英語介詞的用法

1、一、早、午、晚要用 in 例：in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天二、黎明、午、夜、點與分用at 例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明時候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜間 at midnight 在午夜 注：以上短語都不用冠詞 at six oclock 在6點鐘 at 7：30 (seven thirty) 在7點半 at half past eleven 在11點半 at nine fifteen 在9點15分 at ten thirty a.m

2、. 在上午10點30分 也可以寫成 seven to five 5點差7分(半小時以上) five minutes after two 2點過5分 at a quarter to two 1點45分 at the weekend 在周末三、年、月、年月、季節(jié)、周，即在來年，在某月，在某年某月 (但在某年某月某日則用on)，在四季，在第幾周等都要用in。 例；in 1986 在1986年 in 1927 在1927年 in April 在四月 in March 在三月 in December 1986 1986 年12月 in July l983 1983年7月 in spring 在春季 in

3、 summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季 in the fist week of this semester 這學(xué)期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周四、陽光、燈、影、衣、冒 in，即在陽光下，在燈下，在樹陰下，穿衣、著裝、冒雨等都要用in。 例：Dont read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的燈光下看書。 They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他們在明亮的燈光下復(fù)習(xí)功課。 They are sitting in the shade of a tree.

4、他們坐在樹陰下乘涼。 a prisoner in irons 帶著鐐銬的囚犯 He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到車站去接我。 The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society. 舊社會窮人們衣衫襤褸 以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的陽光下 a merchant in disguise 喬裝的商人 the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿著白(黑、紅、黃)色衣服的婦女 in uniform 穿著制服 in mo

5、urning 穿著喪服 in brown shoes 穿著棕色鞋 in his shirt sleeves 穿著襯衫 五、將來時態(tài)in.以后 例: They will come back in 10 days. 他們將10天以后回來。 Ill come round in a day or two. 我一兩天就回來。 Well be back in no time. 我們一會兒就回來。 Come and see me in two days time. 兩天后來看我。(從現(xiàn)在開始) after. (從過去開始)六、小處at大處in 例：Li and I arrived at Heishan co

6、unty safe and sound, all is well. Dont worry. 李和我平安地到達黑山縣，一切很好，勿念。 I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village. 我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一個小城鎮(zhèn)，而我的父母則住在農(nóng)村。 Im in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在遼寧省鞍山市七、有形with無形by，語言 、單位、材料in 例：The workers are paving a road with st

7、one. 工人們正用石子鋪路。(有形) The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 這位教師正用一支新筆批改論文。(有形) Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy is a good opera. 是-出好戲。(無形) I really cant express my idea in English freely in-deed 我確實不能用英語流利地表達我的思想。(表示某種語言用in) I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄語寫了一本小說。(同上) The kilometer is

8、 the biggest unit of length in the metric system 公里是米制中最長的長度單位。 (表示度、量、衡單位的用in ) The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimeter. 長度是以米、公里、厘米為單位來計算的。(同上) This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 這個牌匾是銅鑄的，不是金鑄的。八、特征、方面與方式、心情、成語慣用in 1、特征或狀態(tài)：例: They found the patient in a coma. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)病人處于昏迷狀

9、態(tài)。 He has not been in good health for some years. 他幾年來身體一直不好。 Many who came in despair（在絕望中） went away in hope. 許多人帶著絕望情緒而來，卻滿懷希望而去。 The house was in ruins. 這房屋成了廢墟。The poor girl was in tears. 這個貧苦女孩淚流滿面。 Her clothes were in rags. 她的衣跟穿破了。 His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了。 I only said it in fun. 我說

10、這話只是開玩笑的。 She spoke in grief rather than in anger. 與其說她講得很氣憤，不如說她講得很傷心。九、還有一些短語也用in，如： in jest 詼諧地，in joke 開玩笑地，in spite 惡意地， in fairness 公正地，in revenge 報復(fù), in mercy 寬大，in sorrow 傷心地等。 His mind was in great confusion. 他腦子里很亂。 Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb. 今天大家都興高采烈，沒有一

11、個情緒低落的。 She and her classmates are in flower ages. 她和她的同學(xué)都正值妙齡。 The compain was in full swing. 運動正值高潮中。2、方面： 例：we accepted the item in principle. 我們在原則上接受了這個條款。 They are never backward in giving their views. 他們從來不怕發(fā)表自己的意見。 The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain. 這個落后的地區(qū)在糧食方面已能自給。 A

