復習動詞的時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、一般過去時

1、復習動詞的時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、一般過去時。 一般現(xiàn)在時（The Present Indefinite Tense）的測試 5 要點：1、表示不受時間限制的客觀存在、科學真理、格言等。Water boils at 100 .Twice two is four .The earth goes around the sun .Pride goes before a fall . 驕者必敗。One today is worth two tomorrows . 一個今天勝過兩個明天。Practice makes perfect . 熟能生巧。Japan lies to the ea

2、st of China .Shanghai stands on the Huangpu River .England and France are separated by the English Channel .2、一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常地或者習慣的動作，常與頻度狀語 usually , often , sometimes , every morning , always , regularly 以及 at present , these days , nowadays , at the moment 等時間狀語連用。Mum doesnt drive as well as Dad . She

3、stops too suddenly and turns quickly .Peter used to work in Geneva , but at present he works in London .The Hunts usually live in Scotland , but at the moment they live in the south .Being middle school students , you do homework every day .3、在口語中，一般現(xiàn)在時往往可和一個表示未來時間的狀語連用，表達一個按規(guī)定、計劃、安排要發(fā)生的動作。這種動詞是：go

4、, come , fall , arrive , start , begin , meet , stay , take , place , happen 等。When do you start , Mr Green ?This train leaves at 10:00 .Miss Black comes next week . When do they leave for the countryside ? They start next Saturday .A：Is there any meeting today ?B：Yes . It begins at 2:30 in the afte

5、rnoon .4、在時間和條件狀語從句中可用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。Please let me know when he comes back .I will go to see him if it is fine tomorrow .If he doesnt like it , nor / neither will I.5、在某些以 here , there 開頭的句子中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示正發(fā)生的動作。Here comes the bus ! 汽車來了！There goes the bell ! 鈴響了！ 現(xiàn)在進行時（The Present Continuous Tense）的 7 個測試要

6、點1、現(xiàn)在進行時表示說話時正發(fā)生的或者正進行的動作。常與時間狀語 now , at the moment 等連用。It is raining hard now . Dont hurry .I am writing a letter . Will you please turn down the radio ?Watch out (當心) ! Its falling .Look ! The clouds are gathering .Look at this picture of a busy railway station . A train is standing at one of the

7、 platforms ready to leave . Some of thepassengers are looking out of the windows watching the late-comers who are hurrying along looking for empty seats .We are busy at the moment . Im selling cigarettes . My father is selling some sweets .2、表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行而此刻不一定在進行的動作?？珊蜁r間狀語 now , these days 等連用。She is s

8、tudying law while her brother is studying medicine .Is my daughter working hard in the factory , Manager Wang ?How are you getting along / on with your studies ?I usually get up at eight , but Im getting up at six every day this week .3、表示按計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動作。We are going to Rome next week .Mr Black is lea

9、ving for Shanghai in a few days .Are you doing anything special tonight ?4、用在時間和條件狀語從句中表達將來正進行的動作。Ill telephone you this afternoon while Im waiting .Ill think about it while you are writing the report .When you are talking with him , take care not to mention this .If you are standing at the corner w

10、hen I pass , Ill give you a lift into town .5、現(xiàn)在進行時和動詞 hope , wonder 連用表示婉轉(zhuǎn)的口氣。I am hoping youll give me some advice .Im wondering if I may have a word with you .We are wondering if you have any suggestion .6、現(xiàn)在進行時與 always , continually , constantly 等副詞連用表示反復或者習慣性的動作，含有說話人的某種感情色彩，如贊揚、遺憾、討厭、不滿等。He is

11、 always asking such easy questions .He is constantly leaving his books about .7、少數(shù)動詞，如jump , hit , kick , knock , drop 等瞬間動詞用進行時比動作的重復或者即將發(fā)生。He is knocking at the door .The girls are jumping . 一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時的 6 個區(qū)別點區(qū)別點一：一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性的動作，而現(xiàn)在進行時表達現(xiàn)在或者現(xiàn)階段正發(fā)生的動作。He studies hard .He is studying hard this term

