2019屆高考英語(通用版)二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專題訓(xùn)練：訓(xùn)練1說明文(Ⅰ)(含解析)

1、專題二閱讀七選五 訓(xùn)練1說明文（I） A （2019 廈門外國語學(xué)校適應(yīng)性考試 ） Being Left handed in a Right handed World The world is designed for right handed people, but why does a tenth of the population prefer the left? _J The an swer to it rema ins a bit of a mystery.S ince scie ntists have no ticed that left han ded ness tends to

2、 run in families , its assumed that left handedness has a genetic（基因的）component to it. 2_ In fact, identical twins , who share the same genes, can sometimes prefer to use different hands.There are also plenty of theories on what else might determine which hand you write with , but many experts belie

3、ve that its kind of ran dom. Historically , the left side and left handedness have been considered a negative thing by many cultures. 3 In some areas, the left hand became known as the “ unclean” hand.ln many religions , the right hand of God is the favored hand.For example , Jesus sits at Gods righ

4、t side.Gods left hand , however, is the hand of judgement.Various activities and experiences become rude or even sig ns of bad luck whe n the left hand becomes in volved .In some parts of Scotla nd , it is con sidered bad luck to meet a left han ded pers on at the start of a journ ey. 4 A pers on gi

5、vi ng direct ions will put their left hand behind them and even physically try to point with their right hand if n ecessary .In some Asia n coun tries , eati ng with the left hand is con sidered impolite. 5 People come to realize that left han ded ness is n atural.People even no ticed that many famo

6、us people are left handed , including Benjamin Franklin , Leonardo Da Vinci , and Charlie Chapli n.Some researchers find out that lefties are more creative and can deal with abstract thi nki ng better.The left handedness is more easily adaptable to the right handed world as well.Being left han ded i

7、s no Ion ger a sad story now; in stead , it is a won derful gift or maybe it is someth ing you should take pride in. A. In other words , left handers are born that way. B. Left handedness used to be regarded as a disability. C. The unfavorable associations of the use of the left hand among cultures

8、are varied. D. Why do they prefer to use their left hand rather than their right hand for routine activities? E. Why do some parents force their left handed children to become right handed when writi ng? F. In Ghana ,pointing , gesturing ,giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered ru

9、de. G. Fortun ately, no wadays most societies and cultures no Ion ger reject left han ded ness like before. 本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了人們使用左手的原因 ，過去對左撇子的誤解以及現(xiàn) 如今人們不再像以前那樣拒絕左撇子了。 1 . D 上句提到：但是為什么有十分之一的人喜歡用左手 ，第二段首句提到：這個問題依 然有很多謎團(tuán)?？芍颂幨窃谠儐?“為什么他們喜歡用左手而不是右手從事日?；顒幽?？ ” 2 . A 上句提到：由于科學(xué)家注意到左手傾向于在家人之間遺傳 ，人們認(rèn)為左撇子有這方 面的

10、基因成分。因此可以判斷有一些人一出生就是那個樣子。 3. C 上文提到：歷史上，在許多文化中，使用左手一直被認(rèn)為是負(fù)面的事情。 下文提到： 在一些地區(qū)左手被認(rèn)為 “不干凈”。在許多宗教中，上帝的右手是最受歡迎的手。可知不同的 文化對使用左手不利的聯(lián)系各不相同。 4. F 上文提到：當(dāng)左手參與的時候 ，各種各樣的活動或經(jīng)歷變成粗魯甚至是壞運氣的標(biāo) 志。在蘇格蘭一些地區(qū)，在旅行開始時遇見一個左撇子會被認(rèn)為運氣不好。因此下句應(yīng)該是 舉使用左手被認(rèn)為粗魯?shù)睦印?5. G 根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容并結(jié)合空后第一句 “People come to realize that left handedness is na

11、tural.”可知，本段主要講述現(xiàn)如今大多數(shù)社會和文化不再像以前一樣拒絕左撇子了。 B （2019 東北三省四市聯(lián)考） Appl ying for college in the Un ited States from ano ther country can be excit ing and challe nging. 6_ But it is not difficult if you follow the procedures carefully. There are more applica nts tha n those the colleges in the Un ited State

12、s can accept in any year. 7_ The key to successful admission is in careful planning and completing the required steps on time.Keep in mind the following advice during your college planning. 8 What kind of pers on are you? What are your in terests? Why do you think study ing in ano ther country will

13、be good for you? What if study ing in ano ther country makes you feel an xious? Start pla nning ahead of time 9 Identify the things that are the most important to you.Make a list of those characteristics to help you compare the colleges that interest you.Talk with students in your country who have s

14、tudied in the US.Pla n your college budget. 10 Be sure that your in formati on is curre nt and correct. A. Talk about your family situatio ns B. Consider your own characteristics C. Be realistic about how you will pay for your education. D. The process may be different from the one in your country.

