2018高考英語全國1卷

1、2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅談一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.8.C.9.15.答案是Co1. WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Giveatalk.2. Wha

2、tcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.Shesgenerous.B.Shescurious.3. Whendoesthetrainleave?4. Howdocsthewomangotowork?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.5. Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨內(nèi)。每段對話或獨A后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

3、選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6. Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.7. Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology.B.Education.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8. Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide.529. Whatisthemandoingfor

4、thewoman?A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.B. Showingheraroundtheseaside.C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.聽第8段材料，問答第10至12題。10.Wheredocstheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Athome.11.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.At6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.C.Writeareport.C.Sheshelpful.C.Changinghermajor.C

5、.Chemistry.C.Ataxidriver.C.Atarestaurant.A.Gotoaconcert.12.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike.B.Joan.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.14.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.Itsagoodsize.

6、B.Itsnewlypainted.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Godowntown.B.Talkwithherfriend.聽第10段材料，回答第I7至20題。17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.18.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown.B. AfterhecametoAmerica.C.Whenhewas15yearsold.19.Howdoesthespeakerfe

7、elabouthisteacher?A.Hesproud.B.Hessympathetic.C.Hesgrateful.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.B. Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）閱淡下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D叫個選項中，選出最佳選項。Washington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlosso

8、mBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!Wash

9、ingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours（4miles）JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinW

10、ashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmooth

11、tourroute（路線）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours（7miles）JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadefor

12、phototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmB.Visitafriend.C.Workextrahours.C.Catherine.C.Tohaveamealtogether.C.Itsquality.C.Itsadequatelyequipped.C.Makepayment.C.Collegestudents.et,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.21.Whichtourdoyounee

13、dtobookinadvance?A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.B. WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinteresti

14、ngstories.23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.BGoodMorningBritainsSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMo

15、ney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTcbbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunderfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshesbeenabletoputalotofwhatsheslearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“W

16、eloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant.sheexplains.Ipay5盼2pbctioMiattmakes廿emfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswerenotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries（系歹U節(jié)目）SaveMoney:GoodFoo

17、d,followsinthefootstepsofITVsSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.IntonightsEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspira

18、tiononabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamilylongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusan

19、na?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?B.BalancingOurDailyDietD.CookingWellforLessCLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.WhentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyHunter-gath

20、erers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlangua

21、gestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,Spanis

22、handChinesearcincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasa

23、bout1.000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelder

24、lyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?D.Theywerecloselyconnecte

25、d.“dominantunderlinedinparagraph2?C.Powerful.D.Modem.30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatA.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.B.Peopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D.Geographydet

26、ermineslanguageevolution.DWemaythinkwereaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（裝置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle.Thatbadnewsfortheenvironment-andourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdot

27、hesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife-fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolveds

28、incetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.A

29、.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefA.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.29.Whic

30、hofthefollowingbestexplainsA.Complex.B.Advanced.present?D.About1,200.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidntthrowoutouroldones.Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekidsroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosef

31、romfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.Wdrenotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbittteam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window

32、.Sowhatsthesoluti嘛快方案）？Theteamsdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcompute

33、rscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.33.WhydidBabbittsteamconducttheresearch?A.Toreducethecostofminerals.B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C.Toupdateconsumerso

34、nnewtechnology.D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分

35、）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyoullalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou111cin.Doyouwantaroomthatsfulloflife?Professional?OrareyouljtMskingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytoma

36、kingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthererereallyon”threekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38.Theyret

37、helittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofa

38、s,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryourelookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40.A.Whileal

39、lofthemareusefulB.WhateveryourelookingforC.IfyoureexperimentingwithacolorD.SmallcolorchoicesarctheonesweremostfamiliarwithE.ItsnotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D