人教版初一(下)英語第8講：unit4語法篇(學(xué)生版)

1、Unit 4語法篇 祈使句 、祈使句指的是表示命令、請求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語 末用感嘆號或句號，讀降調(diào)。 、祈使句的肯定句式一般分為以下三種類型: 1行為動詞原形+其它成分。例如： Make senten ces after the model.根據(jù)例句造句。 2. Be 動詞+其它成分（形容詞、名詞或介詞短語等 ）。例如: Be careful when crossing the street.過馬路時要小心。 3. Let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分。例如： Let him go back now.讓他現(xiàn)在回去吧。 三.祈使句的否定句式 祈使句的否定句式，通常情況下在句首加上 Don

2、或 Never, 般分為以下四種類型: 學(xué)生通過本講學(xué)習(xí)，能夠掌握本單元的重點語法，并在綜合能力上有一定的拓展。 you常省略，謂語動詞用原形，句 1在祈使句的肯定句式前加 Do,構(gòu)成Don t行為動詞原形+其它成分。例如： Don t say that agai n 別再那樣說了！ 2. 在 Be 動詞引起的肯定祈使句前加 Don t構(gòu)成Don t b 升其它成分(形容詞、名詞或介詞短 語等)。例如：Don t be careless 不要粗心。 注意：在這種句型中 be 不能省略；否定副詞 not 不可置于 be 之后。 3. Let 引起的祈使句的否定形式有兩種： (1) Let 開頭的

3、祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人稱名詞或代詞的賓格，可在 Let 前加 Don，也 可在 Let 后賓格的名詞或代詞后面加 not。 (2) 如果以 Let 開頭的祈使句，必須在 Let 后加 not。例如： Don t let me go with her tomorrow. = Let me n ot go with her tomorrow. 不要讓我明天跟她一起去。 Let s not tell her the turth whenever we meet her. 無論什么時候我們碰到她，都不要告訴她真相。 4. 在公共場合的提示語中， 否定祈使句常用 No +名詞/V-ing 形式結(jié)

4、構(gòu)，表示禁止做某事。 例如： NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照！ 四.祈使句的反意問句 祈使句的反意疑問句須按其句子結(jié)構(gòu)及講話人的語氣來決定其疑問部分。通常有以下三種形式： 1. 祈使句為肯定句式， 其反意疑問句表示請求時， 通常用 will you ；表示邀請、 勸說時， 用 won t you 。例如： Be sure to write to us, will you? 你一定要給我們寫信，好嗎？ Come to have dinner with us this evening, won t you? 今晚來和我們一起吃飯，好嗎？Don t smoke in the meeting room

5、, will you? 不要在會議室抽煙，好嗎？ 3. Let 開頭的祈使句構(gòu)成反意疑問句時，除 Let 用 shall we 夕卜，其它均用 will you。例如: Let the boy go first, will you? 讓個那男孩先走，好嗎？ Let s take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚飯后我們?nèi)ド⒉剑脝幔?情態(tài)動詞 must 禾口 have to 情態(tài)動詞 用法 例句 must 表示 必須，應(yīng)該 之意，語氣比 should， ought to 強(qiáng)烈。其否疋形式 mustn t 表示 不 準(zhǔn)，不應(yīng)該，禁止”等意 1. You must

6、come to school on time. 2. Everybody must obey the law. 3. You mustndrive so fast in the street. 4. We mustnwaste any more time. 在回答帶有 must 的問句時，否定回答常用 needn t 或 don thave to, 表示 不必 ，而 不用 must nt 1. Must I come back before ten? Yes, you must.(No, you needn 表示有把握的推測， 意為“一定、 準(zhǔn)是、 相必”，只用于肯定句中 1. It must

7、 be my mother. 2. You must be hungry after a walk. 3. There must be a hole in the wall. have to have to “必須， 不得不”， 意義與 must 相近。 但 must表示的是說話人的主觀看法，而 have to 則往往強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。 1. The film is not interesting. 1 really must go now. 2. I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital. must 只有一種形式，即現(xiàn)在式與過去式都 是