12、good teacher must be an example in study. 一個好的教師必須是學(xué)習(xí)的模范。3、方式： 例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有報告都用速記記錄下來了。4、如下成語慣用 in 例如： in all 總計 in advance 事前 in the meantime 與此同時 in place 適當?shù)?in hopes of(或in the hope of) 懷著.希望 in connection with 和有關(guān) in contact with 和聯(lián)系 in force 有效的，大批 in dep

13、th 徹底地 in regard to 關(guān)于 in the neighborhood of 大約、鄰近 in behalf of 代表.利益 in the least 一點，絲毫 in alarm 驚慌、擔心 in the opinion of 據(jù)見解 in the long run 從長遠說來 in ones opinion 在看來 in word 口頭上 in a word 總之 in case 如果，萬一，以防 in detail 詳細地 in conclusion 總之 in spite of 盡管 in other words. 換句話說 in return 作為回報 in the

14、name of 以.名義 be confident in 對.有信心 be interested in 對.感興趣 in doubt 懷疑 in love 戀愛中 in debt 負債 in fun (joke) 玩笑地 in hesitation 猶豫不決 in wonder 在驚奇中 in public (secret) 公開他(秘密地) in a good humors 心情(情緒)好十、介詞at、to表方向，攻擊、位置、善、惡、分。 介詞at和to都可以表示方向; 用at表示方向時，側(cè)重于攻擊的目標，往往表示惡意；用to表示方向時，突出運動的位置或動作的對象，側(cè)重表示善意。試比較下列各

15、句： 1. AShe came at me. 她向我撲過來。 BShe came to me. 她向我走過來。 2. AJake ran at John. 幾杰克向約翰撲過去。 BJake ran to John. 杰克朝約翰跑去。 3. A. He rushed at the woman with a sword. 他拿著劍向那婦女撲過去。 B. He rushed to the woman with a sword. 他帶著劍向那婦女跑過去。4AHe shouted at the old man. 他大聲喝斥那老人。 B. He shouted to the old man. 他大聲向那老

16、人說5AI heard her muttering at Xiao Li. 我聽見她在抱怨小李。 BI heard her muttering to Xiao Li. 我聽見她在同小李低聲說話。6A. She talked at you just now. 她剛才還說你壞話呢。 BShe talked to you just now. 她剛才還同你談話呢.7AShe threw a bone at the dog. 她用一塊骨頭砸狗。 BShe threw a bone to the dog. 她把一塊骨頭扔給狗吃。8AHe presented a pistol at me. 他用手槍對著我。

17、 BHe presented a pistol to me. 他贈送我一支手槍【 】 1 Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on【 】2 A lot of students in our school were born _ March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since【 】3 He suddenly returned_ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during【 】4

18、My grandfather was born _ Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of【 】5 The train is starting _five minutes. A. in B. at C. for D. still【 】6 Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on【 】7 The population of the world has grown very fast _ four hundred years. A

19、. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past【 】8 We returned to our hometown_. A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week【 】9 Great changes have taken place_. A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year【 】10 Children wake up very ear

20、ly _the morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at【 】 11 _ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street. A. In B. On C. At D. For【 】12 It happened to be very cold_ the morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of【 】13 Why did you get up so early _ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D.

21、 in【 】14 He went to Shanghai_ September 3, 1991 and came back_ a cold morning last year. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia【 】15 Lucy was born_ the night of May 12, 1984. . . A. on B. in C. at D. to【 】16 Mrs Brown came to China _ 1996. A. on B. of C. to, D. in【 】17 _ the morning of November 20,

22、 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning _Joe Hill. A. On; to B. In; of . C. On; for , D. At; for【 】18 Ann moved _Hangzhou _September, 1992. A. /; in i B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in【 】 19 They started off _an autumn afternoon. A. during B. at C. in D. on【 】20 He often goes _ school

23、_ six thirty _ the morning. A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to【 】 21 He arrived _ Shanghai _ 9: 30 _ March 5. f A. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on【 】22 The English teacher told me to get there_ half past ten. A: in B. at C. on D. of【 】23 The children get u

24、p _ 6 oclock. A. at B. on C. during D. in【 】24 The doctor worked_ five hours_ a rest. A. for; with B. on; without C. about; having D. for; without【 】25 I worked on the problem _ a long time and I worked it out_ myself_ last. A. for; by; at B. in; with; on C. on; by; in D. for; for; at the【 】26 A new

25、 factory will be set up _ a year. A. for B. in C. after D. on【 】27 Two years_ he began to write another story-book. A. after B. later ; C. in D. late【 】28 We will finish the picture a day. A. in B. on C. after D. on【 】29 The workers had been_ strike _almost a month. A. on; in B. at; in C. on; for D.

