虛擬語氣專題課件

1、What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery, I would Grammar and usageUnreal conditionals1. 一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法。一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法。2. 一般條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝。一般條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝。3. 復(fù)習(xí)其他一些基本用法。復(fù)習(xí)其他一些基本用法。 Main tasks:if條件句中虛擬語氣的用法條件句中虛擬語氣的用法1. state a present condition or situation If I were you, I would ask m

2、y parents for help. If I had the chance, I might want to be a translator. 一、一、一般條件一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法句中虛擬語氣的用法unreal present conditionals:Ifwere/did, would/could/might do1. 假如我有更多的時間，我就會學(xué)習(xí)法語。 If I had more time, I would study French.2. 要不是她這么忙要不是她這么忙,她就會出席現(xiàn)在的會議了。她就會出席現(xiàn)在的會議了。Practice:If she were not so bus

3、y, she would attend the meeting now. Tips: 1) would, could and might are often interchangeable, but with some difference in meaning. would intention; plan could ability; possibility might probability 2) In written English or in formal situation, we usually use were in If-clauses in place of was. How

4、ever, in everyday conversation, was is often used. 2. refer to an imaginary past action. unreal past conditionals :If had been/done , would/could/might have done 1) 如果他抓緊時間，他本來能趕上那趟火車。如果他抓緊時間，他本來能趕上那趟火車。 If he had hurried, he could have caught the train.2) 如果你昨天告訴他，他也許會提些建議了。如果你昨天告訴他，他也許會提些建議了。 If y

5、ou had told him yesterday, he might have made some suggestions.3. unreal future conditionals: unreal future conditionals :If did/should/were to , would/should/might do 1) 假如我要出國，我就會去中國。假如我要出國，我就會去中國。 2) 萬一明天下雨，我們的運動會就推遲。萬一明天下雨，我們的運動會就推遲。 表示與事實情況相反表示與事實情況相反 if條件條件從句從句的謂語形式的謂語形式主句主句的謂語形式的謂語形式 表示與表示與現(xiàn)在

6、事實現(xiàn)在事實情情況相反況相反(present)表示與表示與過去事實過去事實情情況相反況相反(past)(past)表示與表示與將來事實將來事實情情況相反況相反(future)(future)過去式過去式(did/were)(be常用常用 were)過去式過去式(did)/(were)should + do were to do過去完成式過去完成式(had +done)would/could / might/should + dowould/could/ might/should +have donewould/could/ might/should + do虛擬語氣在條件從句中虛擬語氣在條件從

7、句中 注意：注意： 錯綜時間虛擬條件句：錯綜時間虛擬條件句： 指主句和從句的動作不是發(fā)生在同一時指主句和從句的動作不是發(fā)生在同一時間。需要根據(jù)意思采用表示不同時間的動間。需要根據(jù)意思采用表示不同時間的動作形式。作形式。 If he had listened to me, he would not be in such trouble now.從句：從句：PAST 主句主句 ：PRESENT If I _(take) French in high school, I _(have) more job opportunities now. But I didnt take French in hi

8、gh school and I dont have many job opportunities. had takenwould have1. 如果他當(dāng)時吃了藥如果他當(dāng)時吃了藥,現(xiàn)在就痊愈了?，F(xiàn)在就痊愈了。If he _ the medicine, he _ all right now.2. 我要是你的話我要是你的話,我當(dāng)時就聽從他的建議了。我當(dāng)時就聽從他的建議了。If I _ you, I _his advice.had takenwould bewerewould have taken Practice:Practice:We can also put should, were and h

9、ad at the beginning of an unreal conditional sentence. In this case, if is not needed any more.1) If you should make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed. Should you make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed.二、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝二、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝2 ) If you had told me earlier, I would not have this prob

10、lem now.Had you told me earlier, I would not have this problem now.3) If you were to take the train, you would be there much sooner. Were you to take the train, you would be there much sooner.注意注意: 如果省略的條件句中的謂語如果省略的條件句中的謂語動詞是否定形式時動詞是否定形式時,不能用動詞的不能用動詞的縮略形式縮略形式. _ she _ yesterday, she would meet the f

11、amous singer today.A. Hadnt; left B. Had; not leftC. If; didnt leave D. Didnt; leave TIPSB. Had; not leftPractice Fill in the blanks with the verbs given in the brackets in their proper forms.1. You didnt let me drive. If we (drive) in turn, you (not get) so tired.2. _it _(not be) for your help, I c

12、ouldnt have made any progress.3. _it _(rain) tomorrow, the match would be called off.had drivenwouldnt have gotHadnot beenWereto rain4. Most of the students felt rather disappointed at the English party. They said that it (organize) better.5. Well done, Jack！ Thanks. But given more time, I_ (do) it

13、better.might have been organizedcould/might/would have done 6.The mother carelessly put the knife within the babys reach, and the baby cut herself while playing it. If the mother had carefully put the knife out of the babys reach, the baby wouldnt have cut herself. Had the mother carefully put the k

14、nife out of the babys reach, the baby wouldnt have cut herself.He talked as if he _(discuss)the issue with Obama.1. as if/thoughHe looks as if he _ (be) an artist.三、復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的其他虛擬語氣三、復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的其他虛擬語氣werehad discussed1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.A. breaks B. has broken C.

