(完整word版)高三英語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)

1、課 題 復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)授課時(shí)間：備課時(shí)間：掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)的基本構(gòu)教學(xué)目標(biāo)成和基本用法。重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)各時(shí)態(tài)在語法填空、改錯(cuò)題的綜合運(yùn)用1. 高考考綱規(guī)定的3500 左的詞是基本詞匯2. 詞類：1）名詞2）形容詞3）副詞4）動(dòng)詞5）代詞6 ）冠詞7）數(shù)詞8 ）介詞9）連詞考點(diǎn)及考試要求3. 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)4. 虛擬語氣5. 非謂語動(dòng)詞6. 簡(jiǎn)單句和并列句7. 名詞性從句8. 定語從句9. 狀語從句10. 主謂一致11. 特殊句式（省略，倒裝，there be 句型， 強(qiáng)調(diào)，插入語）教學(xué)內(nèi)容一、知識(shí)點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)一般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在do/doe

2、sam/is/are doinghave/has donehave/has been doing過去didwas/were doinghad donehad been doing將來shall/will doshall/will be doingshall/will have doneshall/will have been doing過去將來should/woulddoshould/would be doingshould/would havedoneshould/would have been doing時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞是謂語所表示的動(dòng)作或情況發(fā)生時(shí)間的各種形式。英語動(dòng)詞有16 種時(shí)態(tài)，但是常用的

3、只有 11 種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來完成時(shí)時(shí)。1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, mon th), once a week, on Sundays,二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語be 動(dòng)詞 / 動(dòng)詞原形(第三人稱單數(shù)單)其他三、注意的問題：1 .第三人稱單數(shù)以及第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)則在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)

4、，謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加 -s 或 -es。但有些同學(xué)們對(duì)于哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)還不十分清楚，現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下：1、人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。2、單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Han Mei looks like her mother. Beijing is in China. Uncle Wang often makes cakes.3、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： This

5、book is yours.4、不定代詞someone, somebody, nobody, everything, somethin等及指示代詞gthis, that作主語時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Everyone is here.大家到齊了。5、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)為第三人稱單數(shù)。如： The milk is in the glass.2.動(dòng)詞的第三人稱詞尾變化：當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞需加-s或 -es：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在詞尾加-s，playleaveswimplaysleavesswims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的詞加-es，pass fixteach w

6、ish dopassesfixesteacheswishesdoes以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的詞，先變y為 i, 再加 -es,study carry flystudiescarriesflies注意：動(dòng)詞have 的第三人稱單數(shù)是has.3. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Be 動(dòng)詞肯定句式：主語+ be(am/is/are) + 其它 .否定句式：主語+ be(am/is/are) + not +其它.一般疑問句：Be(am/is/are) + 主語+ 其它？特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+(am/is/are) +主語+其他？2. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞肯定句式：主語+ 動(dòng)詞原形/ 三單 + 其它否定句式：主語+ don t/ d

7、oesn t + 動(dòng)詞(原形)+ 其它一般疑問句：Do/ Does + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞(原形)+ 其它【do , does的過去時(shí)均為did】？特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語every day, usually, always, often,sometimes, on Sunday等連用。如： I at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。2、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示客觀存在及普遍真理。如： Summer( follow) spring. 春天之后是夏天。The sun

8、 (rise) in the east.太陽從東方升起。The earth(move)around the sun .注意：此種用法即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如： I learned that the earth (go) around the sun when I was in primary school.3、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示格言或警句。如： Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必?cái)　?、以here, there等開始的倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.車來了。There goes

9、 the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。5、在下列情況下表示將來：1）在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。如： I will give it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看見他就交給他。He will come if you invite him. 如果你請(qǐng)他,他會(huì)來的。Suppose he doesn t a， grweehat shall we do?假如他不同意，那怎么辦?批注：可結(jié)合主將從現(xiàn)進(jìn)行講解2）在the more the more 越 （ 越 ） 句型中,前者通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，因?yàn)榍罢呦喈?dāng)于

10、條件狀語從句。如： The harder you study, the better results you will get.你學(xué)習(xí)越努力，成績就會(huì)越好。3）表示按計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，通常有表示將來的時(shí)間狀語。如： The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at l:20.批注：只限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞能這樣用，如begin, start, end, finish, stop, go, come, leave, sail, arrive, return,close, open等。2.一般過去時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)

11、作或存在的狀態(tài)，過去時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：（1） yesterday系列：yesterday, yesterday morning ,yesterday afternoon ,yesterday evening, the day before yesterday（2） last系列：last week, last month, last year, last night（3） ago系列：two months ago, three years ago（4） in 系列：in 1990, in 2012特殊： just now ,in the past等等。主語 + be 動(dòng)詞過去式/動(dòng)詞過去式+其他Sh

12、e often came to help us in those days.否定形式： was/were+not；she wasn't a nurse. didn't 動(dòng)詞原形I didn't know you like coffee.一般疑問句 Did+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞原型+其他？Did she often come to help us in those days? WasWere+主語+表語? Was she a nurse?二、一般過去時(shí)的用法1. 動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)律1）一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2）結(jié)尾是e 加