26、 on; during【 】 30 Mr Brown had lain _ the ground _ four hours before they finally found him. A. on; for B. at; in C. on; after D. in; during【 】31 The teacher is coming back_ an hour. A. after B. for C. in D. before【 】32 She lived in the mountain village_ the years 1940-1950. A. between B. during C.

27、in D. since【 】33 Miss Wang will come to Beijing_ two days. A. after B. in C. on D. before【 】34 The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won _ the end. A. by B. at C. in D. on【 】35 Mary had finished her homework_ the time I got home. A. until B. by C. at D. when【 】36 We stayed at the

28、 lab_ our teacher returned. A. till B. by C. during D. while【 】37 They didnt leave the station_ they get on the train. A. until B. by C. after y D. at【 】38 Dont worry. He will return_. A. before long B. long before C. long, long ago D. long ago【 】39 There lived an old man, fishing at sea_. A. long b

29、efore B. before long C. long time ago D. soon【 】40 It was not _ they came back. A. long before B. before long C. long time before D. long after【 】41 I was told that his uncle had gone to France . A. long before -B. shortly after C. before long D. long ago【 】 42 _ Tom gets up at five in the morning.

30、A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times【 】43 I remember we met each other_ last year. A. Sometime B. some times C. some time D. sometimes【 】44 Mary and I have been to the Great Wall,_. A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times【 】45 He studied English for _ in London, and then h

31、e went to America. A. sometimes B. sometime new B. some time B. some times【 】46 I dont like to sit _ Toms right. I would like to sit _ the back row. A. on; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on【 】47 There is a brook_ red flowers and green grass_ both sides. A. of with B. with; on C. of; at D. with; in【 】

32、48 There are many trees _ of the road! And _ of the trees is growing larger and larger. . A. on both side; a number B. on each sides; a number C. on both sides; the number D. on every side; the number【 】49 The plane is flying _. A. in the sky B. in. the air C. in space D. in sky【 】50 There is a swee

33、t smell_. A. in the air B. in the open air C. in the sky D. in the space【 】51 We held an interesting party_. A. in the air B. in the sky C. in the open air D. in space【 】52 Seen from_, the earth appears to be a big blue ball. A. the space B. space C. a space D. this space【 】53 Tom sits_the classroom

34、 while John sits _the room. A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of【 】54 Lucy sits_ the third row, _Jims left. A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on【 】55 Jiangsu is_ the east of China, but Japan is _ the east of Ch

35、ina. A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to D. to; on【 】56. -Can I look up a word_ your dictionary? -I havent got _me. A. into; about B. in; with C. at; in D. on; on【 】57 1 like mooncakes _ meat _ them. A. in; on B. with; on C. in; the D. with; in【 】58 When you are _ trouble please ask help _ us. A. in; fr

36、om B. in; for C. on; from D. on; of【 】59 The shopkeeper said they had sold out the shoes_ your size. A. about B. in C. to D. of【 】60 I saw him _hurry at the moment. A. in a B. in C. on D. on a【 】61 He put up a map _ the back wall because there was a hole _ it. A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at

37、【 】62 There is a door_ the wall. A. on B. to C. of D.in【 】63 This kind of VCD is made_ China. . A. in B. from C. at D. on【 】64 Any man _ eyes_ his head can see that hes exactly like a rope. A. with; on B. with; in C. on; with D. in; with【 】65 There are some birds singing_ the trees. A. in B. on C. a

38、t D. from【 】66 Dont read _ the sun. Its bad _ your eyes. A. in; to B. under; for C. with; to D. in; on【 】67 The woman_ a blue dress is my teacher. A. in B. on C. of D. at【 】68 There are so many apples_ that tree. A. in JB, on C. at , D. from【 】69 The boat is passing_ the bridge. A. through B. below

39、C. under D. across【 】70 Two planes are flying_ the city. A. through B. over , C. on , D, below【 】71 We can see a river running to the east_ the hill. A. under B. below C. over D. on【 】72 Do you see the kite _ the building. A. over B. cross C. on D. above【 】73 The United States is _ the south of Cana

40、da and _ the east of Japan. A. to; in B. on; to C. in; beside D. at; on【 】74 My hometown lies_ the city. _ I often go to the city by bike. A. 50 miles in the east; However B. to the east 40 miles of; But C. in the east 45 miles from; But D. 35 miles east of; However【 】75 The man stood _the window, watching the boys playing outside. A. in B. by C. with D. to【 】76 Japan lies_ the east of China. A. on B. to C. in D. with【 】77 Is the street too narrow for the bus to go _? A. through B. across C. on D. in【 】7