduced)3. 他們在