13、 d，如：taste-tasted3）末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4）以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y 為 i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5） 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-wencome-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write

14、-wrote draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時(shí)練習(xí)：寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式isam fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make does danceworry ask _ taste_ eatdraw_put throwkick_ pass_ do _三、 用法說明1 表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)。常與這些時(shí)間副詞連用如： He was here just now. What did you do

15、yesterday?2在過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。常與often， always， usually等頻度副詞連用。如： Sally often does some reading in the morning.We often played together when we were children.3 表示主語過去的特征或性格。如： At that time she was very good at English.4 用在狀語從句中表示過去將來。 如： He said he would wait until they came back.You haven't chan

16、ged much since we last met5 一般過去時(shí)有時(shí)可以表示現(xiàn)在，多與 want, hope, wonder, think, intend等動(dòng)詞連用，使語氣更委婉。如： I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能幫我一下。6 . 有時(shí)用一般過去時(shí)也是時(shí)態(tài)一致的需要。如： I didn t know you were here. 沒想到你在這里。注意：1. 表 示 一 系 列 的 動(dòng) 作 ， 盡 管 有 先 后 ， 都 用 一 般 過 去 時(shí) ， 最 后 兩 個(gè) 動(dòng) 詞 之 間 用 and 連 結(jié) 如：He opened the door,

17、rushed out and then disappeared.2. 注意在語境中理解我剛才還不。如： Your phone number again? I didn t quite catch it. It s 2566666.一、單句句法填空1. Being too anxious to help an even help often (result) in the contrary to our intention.2. (speak) out your inner feelingw ont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary,3. but it

18、 is not enough only (memorize) rules from a grammar book.4. (complete) the project as plannedw, e l lhave to work two more hours a day.5. The headteacher went into the lab, (follow) by the foreign guests.6. He saw the stone, (say) to himse:lf” thneight will be very dark. ”7. Yangshuo_67_ (be) really

19、 beautiful.8. A study of travelers_68_ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.9. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people_70_ (live) in Shanqghai and Hong Kong.3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用

20、來表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；也可表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。句子中有時(shí)有now “現(xiàn)在 ”、 look 看 “ ”、 listen 聽 “”暗示用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： I am speaking.She is reading a book these days.am / is / are + 動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞（v-ing）構(gòu)成。三、用法：1 .現(xiàn)在（說話的瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)此時(shí)此刻。E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.2 .當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。E.g. They are working these days.3 .

21、某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表預(yù)定的計(jì)劃或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。E.g I am coming.4. 表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。The leaves are turning red. It's getting warmer and warmer.5.1. 與 always, constantly, forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。You are always changing your mind.He is always causing trouble.四、現(xiàn)在分詞（v+

22、ing）的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：1 .一般情況下，直接加ing，如： cook-cooking, do-doing2 .以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3 .如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping，swim-swimming五、常見的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有now,these days, at present, at the momen等或當(dāng)句子中含有tlook, listen,之類的暗示詞時(shí)，也用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。例： Look! Ja

23、ck is swimming.Listen! She is singing.I am cleaning my room now.六、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊用法：1）表示將來現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來：常有"意圖 "、 "安排"或 "打算"的含義，這種用法比較生動(dòng)，給人一種期待感。它常表示最近或較近的將來，所使用的動(dòng)詞多是轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞。常用詞為：come, go, start, arrive, leave, stayI'm going. 我就要走了。We're leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我們明天就去北京。

24、2）不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的情況表示感覺的動(dòng)詞，如see,hear等表示喜歡或厭惡的動(dòng)詞，如like,love,hate 等；表示希望的動(dòng)詞，如want,would like 等表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如be 等表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞，如have等表示思維，知識(shí)或理解能力的動(dòng)詞，如know,think,forget 等4.一般將來時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day（week, month, year ）,soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。1. We will have a picnic t

25、omorrow. （明天）2. He will come back the day after tomorrow. （后天）3. You will see your daughter soon. 很快（不久 ）4. They will get to Beijing in three days. （三天后）5. What will happen in the future?（在將來）6. She will go to Dalian next week. （下周）7. My dream will come true some day. （將來一天）二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：（ 1） will / shall

26、動(dòng)詞原形；（ 2） be going to動(dòng)詞原形；（ 3） be v. ing；（ 4） be to （be about to）動(dòng)詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)等?，F(xiàn)將其用法做一歸納并予以說明和比較。三、語法講解1. be going to動(dòng)詞原形（1）這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示主體現(xiàn)在的意圖，即打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈?，主語通常指人。在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語也可指物，但動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者仍然是人。例如： What are you going to do next Sunday?She s going to be a teacher.The wall is going to be brushed white.(2)表示說話人根據(jù)已有的跡

