猜測詞義(上課版)

1、閱讀理解解題指導閱讀理解解題指導 -猜測詞義猜測詞義高三英語解題指導高三英語解題指導( (閱讀篇閱讀篇) )Are you familiar with these sentences?1The underlined words “took off ” in paragraph 2 mean “_”2What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to?3The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that_. 高三英語解題指導高三英語解題指導(

2、(閱讀篇閱讀篇) )4Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “employ” in the third paragraph? 5The underlined phrase “ turn his back on” (paragraph 6) most probably means _.6By saying “ We need them yesterday ”(paragraph 7)，Stover means that snakelike robots _.高三英語解題指導高三英語解題指導( (閱讀篇閱讀篇) )英語

3、閱讀英語閱讀 猜測詞義猜測詞義百度一下百度一下 歷年高考都把歷年高考都把猜測詞義猜測詞義作為考生應該掌握的一項閱讀作為考生應該掌握的一項閱讀技能列入試題，技能列入試題，詞義推斷詞義推斷可以是可以是一個單詞的意義推斷一個單詞的意義推斷，也，也可以是可以是一個短語或句子的意義推斷一個短語或句子的意義推斷，既可以是，既可以是生詞意義生詞意義，也可以是也可以是熟詞新意熟詞新意；還可以是；還可以是對替代詞所替代內容的判斷對替代詞所替代內容的判斷。高三英語解題指導高三英語解題指導( (閱讀篇閱讀篇) )命題形式：命題形式：1The underlined words “took off ” in parag

4、raph 2 mean “_”2What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to?3The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that_. 高三英語解題指導高三英語解題指導( (閱讀篇閱讀篇) )4Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “employ” in the third paragraph? 5The underlined phrase “ turn h

5、is back on” (paragraph 6) most probably means _.6By saying “ We need them yesterday ”(paragraph 7)，Stover means that snakelike robots _. 1.But nearly all scientists now agree the 10 percent theory is completely unfounded. In fact, they question how this figure was ever arrived at in the first place

6、and what areas of the brain are supposed to be needed .(2012 廣州一模）Using word formation（構詞法） found :to base or construct sth on sth Unfounded : with no basis in fact ; unproven 高三英語解題指導高三英語解題指導( (閱讀篇閱讀篇) )Word Formation 構詞法構詞法： 英語單詞大多是由詞根、詞頭（前英語單詞大多是由詞根、詞頭（前綴）和詞尾（后綴）所組成。詞根是單綴）和詞尾（后綴）所組成。詞根是單詞最基本的部分，表

7、達單詞的基本含義。詞最基本的部分，表達單詞的基本含義。在詞根前或后加上前綴或后綴，可以用在詞根前或后加上前綴或后綴，可以用來引申或轉變原詞的意義。只要我們掌來引申或轉變原詞的意義。只要我們掌握了各種詞根、詞頭和詞尾的基本含義，握了各種詞根、詞頭和詞尾的基本含義，那么就可以很容易猜測出由其構成的新那么就可以很容易猜測出由其構成的新詞的含義了。詞的含義了。高三英語解題指導高三英語解題指導( (閱讀篇閱讀篇) )super- (超超) mini- (極小的極小的, 微小的微小的)micro-（極微小的）（極微小的） re- （再，反復）（再，反復） mis-（誤，惡）（誤，惡） im-（不）（不）

8、un-（不，非）（不，非） in-（不，非）（不，非）non-（不，非）（不，非） -able（能（能的的 ） -less（不，無）（不，無） -wards (向向)高三英語解題指導高三英語解題指導( (閱讀篇閱讀篇) )點撥：點撥：有些英語單詞是根據英語構詞法的一些規(guī)則構成的，根據學過的詞法知識可以推測出他們所構成的新詞的詞義。v 例如：例如：This possibility was unforeseeable，because it almost never happened.v 分析：分析：unforeseeable高三英語解題指導高三英語解題指導( (閱讀篇閱讀篇) ) 分析分析unfo

9、reseeableunforeseeable un fore see able 不不先、前、預先、前、預看見看見能能的；的；可以可以的的不可預見的不可預見的?Use the context clue 語境法語境法 Discussion & discovery 1. At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank. money方法探究一方法探究一n

10、or資本資本 2.Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to peoples health. They also regard drinking as harmful. harmful有害的有害的Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his

11、future.B 作者可能會用一個近義詞或者同義詞去作者可能會用一個近義詞或者同義詞去解釋另一個更難的詞，以便使他的文字解釋另一個更難的詞，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近義詞往往出現在同一句意思更清楚，近義詞往往出現在同一句或者同一段落中或者同一段落中 。由由and或或or， like ,as as, the same as等連接的兩等連接的兩個詞構成同義關系；個詞構成同義關系；方法小結之一：同義詞、近義詞等方法小結之一：同義詞、近義詞等同義關系同義關系1.Rather than liking the movie, as I expected them to, all my friends ab

12、horred it.2.He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated. Rather than liking方法探究二getting better disgust 厭惡厭惡 become worse 惡化惡化 (3) A two-bedroom flat in Moscow now costs $4,000 a month; a CD $24.83, and an international newspaper $6.30, according to Mercer. By compariso

