2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題(全國(guó)卷1)含答案

1、2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題（全國(guó)卷 1）含答案第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15B.9.18C.9.15答案是Co1 . What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give talk.C. Wiiteareport.2 . What can we say about the woman?A. Shes gene

2、rouxr. B. Shes curious C. Shes helpful. c-n-j-y3 .When does the train leave?A.At 6:00B.At 8:30C.At 10:304 .How does the wornon go work?A.ByCar.B.On foot.C.By bike.5 .What is the probable relationship between the speakers?21cnj*y.co*m A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二節(jié)（共15小題：

3、每題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6 .What does the woman regret?A.Giving up her research. B.Dropping out of college. C.Changing her major.7 .What is the woman interested in studying now?A.Ecology

4、B.EducationC.Chemistry.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8 .What is the man?A.A hotel manager. B.A tour guide.C.A taxi driver.9 .What is the man doing for the woman?A.Looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering infonnation about a hotel.聽第8段材料，回答10至12題。10 .Where does the conversation proba

5、bly take place?A.In an office. B.At homeC.At a restaurant.11 .What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A.Go to a concert.B.Visit a friend.C.Work extra hours.12 .Who is Alice going to call?A.MikeB.JoanC.Catherine聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13 .Why does the woman meet the man?A.To look atan apartment.B.To deli

6、ver some furniture.C.To have a meal together.14 .What does the woman like about the carpet?A.Its color. B.Its design. C.Its quality.15 .What does the man say about the kitchen?A.Its a good size.B.Its newly painted.C.Its adequately equipped.16 .What will the woman probably do ncxt?A.Go downtownB.Talk

7、 with her friend. C.Make payment.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17 .Who is the speake probably talking to?A.Movie fans.B.Ncws reporters. C.College students.18 .When did the speakertake English classes?A.Before he left his hometown.B.After he came to America.C.Whcn he was 15 years old.19 .How does the speaker fee

8、l about his teacher?A.Hes proud.B.Hes sympathetic. C.Hes grateful.20 .What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.How education shaped this fife.B.How his language skills improved.C.How he managed his business well.答案 1-5 BCCBA 6-10 BABCC 11-15 ABAAC 16-20 BCBCAAWashington.D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blos

9、som Bike Tour in Washington.D.CDuration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before

10、 availability - and the cherry blossoms - disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments inWashington.D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares uniquefacts and

11、history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hourMorning or Afternoon this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effor

12、t.Knowledge guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories aboutPresidents.Congress,memories,and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路線) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.21 世鍬育網(wǎng)Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hour (7 miles)Join a smal

13、l group hike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,AlD.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helme

14、t, and bottled water. All rides are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21 . Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Tour in Washington.D.C.B. Washington Capital Munumcnts Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bikc T our in Washington.D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night

15、Bicycle Tour.22 . What will you do on the Capital City Bikc Tour?DA. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23 . Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?DA. City maps.B. CamerasC. Meals.D. Safety lights.21.BGood Morn

16、ing Britain s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role-showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.【21 世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)】In Save Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help

17、of chefMatt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food taste,while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day.And the Good Morning Britain presenter says sheto put a lot of what she slearnt into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11. “ We love Me xican c

18、hurros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant, “ explains. I pay 給 for a portion(份),but Matt makes them for26P a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes we re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselv

19、es.The eight-part series(系歹！J節(jié) 目),Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITV sSave Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.121 教育名師】With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a

20、different family eac h week.In tonight s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in(B)B.She has started a new programme.D.She has had a tight budget for her(C)need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family weekend of celebration with less expensive but still ta

21、sty recipes.24 .What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.C.She dislikes working early in the morning.family. 21教育網(wǎng)25 .How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.C.He assists her in cooking matters.B.He prepare food for her kids.D.He invites

22、guest families for her.26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?(C)21-cnjy*comA.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Provide some advice for the readers.C.Add some background information.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?(D)【21教育】A.Keeping

23、Fit by Eating SmartB.Balancing Our Daily DietD.Cooking Well for LessC.Making Yourself a Perfect ChefLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly kni

24、t（聯(lián)系）groups developed their own patterns of speechindependent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become far

25、mers,and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many langua

26、ges to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanishand Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many peopl

27、e, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over800. The median number(中位數(shù))of speakers is a mere 6,000,which me

28、ans that half theworld s languages are spoken by fewer people than that .Alredy well over 400 0f the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡)，withonly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in

29、the Unitde States (two or three) orWadjigu in Auatralia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28 .What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?BA.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patterns.D.They were clos