8、一種形式，而 have to 則涉及各種人稱、 時態(tài)等方面的變化形式。 1. I had to work hard when 1 was your age. 2. I will have to lear n how to use a computer. 3 . In order to take the exam, we ll have to finish the whole book by the end of this month . 兩者的否定意義不冋，mustn 表示“禁止， 不許 ,don thave to 表示不必。 1. You must n go there. 2 . You d

9、on have to go there. 1.【2015 年廣東省初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試英語試題】 Look! The traff ic light has turned red. We stop our car. A. can B. can t C. must D. mustn t 2.【山東省泰安市 2015 年中考英語試題】 Nowadays .all passengers go through safety check before take a train. A. can B. may C. must D. will 3.【德州市二 O 五年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試 英語試題】 Mr. Wang

10、, must I come again to clea n the classroom on Sun day? No, you .I have asked Kate to do it. A. can t B. mustn t C.needn t D. shouldn 4.【江蘇省鹽城市 2015 年中考英語試題】 Dani el, _ play with the mobile pho ne while youre walki ng in the street. A. dont B. does nt C. wont D. cant 5.【河南省 2015 年中考英語試題】 kind and he

11、lpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nicer place to live in. A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been 6. in bed. It s bad for your eyes. A. Not to read B. Don t read C. Don t to read D. Not read J當(dāng)當(dāng)堂練習(xí)堂練習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)演練 一、單項選擇 1. _ picture books in class, please. A. Not read B. No read C. Not re

12、ad ing 2. Ssh! _ talk loudly. The baby is sleeping right now. A. Do B. Does C. Dont 3. Do you _ wear a uniform at school? A. must B. have to C. may 4. You _ stop when the traffic light turns red. A. can B. had better C. n eed D. Dont read D. Does nt D. can D. must 5. - _ you give your seat to this o

13、ld man? -Of course. A. Can B. Shall C. Need D. 二、 按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型 6. Throw that piece of paper away.（改為否定祈使句 ） _ that piece of paper away. 7. Pick some flowers, please.（改為否定祈使句 ） _ pick _ flowers, please. 8. I have to look after myself.（改為否定句） I _ _ _ look after myself. 9. Andy has to study for a test.（改為一般

14、疑問句） _ Andy _ study for a test? 10. I can talk to Jennys mother.（改為一般疑問句） _ talk to Jennys mother? 三、 翻譯（根據(jù)中文提示完成句子） 11. 請找布朗先生接電話好嗎 ？ _ speak to Mr.Brow n? 12. 在周末我喜歡去那兒，但是我得先做一些家務(wù)活。 I _ _ go there on weekends, but I _ _ _ some housework first. 13. 地球是我們美麗的家園，我們必須保持地球清潔。 The earth is our beautiful

15、home. We _ 14. 不要在街道上打籃球。 _ in the street. 15. 禁止在草上行走。 _ _ on the grass. Must 鞏固提高 1. Do your homework at home.（改為否定句 ） _ your homework at home. 2. Do you have a good time at school?（改為同義句 ） Do you have _ at school? 3. I can eat in the dining hall.（就劃線部分提問） _ you eat? 4. Please keep quiet in class.

16、（改為同義句 ） Dont be _ in class. 5. Must we eat in the hallways?（作否定回答） 6. You cant listen to music in the classroom.（改為祈使句 ） _ _ music in the classroom. 7. Go out on school nights.（改為否定句） _ out on school n ights. 8. She has to wash the dishes after meals.（改為一般疑問句） _ she _ wash the dishes after meals? 9

17、. We can eat lunch at our school.（改為以 Lets 開頭的句子） _ lunch at our school. 10. Dont draw pictures on the blackboard.（改為肯定句） _ on the blackboard. 一、翻譯（根據(jù)中文提示完成句子） 1. 她會說一點兒中文。 She _ speak a little Chinese. 2. -學(xué)生們可以在走廊上跑嗎？ -不，他們不能。 -Can the stude nts run in the hallways? -No, they _ 3. -我能在教室里吃東西嗎? -不，

