[中學聯(lián)盟]遼寧省錦州市錦州中學高考英語 語法考點---虛擬語氣(共32張PPT)

1、語法專題語法專題高考英語語法考點高考英語語法考點-虛擬語氣虛擬語氣錦州中學外語組錦州中學外語組 王海鋒王海鋒中學學科遼寧高考中對虛擬語氣的考查主要出現(xiàn)在單項填空部分。1.主要考查的知識點：(1)在狀語從句和名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法(2)含蓄虛擬語氣 復習重點：復習重點：(1)掌握虛擬語氣的基本概念及用法。(2)在條件句中省略if的虛擬語氣。(3)意義上不是虛擬語氣，但必須使用虛擬語氣的情況。2. 如何應對虛擬語氣的考查如何應對虛擬語氣的考查解題時，首先要確定題干句子表示的句意為真實的還是虛擬的，來決定是否該用虛擬語氣。帶有狀語從句的復合句應重點看從句，根據(jù)從句句意所表達的信息來判斷是否該用虛

2、擬。虛擬語氣確定后要明確是對現(xiàn)在、過去還是對將來的虛擬，從而確定虛擬語氣的形式。 But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 思路點撥：思路點撥：分析題干，根據(jù)But for the help of my English teacher(要不是我的英語老師)，可知該句為虛擬語氣。整句語意為：要不是英語老師的幫助，我就

3、贏不了英語寫作比賽一等獎?！摆A得一等獎”是已經(jīng)過去的事情了，所以此處表達的是對過去的虛擬，謂語該用would not have done的形式。故判斷空格處應該選B。熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思1. 狀語從句中的虛擬語氣狀語從句中的虛擬語氣(1) If I had time, I would go there. (2) If you had come earlier, you couldnt miss the bus.(3) If it were to rain/ should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off. (4) We got u

4、p early in order that we could catch the first bus.熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思(5) We got up early for fear that we should miss the first bus.(6) We got up early lest that we should miss the first bus.(7) She speaks English as though she were a native of New York.(8) It seems as if he doesnt know her. zxxk歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)

5、結(jié)條件從句If 從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來V+ ed (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V (原原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1. V. + ed.2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V.(原原)規(guī)則規(guī)則1. 條件狀語從句條件狀語從句歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)規(guī)則規(guī)則2：目的狀語從句：目的狀語從句 so that/ in order that 從句：2. for fear that/in case that 從句：3. l

6、est 從句：從句用can /could / may / might 動詞原形，如：(4)。從句用should動詞原形，意為“以防，萬一”，如：(5)。從句用should動詞原形，“以防萬一”，如：(6)。歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)規(guī)則規(guī)則3：方式狀語從句：方式狀語從句as if/ as though 從句：【注意】as if / as though連接的從句表示可能的事實時，不需用虛擬語氣，如：(8) 。與wish 后的賓語從句虛擬語氣類似，如：(7)。熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思2. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣(1)It is suggested that I (should) e

7、xercise every day. The doctors suggestion is that I (should) exercise every day. (2) His face suggested that he was very sad.(3) How he wishes that he were a bird.(4) We wish that we had visited the Great Wall last year.熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思(5) We wish we would live on the moon one day.(6) I would rather you

8、were not here with me now.(7) I would rather you hadnt done that.(8) It is important that we (should) have a good knowledge of computer science. (9) It is a pity that you (should) be absent from the meeting.(10) We are surprised that he (should) be a doctor.規(guī)則規(guī)則1：名詞性從句中，表示“建議，命令，要求”等意義時，(1) 建議：動詞adv

9、ise, suggest, propose, recommend (名詞advice, suggestion, proposal, recommendation)(2) 命令：名詞order, command(3) 要求：動詞request, require, demand, ask, insist (名詞request, requirement, demand)，如：(1)。歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)名詞性從句用(should) 動詞原形。規(guī)則規(guī)則2：I wish (that) 賓語從句(虛擬語氣)(1)表示愿望與“現(xiàn)在事實相反”， (2)表示愿望與“過去事實相反”，(3)表示愿望“將來實現(xiàn)希望

10、很小”，歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)從句用一般過去時，如：(3)。從句用過去完成時，如：(4)。從句常用could/might/would 動詞原形，如：(5)。規(guī)則規(guī)則3：would rather/prefer that從句(從句用虛擬語氣)(1)表示愿望與“現(xiàn)在事實相反”，從句用一般過去時，如：(6)。(2)表示愿望與“過去事實相反”，從句用過去完成時，如：(7)。規(guī)則規(guī)則4：名詞性從句表示說話人“強烈”的感情色彩時，歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) 從句用should 動詞原形/should have done，should 可譯為“應該；居然，竟然”。should 可以省略。例子如下：(1)It is