15、E. Plan about two years before you wish to start studying in the US. F. Follow the advice above , and you will make it to an ideal college in the US. G. So college admission can be competitive , especially for applicants from outside the US. 本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了申請去美國留學(xué)之前需要做的一些準(zhǔn)備工作。 6. D 根據(jù)空格后的 But”可知，上下

16、句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系?？崭窈缶湟猓旱侨绻阏J(rèn)真地遵 循程序就不難。故 D 項“申請過程可能和你所在的國家不同 ”與下句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語 境。故選 D 項。 7. G 空格前講申請美國的大學(xué)的人數(shù)比這些大學(xué)能接受的人數(shù)多。故 G 項“所以在大 學(xué)錄取中會存在一定的競爭 ，尤其是對于來自美國之外的申請者 ”能夠承接上文，符合語境。 故選 G 項。 8. B 根據(jù)下文列舉的 4 個問題可知，申請大學(xué)之前申請者要考慮自身的特點。 故 B 項“考 慮你自身的特點”起到概括作用，符合語境。故選 B 項。 9. E 本段標(biāo)題為“提前開始計劃”，空格后對此進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)說明。 故 E 項“在你想去美 國留學(xué)的大約前

17、兩年開始計劃”能夠聯(lián)系上下文，符合語境。故選 E 項。 10. C 空格前講要對大學(xué)的費用進(jìn)行預(yù)算。故 C 項“對你將如何支付教育費用要現(xiàn)實 ” 能夠承接上文，符合語境。故選 C 項。 C （2019 深圳市調(diào)研測試） Television is everywhere around us.Yet it is great for learning English.The pictures make it easier to understand than radio and because you can see whos talking , and get a better idea of w

18、hat people mean.Just watch their “ bodylanguage !” Watch programs that you find enjoyable and en tertai ning. 11 Heres the english at guide to learning as much as possible while watching English television : 12 Lear ning En glish should be fun not someth ing that you have to force yourself to do.lf

19、you have a passion for football , watch matches or the sports news. Keep a notebook near to your television. 13 This is especially useful.You can look for programs with sub titles in your own Ianguage. Try to watch English television regularly.Even if you can only watch 15 minutes a day , youll be a

20、mazed how much you lear n. Dont worry if you dont un dersta nd everyth in g.E nglish televisi on is no rmally aimed at n ative English speakers. 14 If the programs that youre watching are full of unknown words, just concen trate on un dersta nding the gen eral meaning. Keep a note of televisi on pro

21、grams and prese nters that you find easy to un dersta nd and try to watch them regularly. 15 Soon you will impress your friends with your En glish skills. A. Dont watch the programs too easy for you. B. Better watch programs that you find interesting. C. Programs often include many difficult words.

22、D. English learning has little to do with watching TV E. Whatever you watch will help you improve your English. F. Doing this will in crease your con fide nee in lear ning En glish. G. You can take down any new words or expressions that you hear. 本文是一篇說明文?？从⑽碾娨暪?jié)目有助于學(xué)好英語。那么 ，在看英文電視節(jié)目時，應(yīng) 該注意些什么呢？本文就此提

23、出了一些建議。 11. E 根據(jù)上文可知，你可以看一些自己認(rèn)為有趣和喜歡的節(jié)目 ，接著下文提到通過看 英文電視節(jié)目來學(xué)習(xí)英語的一些指南。 因此空格處應(yīng)起到承上啟下的作用。 E 項意為“無論你 看什么內(nèi)容，都會幫助你提高英語”，符合語境，能夠總結(jié)上文內(nèi)容并引起下文。故選 E。 12. B 此處為該段主題句。 根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容尤其是最后一句可知 ，如果你對足球有熱情， 那么你就看比賽或者體育新聞，學(xué)習(xí)英語應(yīng)該是一個有趣的過程。 B 項意為“最好看你會感興 趣的節(jié)目”，能夠概括該段主旨，符合語境。故選 B。 13. G 根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述在電視機(jī)旁放一個筆記本 ，目的是你可以記 下你聽到的