30、ely connected.29 .Which of the fo llowing best explains “ dominanr underlined in paragraph 2?A.Complex.C.Powerful.B.AdvancedD.Modern.30 .How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present. BA.About 6,800. B.About 3,400.C.About 2,400.D.About 1,200.31 .What is the main idea of the text

31、?CA.New languages will be created.B.People s lifestyles are reflected in languages.C.Human development results in fewer languages.D.Geography determines language evolution.DWe may thin k we e a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shony and new,but a new study

32、 shows that we keep using our old devices （裝置）well after they goout ot style,That s bad news for environmentnd our wallets - - asthese outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things , 21*教*育*名*師To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt

33、 and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technologyin New York trackedtheenvironmentalcosts for each product throughout its life - form when its minedals aremined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use evolved since the early 1990s.Devices we

34、re grouped by generation.Desltop computers basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumu lated more devices,however,we didn

35、t throw out our old ones. TheLing- room television is replaced and gets planted in the kid soom ,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in2007.We re not just keeping these

36、old devices -we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbin seam,old desktop monitors and box TV s with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contributiontogreenhouse gas emissions( 排放)more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what sthe so

37、lution(解決方案)？The team sdata only went up to 2007,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function ,such as tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on demand entertainment viewing on t

38、ables instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32 .What does the author think of new devices?(A)A.They are environment-friendly. B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home. D.They go out of style quickly.33 .Why did Babbin s team conduct the res

39、earch?(D)A.To reduce the cost of minerals. B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34 .Which of the following uses the least energy?(B)A.The box-set TV. B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV. D.The desktop computer.35 .Wh

40、at does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?(A)A.Stop using them. B. Take them apart.C.Upgrade them. D.Recycle them.第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Color is fundamental in home design- something you ll always have in every room. Agrasp of how to mana

41、ge color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating roomsyou ll love to live in. Do you want a room that s full of life?Or are you just lookingplace to relax after a long day?36_( B) ,color is the key to making a room feel theway you want it to feel. www.21-cn-Over the years, there have be

42、en a number of different techniques to help designersapproach this important point.37_(A),they can get a little complex. But good newsis that there re reallly only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in yourhome:the small ones, the medium ones,and the large ones.www-2-1-cnjy-com_38

43、_.They re the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors and baskets that mostof us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and lessexpensive than buying a colorful sofa,small color choices bring with them the significantbenefit of being easily changeable.M

44、edium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables or bookshelves._39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decision in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors.Whether you

45、 re looking at wallpaper or paint,the time,effort and relative expense put into it aresignificant.40A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you re looking forC. If you re experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we re most famciaicwithE. It s not really a good idea to use too

46、 many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two maior ways36.B37.A38.D 39.G 40.F第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A, B, C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Duing my

47、 second year at the city college,I was told that the education departmentwas offering a“ free ” course,called Thinking Chess,for three credits.I _41 the idea oftaking the class because,after all,who doesn t want to _42 a few dollars? More ththat,I d always wanted to learn chess.And,even if I weren t

48、 _43 enoughcredits,news about our_44 was appealing enough to me.He was an internationalgrandmaster,which _45 I would be learning from one of the game hardly wait to _47_ him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returing to teach,and this _48 was no game for him:he meant business.In hi

49、s introduction,he make it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to 50 the class,among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and 52 to our lives.I managed to get an A in that _53and learned life lessons that have

50、 served me well beyond the 54Ten years afte r my chess class with Ashley,I m still putting to use what be 55_me: The absolute most important 56_ that you learn when you play chess is how to make good _57.On every single move you have to _58 a situation,process whatyou opponent（對(duì)手）is doing and _59 th

51、e best move from among all youroptions.“ These words still ring true today in my60 as a journalist.41.A.put forwardB.jumped atC.tried outD.turned down42.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay43.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired44.A.titleB.competitorC.textbookD.instructor45.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant 21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)46

52、A. fastest B. easiestC. best D.rarest47 A. interciew B.meet C. challcnge D. beat48 A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. jobD49 A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possibleC50A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observeB51 A. add B. expose C. apply D. compareC52A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally

53、A53A. game B. presentation C. course D. experimentC54A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situationB55 A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promisedA56 A. fact B. step C. manner D. skillD57 A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. commentsB58 A. analyze B. descibe C. rebuild D. controlA59A. ann

54、ounce B. signal C. block D. evaluateD60 A. role B. desire C. concern D. behaviorA第二節(jié)(共10小題；沒小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal runners live three years 61 longer(long) than non-runners You do n t have to run fast long 62 to see (see)the benefit You may drink ,smoke be overwhelming and