15、 were broken D. had been brokenC2. The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _ a young man.A. is B. will be C. am D. wereD3. The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain.A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. wouldA2. would rathersb. did (not)sth.sb. had (not)done sth.S

16、hall I open the window?Id rather you _.Id rather I _（熬夜）（熬夜）last night.didnthad not stayed up lateI would rather you_(pay) me now. I would rather you _(go), too yesterday.Dont come. I would rather you_ (come)tomorrow.paidhad gonecamePratice3. 由由suggest/propose/advise/recommend/order/require/demand/r

17、equest/insist/urge/command引導(dǎo)的賓語從句以引導(dǎo)的賓語從句以及這些動詞其他詞形所構(gòu)成的主從、及這些動詞其他詞形所構(gòu)成的主從、表從、同從，要用表從、同從，要用should虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣。His suggestion is that the question _(discuss) immediately.She gave the order that the test _ (finish) before 6.It is suggested that the car_ (repair) as soon as possible. We all suggest that he

18、 _(finish) his work first. be finishedbe repairedshould finishshould be discussed 4. It is necessary/important/essential/ strange/urgent/natural/advisable that 主語主語+should doshould correctIt is necessary that you _ (correct)some mistakes.should have done真奇怪，她竟然干出這種事兒來。真奇怪，她竟然干出這種事兒來。It is strange th

19、at she _ it. 5. wish 1. wish (that) +S + did /were（與現(xiàn)在事實相反）與現(xiàn)在事實相反） I wish I were as young as you. 2. wish (that) +S + had done (與過去事實相反）與過去事實相反） I wish that I had not met him yesterday. 3. wish that +S + would/ could/might do（與將來事實相反）（與將來事實相反） Isnt it your wish that you could buy a car like that? 1

20、.The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I _to it.A. hadnt gone B. havent goneC. didnt go D. could not have goneA2. How I wish I _ that! Everybody present was angry with me.A. didnt go B. hadnt done C. wouldnt do D. wasnt doingB3. He is a brave man. Yes, I wish I _ his courage.A. Have B. ha

21、d C. will have D. would haveB4. Tom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _ me how.A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teachD6. Its (about/high) time +that should dodid你該走了你該走了。我們該吃飯了。我們該吃飯了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were goin

22、g.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we had dinnerIts time that we should have dinner.表示與事實情況相反表示與事實情況相反 if條件條件從句從句的謂語形式的謂語形式主句主句的謂語形式的謂語形式 表示與表示與現(xiàn)在事實現(xiàn)在事實情情況相反況相反(present)表示與表示與過去事實過去事實情情況相反況相反(past)(past)表示與表示與將來事實將來事實情情況相反況相反(future)(future)過去式過去式(did/were)(be常用常用 were)過去式過去式(did)/(wer

23、e)should + do were to do過去完成式過去完成式(had +done)would/could / might/should + dowould/could/ might/should +have donewould/could/ might/should + do A quick summary 一、虛擬語氣在條件從句中一、虛擬語氣在條件從句中二、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝二、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝 if條件句中有had, were, should時,省略if，將had ,were,should提到句首。 三、復(fù)習(xí)其他虛擬語氣的形式三、復(fù)習(xí)其他虛擬語氣的形式 1. as if/

24、though 2. would rather sb. did (not)sth. sb. had (not)done sth.3. 由由suggest/propose/advise/recommend/order/require/demand/request/insist/urge/command引導(dǎo)的賓語從句以及這些動詞其引導(dǎo)的賓語從句以及這些動詞其他詞形所構(gòu)成的主從、表從、同從，要用他詞形所構(gòu)成的主從、表從、同從，要用should虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣。4. It is necessary/important/essential/ strange/urgent/natural/advisabl

25、e that 主語主語+should do 5. wish .did/would/had done.6. Its (about/high) time +that. did/should do. (did 更常用）更常用）Consolidation1. Miss Li requested that her students_ on time to every class.A. Has to be B. were C. must be D. be2. He demanded that the laboratory report_immediately after the experiment wa

26、s done,A.was written B. be writtenC.must be written D. would be writtenDB3. _the exam, he would have attended a college.A. If he passed B. Had he passedC. Were he passed D. If he should passB4. _ five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A. If you should arrive B. If you arriveC. Had you ar

27、rived D. Should you arriveC 5. _it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.A. Were B. should C. would D. willB 6. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come7. -If he _, he _ that food.

28、-Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warmed; would not take B. had been warned ; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not takenD B 8. The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 9. -Have you ever been to Beijing? -No, but I wish I _. A.have B.will C. do D. hadDD 10.Th