18、你不能。 - _ I _ in the classroom? -No, you cant. 4你上課不要接電話。 You _ an swer the teleph one in class. 5. 我 10 點鐘之前不得不上床睡覺。 I _ _ go to bed before 10:00. 二、按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型 6. Will you please not open the window?（改為祈使句） _ the wi ndow. 7. We have to clean the room.（就劃線部分提問） _ do you have to _ ? 8. She has to do her

19、homework.（改為否定句） She _ _ _ do her homework. 9. I have to stay at home on rainy days.（改為一般疑問句并作出否定回答 ） _ you _ stay at home on rainy days? No, I _ . 10. You dont have to get up so early.（改為同義句） You _ get up so early. 三、完形填空 Every school has its own rules. How many _ 11 _ are there in your school? At

20、some schools, the stude nts _ 12 _ to wear uni forms on school days. But many stude nts dont like to wear uni forms. They think the uni forms are the ugliest _ 13 _ in the world. But the schools dont allow the students to wear _ 14 _ own clothes at school. So some students draw carto ons or some fam

21、ous sin gers on their _ 15 _ . They thi nk it is very _ 16 _ that every one wears the same. It is very unfair（不公平的）that the teachers and the stude nts are wearing _ 17 _ But most of the students _ 18 _ the rules. What do you think _ 19 _ it? Do you _ 20 _ your school uniforms? 11 A. stude nts B. rul

22、es C. un iforms D. rulers 12. A. has B. must C. should D. have 13. A. clothes B. shirts C. skirts D. cloth 14. A. their B. they C. them D. themselves 15. A. school bags B. books C. un iforms D. desks 16. A. bored B. bori ng C. in teresti ng D. in terested 17. A. same B. differe ntly C. differe nt D.

23、 the same 18. A. obey B. agree C. liste n D. listen to 19. A. of B. about C. by D. for 20 A. like B. make C. wash D. put on 1. - Whats your teacher like? -She is always strict _ us. A. in B. with C. to 2. Mr. Black always goes to work _ time. He is never late. A. at B. on C. in D. with 3.- I go out

24、with my frien ds, Mom? -No, you cant. You must do your homework first. A. Must B. Have to C. Do D. Can 4. On Sunday I have to go to the farm my pare nts. A. to help B. help C. helpi ng D. helped 5. - What are the rules at your school? -Dont run in the hallways and _ arrive late for class. A. not to

25、B. wont C. dont D. no 6. There are _ people in the hall and there are _ noise（噪音）in it. A. too many; too much B. too many; much too C. too much; too many D. too much; much too 7. Our classroom is We must clea n it. A. dirty B. sorry C. quiet D. no isy 8. -I What do you do after dinner? A. have break

26、fast B. have lunch C. get up early D. watch TV 9. - What are your rules at home? -I have to go to bed _ ten. A after B. before C. in D. on 10.- Are you happy? .I have a lot of rules. A Yes, I am B. Yes, I do C. No, Im not D. No, I dont 二、完形填空 My n ame is Li Xia. I am a middle school stude nt. As a s

27、tude nt, I have many rules. I cant be late _ 11 _ class. I must _ 12 _ on time. I cant run in the hallways. I cant _ 13 _ in the classroom. I must eat in the dining hall. I _ 14 _ listen to music in the classroom, but I can listen to it outside. I have to wear my school _ 15 _ every day. I cant wear

28、 a hat. In the school library, we must be quiet. We cant talk loudly or laugh loudly. At home, I have to get up early and help my mom _ 16 _ breakfast. I have to make the bed and _ 17 _ my bedroom every morning. I cant watch TV _ 18 _ play computer games _ 19 _ school nights. On weekends, I have to

29、practice the guitar and the piano. I cant play _ 20 _ on school days. I am not happy. What can I do? 11. A. to B. with C. for D. in 12. A. am B. is C. are D. be 13. A. fight B. eat C. sing D. dance 14 A. cant B. can C. do D. dont 15. A. book B. shoe C. uniform D. rules 16. A. do B. make C. to does D