12、.My watch works perfectly . (經(jīng)常性)My watch is working perfectly . (短暫性) He lives in Beijing .He is living in Beijing .區(qū)別點二：用現(xiàn)在進行時往往帶有感情色彩，而用一般現(xiàn)在時只是說明事實。John does fine work at school . （說明事實）John is doing fine at school . （表揚）Now I live in a very pleasant flat . （事實）Now I am living in a very pleasant

13、flat . （滿意）現(xiàn)在進行時表達感情色彩時常和always , forever , constantly 等連用。He is always thinking of how he could do more for the poor .She is always changing her clothes .區(qū)別點三：一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作，現(xiàn)在進行時表示眼前看得見的動作。Boats pass under the bridge .The boat is passing under the bridge .區(qū)別點四：一般現(xiàn)在時用來表示永久的情況或者完成的動作，現(xiàn)在進行時表示的暫時或臨時性動

14、作。My parents lives in Canada .Im staying with one of my classmates .區(qū)別點五：表示知覺、感覺、看法、感情、愿望的動詞常不用現(xiàn)在進行時而用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：see , hear , smell , notice , taste , know , think , like , want , wish , have , fit , belong to 。The necklace belongs to Jenny .I hear you want to do business abroad .區(qū)別點六：表示問候性的親切感多用現(xiàn)在進行時。

15、How are you feeling today , Xiao Ming ? I hope you will be well soon .How are they getting along with their work ? 現(xiàn)在完成時（The Present Perfect Tense）的 6 個測試要點1、不帶時間狀語的現(xiàn)在完成時表示說話之前動作已經(jīng)完成，而后果和影響至今存在。He has gone to Europe . You cant see him .Has he had his supper ?He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。He has bee

16、n to Beijing .他去過北京。2、帶狀語的現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還要持續(xù)下去的動作或者狀態(tài)。She has been ill for two weeks . I havent seenhim for many months .She has learnt a lot since she cameto No. 16 Middle School .3、在用 already , yet , before , just , ever , lately , recently 這類副詞或者頻度副詞 often , sometimes , rarely , never ,

17、once , twice , three times 做狀語時常用現(xiàn)在完成時。Have you ever listened to foreign music ?This is the second game . Theyve already won a game .He as well as I has seen the film before .We went to have a haircut once a month .4、特別注意由 since , for 引起的時間狀語與現(xiàn)在完成時的連用。since 后必須是確定的時間點，而不能是一段時間。Ive known him since we

18、 were children .They havent visited us since 1998.由 for 引起的時間狀語中，介詞 for 常被省去。Ive studied English (for)a long time .For months he hasnt gone to the movies .5、含下列狀語的句子常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用：ever since , in the past two weeks , in the last few years , until now , till now , up to now , up to the present , so far ,

19、for the last few months , over the last few weeks . during the last few centuries 。Up to now , everything has been successful .In the last 50 years China has made great advances in socialist revolution and socialist construction . 6、注意現(xiàn)在完成時不能與非延續(xù)性動詞連用。如：marry , die , leave , start , join , end 等。但可以

20、借助這些動詞的形容詞或狀態(tài)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。He has been married to Joan for a year . = He married Joan a year ago .She has been a Party member for two weeks . = She joined the Party two weeks ago .= It is two weeks since she became a Party member . 一般過去時（The Past Indefinite Tense）的 4 個測試要點1、一般過去時表示過去某一時刻或者某一段時間發(fā)生的動作或者狀態(tài)

21、。Last night we went to enjoy a good performance .I usually sleep indoors , but I slept outdoors last summer . How long have you been here ? Only about five minutes . Jane and Simon walked here with me .I cant find the dictionary . Someone put it on the top of the bookshelf .2、表示過去的習慣動作。通常同時間或者頻度狀語連用。He smoked a l