24、內(nèi)容，這是相當(dāng)有用的。G 項與上下文話題銜接密切，符合語境。故選 G。 14. C 根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要闡述如果沒有完全理解所有意思也不要著急。英語電視節(jié)目往往是播放給自己國家的人看的 ，節(jié)目中常常會有很多你不認(rèn)識的詞。 C 項意為 “節(jié)目中通常含有一些難懂的詞 ”，與本段內(nèi)容呼應(yīng)，且與上下文話題銜接緊密，符合語境。 故選 Co 15. F 根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容并結(jié)合語境可知 ，記住你認(rèn)為容易理解的電視節(jié)目和主持人 ，并盡 可能定期收看。故 F 項“這樣做可以使你在學(xué)習(xí)英語方面增加自信 ”承接上文話題,對上文 進(jìn)行合理的解釋，符合語境。故選 Fo D （2019 全國丙卷） Every one

25、 knows that fish is good for health. 16 But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year , but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. 17 This text is about how to bu

26、y and cook fish in an easy way. 18 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge.A ny fishy or stro ng smell means the fish isnt fresh. 19 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediate

27、ly, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one. There are many com mon methods used to cook fish. 20 First, clea n it and seas on it with your choice of spices （ 調(diào)料）.Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 t

28、o 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.（A larger one will take more time.） Then , its ready to serve. A . Do not buy it. B. The easiest is to steam it. C. This is how you can do it. D. It just requires a little knowledge. E. The fish will go bad within hours. F. When buying fish, you should first

29、 smell it. G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. 本文是一篇說明文。人人都知道吃魚有利于身體健康 ，但在家做魚的人似乎不多。于是 ， 本文作者介紹了能買到新鮮的魚的技巧以及一種簡單的做魚方法。 16. G 解本題可用句意判斷法?？崭袂罢f “人語電視節(jié)目往往是播放給自己國家的人看的 ，節(jié)目中常常會有很多你不認(rèn)識的詞。 C 項意為 人都知道吃魚有益健康 ”，故本空應(yīng)該接 上句說吃魚的好處，由此可知選 G 項“人們認(rèn)為魚的脂肪有助于預(yù)防心臟病”。本設(shè)空類型 為細(xì)節(jié)理解類。 17. D 解本題可用句意判斷

30、法。 空格前說“買魚、儲藏魚、做魚并不難”，空格后說“本 文就是關(guān)于如何買魚并用一種簡單方法做魚的 ”。綜觀各選項，D 項“這只需要一點兒知識” 與上下文語意銜接緊密，故為答案。本設(shè)空類型為過渡句類。 18. F 解本題可用詞匯鎖定法。由空格后的 smell sweet 可鎖定 F 項中的 smell it。將 F 項 代入空格后，語境為“買魚時，你應(yīng)該先聞一聞。新鮮的魚聞起來不錯 ”。句意銜接緊密， 故答案為 F 項。本設(shè)空類型為細(xì)節(jié)理解類。 19. A 解本題可用句意判斷法?？崭袂罢f “任何魚腥味或濃烈的臭味都說明這魚不新 鮮”，理所當(dāng)然，這樣的魚不能買，故選 A 項。本設(shè)空類型為細(xì)節(jié)理解

31、類。 20. B 解本題可用關(guān)聯(lián)邏輯法。空格前說 “魚有很多普通做法”，空格后開始列舉步驟， 由此可推測空格處應(yīng)該是指出眾多方法中的一種。故選 B 項“最簡單的（方法）是蒸魚”。本設(shè) 空類型為過渡句類。 E （2019 湖北七市（州）教科研協(xié)作體聯(lián)考） Every one wants to become a better pers on, but many of us dont know what to do. 21 But I think every one deserves respect and can become a better pers on.lf you really want

32、 it , you can cha nge yourself and your habits by taking a few little steps described below. Pursue your passi on.l ts importa nt to find yourself and pursue your passi on .Lear n to liste n to your inner self, even whe n some one is trying to bring you dow n. Some people try to bring you dow n beca

33、use theyre too weak and cowardly to pursue their passions and they dont think you should pursue yours.Dont listen to them.Spend time with yourself and think about the thing that brings you joy. 22 23 Ano ther importa nt thi ng to do to be a better pers on is to lear n how to keep your dig ni ty.Keep

34、 in mind that only youre resp on sible for your choices and decisi on in life and n ever get dow n on yourself whe n you do someth ing wron g.D ont let anyone or anything bring you dow n and remi nd yourself that your life is unique , special and really worthwhile. Share your time , energy and talen

35、ts. 24 You might not get aware of them , but you have them.Sharing your time , energy and talents can help become a better person, so learn to share more of your precious time with others and help people in need and you will feel much better about yourself. Learn something new.You should never stop learning something new.That you are in your 30s or 40s, or eve n 60s, does nt mea n you cant lear n a new Ian guage or other in terest ing thin gs.K no wledge is always great