11、 important/necessary/essential/surprising/vital/ that 從句，如：(8)。(2) It is a pity / a shame/ an honour/ no wonder that從句，如：(9)。(3) 主語 be sorry/ disappointed/ surprised that從句，如：(10)。歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) 熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思3. 定語從句中的虛擬語氣定語從句中的虛擬語氣(1) Its time that we should go home.(2) Its time that we went home.(3) It

12、is the second time that I have visited Beijing. (4) It was the second time that I had visited Beijing.歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) Its (about/high/very) time that從句 注意下面固定句型的時態(tài)搭配：It/This is the first/second/time that主語has / have doneIt/This was the first/second/time that 主語had done.如：(3)、(4)。從句用虛擬語氣，謂語用一般過去式或 should

13、 do, should 不能省略，意為“某人該做某事”熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思4. 簡單句中的虛擬語氣簡單句中的虛擬語氣(1) Long live the Peoples Republic of China!(2) May you succeed！(3) Everybody leave the room! (4) Let one of you go and tell her to come. 歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) 虛擬語氣用于簡單句時，一般表示祝愿、命令等。規(guī)則規(guī)則1：表示祝愿，如：(1)、(2)。規(guī)則規(guī)則2：表示命令，如：(3)、(4)。 謂語要用動詞原形。熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思5. 含蓄虛

14、擬語氣含蓄虛擬語氣(1)If only you hadnt told him the news.(2)Human beings would die without water. Human beings would die if there were no water.(3)I couldnt have succeeded but for your help. I couldnt have succeeded if you hadnt helped me. 熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思(4)I had no money then. Otherwise I would have bought that

15、 book. If I had had money then, I would have bought that book.(5)Had they had time(If they had had time)，they would have certainly come to help us.(6)If I had studied in a university, I would get the job in the company. 歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)常用含蓄虛擬語氣的情況：規(guī)則規(guī)則1：if only 意為“要是 就好了” 與wish后面的虛擬語氣類似，如：(1)。規(guī)則規(guī)則2：witho

16、ut / but for 如果沒有，就會。如：(2)、(3)。規(guī)則規(guī)則3：otherwise / or 否則，不然的話，就會。如：(4)?！咀⒁狻?1)當虛擬語氣的條件狀語從句中有had，should，were時，在正式或書面語言中可將if省略，而把had，should，were 提前到句首，變?yōu)榘氲寡b，如：(5)。歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) (2) 混合虛擬語氣 虛擬語氣中，常出現(xiàn)從句與主句表示不同時期的事情，此時，從句與主句則分別用不同時態(tài)的虛擬語氣。如：(6)。(3) 幾種特別用法was/were supposed to have donewas/were to have donehad t

17、hought/believed，buthad planned/intended，buthad wished/hoped， but本應該做本計劃做本以為本計劃/本打算本希望 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ have donecould have done 本來可以本來可以- - -might have done 本來可能本來可能 - - -should / ought to have done 本來應該做本來應該做 - - -shouldnt / ought not to have done 本不該做本不該做 - - neednt have done 本不必做本不必做 - - - would have do

18、ne 本會本會/要去做要去做- 1.If you were old enough, I _ you to go there yesterday. A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowedD. had allowed2. The secretary suggested that they _ the men in at once. A. had brought B. should have broughtC. brought D. bring3. _I you, I would go with him to the party. A.

19、 Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were4. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 5. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worse. A. had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tried D. didnt try6. If he _ to the teacher attentively, he

20、_ the answer to the problem now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know7. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I _ your birthday party. A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended8. - Have you seen that fi

21、lm “Let the bullets fly”? - _. A. Only if I had seen it B. If only I had seen it C. If I have seen it D. Had I seen it9. The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years. A. were B. would be C. have been D. had been10. It is high time we _ up our results. A. sum B. summed C. will sum D. would

22、 sum11 _， he couldnt solve the problem.A. Even if he were here B. If even he were hereC. Even though he was here D. Though even he were here12. But for the guidance of our instructor(導師導師) , we _ in the experiment. A. shouldnt succeed B. could not have succeeded C. will not succeed D. should not have succeeded13. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ fre