13、n, a fast food meal with a hamburger is a steal at $4.80.What do the underlined words “a steal” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. an act of stealing B. something deliciousC. something very cheap D. an act of buying 方法小結之二：反義詞、對比轉折方法小結之二：反義詞、對比轉折關系關系 butyethoweverwhileunlikein contrastBy comparisonRather than o

14、n the other handon the contrarydespitein spite ofInsteadthough1.It will be very hard but also very brittle, that is, it will break easily.that is2. The new couple bought a lot of household appliances , such as washing machine, fridge and microwave oven ect.Hard but easily broken 硬而易碎的家電方法探究三3.The ty

15、pe of meter is called millimeter, which is used to measure electricity. 萬用表萬用表 方法小結之三：定義、解釋或舉例方法小結之三：定義、解釋或舉例等同位關系等同位關系meanrefer tonamelybe calledbe identified asto put it differently定語從句定語從句orfor examplesuch asfor instancethis isThat is to sayin other words1.since you are my superior（上級）（上級）, it wo

16、uld be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .方法探究四 2.Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules（分子）（分子）held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called th

17、e antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP. What does “glycol” in underlined word “glycoprotein” in the this paragraph mean?A. sugar B. ice C. blood D. molecule冒失的 方法小結之四：因果關系方法小結之四：因果關系With the help of conjunctions like: because, as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，therefore，so that. 1. But the new study

18、 looks at the 25 “hotspots” areas that contain a big concentration of plants and animalsand predicts that 11.6 percent of all species-方法探究五2. You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. A.dictionaries B. story-books C. magazin

19、es D. newspapers 熱點地區(qū) 方法小結之五：標點符號方法小結之五：標點符號 利用冒號；破折號；括利用冒號；破折號；括號等后面的提示確定詞號等后面的提示確定詞義義 1.When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. 2.When you throw a stone int

20、o still water of a lake, you will watch spread in rings on the surface of water. 麻藥麻藥波紋波紋方法探究六方法探究六 方法小結之六：經驗和常識方法小結之六：經驗和常識 利用生活常識；背景知利用生活常識；背景知識，相關經驗，文體特識，相關經驗，文體特點等上下文提示確定詞點等上下文提示確定詞義義Using context (上下文）上下文） clues（線索）（線索） 同義詞、近義詞同義詞、近義詞 反義詞、對比轉折反義詞、對比轉折 定定義義、解、解釋釋或或舉舉例例 因果因果關關系系 標標點符點符號號 經驗經驗常常識識

21、、上下文、上下文consolidationNow, lets come to more practice!Practice makes perfect !信息詞、對 比關系 2. (廣東卷）廣東卷）Each of the guests made a particular fuss over Kelly, the youngest one, admiring her dress, her hair and her smile. They said she was a remarkable girl to be carrying coats upstairs at her age. I thoug

22、ht to myself that we adults usually make a big “to do” over the younger one because shes the one who seems more easily hurt. The underlined expression “make a big “to do” over means _. A. show much concern about B. have a special effect on C. list jobs to be done for D. do good things for 因果關系 3.We

23、studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard, rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. （2009廣東卷）廣東卷） 47. Th

24、e underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means_A. formed an idea forB. made an outline forC. made some space forD. chose some colors for同義詞 4.(08廣東）廣東） Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-

25、year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager. “I would never have said to my mom, Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?

26、” says Ballmer. “There was just a complete gap in taste.” Music was not the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits. The underlined word “gulf” in Para. 3 most probably means_. A. in

27、terest B. distance C. difference D. separation 反義詞釋義詞According to the study，if the cat is adopted before the dog，and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats，a year for dogs)，it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interv

28、iewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.31.The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_ .A. early B. sweetly C. quickly D. smoothly5.（2011廣東）上下文推斷6.(2011廣東）廣東）You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However, you can

29、have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winners key to success.47. The underlined word remedy in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.A. AvoidB. acceptC. improve D. consider轉折關系Using word formati

30、onUsing context (上下文）上下文） clues（線索）（線索） 同義詞、近義詞同義詞、近義詞 反義詞、對比轉折反義詞、對比轉折 定定義義、解、解釋釋或或舉舉例例 因果因果關關系系 標標點符點符號號 經驗經驗常常識識、上下文推、上下文推斷斷summaryUnformiliar word is to English reading what setbeck is to our life.You can choose to ignore it or turn to others for help, but most of time you Will have to overcome

31、it on your own. No matter what difficulty you come across in your life, remember that as long as you dont lose heart, you are sure to find a way outSummaryTicket , please Three engineers and three 1.accountants are traveling by train to a conference . At the station, the three accountants each buy t

32、ickets and watch as the three engineers buy only a single ticket. “How are three people going to travel on only one ticket?” asks an accountant. “Watch and youll see,” answers an engineer. They all board the train. The accountants take their 2.respective seats but all three engineers 3. cram into a

33、4.restroom and close the door behind them. Shortly after the train has 5.departed, the 6.conductor comes around collecting tickets. He knocks on the restroom door and says, “ Ticket, please. “ The door opens just a7. crack and a single arm 8. emerges with a ticket in hand. Hw: read the passage and guess the meaning of the words underline. The conductor takes it and moves on. The acco