30、. to makes 17. A. make B. eat C. clea n D. follow 18. A. or B. and C. with D. for 19. A. in B. at C. on D. with 20. A. the basketball B. the soccer C. volleyball D. pia no 三、閱讀理解 Today is Sun day, and there will be a con cert（音樂會）at Hong He Concert Hall at 7:00 p.m. Mr. Smith arrives there early, an

31、d he is reading the Notice to the Audience （聽眾須知 ）. Notice to the Audie nce 1. Dress neatly（整潔）and dont wear slippers（拖鞋）into the concert hall. 2. Dont take food or drink into the hall. 3. Dont take childre n un der 1.2m in height i nto the concert hall. 4. Keep off all beepers and mobile phones （手機(jī)

32、）during the concert. 5. Dont take photos duri ng the concert. 6. Dont smoke in the concert hall. 21. What day is it today? A. Its Saturday. B. Its Su nday. C. Its Mo nday. D. Its Friday. 22. What time is it now? A. 7:00 a.m. B. Before 7:00 in the morning C. 7:00 p.m. D. Before 7:00 p.m. 23. Mr. Smit

33、h is . A. liste ning to the concert B. wait ing for his friends C. readi ng the no tice D. watch ing a movie 24. The audie nce have to A. wear slippers B. make phone calls C. eat or drink someth ing D. dress n eatly 25. Which is RIGHT? A. Childre n un der 1.2m cant come into the hall. B. People with

34、 no beepers or mobile phones cant come into the hall. C. If you want, you can smoke in the hall. D. You can take some photos duri ng the con cert. 四、 單詞拼寫(單句首字母填空) 26. I think students should follow the school r _ . 27. We have to be q _ in the library. 28. Dont go out b _ you finish your homework.

35、29. The room is too small. Lets go o _ . 30. I learn how to use the computer and I f _ very happy. 五、 適當(dāng)形式填空(單句適當(dāng)形式) 31. Dont be _(noise) in the classroom. 32. I feel very _ (relax) after having a good rest. 33. I have to do the _ (dish) after dinner. 34. I have many storybooks, but Tom has _ (many)

36、. 35. Please keep your eyes _ (close). 六、 對話7選5 A: Hello, Li Lei. 3 _ B: We cant arrive late for class. A: 37 _ B: No, we cant. But we can eat in the dining hall. A: Can you listen to music in the hallways? B: No, we cant. 38 _ A: Do you have to wear uni forms? B: 39 _ A: 40 _ B: Yes, I do, or my pa

37、rents will be angry( 生氣). A: I have to do my homework first whe n I get home. A. Can you eat i n the classroom? B. Do you have to finish your homework after school? C. What are your school rules? D. Yes, we do. E. And we cant wear hats at school. 七、選詞填空（短文選詞填空） late first pare nts strict leavi ng sa

38、y our follow early after Our Class Rules Our head teacher is very 41 _ with us. He makes many rules for us and asks us to 42. _ them. We have to get up 43 _ in the morning. All of us must be on time for class. We cant arrive 44. _ . We cant fight in or out of class. If we fight, he will call our 45.

39、 _ . We cant eat or talk loudly in class. We must listen to the teacher carefully（ 認(rèn)真地）. 46. _ class, we cant run or listen to music in the hallway. We have to wear 47. _ uni forms at school. We cant wear a hat i n class. When we get home, we must do homework 48 _ . We have to finish our homework on

40、 time. When we get to school every morning, we must 49 _ hello to all the teachers and say Goodbye when 50. _ school. 八、閱讀與表達(dá)（問答式）（101中學(xué)初一下期中考試） Have you ever had problems in your life and dont know how to be happy? If so, you will find the book Bei ng a Happy Teen ager is very useful, which is writ

41、ten by an Australia n writer An drew Matthews. An drew Matthews works as a writer, carto oni st（ 卡通畫家 ）and speaker. His books have bee n tran slated into 20 Ian guages. He has bee n on over 2000 radios and TV programs. In this book, Matthews tells us how to have a happy life and answers the questions of teenagers. There are many topics such as pare nts and frien ds, and the book says we should stop being angry and learn to