27、象認(rèn)為很可能即將發(fā)生某事。表示客觀事態(tài)的發(fā)展，而不是表示主觀的意圖。例如：Look at these black clouds. It s going to rain.2. will / shall 動(dòng)詞原形表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常伴有表示將來的時(shí)間狀語。在現(xiàn)代英語中will 可以通用于各種人稱。在問句中 shall 常用于第一人稱表示建議或征求對(duì)方意見。例如： I shall write you a letter next month.I will go to my home town next week.Shall we go to the park?3. be動(dòng)詞不定式法這種結(jié)構(gòu)著重指按

28、計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生某事。常表示“職責(zé)、意圖、約定、可能性”等。例如： We are to have a meeting next Saturday.4. be about動(dòng)詞不定式這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示“最近或馬上要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作”。例如：Summer harvest is about to start.5. be v. ing 結(jié)構(gòu)的用法這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來的時(shí)間，但只適用于表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。例如：go , come , leave , start , arrive , move , return , fly 乘飛機(jī) ()等，并常伴有表示將來時(shí)間的狀語以區(qū)別于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)

29、作。例如：. Where are you going this Saturday? 格林一家后天要搬遷到另一個(gè)城市。四、主將從現(xiàn)主將從現(xiàn)是指在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，如果主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來時(shí)。例如：I will tell him about it when he comes.If it is fine tomorrow, we will go outing.常見的有以下四種情況：條件狀語從句的主句是一般將來時(shí)，那么從句常常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)如： When I grow up, I ll be a nurse and look after pa我長大后要當(dāng)一名護(hù)士，照

30、顧病人tients如果主句是祈使句，那么從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)如：Don t laugh at me when I make a mistake. 我犯錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候不要笑話我。如果主句是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，根據(jù)需要從句多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)如： You should be quiet when you are in the reading room 在閱覽室時(shí)應(yīng)保持安靜常見的時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞有：as soon as, when, while ,as ,until 等5、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一、 含義： 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)既可以表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可以表示過去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正 在發(fā)生或反復(fù)持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

31、。構(gòu)成： was/ were doing常用的時(shí)間狀語（標(biāo)志）：過去具體某一時(shí)刻當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雨來臨時(shí) 在昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候 在那時(shí) 在昨晚九點(diǎn)when the rainstorm cameat this time yesterdayat that time/at that moment at 9:00 last night.注 :doing 就是現(xiàn)在分詞,詞形變化與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相同四、基本用法A. 表示過去某一時(shí)刻或過去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。句中經(jīng)常有過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過去動(dòng)作陪襯。例：At 9:00 last night I was watching football on TV.They were

32、having a discussion the whole morning yesterday.B、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。It was raining hard when I left my office.When you called， I was eating.When I was cleaning the windows， my brother was sweeping the floor.C、 .過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生While you were speaking to the teacher, I saw you.Some

33、students were playing footbal， l while others were running round the track.注意： When 從句一般過去時(shí)，主句過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。While 從句過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，主句一般過去時(shí)。兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生While 從句進(jìn)行時(shí)，主句進(jìn)行時(shí)。五、特殊用法A. 為過去發(fā)生的事情提供時(shí)間背景。例：One day two friends were walking through a forest.(后文整個(gè)故事發(fā)生在這一時(shí)間內(nèi))B. 表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞如come, go, leave, fly, set off等用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃，安排過去某

34、時(shí)刻將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例： He said they were leaving for Beijing the next day.C. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)中有always, forever, continually, constantly修飾時(shí)，表示說話人的贊賞或厭煩的態(tài)度。例： He was always thinking of others.She was constantly finding faults with others.六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞在過去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)，而一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的完成。例：He was writing his compos

35、ition last night.(不一定寫完)He wrote his composition last night. (已經(jīng)寫完)2. 表示過去的狀態(tài)、感覺及心理活動(dòng)的靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞(如：be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know,want, notice)可用于一般過去時(shí)，但通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。例： I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food.3. 一般過去時(shí)與always, constantly, forever, continually等連用，表示“過去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)

36、作”；而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與這些詞連用，表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，常帶有感情色彩。如：He always got up at six.He was always thinking of his work.二、課堂練習(xí)一、真題演練：?jiǎn)尉湔Z法1. When I die, I (give) everything to you.2. That was definitely not an attractive idea, so I politely declined her invitation, .(close) mybook and walked away.3. His fear of failure (keep)

37、him from classroom games that other students played with joyousabandon.4. （speak） out your inner feelingw ont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary,5. （complete） the project as plannedw, e l lhave to work two more hours a day.6.It was raining lightly when I_61_ （arrive） in Yangshuo just before dawn

38、.7. This cycle 48 （go） day after day： The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset抵消 （） for the outside temperatures.8. In 1969， the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland， Ohio.It 61 （be） unimaginable that it could ever b

39、e cleaned up.9. Be patient！ Tai Chi 66（call） “ shadow boxing ” in English.It asks you to act like： water10. Unless some extra money（find）， the theatre will close11. When a new day breaks， the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 46 （cool） the house during the hot da；y at the same time， they warm up again for the night.12. In addition to their simple beauty， what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to condition ” a house without 44 （use） electric equipment.13. The a